Before cutting, the flowers are abundantly watered and give them the opportunity to dry up (otherwise brown spots may appear). From a physiological point of view, the best time cut is a late noon, when in the leaves in large quantities contains carbohydrates accumulated during the day. But on the other hand, in the summer, at this time, the air temperature increases significantly, which is harmful to colors. Therefore, in the summer, the most favorable time for cutting is an early morning or late evening. For example, roses in the winter are recommended to cut off the afternoon, and in the summer - in the early morning.

For each type of flower products, its optimal cutting period is characteristic. In many cases, it coincides with the earliest stage (phase) of the development of flower-bootonization. Inside each culture, the cutting time is determined by species and varietal features of plants. So, individual varieties vary greatly by ability to open from bud. The more petals, for example, in roses buds, the slower they are revealed. Therefore, the stronger the terrace of flowers is expressed, the more late stage of ripening they are cut. Otherwise, the flowers in the vase can not at all.

In addition, the lifespan of flowers in a cut-off state affects the season of year in which they are grown. A significant reduction in the resistance of summer colors is associated with an increased temperature during their growing season. The greatest lifespan of both in water and in the preparation "Bud" have carnations cut into winter and spring-autumn periods. For example, the carnation is maintained in water in spring, in winter and autumn 7 days, in the preparation "Bud" in the spring and autumn -20, winter -23 day. In summer, the life expectancy of flowers in water decreases to 6.5 days, in the preparation - up to 17 days. The life expectancy of spring and autumn roses in water is 3.5 days, in the preparation "Bud" - respectively 10 and 11 days. Roses cut in summer, there are only 2.5 days in water, in a nutritional solution 9 days.

So, roses Cut in phase of painted bud and half a random. But dense varieties (Baccarat) They are revealed slower, so they are collected later - with the appearance of petals. Moreover, the cups on the flowers of these varieties must be completely bent down, and the outer petals are released.

Carnation, Cut in the phase barely colored bud, it is not disclosed in water, as for further growth and development, the flower does not have enough energy potential, which can be provided only due to the influx of nutrient elements from the root evatum. The most suitable for cutting stage of development is the half aplex phase, when the external petals are rejected by the outside at right angles. If in the summer during the period of mass flowering, the cloves are not cut on time, then at relatively high air temperature and good natural lighting after 2-3 days in the greenhouse, the massive opening of flowers, which quickly lose product quality, that is, the so-called peppervet is formed.

Daffodss Remove in the stage of buds or during the start of the dissolution, when the flowers have the shape of the goose neck. Tulips cut when forming barely painted buds, lilies - with one blossomed flower (its buds are revealed alternately), freesy - With the disclosure of the first buds.

Sweet pea Cut at a time when half of the flowers are revealed in the brushes and accordingly in inflorescences. Levko Take out of the ground with the root when the inflores bloomed half. Lilac It is advisable to cut briefly, in the stage of the brush, blossoming more than half. Flox Use for a bouquet when half of the inflorescences bloom.

Chrysanthemum It is customized to cut off with fully developed tongue flowers, after the green color disappearance in the middle of the inflorescence. Qinnia Remove in full dissolution.

Often, potted cultures are used on the cut. Wherein altermeria cut off with the disclosure of the first buds in inflorescence, and azalia Remove with a bush with a disclosure of several flowers. Primulus Cut when half of the flowers fall on the stem. Flowers and leaves cyclamen It's pulling out of the pot until the foundation so that the club does not leave the penkov, the stems up to half are caught along the razor. Cineroray. Cut is cut when more than half of the flowers in the inflorescence opened, but pollen has not yet matured in the central.

To extend the lives of cut colors, the correct removal from the plant plays a major role. Roses And the cultures similar to it are cut off with a sharp secateur. The lower leaves are removed, since they emit harmful substances (polyphenols) in water, contributing to the rapid fading of flowers. Carnations When collecting is not cut, but climbed in nodes. This achieves the speed of collection and avoids the transfer of disease. After removing the flower it is better to pull out from the garter down, so as not to damage the foliage and escape. Daffodss and tulips Also easily are fluttered without the use of a knife or a secaterator.

