What to do with tonus. How to understand that the uterus is in good shape: a description of the symptoms, possible causes, consultation with a gynecologist, examination and treatment if necessary

The concept of uterine tone is known, perhaps, to most of those giving birth and even to those who have never been pregnant - if not in practice, then by hearsay.

What are the sensations with the tone of the uterus?

Often, it is possible to recognize and determine the tone of the uterus on its own, since it is clearly felt as pulling pains and heaviness in the lower abdomen and in the lower back as with menstruation. Pain in the tone of the uterus is accompanied by petrification of the abdomen - this is easy to feel by lightly pressing on it with your hand.

Therefore, usually there are no questions about how to feel the tone of the uterus - such discomfort can hardly be overlooked and overlooked.

How else can you determine the tone of the uterus?

If you see such things, you need to seek medical help. To confirm the diagnosis, a woman undergoes a vaginal examination and an examination of the abdomen, sometimes an ultrasound scan may be required.

In addition, there is a special apparatus that measures the force of contraction of the uterine myometrium. However, it has not become widespread, because the tone of the uterus is already determined quite simply.

How to remove tone?

In order not to waste precious time, you can take a no-shpy pill on the way to the doctor. Doctors in these cases usually prescribe preparations of vitamins B6, as well as sedatives - motherwort, Magne-B6. Sometimes calcium blockers are additionally prescribed, as well as anti-inflammatory drugs.

In addition to drug treatment, the woman is shown physical peace, good sleep, a lot of fresh air, positive emotions, a normal work and rest regimen. If outpatient treatment does not help, the woman may be offered inpatient treatment - "for the maintenance". In the hospital, under the close attention of doctors, it will be possible to learn more about the reasons in order to eliminate them.

One of the most common problems during pregnancy is the high tone of the uterus, which creates an unpleasant pulling sensation in the lower abdomen.

The uterus is a hollow muscular organ that consists of the outer mucous membrane (perimetry), middle (myometrium) and inner (endometrium). The myometrium has the ability to contract, which is especially important during childbirth. When the uterus contracts during the period of carrying the child at different times, the doctors state that the tone of the uterus is increased. But a toned uterus is not always a problem, as the muscles are constantly contracting. This happens even when sneezing, coughing, vomiting, laughing, gynecological examination.

The disastrous consequences of increased uterine tone can be infrequent. This can result in a miscarriage when it comes to the tone of the uterus in the early stages of pregnancy. In the later, it is fraught with premature birth. And yet, the tone of the uterus is more often observed in the early stages. In this case, the phenomenon threatens the process of implantation (introduction) of the ovum into the endometrium of the uterus. Even his rejection or death is possible. Then the doctors state a spontaneous miscarriage. It is customary to talk about miscarriage before 28 weeks of pregnancy, and after this period we can already talk about premature birth.

The tone of the uterus in the early stages also threatens the normal development of the child. After all, then the tense muscles squeeze the vessels, and as a result, the fetus may suffer from oxygen deficiency (hypoxia). When, for this reason, the fetus does not receive nutrients either, malnutrition is also possible, that is, growth arrest and even frozen pregnancy.

This article describes how to relieve uterine tone in early pregnancy. The article describes the doctor's recommendations, following which, you can reduce the tone of the uterus during pregnancy.

What is uterine tone?

The tone of the uterus is a characteristic of the state of the uterine muscles, which describes the degree of its tension and is measured in millimeters of mercury.

There are the following options for the state of the uterine muscles:

The uterus is hypotonic - this is a pathological condition of the uterus, in which its muscles are excessively relaxed, it is a complication of the early postpartum period, the cause of hypotonic uterine bleeding.
- The uterus in normal tone is a physiological state of both a pregnant and non-pregnant uterus, in which the muscles are at rest.
- Uterus in an increased tone - a state of tension of the uterine muscles, which can be either permanent or temporary (contractions during childbirth). An increase in the tone of the uterus can be both in one specific place (local), as well as capture all parts of the uterus (total).
- Hypertonicity of the uterus - an anomaly of labor, in which the number of contractions in 10 minutes is more than four, i.e. this pathology occurs only in childbirth.

It should be noted that the expression "uterine hypertonicity", which is mistakenly used by some specialists and their patients, implying an increase in uterine tone during pregnancy, is incorrect, because this term describes one of the types of abnormalities of labor.

