Happy holiday, Cuba! (School of War and Survival). Cuban "Black Osse" stiffely

Today, April 19, on the island of freedom holiday! Their individual Victory Day. Pyatdysyat one year ago, the Cuban people inflicted a crushing defeat of the United States in the battle of the small town of Playa Chiriron in the cochinos bay on the southern shores of Cuba. We have more events are more known as "Operation in the Gulf of Pigs".

Then, in 1961, Cubans managed to smash the so-called "Brigade 2506" in 72 hours - military formation from Cuban emigrants, prepared under the guidance of the CIA for the invasion of Cuba ((4 infantry, tank and airborne battalions, a heavy artillery division and special division - only 1500 people ). Of the 1350 of the interventory, landed on the shore of Cochinos, 1173 were in captivity, the rest were destroyed.

There were decades, but a small country continues to live her life chosen by her. Life in the constant waiting for a possible war with a terrible, well armed and uniquely stronger opponent. You have never thought, why the US with ease of conducting military operations in all corners of the world, still not "brought democracy" into Cuba? Although periodically voiced by this desire!

The answer is simple - the Americans are very well imagine what it will cost them ...

The current revolutionary armed forces of Cuba (Span. Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Cuba, or just FAR), who grew up from the rebel army, which operated under the slogan "Motherland or Death!" - Today, according to the level of training personnel, the state of technology, its content is one of the best in the world, and is definitely in Latin America. At the same time, of course, nor in numbers or on the equipment modern species It is impossible to name it. In the 90s, in the conditions of the terrain of economic difficulties, FAR was significantly reduced. However, today they are very combed, have high training of officers and the high moral spirit of the whole personnel. Far is completed on the basis of a call to the actual military service, the period of which is 1 year. At the same time, no delay does not exist, in addition to the state of health. They serve in Far and men, and women (they serve purely voluntarily, and there are a lot of them in the army a lot of 20%, there are helicopter shelves and tank companies in Cuba, where only women are exclusively).

Numerous tourists visiting Cuba and do not guess that there are dys and fortification structures near the beautiful beaches and in the shade of luxury palm trees, and in numerous karst caves, which are so rich in Cuba are disguised firepoints and storage bases of military equipment (in Cuba up to 70 % of the military equipment is on storage, but it is ready for immediate use - tanks, BTR, BMP, SAU, self-propelled air defense facilities - is kept by the secondary (Besareno), together with the ammunition and batteries and so on and so on - nothing if necessary is required to receive where -To in stock - it is ready for combat use immediately. The technique is covered, and for it the necessary conditions have been created: the average annual temperature of + 21 ° and optimal humidity. For this, the repositories have very expensive import equipment).

In 1980, the Military Doctrine of Freedom Island, who bears the eloquent name "Nationwide War" was officially announced in 1980 by the Supreme Commander Fidel Castro Rus. And Cubans turned their country into one powerful rejection and the base of the universal partisan war.

Millions of people participate in the performance of this task, and they are not only human personnel, but also civilians. All of them are combined into the folk police system of territorial troops covering the entire national territory of the island. These folk forces in close cooperation with the regular army are ready at any time to turn around at the fighting theater to successfully resist any aggressor. This means that in the event of an attack on the country, not only the country's armed forces will fight the enemy, but also the civilian population - everyone who is able to keep the weapon.

Such a doctrine suggests that not only any soldier, but every civilian island defense participant must know his maneuver well, that is, where in the hour "x" to go that on arrival at the place to do. Cubans argue that in the case of aggression on their territory, more than 1,400 zones and ruffles of defense will be activated! Cuba, according to Raul Castro, will turn to the enemy to an axis nest!

All measures for the possible reflection of aggression are periodically work on the overall exercises "Bastion". These maneuvers take place on Cuba once a few years and they take part in both military personnel and civilian population, and - in quantities more than the army! I must say that the Russian army did not dream (after the collapse of the USSR) maneuvers of this scale! For example, about 100 thousand servicemen, about 400 thousand reservists, and millions of civilians took part in the teachings "Bastion 2004". For comparison: in the Sook-2010 who spent the Russian teachings, up to 20 thousand soldiers took part, about 12 thousand servicemen of the two countries took part in the joint teachings of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and Belarus, in the exercises of the Center 2011 "12 thousand servicemen ...

The nearest teachings "Bastion" Cubans are planning this year, timing them to the elections in the United States.

But today I would like to tell about Cuban professionals, which we have extremely little known!

So, who lives in the promised Fidel for any conqueror "Osin nest"?

Cuba special forces - Tropas Especiales "Avispas Negras", or simply - black wasps.

It was originally created to ensure personal security Fidel Castro and other heads of the Cuban Revolution and is officially a division of the Ministry of the Interior. It was originally included fighters already who had already had serious experience in the partisan and rebel struggle in various countries of Latin America, many of them fought together with Che Havar, including in Congo, they fought with supporters of Batista and in the Cuba itself. But very soon they were in demand outside the territory of the island of freedom. At personal disposition of Fidel Castro, special forces soldiers began to assist revolutionary movements abroad. It was the first in November 1975 that were sent to Angola, they fought along with our "military advisers" in Ethiopia and in Mozambique and TD., In many countries of Central America (including Nicaragua). They fight today (of course - unofficially), the United States stated that the fighters of the Black OS supported committees to protect the revolution in Ecuador in 2010.