Flowers are recommended to collect only in a dry state. Many cultures during cutting are isolated adhesive juice, therefore, the tips of the stems are desirable 5-10 ° C. coating with hot water (95 ° C). AdianTum, Poinsettia And some other plants allocate milky juice, which also quickly clogs conductive poys. The ends of the stems of these plants split and at least 10 s cacked in the flame of the candle or gas burner. After heat treatment, flowers are placed in cold boiled water.

Flower-lovers engaged in implementing their products before placing it for storage, should be correctly treated with plants. Primary processing cut-off flowers are usually as a rule, for 24-48 hours before implementation. During this period, the plants receive a sufficient supply of water and carbohydrates, which helps them to transfer subsequent packaging, transportation and period of implementation.

First, the flowers are rapidly transferred to the room with a reduced temperature (10 ... 15 0 c) and an increased relative humidity of air (70-90%). Here they are distributed in species, varietal and trade notes.

For sorting, a table of the M-shaped form is convenient. After binding the stems, if necessary, clipped with special scissors consisting of spacer cutting sides, compressed at the top by pressing handle. Next to scissors in the table plane there is a hole through which the cut ends are discharged into the basket.

Flowerons designed for long-term storage are released from lower and unnecessary leaves. This is necessary in order to minimize the surface of evaporation and reduce the unwanted contact of the leaves with water or nutrient solution. Uniform in quality Flowers are collected in bundles of 25-50 pcs., The tips of the stems are re-cut under water with a sharp secateur or knife and placed in the vessels with a nutrient solution. Repeated trimming under water is required: This eliminates the possibility of clogging the conducting paths of the color-free air, oxidation, salts, bacteria, etc. Only after re-trimming, cut flowers can actively suck water or nutrient solution and restore the turgor, and therefore decorativeness.

Color vessels should be made of neutral non-oxidal material and necessarily clean. It is necessary to remember both the biological incompatibility of most plant species.

If the flowers are preserved without water, then the bundles are tied with twine in one or two places (depending on the length of the stem) and package (best in porous materials that can absorb moisture and not to prevent gas exchange). For this purpose, a wrapping or two-layer waterproof paper is suitable.

Cellofan and polyethylene films are distinguished by insignificant porosity or do not have it at all, therefore contribute to the accumulation of a large amount of moisture in a closed space of a package or burgter. As a result, the rotor microflora is beginning to develop inside the package, which is degrading with vegetable tissues. In addition, ethylene, accelerating planting, accumulates inside packets from such materials. After the content in cellophane or polyethylene packaging, the flowers in room conditions are in water only 1-2 days, and roses this period is sometimes reduced to several hours.

Therefore, cellophane or polyethylene packaging is used only with long-term cold (dry) storage of colors or when placing them into a nutrient solution (wet storage). Previously in the film makes holes for ethylene and water vapor. Similarly, the packaging foil, also limiting evaporation.

Often flowers designed for sale are placed in boxes. They must be pure and made of durable, lightweight and moisture-resistant material. Such requirements are responsible corrugated cardboard, which also contributes to the best air exchange than the usual one. The length of the boxes should allow a completely free location of straight stems, otherwise the flowers placed in the lower rows quickly lose its turn. Bundles or separate inflorescences in the box are usually placed in opposite sides. But the ranks of large crops (for example, chrysanthemums) better shift each other relative to each other. Cut flowers placed by rows, fix cardboard strips. True, it is necessary to increase the length of the boxes.

After sorting and packaging, the colors are placed on storage or implement. For long distances, they are better to transport themselves with the automatics with adjustable temperatures. When transporting flowers by aircraft, the temperature inside the boxes can increase, resulting in the extraction of ethylene by plants, or decay much. Flowers who were subjected to such an effect over 2 hours are irreversibly damaged.

Thus, the flower products engaged in the implementation of their products should know the temperature at which cut flowers should be transported. For example, for 1 day, carnations can be transported at a temperature of 0 ... 10 0 C, 1-3 days - at 0 ... 5, 3 days - at 1 ... 3 "s; roses, respectively at 0 ... 12, 0..5 and 1 ... 3 ° C; Tulips - at 0 ... 15, 0 ... 7 and oh..z ° C; Narcissus, Iris, Chrysanthemum, Asparagus - at 0 ... 15, 0 ... 10 and ... 5 ° C; freesia - at 0 ... 10, 0.5 and 0 ... 3 0 S.