Causes of increased uterine tone

An increase in the tone of the uterus is very often observed in the early or late stages of pregnancy. There are many factors that stress the muscles of the uterus during pregnancy. Usually these are various irritations that can cause tension in a muscle organ: sexual arousal, any physical activity, stress, nervous tension, etc. It is impossible to dismiss this phenomenon, since the high tone of the uterus can be very dangerous.

When a pregnant woman first has uterine hypertonicity, she just needs to tell the doctor about this so that he can send her for ultrasound diagnostics. In the absence of any pathologies during the diagnosis, a closed pharynx of the uterus, a cervix with a length of more than 3 cm and a fetal heartbeat should be visible.

These indicators show that the appearance of an increased tone of the uterus is not dangerous for either the pregnant woman or the fetus. If, during ultrasound diagnostics, the opening of the pharynx of the uterus is detected at a distance of more than 5 mm, a small uterus (length from 2.5 to 3 cm), then this indicates a serious risk of miscarriage in the first trimester.

How to remove uterine tone at home?

The uterus can contract not only under the influence of the factors described above, but also when the bladder or intestines contract. The contraction of the bladder occurs as a result of its filling, and the intestines - when food enters it. If a woman had no complications during ultrasound diagnostics, then the spasms usually go away quickly and do not cause severe pain.

If uterine spasms cause unpleasant painful sensations and are accompanied by any pathologies, then medical attention may be required to relieve the tone of the uterus, so you should consult a doctor. If you have cramps in the lower abdomen, you should try to remove them yourself. To do this, you need to relax - sit down or lie down, stroking your stomach and talking with your unborn baby.

If possible, you can try a relaxing warm bath to relieve uterine tone. When taking a bath, it is not recommended to add various aromatic substances, because they can cause uterine tone or increase it. It is impossible for women who do not have any pathologies, namely, secretions from the genital tract, to take a bath to relieve the tone of the uterus.

The main causes of increased uterine tone

At the heart of the muscle tone of the uterus is the activity of the endocrine system, namely the synthesis of the hormone progesterone. This hormone is very actively synthesized in the first 2.5 months of pregnancy, later its synthesis declines. The hormone progesterone helps to reduce the tone of the uterus, as well as to reduce the tone of the intestines.

This is the reason that women often experience constipation during pregnancy. Lack of progesterone production can lead to increased muscle tone in the uterus. There are several reasons for the lack of progesterone. First, the underdeveloped organs of the reproductive system. An underdeveloped uterus cannot withstand the heavy load that affects it, and, as a result, contracts.

Secondly, the increased content of male hormones in the female body. The adrenal glands are involved in their production. A woman can find out about this even before pregnancy by the following signs: menstrual irregularities, increased hair, deterioration of the skin condition before menstruation, etc. Thirdly, the increased content of the hormone prolactin in the blood.

It manifests itself in the release of milk from the nipples and menstrual irregularities before pregnancy. Not only a lack of progesterone can cause the tone of the uterus, but also various diseases suffered before pregnancy. These include: growth of the inner lining of the uterus, called endometriosis; inflammatory diseases of the uterus and its appendages.

The tone of the uterus during pregnancy can be identified independently by the following signs: severity and discomfort in the lower abdomen. Pain in the lower abdomen with increased tone of the uterine muscles is very similar to pain during menstruation. For diagnostics, in addition to ultrasound diagnostics, palpation can be used.

During palpation of the abdomen with an increased tone of the muscles of the uterus, the abdomen will feel firmness, which should normally be soft. To diagnose the tone of the uterus, one of the most modern methods can be used - tonusometry (measurement of the tone of the uterus using a special device).

Having learned about the tone of the uterus, it is extremely important for a pregnant woman to try to calm down and avoid unnecessary worries. Very often, when the tone of the uterus of a pregnant woman is detected, sedatives are prescribed and it is advised to stay in bed. Often, the tone of the uterus is treated in a hospital under the strict supervision of specialists, because there may be a danger of miscarriage.

Treatment of increased uterine tone

If the cause of the uterine tone is any pathology, then it is necessary to start with its treatment. If the reason is insufficient synthesis of the hormone progesterone, then the drugs Utrozhestan or Duphaston are prescribed for pregnant women. Often, with the tone of the muscles of the uterus, antispasmodic drugs are prescribed, such as Papaverine, No-Shpa, infusion of bromine, valerian, vitamins E and C. Before you start taking any of these drugs, you should consult your doctor in order to avoid negative consequences.