Cuban special forces "black wasps" specializes in jungle fighting. For today, some experts believe that this is the most efficient special forces in the conditions of tropics and individual preparation of individual fighters has no analogues in terms of its complexity.

In 1980, the training center was opened in Cuba (Cubans call him "School" - Escuela Nacional de Tropas Especiales Baragua) special purpose In the city of Los Palacios, in Pinar Province Del Rio. The training center, known as "Baragua" :) occupies a fairly large territory, there are several artificial reservoirs and swamps. There is a mockup of urban streets in real sizes, a network of underground communications and so on. At the same time, training and retraining of about 2500 people are trained in the training center - not only the "black wasps" but also parachute troops and marine infantry. However, not all cadets are Cubans. Like teachers - since 2000. In Baragua "On Exchange", several NAK officers (Chinese army) are taught as instructors, and so on.

In the center of Baragua, fighters teach the tactics of fighting in the jungle, survival in difficult conditions and infiltration into the enemy's territory, sabotage, combat martial arts, special sniper actions, parachute and diving training, and the psychological and information war.

Hand-to-hand preparation is based primarily on the basis of "karate-operetiva", the style developed by the officer Raul Rio (he is Domingo Rodriguez Okanendo, Master Dsezinmon Karate). It should be noted that the name of this person is directly related to the preparation of hand-to-handing units of the special purpose of the KGB of the USSR and the preparation of specialists of the GSR GSH MO of the USSR. It was he and his school at one time had a huge impact on our Alpha and "Vympel". Unfortunately. This man did not leave life so long ago, but will remain in memory of very many.

In the tactics of "black wasps" focus mainly on the actions of small groups of diversants or even singles, for a long time of autonomous action on the territory of the enemy and so on. The training program includes a mandatory study of matchasts and arrangements from weapons. Different countriesAnd they enjoy the masterfully. Standard weapons: AKMC, AKMSN (more precisely b is an option to a cube with a silencer and a night sight), AMD-65 (Hungarian Option AK), SVD, AS "Val" and WCS "Virtorez", RPG-7B, APS pistols and APB, PM (produced in Cuba under license) and Czech CZ 75. And much more.

Here they are, "black wasps"!

On Friday, Cuba celebrates the day of the revolutionary Armed Forces of Cuba. On December 2, 1956, the Cuban group led by Fidel Castro landed from the Granma's yacht in the Cuban province of Oriente and the beginning of an armed struggle against the Government of Fulchensio Batista.

Winning the partisan war, Castro began to build a new Cuban army, relying on military assistance THE USSR. At some point, the Armed Forces of Cuba became one of the strongest armies in Latin America, and the policy of "exports of the revolution" allowed the Cuban military to gain valuable experience in the partisan wars in Congo, Bolivia, Argentina, Venezuela and Nicaragua, as well as large-scale hostilities with Application of tanks, artillery and aviation in Angola and Ethiopia.

"In December, about 500 Cuban servicemen arrived on Angola Angola aircraft, including the personal composition of the tank battalion, which under our leadership began to master the T-62. Cubans were competent guys, and by the outcome of 1977, the Cuban battalion on the T-62 was ready for combat use, "recalled the Soviet specialist who participated in an armed conflict in Ethiopia, in an interview with the official newspaper of the Russian Ministry of Defense of Russia" Red Star ".

According to him, Cubans, unlike Africans, were serious, disciplined fighters, which "plugged holes" on the fronts and in Ethiopia, and in Angola.

In Angola, according to the estimates of the publication, from 1975 to 1988 there was a contingent of Cuban troops with a number of up to 58 thousand people. Cuban pilots were also involved in these wars, which successfully solved the combat missions behind the helms of Soviet helicopters Mi-8 and MiG-17 and MiG-21 aircraft.

Now a small Cuban army with outdated Soviet military equipment cannot be filled with the modern armed forces of large global and regional players. Nevertheless, occupying the 79th position in the Global Firepower 2016 rating, Cuba is ahead of, for example, some post-Soviet countries: Georgia, Kyrgyzstan and Estonia.

The fighters of the Cuban Special Forces are particularly fame in the world - "black wasps".

On the official website of the Cuban Ministry of Defense, this unit is almost not mentioned: the National School of Troops of the Special Forces of Baragua is indicated in the list of educational institutions of the Cuban Armed Forces.

"Located to the West of the capital, it fulfills its mission to prepare officers for the special troops of the revolutionary armed forces," the description of this educational institution says. Thanks to the rigor of training and the high level of physical training, the cadet unit becomes graduates of this school, the Cuban military is explained.

If Cuban pilots, sailors or tank workers were taught by Soviet instructors, then the special forces of Fidel Castro with their experience of participation in the partisan movements themselves were engaged in training colleagues from the USSR. This preparation was told in his memoirs a veteran of a special purpose group of the KGB of the USSR "Vimpel" Colonel FSB stock Valery Kiselev.

"The camp was a barrack located in a lowland, surrounded by the hills covered. Local special forces by that time the camp was taken out. It was only 16 "Vimpelovtsy" and several teachers and instructors of Cuban special forces. Other teachers arrived only for classes and after them left for their training camps. Cubans provided the best teachers from different special specials. For all special specialicypins, real aces of their case, "Kiselev wrote in his memoirs.

Cubans were informed by Vympel specialists that they would study at the "Travel of Che Guevara", where the legendary revolutionary trained with his squad before going to Bolivia.

