How to assemble a solar battery do it yourself

In recent years, the issue of energy saving is becoming more and more acute. Many people start thinking about how to save electricity using a variety of energy-saving technologies. Recently, the use of solar energy in domestic conditions begins to interest more and more people who come to the conclusion that it will be better to put solar batteries once, and then get the weighty savings of your budget. This is relevant under conditions of constant rise in price of energy prices both in Russia and around the world. Even more can be saved if you figure it out how to collect a solar battery with your own hands. The main feature of the collection of solar cells will be the availability of components and minimum financial investments.

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Select elements for panels

The most dignity of the collected solar system is that it is not necessary to install the entire comprehensive system at once, power can be gradually increased. If the collection experience is successful, you can continue to work and increase the volume.

The solar battery is a local generator that functions based on the conversion of solar energy into electrical with the help of a photoelectric element. In order to gather it with your own hands, you need to pick up in free sale solar modules. For example, you can buy a set of solarcells on eBayconsisting of 36 solar cells, which is just designed to self-assemble the battery. Such sets can be purchased in Russia.

We develop a project

The development of the project will depend on where you will place the solar battery and installation option. Such batteries should be installed at an angle that provides sunlight at right angles on the photocells. Do not forget that the performance of the solar battery is completely dependent on the lighting intensity. They need to be installed on the sunny side of the building. Depending on the location of the object, as well as the solar stream in each region, the angle of inclination for the solar panel is calculated.

Worth paying your attention The fact that at the time of the design of the system, which is supposed to be installed on the roof of the building, should be identified in advance or calculate the roof carriage. The roof must fully withstand the applied load, as well as ensure the safety margin.

We make carcass

Before making a solar panel, you need to purchase solar cells (36 pieces). According to the calculations, one element issues 0.5 volts of energy, that is, with the presence of 36 elements, 18 volts may turn out.

The market presents a huge selection of plates having different sizes, but it is necessary to remember the following during their choice:

• All plates will produce the same voltage level regardless of their size;
• Big plates produce greater current strength;
• Using large plates, you can get more energy, but remember the weight of the larger panels;
• It is not recommended to use plates of different sizes in one structural system.

For the frame in the manufacture of solar panels, an aluminum corner is used, but you can buy and already ready for this frame. Transparent coating should be chosen by their desire, but given the refractive indices of the light. The most affordable material will be plexiglass, and the most suitable in its characteristics is the usual polycarbonate. The best materials for the manufacture of the panel will be materials having a high level of light transmission. If you use plexiglas, then in the process of operation, you can monitor the contacts in the system.

Installation of the Solar Battery Case

If we talk about the standard manufacture of one solar battery, then it involves the use of 36 photocells with 150x81 mm plates. During the calculation of the dimensions, it is necessary to take into account the presence of gaps between the elements of 3-5 mm, which will be necessary when the frame size changes under the influence of atmospheric phenomena. The size of the workpiece with the admitted tolerances will be 690x835 mm and the width of the corner in the frame 35 mm.Solar battery, which will be made using an aluminum profile will be similar to the factory production panel and will provide a high level of tightness, strength and rigidity.

To begin with an aluminum corner, you need to make blanks - frames with dimensions of 690x835 mm. For further fastening of self-tapping screws in the resulting frame, you need to make holes. Then the inner surface of the corners should be applied without skipping silicone sealant. This is quite an important point, because It should not be obtained places that are not filled with silicone. In the resulting frame, you need to put a transparent sheet of plexiglas, a special polycarbonate or anti-reflective glass.

Pay attentionThat Silicon needs to dry, otherwise evaporation will create an excess film on the photocells.

The stacked glass is needed with carefully press the frame and fix. For good fixation, the fasteners must be performed throughout the perimeter of the frame. Everything, the skeleton of the solar battery is almost made.

We select and solder elements

Also on the same eBay or other similar store you can purchase solar cells that have already soldered conductors. Be sure to appreciate your abilities, because Solding contacts in such a design is quite a complex process. Responsibility is still increasing due to the fragility of the elements.

If nevertheless decided to suck the items on their own, then for starters, the conductor must be cut with a cardboard blank and decompose on the photocell accuracy. Then it is necessary to apply acid and solder to the soldering point. For more convenient operation, press the explorer with a heavy item. Next, the conductor should be accurately soldered to the photocell, but do not overcover fragile crystals. According to the specified standards on the conductor, the silver spraying is obliged to withstand three soldering.

Collect the elements of the solar battery

When you make the first assembly to use the placed substrate, which will help to place the items exactly relative to each other. The base is performed from plywood, be sure to mark the corners of the structure. After the soldering on the battery elements on the opposite direction, you need to fix a piece of ribbon for mounting and to transfer them in this way. Sealing only connecting parts.

Next, elements need to be laid on the surface of the glass. Do not forget to leave the distance between the elements and press them with cargo. Skip spend on the applied electrical scheme. The positive tracks must be placed on the front side, and the minus - with the reverse. Poss all silver contacts. On this principle, connect all photocells. On the extreme elements of the contact panel you need to withdraw a plus and minus on the bus. It is recommended to create a "medium" point - using two additional shunt diodes. The terminal is installed on the outside of the frame. For output wires, an acoustic cable can be used in isolation. After soldering, all the wires must be fixed with silicone. After assembling, the solar panels as the main problem have the quality of the contacts of the contacts. That is why experts recommend testing before sealing, which needs to be performed in each group of elements when soldered.

If the literate design of the entire system is performed, it is to provide sufficient battery power. During the calculation of the whole design, it should be borne in mind that during the manufacture of one solar battery you need to use only solar modules of some sizes, because In the system, the maximum current is limited to the current of the smallest element.

Standard calculations make it clear that at a rather sunny day from one meter of the panel, approximately 120 W power is obtained. Naturally, such a power will not even work on a computer, but the panels 10 meters will already provide 1 kW of energy, which will give you the opportunity to give energy for the main appliances in the house. On average, for a family takes about 300 kW per month, therefore a system that is optimally installed on the south side with dimensions of 20 meters will ensure the electricity of family needs. To optimize the use of electricity in the lighting, it is recommended to use LED or luminescent light bulbs. How to pick up similar bulbs, for example, you can read for the stretch ceiling.

Solar panels are becoming increasingly popular among alternative power supplies. However, in our conditions, their price is most often overestimated, so using all available materials and the necessary instructions can be collected a solar panel with your own hands.

Video

And this video is represented by the process of assembling solar battery.