Magne B6 is a very good remedy to cope with increased muscle tone. This drug allows you to restore the lack of vitamin B6 in the body. Magne B6 contains a large amount of magnesium, which helps to reduce muscle tension. Vitamin B6, which is part of this drug, has a calming effect on the nervous system, which is simply necessary for pregnant women suffering from uterine hypertonicity.

To avoid spontaneous abortion in the early stages and premature birth in late stages, the increased tone of the uterus must be reduced. Most often, with the threat of termination of pregnancy, a pregnant woman is recommended to go to a hospital and undergo treatment. With an increased tone of the uterus, the supply of oxygen and nutrition to the fetus deteriorates, so treatment is necessary. To reduce uterine activity, special drugs called tocolytics are used. These are drugs belonging to different pharmacological groups with a different mechanism of action, but one effect: they reduce the increased uterine activity.

To remove the increased tone of the uterus help:

Ginipral, partusisten, salbutamol, terbutaline. Currently, the most effective safe drug from this group is ginipral... In emergency cases, it is prescribed in the form of droppers, after which they switch to a tablet form.

Magnesium sulfate / magnesium sulfate, only in the form of a solution for intravenous administration, to reduce the increased tone of the uterus, it is currently used only when other drugs are contraindicated for one reason or another

Drotaverinum (no-shpa, spazmonet) 1-2 tables. 3 times a day (120-240 mg of drotaverine). Prescribing the drug during pregnancy and lactation is not contraindicated. Prescribed with caution during pregnancy (I trimester) and during lactation

Among other things, it is not recommended for a pregnant woman who has an increased uterine tone to have sex. This is because the muscles of the uterus contract strongly during orgasm, which can lead to miscarriage.

To avoid problems associated with an increased tone of the uterus, it is necessary to observe its prevention. To do this, a pregnant woman should avoid overwork, stress, nervous strain, and should also master some of the yoga techniques necessary for relaxation. Also, for the prevention of hypertension, you should go to an appointment with an endocrinologist, a gynecologist, and preferably a neurologist.

Muscle hypertonicity is a dangerous phenomenon, it can lead to serious consequences. The increased tone of the uterus in the early stages of pregnancy is the cause of fetal death, termination of its further development and termination of pregnancy. In addition, it can lead to poor blood supply to the placenta and oxygen starvation.

In order to avoid problems of how to relieve the tone of the uterus in the early stages of pregnancy, you must follow all the recommendations of gynecologists, take care of yourself and observe the prevention of muscle hypertonia.

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Although pregnancy is considered one of the most wonderful periods in a woman's life, when she enjoys her position, she needs to be attentive all 9 months, monitor changes, and quickly respond to them. One of the not most pleasant symptoms that pregnant women often encounter is the tone or hypertonicity of the uterus.

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Signs of tone vary slightly depending on the duration of pregnancy. How to determine on your own in the first trimester:

a feeling of heaviness in the abdomen in the lower part of it
pulling pain, similar to those that occur during menstruation
pain that radiates to the lumbar region or sacral spine

In the 2nd and 3rd trimesters, the signs are almost the same, except that hypertonicity can also be visually noticed. In a pregnant woman, the belly shrinks noticeably, becomes very hard. Therefore, it will not be difficult for any woman to notice this phenomenon. Sometimes this condition can also manifest itself with bloody discharge. It is imperative to call an ambulance right away, and see a doctor. To determine whether the tone is definitely increased or not, and whether it is dangerous, a gynecologist's examination, as well as an ultrasound examination, will help.

They can be different. Sometimes these are natural causes associated with hormonal changes, physical activity, emotional state, etc. For example, the uterus is often in good shape during the examination by a gynecologist, because the patient at this moment is a little tense and embarrassed.