It was a special route with a length of about 7.5 km along the hill 250-300-meter heights around the training camp. Throughout the trails there were training miners, stretch marks and other specials. Cubans taught the special forces of the KGB to pass mine harnesses, neutralize their hands and blindly different types Min, overcome barriers from barbed wire, take clocks, penetrate the warehouses, airfields, barracks, fuel terminals, and so on.

Special attention sophisticated in the partisan wars, Cuban instructors paid to synchronous hidden movement in a bent position in which the fighters were forced to walk for hours. "Going first feeling the lands in front of him to discover mines and stretching. Movement is a trail in the next. It is known that the human eye perceives only fast movement. No one pays attention to slow motion. Therefore, you need to move in this position very slowly and smoothly to instantly measure if the lighting rocket takes off. The fighter is practically merged with environmental"Explained Kiselev.

At night occupations, the KGB officers worked out the movement for 10-12 hours in a row, so that a group of four-five people could penetrate the protected object of the conditional opponent - the fuel terminal, the airfield, the warehouses of the ammunition or the barracks - and destroy it. The group had to crawl very slowly, overcoming mine barriers, special noise obstacles: dry leaves, cane mats, straw, slate debris and barbed wire barrels. Everything is absolutely synchronously and silently.

While the leading group has fallen and neutralized in the complete darkness of the mines, the remaining participants of the group were immortally lay, ignoring ants running around them and other tropical insects.

To protect and secure the fighters, the fighters were smeared by a masking composition of herbs or dirt, and the weapon was processed so as not to give glare.

The preparation of the saboteurs was calculated in such a way that the seven special forces with TNT, min, garnet and machine guns could destroy the opponent's battalion in the barracks (about 400 soldiers and officers) and leave, masking the passages in barriers. The fighters of the Vympel group passed on Cuba courses for a period of three or six months.

Cubans also conducted "urban training": Caidic operations, methods and placements of the basing, secretive movement, observation and care detection - everything in urban conditions.

"Cuban special forces are one of the best specialists in the organization of ambushes and the abductions of people. All of this they trained our officers, "the colonel of the FSB states.

In addition, Cubans taught the special forces of the KGB to open the door and safes. When at the end of the training of Vimpelovtsy, a special integrated occupation was arranged to test the surveyed skills in the presence of General KGB Alexander Lazarenko and Raul Castro, the representative of the Soviet side was surprised by the new skills that demonstrated the fighters trained by Cubans.

Based on the abstracts and reports of fighters about these business trips in Vimpel, allowances were prepared for training Soviet special forces on the Cuban methodology.

According to Kiselev, it was the Cubans for the first time taught "Vimpelovtsev" with new elements of a hand-to-hand fight - combat kata with a machine gun. "Today, such a technical complex is performed by paratroopers. And in a more advanced form. And at that time it was the newest technique of receptions with long-life weapons in hand-to-hand combat. Until that time, even the fighters of the Vympel did not see this and only tried to come up with something similar. Cubans have already been well invented, "the officer told.

In October last year, Fox News TV channel with reference to US officials reported that the Cuban leader Raul Castro sent the fighters of his special purpose forces to Syria to help Bashar Assad. Allegedly Cubans in Syria even delivered Russian transport aircraft, and this to American journalists confirmed the anonymous Arab military who visited Damascus airport. Representative of the Embassy of Cuba in Damascus denied these messages.

16 people flew to Havana. Two groups of seven officers and two heads from the 8th Department of Management "C". Left the plane. Heat. In the shade of degrees 35. In the hall for delegations and VIPs, the airport met with representatives of Cuban special. Tried a real Cuban coffee. Little cup. Literally half aunt. None of them did not try anything more agreetant.
From the airport, we left on passenger cars. Brought to some kind of villa. Mandarins and bananas grow in the garden. In the house air conditioners, a video recorder with a TV. In 1985, in the Soviet Union on the existence of VCRs generally knew units.
Unloaded. We are located. Representatives of the Cuban command arrived. Meet and arranged a friendly dinner. Cubans speak Spanish, but not all "Vimpelovtsy" understand their speech. Language learning was an additional load for what they had to learn.
The first week passed on the villa. Magnificent feeding. Many impressions. "Vimpelovtsy" was taken along Havana. Showed sights. They bathed in the ocean. We visited underwater hunting. We visited the world-famous club-cabaret "Tropican".
Palms growing indoors are highlighted with multi-colored lights and garlands. On stage, 10 black violinists in white tuxedo play the classics and national motifs. There, Cubans taught Russians to drink rum and smoking cigars.
Began view. 200 beautiful semi-nailed girls danced on the stage, between the tables and on special paresses arranged on the highlighted palm trees. This action lasted over two hours.
Everything was healthy and beautiful, but no one has yet guessed that it was only acclimatization.