On the eve of the main spring holiday, we studied how cut-down flowers on the environment affect, and found out that they need to be refused, in favor of trees, eco-bags or other eco-friendly or just practical gifts.

The holiday of March 8, each is associated with flowers. A bouquet has become a symbol of this day. The day before, the excitement begins in flower shops. But no one even thinks that the cultivation, processing, transportation of an indispensable amount of artificially grown roses, orchids and other, beautiful plants have a detrimental effect on the environment.

Russia is one of the largest importers of colors in the world, it ranks 6th in the overall list. The main importers of flowers to Russia are Netherlands (about 45%), Ecuador (over 36%) Colombia (about 13%). In practice, this means that up to 90% of all colors in our country - imported.

The volume of the cut colors in Russia in physical terms amounted to 1.75 billion pieces in 2013. For 2015, market experts predict to 2.15 billion. In monetary terms, this was: in 2013, 116.6 billion rubles, in 2014 - 134 billion rubles, in 2015 the expected market income is projected at 160, 8 billion rubles. The approximate cost of one rose in the Netherlands can be 10-50 cents, and then, as the price approaches the buyer, the price may increase in 3-4 or more times, depending on the season. The profitability of the flower business is high enough and 2000% can begin, and on holidays you can get up to 10% of the annual revenue. It turned out that trade of cut colors is also cost-effective as drug trafficking.

How does flower business affect the environment, and how much do they earn on this short-term entertainment?

We studied the entire life cycle of a cut flower and expressed it in a visual scheme, indicating all the steps and exposure to nature (clicking on the picture, you will open it in full size).

You just imagine: Flowers cut off, then they need to be delivered through a whole network of suppliers - most colors are held by an international auction in Holland, to which they get by plane. Air transport is very expensive from the point of view of fuel and energy, all these costs in this case occur for such a short-lived gift. From Holland, flowers fly by plane or ride trucks to Russia. Tens of thousands of trucks who carry flowers from the auction, across the border, on the wholesale terminal and further to the retail store produce millions of cubic meters of exhausts, burning millions of fuel liters. All the time of transit flowers are carried out in special powerful refrigerators, in order to preserve the freight look longer, but these refrigerators are an incredibly energy-cost-age thing. Despite this, half of the colors simply do not reach the point of sale and becomes how you could have guess, garbage.

When the Russian border crossing the Russian border of the goods is selectively checked by Rosselkhoznadzor, because to check completely all boxes are not possible. At the same time, the flowers are tested only for malicious insects, bacteria, fungus, and so on (which still sometimes fall with imports into the country), but not on their environmental safety and safety for the consumer.

For delivery takes several days at best, then the goods fall into the retail store. There, in addition to the use of already mentioned preservatives and refrigerators, the flowers will be wrapped in a huge amount of packaging, which in the overwhelming majority of cases is made of plastic. This plastic is not processed, which means, literally after a few days will go to the landfill, where it will lie without decaying, hundreds of years. The flowers themselves will delight the final consumer for only 3 days, a maximum of a week, after which they will also go on a trash can, where they will decompose with the allocation of all accumulated chemicals and a large number of greenhouse gases.

What do we get in the end? A huge mountain of environmental problems (which in the end is extremely negatively affecting the health of people), for which we ourselves pay money, and considerable, for the sake of dubious "pleasure", habits or because of the society's pressure? Why do you need it? There are many alternatives to colors. For example, flowers in a pot who will delight the recipient of the gift much longer. And even better - to give a tree, especially since it is simpler simple: there are special services where you can order a registered landing online. Agree that the tree is much better expressing your feelings for the addressee, because it will live and delight hundreds of years!

Or as an option, you can make another eco-friendly gift, such as eco-bag, eco-friendly cleaning agents or home cosmetics, which we will tell later.

Growing room plants, each gardener is sooner or later faced with the whole army of pests. To get to the homeflowers, they can be from the soil, from the street or from the new plants brought to the house.

To give your pets timely help, you need to know enemies in the face. So, we will get acquainted with the five most common pests of indoor plants.

Aphid

The trouble is a small insect of green or brown. The pest body has an ovoid shape, and its length is even in the largest individuals does not exceed 2 mm. The wave has long legs, but moves very slowly.