What are the reasons for the uterus to tone up:

Lack of progesterone at the beginning... In case of hormonal imbalance, tone can occur due to an excess of male hormones. Therefore, all 9 months it is necessary to monitor the hormonal background.
Toxicosis- another reason, especially if it is accompanied by severe nausea and vomiting. At this point, the abdominal cavity contracts, and the uterus can also be involved. With severe toxicosis, it is recommended to go through, in which the blood is purified and toxins are removed from the body. To do this, a woman is injected drip with special solutions that do not harm either her or the baby, a course of 3 procedures, then at the discretion of the doctor and based on the condition of the pregnant woman. After that, the expectant mother becomes much easier, often the symptoms of toxicosis go away completely.
Abnormalities in the structure of the uterus are also one of the reasons. Therefore, it is better for a woman to be examined in advance, even before pregnancy, in order to be aware of such problems. Uterine abnormalities can greatly interfere with the normal bearing of the fetus, or will not allow it at all.
Rhesus conflict is often the cause of hypertension. It occurs if a woman has a negative blood type, and her partner has a positive one. It may happen that her body will reject the fetus, mistaking it for something foreign.
Infections, inflammation in the pelvic organs- another reason. There will be other signs, expressed in a change in the amount and type of discharge, the occurrence of itching and burning.

The reasons why there may be an increased tone of the uterus during pregnancy, a huge number and can be listed for a long time. One of them is a stretching of the uterus, for example, if the baby is very large or the pregnancy itself is multiple. The tone increases due to gas formation in the intestines.

It is not the tone of the uterus itself that should be treated as a separate disease, it is only a symptom, you need to look for the cause and eliminate it.

This means that the muscles in the uterus are tense. Normally they should be relaxed. They strain only during childbirth to help the fetus be born. If the muscles of the uterus are tense, and the pregnant woman and her baby do not feel comfortable, so it is worth fighting this condition.

Why is hypertonicity dangerous?

There is nothing wrong with it if the tone passes quickly. If such symptoms become permanent, there is a danger to the health of the fetus and, in general, there is a threat of termination of pregnancy. With hypertonia, the fetus may suffer from a lack of oxygen.

What if the tone is increased?

A question that worries almost all expectant mothers: what to do if the uterus is in good shape during pregnancy? You need to watch your condition a little. If there are no acute pains, bleeding, and this condition itself quickly passes, there is nothing wrong with that, perhaps these are just training fights. If the hypertonicity is of a prolonged nature, it is necessary to consult a doctor, and possibly hospitalization, or complete rest. In some cases, the doctor recommends to undergo an additional examination to determine the possible risks and causes of the pathology.

At home, the expectant mother is advised to stay in bed. She should avoid strenuous physical exertion, emotional distress. Antispasmodics are prescribed. Usually, with a tone of the uterus, it is No-shpa or. Magnesium B6, motherwort, and other medications may be prescribed, depending on the underlying cause. All actions should be aimed at eliminating the main cause that caused the increased contraction of the uterus.

You can remove the tone not only with a medication, but also by performing special exercises. One option for how to relieve the tone of the uterus during pregnancy is the exercise "Cat". A woman should get on all fours and bend her back, be in this state for a few seconds, and then straighten her back. It is necessary to repeat 7-8 times, then lie down on the bed and lie down for at least one hour.

If you cannot relieve the increased tone at home, you need to contact your doctor. Perhaps he will order hospitalization to prevent premature birth and maintain a healthy pregnancy until the end of term. Sometimes, even if the expectant mother has the opportunity to relieve symptoms at home, she simply does not comply with all the doctor's prescriptions. After all, there are many things to do at home: which can never be redone, so it is not always possible to calmly rest. More often, because of this, doctors recommend strongly to go to the hospital, at least for a day, so that the woman regains her strength.

What the doctor advises with an increased tone of the uterus, watch the video:

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Even those who have not yet carried a baby under their hearts have heard about this condition. It is recommended to know more about this not only for pregnant women, but also for those who are planning to conceive a child.

How to explain the condition in which the tone is increased, and what is it

Before explaining this condition, you must first understand and understand what the uterus is.

Every pregnant woman knows about the increased tone of the uterus

Uterus- This is the internal genital organ that is present in women. It is able to contract, its basis is the myometrium.

During pregnancy, a woman's uterus is enlarged, this happens due to the development of the baby inside the mother. At the same time, muscle fibers also increase, become longer and thicker. During pregnancy, the muscles of the uterus are relaxed, at rest, and the pregnant woman does not experience any discomfort. When it’s time to give birth, the uterus begins to contract slightly. These contractions are usually called contractions, only these contractions are considered training.

But sometimes it happens that the muscles of the uterus are constantly in a contracted and tense state. In this state, the muscles of the uterus contract, the organ contracts, and pressure begins in the uterine cavity.

This is a condition that can cause pathology, it must be treated immediately, in order to prevent a pregnancy failure, as well as eliminate the threat of miscarriage.