The rest period ended. We were granted pants for khaki. Slippers. Not very beautiful on the sight of camouflage, although it was convenient to wear it. We changed out, and we were lucky under Havana to the Cuban Special Force training camp.
The camp was a barrack located in a lowline surrounded by the coated hills. Local special forces by that time the camp was taken out. It was only 16 "Vimpelovtsy" and several teachers and instructors of Cuban special forces. Other teachers arrived only for classes and after them left for their training camps. Cubans provided the best teachers from different special specials. For all special exciplines, real aces of their case, but we learned later.
We were informed that we would train on the "Travel of Che Guevara", where he trained with his squad before leaving Bolivia. This trail is a route around the hill around the camp located in the middle. Hill 250-300 meters high with a slope of 30-45 degrees. Upstairs a small plateau with a diameter of meters 15-20, then descent down. Around the perimeter of the camp seven such hills, and the entire trail is 7.5 km long. But that's not all. Throughout the trail - min traps, stretching, various obstacles and all other "charms" of special operations. The form of clothing is one panties (shorts) and without shoes. For the complete pleasure, each "Vimpelove" was given a metal blank with a weighing in a halfway (kilograms 8), remotely resembling the Kalashnikov machine. With the help of a rope (instead of a belt), tied to the "trunk and neck of the butter", it (this piece of iron) was rushing on the neck, and it was impossible to part with it. In addition - a sock with imitation min, which was also issued for weight and hung on a belt.
When we passed the "Che GEVAR trail" for the first time, the camp returned to the "dead." And how well it all began ... "Tropican", rum, cigars, ocean, fishing ...
We were taught to go through the mining barriers, clearance with hands and blindly different types of mines. Pass barbed barbed wire. Remove sentries, penetrate warehouses, airfields, barracks, fuel terminals and a lot.
All this is a travelery with "Che Hevars", physical training and work different ways Movement. One thing is only moving in a bent position of what is worth it! .. Even after 15 minutes, all the muscles begin to hurt. And we were forced to walk so for hours.
To go in this position is absolutely synchronously by the whole group. Going first feeling the legs of the earth in front of him to discover mines and stretching. Movement is a trail in the next. It is known that the human eye perceives only fast movement. No one pays attention to slow motion. Therefore, you need to move in this position very slowly and smoothly to instantly measure if the lighting rocket takes off. The fighter is practically merged with the environment. How much do you need to train to master such a way of movement in perfect!

Or night classes in the challenge. 10-12 hours in a row. The meaning of such a movement is that a group of 4-5 people should penetrate the protected object, for example, in the barracks where the opponent's battalion is located, and destroy it. It can be any object - fuel terminal, airfield or ammunition warehouses. The group moves very slowly, overcoming mine harnesses or special noise obstacles: dry leaves, mats from cane, straw, slate debris. Barbed barbed wire.
The movement of the entire group is completely synchronously and silently. The presenter finds mines, in complete darkness checks them on the unearthness or traps, relieves stretch marks, removes them from the passage or denotes their location. While the presenter disassembles the next "surprise", the whole group lies motionless. And at this time, ants and other insects run on them, which are looking for a place where to bite more more.
Warned Protection of the object closely monitors the entire situation and leaves lighting rockets from time to time. The whole group is namazan with masking makeup of herbs or dirt. Weapons are also processed so as not to give glare. From clothes on every only panties.
Passed a minefield. Then the fence from the barbed wire. It is in the movie Spiny snack and immediately go on. In real life, the wire is superior, and then they are cleared with their hands so that it does not publish a sound. Breaks on the sides with special croups and denote the passage to exit.
After working out such operations, special integrated classes were published on various objects.
How to put a magnetic mine with a clock explosion on a tank that produced empty? Night. Silence. Drive a magnet to the barrel, and sound, like an explosion. Everything, the task was falling, and you "died."
"Destroyed" battalion in barracks. In the waist bags, which are called "Bouces" in Spanish, wore belly checkers. Successfully selected. At the command of the commander, the fighters throw rolling checkers in the window of the barracks, and they explode. Simultaneously explode and towers with sentries, if they were not destroyed in advance.
Seven special forces destroy the battalion (about 400 soldiers and officers)! Survived in this nightmare will not be able to set up due to injuries and contusions. Airplanes are exploded at airfields, fuel terminals and warehouses of ammunition. A group of special forces has already gone, disguised as aisle in engineering barriers. "
One group of the OUTS studied in Cuba for three months. Then they were returned to the Union. The second group remained to study for another three months. Cuban instructors did not diminish. And all their attention went to the remaining officers.
Commanders of the groups at first thought they were going to lead. However, Cubans decided otherwise - go here, lie ahead and forth along the route. You came here to learn, but you will not learn differently. And the commanders trained with the fighters. They sometimes traveled allegedly at meeting the embassy. But on Saturday and Sunday. Preparation on the "Travel of Che Guevara" lasted five months. They fed everyone like slaughter, and even loosened. Training treated in power and energy for every fighter. Three fighters - Abakar Sadulaev, Yuri Lunev and Valery Kislov - still managed after training at the landfill to engage in iron. They had a bar on the villa, kilograms under 90, and with each convenient case, they worked out tightening on any projectile - the horizontal bar, the eaves of the windowsill, the branch of the tree and the like.
It makes no sense to remember all types of weapons that they had to master. Cubans taught them to shoot truly. And in the afternoon, and at night, and on the sound, both in motion, and on the moving target, and on the outbreak, and from the hip, and much more.
Shot from 82 mm mortar without a support plate. The total weight of the 82-millimeter battalion mortar is 56 kilograms. One trunk from the mortar is heavy, and it can only be transported from the reference slab on transport. Special forces taught shooting without a support plate. The barrel rests on the ground and is approximately aimed at target. With the help of a special busus, aiming is aiming, and mortar is fixed in this position. The accuracy of hitting with such a shooting is 3-5 meters. For mortar, this is considered to be accurate. One of the special forces recorded the position of the mortar, and the second lowered mines in the barrel. Since the first launch of mine before the first break on Earth, the fighters have managed to make up to 12 shots. After that, the mortar calculation went from the shooting point. Fire blow on the enemy received tangible.