Usually this insect shams on the stems and leaves of plants. Thanks to the special device of the oral apparatus, puzzles the plant tissue, and sucks juice from the flower, which serves her food. Lives big colonies. The word is very fruit: One, randomly listed females, and after a very short time on the plant will dig about fifty of these pests. Often amazes home plants in the spring.

Signs of infection

It is dangerous to the fact that he strongly relaxes the flower, reducing its resistance to diseases. In addition, the pest itself is a carrier of many viral diseases.

Plants affected by Toi can be found in the following features:

• the leaves are yellow and twisted;
• buds do not develop at all, or from them the ugly flowers are formed;
• on the leaves you can detect a sticky flare, which becomes an excellent environment for the growth and reproduction of fungi.

Noticing these signs on their home plant, first of all, it is necessary to examine it carefully. Usually the fault is located on the back of the sheet, on the tops of young shoots, as well as on buds and flowers.

Measures of struggle

• If the number of pests is small, you can simply collect and destroy insects by hand, and then process the plant with a warm solution of economic soap.
• In the case of severe defeat, Tli will have to tinker.
• First of all, it is necessary to isolate the diseased plant from the rest, as the TLL is very quickly spread.
• Espare on which there is a large cluster of insects, the easiest way to trim and destroy.
• The remaining part of the plant with a bruster is purified from pests and washed with warm soap solution.
• Then, the plant is 3-4 times every 5 days must be processed using one of the means:
  • soap-tole mortar;
  • infusion of tobacco, dandelion, wormwood, pyzhma, garlic;
  • pyrethrum: It can be dissolved in water (2 g per liter), and can be polled by powder;
  • sprinkle a plant with dry ash, gray, tobacco;
  • if nothing helped, you will have to use industrial chemicals, for example: Karate, Fas, Inta-Vir, Hostavik, Spark, Aktellik and others.

When going to apply chemicals, remember that the failure is adapted to them quickly. Therefore, each particular drug cannot be used more than 3-4 times in one season.

When dealing with tool, you can use the people's councils: to post next to the contaminated plants of the bushes of pelargonium. The pest does not endure it and disappear in a few days.

Nematode

Nematode is called tiny round worms, the size of which does not exceed 2 mm. They love to live in a humid environment, hitting all parts of the plant. Stiletto is pierced by plant fabrics and a digestive enzyme is introduced, which interferes normally function to the affected organ. As a result, the plant ceases to develop, it deforms the stem, and dried up the kidneys. We multiply, laying eggs.

Views

Root

Root nematodes is a non-shurry, a characteristic feature of which is galla formation on plant roots for reproduction. The males have a worm-like look, and the length of their body is about 2 mm, they can quickly move. The female is short and thick, grow up to 1 mm.

Having created Gaul, motionless sit in it, and laying off the eggs. Root nematodes are able to affect up to 2 thousand different types of plants.

On the infection of the plant with the root nematode indicates the formation of a round or irregular form of bloats, which can be seen, clearing the roots from the soil.

Stem

From the soil of worms, stelee nematodes are embedded through the root into the plant's stem, causing thickening on the affected areas. The plant affected by the stem nematode has an ugly form, and the affected shoots die with time.

Sheet

These are colorless, quickly moving worms, with a body length up to 1 mm. Representatives of this species lead their livelihoods on the above-ground parts of the plants, fully developing on one copy to its complete death.

Symptoms of infection with leaf nematodes are the appearance of yellow spots on the leaves of plants. Over time, the stains are darker, and the leaf itself dries out.

Measures of struggle

Having found on any home plant signs of infection with nematoda, the easiest way to destroy it.

Cherver Muffer

It is a sucking insect covered with a white wax chain. It was obtained due to the characteristic white discharge, similar to cotton. The size of the insect depending on the variety varies from 0.5 to 12 mm. In the milderbird, sexual dimorphism is well developed.

The males have wings and well-developed limbs, the tail processes are visible on the trouser. Due to the fact that adult male individuals do not eat, they have no mouth.

The females of the majority of varieties are laying off eggs, but some species are vivigatory. Eggs are put into white cocoons from wax yarns. Cherry fertility is very high - some females are capable of producing up to 4 generations per year.

First age larvae are able to actively move around the plant, but the mobility is losing. The ability to move is restored after molting.

Chervers bring harm to plant sucking his juices. Because of this, the growth of the plant ceases, and then his death occurs.

Signs of defeat

The presence of mild cherry is easy to recognize the presence of a wax appaled plating. Another feature can serve as special sugar discharges and the fungus.

Measures of struggle

With a light form of damage, it suffices to clear the plant from insects and their wax sections with a soft brush and soap solution. Then the flower is sprayed with an infusion of garlic, a solution of green soap or a decoction of cyclamen. The spray procedure must be carried out 3 times every 7 days. A good effect can be obtained by processing the plant with alcohol tincture of calendula or ordinary alcohol.

If the defeat is quite serious, then besides the mechanical impact on the pest, that is, the collection is manually, the plant will need to make it possible to make solutions of the following chemicals: Aktara, PhyTenerm, Calypso, confident, Testa.

It is possible to protect against milderry Cherwell, if water procedures should be regularly organized. This pest tolerate cannot be moisture and prefers dry places.

It is a winged insect, the size that usually does not exceed 3 mm. His wings are covered with white mild ripples. The larva of this pest has a yellowish color and red eyes. The transformation of the larvae into an adult plant takes about days for 20. Wholes are multiplied very quickly: fertility of females can reach up to 280 pieces.

Harmful

Mounts on the bottom of the sheet. Adult insects and their larvae suck the juice from the fabrics of flowers, thereby causing it first its wilt, and then the complete fat leaves. In addition, the adhesive discharges covering the surface of the leaves becomes a favorable environment for the development of all sorts of fungal diseases.

Measures of struggle

Bellenka - the pest flying, which greatly complicates the situation. The following ways to deal with it are well helped:

1. With weak infection of insects and their larvae can be collected by hand. It is best to do it cool in the morning until the pests are kept.
2. Adult insects can be caught, waving sticky traps for flies next to flowers. Also, frightened insects can easily be collected using a vacuum cleaner.
3. Since whiteflies love heat and dryness, after collecting insects, you can rinse the leaves of the plant with a warm soap solution.
4. The following method helps well: the plant must be packaged in a transparent plastic bag, tolding it at the base of the pot. Only before it is necessary to moisten the plant from the spray gun.
5. In the case of severe damage, the plant is treated with insecticides: fufanon, decis, accility, intavir.

Cobed tick

Measures of struggle

If the plant is not affected by the mechanical way to control the pest: the accumulation of insects is removed manually, and then the plant is processed by a warm soap solution or decoction of cyclamen tubers.

With a strong lesion, it will be necessary to take advantage of special drugs: fufan, accomplishing, insane, phytodeterm, sulfur, agravertin. Processing must be repeated 3-4 times every 7-10 days.

In my garden, roses grow and a wave appears almost every spring. Always saved from her simple ash. As soon as I notice the word, I immediately sprinkle all the leaves and the shelter barrel. Also sprinkle on the ground around the plant. For prevention, you can sprinkle nearby bushes. And so I repeat a few days in a row, since the wind can blow ash, or the rain can wash away everything.

And I could not overcome the web tick, spoiled several rose bushes. A week after noticed the cob, it began to spray with a dusty solution, filmed insects and the web itself by hand. Rosets were started to move away, then they drown out again. As a result, it never happened to reanimate. I got too late for treatment? Or did something did wrong?

There is a way, and not one, save the flowers in almost the priority form. We are talking about preserving colors in glycerin, gelatin and, of course, salts. What canning can do without salt! The last method is suitable only for compositions in closed vessels and does not imply pulling the flower from the solution ..

I note at once, the flowers in gelatin and glycerin remain the same flexible and only slightly change the color. Become more faded. If you want to get a truly magic result, do not pull. And as soon as you get a bouquet as a gift, tele several flowers for canning. The only "but" - too young foliage canning with glycerin is not amenable to

It is better to take dense, not too young flowers. Oddly enough, too young foliage canning with glycerin is not amenable. Excess leaves are better to remove immediately. Carefully consider the flower, which decided to put it. If you see damaged petals and leaves on it, then such a flower is better not to use. The stem must necessarily trim, remove the skin or bark (if it is a branch of lilac or an apple tree, for example) approximately 7 cm from the bottom and breed. It is necessary so that the solution is better penetrated into the flower.