In the last month of Vimpelovtsy transferred to urban training. The same thing happened as in Russia. Forest and urban groups. Cachet operations, methods and places of basing, movement around the city, observation detection and care.
Cuban special forces are one of the best specialists in the organization of ambushes and the abductions of people. All of this they trained our officers.
From the memories of the veteran of Vympel, Lieutenant Colonel Vitaly Albertovich Yeremeeva:
"Cubans have all materials to prepare special forces are systematized and decomposed on the shelves. The teacher first gave lecture material. Then we all discussed the information received. Then they looked through the film, most often artistic. A classic film for the discipline "Sabotage" "They knew only in the face." After such classes, the film looks completely different.
We were survived along the route and allowed the installation as an object would move on it. Each of us was a separate task. One is to develop an abduction plan, another - liquidation, the third - something else, and so on.
Then there was a "tribunal". Masters of Cuban special forces came, and we had to protect their developments before them and prove that this is the most acceptable and correct action of actions in accordance with the task and based on the existing conditions for the operation. After the protection of the Operation Plan, we have been practiced in practice in the city.
The object was real. It was a teacher of intelligence officers who did not know us in the face, but he was warned that work was going on. Cubans are common practice. Each teachers can go to war at any time. If he notices anything unusual around himself, he is obliged to immediately report to the leadership.
I had to be masked. Cubans teach their tactics in very detailed and parts. They forced everyone to think.
The commander or fighter can adopt the only correct decision only when he has a great set solution. For this, it is necessary to think about any surprises at the preparation stage. All introductory, which can in any way affect the fate of the operation, are being worked out in advance. Even the most incredible. Only when in reality an employee of the special unit faces new factors, he can instantly accept the right decision, as it has already passed this in practice.
The same "Tribunal" for that exists to work out all possible operation options. At the same time, the questions and introductory you ask people who have repeatedly participated in the implementation of such events in practice. Therefore, questions and introductory are very serious.
Cubans taught us to think on the terrain. The main meaning of such exercises is that unexpected issues and situations when conducting special operations should not be by definition. Everything should be thought out in advance. Only in this case the operation will be doomed to success. "
"Vimpelovtsam" in Cuba gave another kind of preparation. Week left for it. Cubans never spoke in advance what were going to train. Just came the instructor and announced a new topic or the subject of today's lessons.
At that time, some old man came on the villa and brought with him a huge number of different locks. Some were cut to see how they arrange and work. All sat down round tableAnd he began to show and explain how to open the locks without keys. He explained the device of all types of castle existing then - from hanging to safes. I explained and showed how the latter can replace the key. Then he gave each castle and offered to start training. When it began to get acquainted and all the castles were running out, went to train on the castles of the Villa. Then they began for safes. Everyone was seriously warned so that no one else would know about these skills.
After the end of all types of preparation, Vimpelovtsians staged a special integrated lesson on checking the surveyed skills. To this exam, General Alexander Ivanovich Lazarenko arrived from the Union. Raul Castro was present. The exam "Vimpelovtsy" passed on "excellent." Lazarenko was surprised by the new skills that they demonstrated. He did not see this before.
In addition to combat training, all "Vimpelovtsy" daily conducted abstracts of classes. Based on these notebooks and reports of fighters about a business trip in "Vimpel" prepared benefits for training special forces in the Cuban methodology. Cuban special forces was considered one of the best in the world. They constantly fought in Angola, Congo, Bolivia, Nicaragua and other countries.
After returning from Cuba and prepare a business trip reports, one of the new skills gained was demonstrated - combat kata with a machine gun. It was one of the many practical (conscious and systematized) exercises, which gave some skills to use the machine gun in hand-to-hand combat.
Today, such a technical complex is performed and paratroopers. And in a more advanced form. And at that time it was the newest technique of receptions with long-life weapons in hand-to-hand combat. Until that time, even the fighters of the Vympel did not see this and only tried to come up with something similar. Cubans have already been well invented. Of course, time and martial art do not stand still. Today it is already more modified, more applied and beautiful by execution. But at that time it was a novelty. Kata ended idling up. The whole lounge first raised, and then broke out with applause.
After this study, all employees run through the Kuban methods. Almost all Vympel staff were with higher education, and methodological materials at the Cuban School of Special Forces were drawn up at a good professional level. For officers already having at least one higher education, to engage in self-education on existing benefits did not constitute problems.
According to the same methods, Vimpelovsky instructors and advisors subsequently prepared special forces in Afghanistan and other countries.