Glycerin is divorced by water in the ratio: 1 part of glycerol to 2 parts of hot water. The resulting liquid is poured into a jar, a vase, any other beautiful vessel at a height of about 20 cm and removed into a dark cool place. Penetrating into the leaves, glycerin sucks their liquid and the glycerol is replaced by glycerin evaporating from the leaves and moisture stems. The fluid level should be maintained, therefore, as drying, the solution must be addressed. This concerns only open containers.

In closed vessels, the level is practically not changing. On full impregnation leaves from two weeks to two months, depending on the size and thickness of the stems. But the result is worthy of admiration! For this it is necessary to gain patience and wait. Consolidated in this way of plants, retain their elasticity and flexibility and do not require special care, they can be wiped with a dust wet cloth.

On full impregnation leaves two weeks to two months, but the result obtained certainly admires!

You can preserve and separate leaves. It takes much less time from 2 to 3 weeks. But also need to take into account some features. Fern leaves, for example, after cutting, milk juice are isolated, which can be clogged by moisture channels in the stem. In this case, the end of the stem should hold over the flame until it darkens.

Glycerin guarantees us only the safety of the flower shape. But the color can be "put" yourself.

In order to give plants the necessary color, you need to feed the plants with artificial water-soluble dyes, adding them to the glycerol solution. You can use green, acrylic, oil, silver, colored transparent varnishes, now shops for creativity, provide us with a large range of similar products.

It happens that plants unsuccessfully mothballed and there were white oxidized spots on them, which spoil the appearance of our plants. The situation can be corrected by whitening the plants a couple of days in the following solution:

1. Water 500g.
2. Denaturized alcohol 160g.
3. Acetone 160g.
4. Shangic acid 50g.
5. Acetic acid is 99% -10g.
6. Sodium bisulfate 120g.

Flowers in decorative bottles.

The beauty of these decorative bottles is difficult to convey words. And even a photo cannot completely convey to you their brightness and tenderness.

To create a composition, you need a transparent bottle of beautiful shape. It must be well to wash and disinfected with boiling water. Plants can be laid immediately, breaking the stem, and pour the glycerol and water with a solution in proportion 1: 2. For a better effect before bookmarking in a bottle of plants, you can put a few days to such a solution so that they will be impregnated with them. Then lay the flowers in a bottle, carefully paint them, carefully flood with a solution and hermetically sealing the neck. Gorelshko can be additionally decorated with twine, ribbon or pour with a surhum

Fresh roses or petals, dahlias, lilies, chrysanthemums, etc. are well suited for decorating bottles. At the same time, the bottle can lay shells, beads, strung on the thread, small statuettes, beautiful buttons. Live flowers can be replaced with artificial ones.

Another reliable preservative is a strong solution of gelatin with sugar, approximately 1/1. You can also use a very strong saline.

Flowers in a bottle or bank can not be put on a tight, they should hide inside the sount. Compositions inside the bottle may be different, but sometimes one flower is enough.

Method with salt.
It is necessary to cut, ready to dismiss the buds of roses in such a way that the flowers remained the colors. The cooking salt is calcined on the cast-iron pan until it turns into a very small dry powder. After you need to take a tin box and pour a layer of the already calcined salt on the bottom. It is necessary to put buds on the salt, but so that they do not in any way come into contact with each other. The buds will fall asleep to the top, after which the box needs to be sealed. When fresh flowers are needed, roses should be taken out of the box, carefully clean from salt, slit stem and put it into the water. They will come to life and dissolve. It can be done differently: pour the calcined salt into the cardboard box, put flowers there, fall asleep them as salt, then close the lid, put the box in a plastic bag and remove into a cool place. In this case, when fresh flowers are needed, you need to get plants out of the box and omitted them for 2 hours into a bath or a bucket with warm water for two hours.

Many gardeners dream to learn from living and dried plants.

Plants lovingly grown in the garden, as well as collected in the field or in the forest, can be used to compile a variety of floral compositions.

To compile floral compositions that will delight for a long time, fresh cut plants must be subjected to special processing.
It can be:
- (natural, plane, volume);
- exposure to plants in different ways (ferry, boiling water, paraffin or glycerin);
- discoloration of plants;
- painting of vegetable material;
- crystallization of plants;
- ;
- twist and bending branches.

For most collected plants intended for further processing, the main requirement is to protect against moisture. Therefore, it is necessary to collect vegetable material in dry sunny weather.
True, there are rare exceptions that are dictated by the peculiarities of certain types of plants.
For example, it preserves its coloring, if you put a plant for a couple of days in water before drying.
And the stammer dried right in a water vase fully retains his decorativeness.

When dried in a vase without water, it looks beautiful. But, for example, the homophrenas and at the same time the stem becomes broken.

Processing of plants by steam and boiling water

Ferry treatment can be given the necessary bending with stems of dry plants, straighten the petals, return the pomp and the combination of inflorescences (solidago, etc.).

The treatment of the collected material with boiling water allows for a long time to preserve some types of plants.

For example, to preserve fluffy, plant patterns are cut off when they have already formed parachutes, but the white ball has not yet revealed.
A thin wire is injected into the cut hollow stem dandelion, slightly piercing the base of the basket. On the other end of the wire make a hook. Then the flower head is lowered into boiling water (for 10-15 seconds), while the seeds are fixed "welded" to the color.
After that, the dandelions are suspended for the hook to the rope, which is pre-boding the plant's stalks in accordance with the idea. Dandelion drying, dandelion balls will open!
And if you first add an aniline dye to boiling water, then fluffy balls of dried dandelions will become colorful!

Paraffin plants treatment

Processing of molten paraffin is also very effective for preserving plants.
For example, the large balloons of the Kotorogennik can be saved by injected by a syringe without a needle melted paraffin inside the baskets, right through the hollow plants.

For the convenience of storage, there are short stems from the case treated with paraffin. And before putting into the composition, the stalks of the dried flowers of other plants are lengthened (for example, closures of garlic, cane stems, shrubs branches) or simply wire.

Blooming plants

Plant bleaching is used to obtain a white decorative material.
This process can be divided into two stages: discoloration and directly bleaching.

For discoloration of the plant placed in a warm solution of chlorine lime (0.8%) with soda (0.4%). Capacity are covered and kept at room temperature 4-6 days. The solution is drained when the plants immersed in it become bluish white.
The plants are then poured with a 1% solution of chlorine lime without soda, in which they are finally bleached.
The elevated plants are dried.

Staining plants

Staining plants - widespread reception in florists.
Since in winter compositions often lacks color, then vegetable material is painted.

For coloring plants, you can use color aerosol cans with a spray device, a vacuum cleaner or an airbrush (a special device for applying a thin layer).
This way paints both dry and alive floral material.
Plants can be painted with a tassel using a gouache or water-free paint of the desired tone.

For example, it looks in compositions and wreaths painted leaves.
Very beautiful boxes and flax painted with gold, bronze or silver paint.

Dry flowers can be immersed in a solution with acetone (from the calculation of 3 g per 1 liter of water) and to withstand to the desired degree of painting.

Live white cloves and put in ink solution acquire the corresponding color. The intensity of the color of flowers depends on the concentration of the ink solution.

Crystallization of plants

Plant crystallization can be carried out in several ways.

In order to obtain crystalline plants, they can be kept in the oversaturated hot solution of the table salt before cooling until their surface cover the layer of small crystals. And if the salt solution to cut an aniline dye, then the plant will be color.

The brighter is achieved with the velocity of dry material with a boiling solution of alum (at the rate of 500 g per 1 liter of water). Or immerse plants in a hot solution of alum, withstanding to cool and form major beautiful crystals.

To obtain a blue crystal crystals on plants, a suspension solution of a copper might of room temperature is used.

Plant preservation in glycerin

Perfectly retains plants.
Preservation of plants in glycerin allows you to get elastic and elastic, dark green, dark burgundy or brown leaves with oil glitter.
Glycerol plants treated without noticeable sweating for a long time (2-3 years).

Preparation of glycerin solution for plant treatment is not much difficult. Take one part of the glycerol, mix it with 2-3 parts of hot (60-70 degrees) of water. In the cooked solution, leaves, stalks or branches of plants with leaves are immersed.
Hold plants in glycerol solution for 2-3 weeks, then dried.

It is well preserved in glycerin plants with leathery leaves:, Magonia Padoliste, Oak, and others.