Nicaragua

The business trip was short - just three months. Four OUTS officers were aimed at adopting experience and assistance to Sandinistam. Special attention should be paid to the activities of special, which constantly participated in hostilities. It was them at that time led to the power of Daniel Orthaga, who was considered a big friend of the Soviet Union.
It all began with the fact that Sandinists created their partisan detachments, which, as in Cuba, were called columns. At first they acted only in the forests and mountains, then began to conquer cities. In the end, Sandinists captured the capital of Managua and came to power. Against the new power began the partisan war opposition. The situation was very reminded Afghanistan. The foci of resistance was both in the jungle, and in the mountains, and in cities. They led martialctions With the active financial, technical and military support of the US CIA instructors.
Nicaraguan special special indicators for the suppression of anti-government speeches were high. Vimpelovtsy familiarized themselves with the reports of almost all combat operations conducted by the Nicaraguan special forces. At the same time they participated in planning and preparing new operations. One of the main advisers in Specvascular at the time was an employee of the 8th department of the management "C" Captain of the 1st rank Viktor Vasilyevich Vasilyev, with whom Vimpelovtsy were familiar with the Cuban business trip.
The colony of Soviet specialists in Nicaragua was small. Almost everyone knew each other. Viktor Vasilyevich had a good acquaintance among them, the winner of many championships on shooting Yuri Kudryashov, who trained Nicaraguan athletes. And he suggested us to get acquainted with the Nicaraguan technique of shooting from a pistol.
After passing a special fire training in Cuba, we believed that we were no longer possible to teach us something new in shooting. But Kudryashov insisted that we looked at this kind of shooting, and introduced us to the two Nicaraguan specialists in shooting - Louis and Jorge.
Louis studied this shooting in the United States and, returning to Nicaragua, taught so to shoot many. Jorge was his student. It was the shooting "Flash", or the so-called protective shooting. Her principle and the meaning is quite simple.
The inventors of this type of shooting were investigated about 5 thousand cases of police clashes with bandits, drug dealers and terrorists. It turned out that battles in 90 percent cases occur at a distance of three to 10 meters. That is, the average distance of the fire fight is equal to about five meters. This is based on the principle of aiming and accurate "protective" shooting on a short distance, but shooting should be carried out at once with two shots.
The meaning of the shooting "Flash" is that if you even have time to shoot, and for this you need to pull the gun, charge it or remove it from the fuse, to aim and shoot, then when you hit your opponent, it will automatically go to the trigger, and there is a high probability, That the result will be a mutual defeat. Another point is when the enemy is physically strong and hardy. Even if he gets his heart, he, being actually killed, will have time to consciously press the trigger and hit you. Therefore, when shooting "Flash", two shots are made at once. Double shooting gives a greater chance to knock down the enemy from his aiming line due to the kinetic bullet energy. One bullet, even the most common caliber, does not guarantee that the blow to the body will lead it from the aiming line. Two shots in a row act like a good boxer. The enemy demolides from the aiming line. Therefore, those who think that the shooting "Flash" is designed for reliable destruction of the enemy, a little mistaken. Chief Principle This shooting is to remove the enemy together with weapons from the aiming line and secure yourself.
Jorge talked about cases from his practice when he collided his nose to the nose with an armed person on the trail in the rural. He stood with a gun, already almost directed at Jorge. Distance for a shot was about five meters. It was impossible to miss. Jorge first managed to shoot twice. The enemy also managed to click on the trigger, but the charge of the boot passed above his head. Two bullets overturned the enemy.
The special forces should be able to not only get a pistol from the warehouse, disassemble it, free from the factory lubricant, collect, charge and shoot, but also prepare this gun under his hand. He must fit an ammunition for himself, pick up a comfortable holster.
Closed full-time army and police holsters are designed for the safety of carrying personal weapons, but in the special forces it had to come with the sake of the "exposure of the trunk". Otherwise, the gun will remain in preservation, that's just to use it will be no one. Therefore, in return for full-time Cobur, their own developments appeared, which allowed to wear a gun under any convenient angle for arrow. In particular, the shoulder holsters with the location of the barrel from the vertical to the horizontal. Including with the open part of the trunk to fire back, without removing the gun, right through the jacket.
Not only you need to have time to get a gun, charge, and so on, so also you need to get into the target twice.
It was in the "pennant" together with the Research Institute of Special Equipments, the first Cobur models were developed, which today enjoy the criminal investigation officers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the fighters of many special units. The first they began to develop and use in the UUC.
We made many types of Cobur. For wearing on the side, the armpit, for fastening on the body armor.
When we started to prepare on the new program of shooting - get a gun, remove it from the fuse, recharge, remove the fly and the whole to the eye level and make two shots, - I had to write new instruction on shooting.

Every day, each of the officers to acquire the necessary skill, shot at least 20-30 ammunition. At that time, the shooting in the OUC was one of the main items of preparation. Equipped new shooting gallery. Shot from morning to evening. From evening to morning. Shot in motion - both the arrow and the target. On the flash, on the sound. In fall. In Kuwark. Against three and eight opponents. Everything you need and could be learned.
On this occasion, a methodological manual for training "Flash" has been prepared in the OUC. This technique includes the skills obtained during training in Cuba. So-called police positions for shooting number 1 and No. 2, shooting due to shelter and other ways. The technique is completely painted, how to train for a label of high-speed shooting in the near distance. Starting from the way to keep a gun to a high-speed recharging. There are also archery of a pistol for 50 meters. This, in particular, is made from police position number 2 (sitting on Earth and using bent knee as a pistol stand).
After we worked and systematized this technique, we began to show it in other divisions. In the Moscow control of the KGB, in the 7th Office, in Alpha, in the 9th Office. It was the basis of a new fracture method, which could be developed further in any direction - depending on the tasks of a particular unit.
For quite good possession of a gun requires about four months of daily workouts. And Vimpelovtsy sought excellent results. Even with the action of one against the seven chance to hit all the targets before the start of the retaliatory shooting is quite high. For all this, together with the recharge of a new clip in the prepared shooters left for about five seconds. The shooter himself elects the tactics of making shooting and priorities of the goals: what should be hit first and how to finish. All this is done depending on the location of the goals and the degree of likely threat. At the same time, all the targets were in motion, at different height and distance from the arrow and with various species "Weapons".
Later Jorge came to Moscow. He was at that time one of the very noticeable party and military leaders of the Sandinist Government and came here as a tourist. We persuaded him to spend several master classes on shooting. Classes were conducted in tira in Balashikha and in the Moscow control of the KGB.
The master class suggests that students engaged in it already understand what is being discussed, and they themselves speak these techniques. Jorge has shown interesting workshops of the nuances and techniques of high-speed shooting during the week. When I was engaged in the development of a methodological manual, Pavel Kochnev and Beck Beckenbayev helped me, drawing an illustration for him.
It should be noted that the exercises for the development of high-speed shooting skills are not similar to each other. Training in that and consists not to learn standard situations, because there is no standard situation in the life of standard situations. Therefore, after mastering the standard positions for shooting and acquiring the speeding skills of the gun, its charging and aiming, each time you need to work out these skills on a new training exercise and in the new conditions. Only in this way you can learn Flash shooting.
It was, for example, such an exercise when someone had to push you during shooting to bring out of equilibrium, to interfere. And you have to get weapons and hit the goal. Then it was generally unthinkable violation of all rules and safety standards. But all the leaders of the OUCs perfectly understood that in real battle there can be anything, and they themselves were held through such trainings.
Or other situation. The shooter sits on the knees with cards (geographical), and at this time the target situation with a non-standard situation rises. And you need from an uncomfortable position to fulfill the standard and hit all the goals. Moreover, the weapons at this point can be anywhere: on the table, in the holster, under the cards, behind the belt, etc. in the wounded left hand, when the right hand is injected. How to recharge the gun when the wound is in hand, if it does not work? .. And everything is for speed.
To increase the speed, every nuance was thought out. Each shooter came up with small tricks for himself. For example, the ship on the right half of the jacket, if the gun was rushed in the holster on the right side. With a sharp turn of the hull to the right, the loader at the expense of inertia swallows the jacket, which allows you to save time for the delivery of the gun. And such tricks - hundreds.
Another branch of the firing in Nicaraguansky was working with a long barrel (automatic). The meaning of firing with a long barrel in another. According to the experience of many wars, it is estimated that to destroy one soldier, it is necessary to spend on average 50 thousand cartridges. Naturally, special forces cannot carry such a number of ammunition with them. Therefore, working with a long barrel is to shoot only single shots, and each bullet should get into target. Fire translator on "Kalashnikov" in the automatic mode to use was prohibited. And single shots meant only aiming fire.
This appeared a new technique for shooting from the automaton at distances from 20 to 100 meters. In this case, the arrow with the machine is ready, with the butt, pressed against the shoulder, should hit the target with a single shot as short as possible.
Jorge told another case, whose witness he was during one of the battles for locality. Two gunners from the warrant camps will jump towards each other. The distance between them is meters 10. At the same time, they will raise their machines, produced by half the money and hide behind the corners of the houses. No harm done…"
In order not to burn cartridges, "Vimpelovtsy" were taught to shoot from any positions from any positions and in any direction. One shot is one hit. From this point of view, Nicaraguan experience was unique for Vimpelovtsev.

Special Forces Cuba - Tropas Especiales "Avispas Negras" (Spanish. Special Forces "Black Uce"), or simply black wasps, was originally created to ensure personal security Fidel Castro and other heads of the Cuban Revolution and is officially a division of the Ministry of the Interior.
It was originally included fighters already who had already had serious experience in the partisan and rebel struggle in various countries of Latin America, many of them fought together with Che Havar, including in Congo, they fought with supporters of Batista and in the Cuba itself.
But very soon they were in demand outside the territory of the island of freedom. At personal disposition of Fidel Castro, special forces soldiers began to assist revolutionary movements abroad.
It was them first in November 1975 were sent to Angola to help the people's liberation movement for the liberation of Angola. This African state was a very lackless piece for the USA and South Africa, the country had rich minerals: diamonds, oil, phosphates, gold, iron ore, bauxite and uranium, so they made every effort to prevent the leaders of the Promarski movement to power. Today it is safe to argue that the mission of Cuban military specialists contributed to the choice of the Angolan Socialist Way of Development.

Moreover, cuban special forces He fought in Ethiopia and Mozambique in Central America. One of the Cuban officers who fought in Ethiopia said that "Russian advisers for Ethiopians are like Marciana. First, they are "Faraji" (white), secondly, live in almost communism. Another thing - we, Cubans: There are many mulatto among us, there are negros. In addition, we recently lived in the same dirt and hopelessness, quite like ether. Therefore, I easily understand each other. " And today, Cuban military advisers are fighting in many countries of the world.
Cuban special forces "black wasps" specializes in conducting hostilities in the jungle. For today, some experts believe that this is the most efficient special forces in the conditions of tropics and individual preparation of individual fighters has no analogues in terms of its complexity.
The "black OS" tactics are based on the action of single or small groups of diversifiers, which are in a state long time in autonomous mode under action on the territory of the enemy.

The fighters of the "Black OS" masterly own all types of weapons of many countries of the world: be it AKMS, AKMSN, "Vintorza", RPG-7B, SVD, AS "Val" or Hungarian ADM-65 or Czech CZ 75, or Cuban production weapons.
In 1980, the Cuba in the city of Los Palacios (Province of Pinar Del Robobyl) was opened by the training center for special purpose troops - "Escuela Nacional De Tropas Especiales Baragua" (Cubans call it "School").
The educational center, known as Baragua occupies a fairly large territory, there are several artificial reservoirs and swamps. There are layout of urban streets in real sizes, network of underground communications, etc.
At the same time, there are training and retraining of about 2500 people in the training center - not only "black wasps" but also parachute troops and marine infantry.
However, not all cadets are Cubans. Like teachers - since 2000, in Baragua "on exchange", several NAK officers (Chinese army) are taught as instructors, etc.

In the center of Baragua, the fighters train the tactics of fighting in the jungle, survival in difficult conditions and infiltration into the enemy's territory, sabotage, combat martial arts, special sniper actions, parachute and diving training, and maintain psychological and information war.
Hand-to-hand preparation is based primarily on the basis of "karate-operetiva", style developed by the officer Raul Rico (he is the same Domingo Rodriguez Okando, Master Dsezinmon Karate).
It should be noted that the name of this person is directly related to the preparation of hand-to-handing units of the special purpose of the KGB of the USSR and the preparation of specialists of the GSR GSH MO of the USSR. It was he who and his school had a huge influence at one time and on our Alpha and Vympel.
This is how the training of the Cuban special forces "black wasps" fighters of the Soviet division "Alpha", who have been trained in the Cuban Training Center, described.
The camp was located in a picturesque lowline, surrounded by hills covered forests. Teaching led the Assa of his business. Especially Alfovtsy remembered training on the so-called "trail of Che Guevara."

The trail is a route passing around the seven hills, the length of the trail is about 8 km. Training mines are installed on traps, various obstacles, stretch marks and other unexpected surprises for special forces.
Shape of clothing - shorts and without shoes. To increase the load, each fighter carries a blank with a weight of about 8 kg, mimicing the Kalashnikov machine, and a pouch with educational mines was fixed on the belt.
Alfovtsy well remember that with the first workout they returned "dead."
In the future, the Center teachers taught the cadets to pass mine harnesses, and all types of mines were "in the blind" and hands, all types of mines, quickly overcome the barriers from barbed wire, to shoot clocks and penetrate the airfields, warehouses, to fuel terminals, etc.
Daily passage of "Che Hevars" trails, working out various ways of movement, intense physical training - Common training for Cuban special forces.

Special Forces teach a complete merger with the environment. Moving in a bent position after 15 minutes causes pain in all muscles, and cadets are obliged to walk so for hours. In addition, it was worked out by walking in the group: ahead of the ridewings feeling the land in front of him to detect stretch marks and mines. The group follows the trail.
Since the human eye reacts to a quick movement, the group is slowly moving slowly and smoothly to be able to immediately measure if the lighting rocket takes off.
What is just worth the night movement with Clars to 12 hours in a row. The task of the group in this case is imperceptible penetration on the protected object.
Fighters move slowly, overcoming obstacles of different levels, including noise mats from reeds, dry leaves, slate wreckage, barbed wire wreckage (wire first is superior, are cleaned with hands - in this case, it does not make a sound, then bred with special hooks in different directions and provide passage for exit).

In the complete darkness of the leading group, when mining mines, checks them for extractability, neutralizes traps, relieves stretching or denotes their location. At this time, the Group still lies and is waiting for his team.
The fighters are smeared by mud or masking makeup of herbs, the weapon is also processed so that there is no glare visible.
In the process of training, the fighters of Cuban special forces, except group operations, are involved in integrated occupations at various facilities. For example, they learn to put a magnetic mine on the tank, which turned out to be empty - because when applying for a magnet, a sound is distributed compared to a small explosion, and as a result, the task will be considered fraught.
With a learning assignment to the destruction of the battalion posted in the barracks, the seven fighters of Cuban special forces are imperceptible to the object and throw roller checkers in the window, previously brought in the waist bags (Bouces). Simultaneously destroyed and towers with clocks. Those few fighters of the enemy who survived after the first strike of the special forces, as a rule, can no longer have decent resistance.

Fuel terminals are exploded, airplanes on airfields, warehouses with ammunition, and a group of special forces has already gone from the object, disguising its trips. Such training form power and energy in every fighter.
All existing types of weapons are mastered in the training center. Cuban instructors are taught to shoot truly: in the afternoon, at night, in motion, on the sound, on the moving target, from the hip, on the outbreak and much more.
The fighters master the unique skill to shoot from a mortar without a support plate (from the moment of the first launch to the first rupture, the cadets had time to make up to 12 shots) - a fire shot was deafening, and the calculation of the shooting point in a timely manner.
Fighters are also preparing the training of combat operations in urban conditions - master the offshore operations, methods and place of basing, ways to move around the city, detection and surveillance.
It is believed that Cuban special forces is one of the best on the organization of ambushes and the abduction of people.
Cubans, taught the most detailed way to the tactics of the operation, make you think of all participants without exception. They believe that the commander or fighter will be able to adopt the only correct decision only when he knows many similar decisions, and for this study is based on the development of any surprises.
The introductory for tasks can be the most incredible. The main purpose of learning is that unexpected issues and situations during the conduct of special operations should not be. All possible are thought out all possible situations - only then any operation is "doomed" for success.