Reasons for increasing tone during pregnancy

The most cherished dream of any woman, especially the one who carries a baby, is to bear a healthy baby. But very often an ultrasound scan overshadows this condition with such a diagnosis as increased tone. We can assume that this is a disease in the body of a pregnant woman, but the statement would be correct: tone is rather the negative consequences of the processes that take place in the body of a pregnant woman.

Increased uterine tone can threaten pregnancy

The main reason for the increase in tone is considered to be stressful conditions in pregnant women. Also, this can include overexcitation, or muscle overexertion, which can be caused by physical exertion.

The tone can increase, both in the early and late stages of pregnancy. Very often this condition characterizes the early stages of pregnancy, at this time the uterus can contract, but it is not yet ready for the upcoming birth. In this case, a dull pain is characteristic, which is present in the lower abdomen, but it so happens that a woman does not feel these changes, and this condition can be recognized only after an ultrasound scan.

The reason for its increase in the first trimester of pregnancy is hormonal disruptions, and various kinds of hormonal system disorders, this may be the lack of progesterone production in the body of a pregnant woman.

The second trimester of pregnancy can also be characterized by this condition. As a rule, overloads, as well as an unhealthy lifestyle, are the reason here. In addition to all this, the cause can be all sorts of inflammatory processes that occur in the body during pregnancy.

An increase in tone can also occur due to the fact that the muscles of the uterus are overstretched, this can occur as a result of multiple pregnancies, or polyhydramnios in the body of a pregnant woman, as well as a large fetus.

During pregnancy, diseases such as acute respiratory infections and influenza are dangerous, a complication after these diseases can also be increased tone.

In the third trimester of pregnancy, increased tone usually leads to premature birth.

Some experts divide the causes of this disease into two groups:

The first group includes only somatic causes that can arise as a result of physiological problems that appear in a pregnant woman.
The second reason includes mommy's inappropriate lifestyle. Let's dwell on this in more detail.

Various infections can lead to tone, as well as the course of the menstrual cycle in pregnant women. It also includes drinking alcohol or smoking.

Many women suffer from toxicosis in early pregnancy. In the second trimester, this condition passes, but it will be replaced as a result by an increased tone of the uterus.

Another very important reason for this condition is the different rhesus of the mother and baby. This also includes placenta previa. This is a serious abnormality during pregnancy, it is almost impossible to deal with it, but you always need to hope that the placenta will move into place on its own.

Psychosomatic causes. The tone for these reasons arises as a result of psychological problems, as well as various kinds of stress. All this affects the nervous system of the pregnant woman, shakes her. Specifically, characterizing these problems, tone can occur in the third trimester, and premature birth is a consequence.

To eliminate the tone, it is necessary to correctly identify its causes.

Symptoms of uterine tone during pregnancy

Almost every pregnant woman is faced with such a diagnosis. Regardless of the gestational age, each expectant mother will worry about her baby and will try to keep track of all the deviations that occur in her body. It is for this reason that many pregnant women are interested in the symptoms that are characteristic of increased tone.

It is important to know the symptoms of increased uterine tone

How the internal state of the uterus will manifest itself in the external environment. The pregnant woman herself can determine this condition if she understands the symptoms.

To do this, the pregnant woman must lie on a hard surface with her stomach up. Starting to feel the belly, you should feel that it is soft, in this case there is no tone.

If your belly is elastic, it may even resemble the firmness of the thigh, then the possibility of the presence of tone is likely. When a pregnant woman is toned, pains in the abdomen appear, especially at the bottom, as well as a feeling of heaviness. This pain feels like premenstrual pain. Sometimes this pain is cramping, in this case it is manifested by bloody discharge, which is similar to menstruation.

When any of these symptoms occur, you should see your doctor right away. Only he can either refute or confirm the presence of uterine tone.

What if the tone of the uterus is increased?

Opinion of Russian doctors

The first thing to do is to diagnose the pathology, as well as this condition.

The main symptom, according to doctors, is tension in the muscles of the uterus, as well as a feeling of pain in the abdomen. At the first symptoms of increased tone, it is believed that there is not enough progesterone hormone in the girl's body, it is this hormone that is responsible for the normal course of pregnancy, as well as for its preservation.

Diagnosis of uterine tone can only be diagnosed, ultrasound results, as well as a doctor's examination. In some cases, when this diagnosis is established, the patient is hospitalized, usually in the gynecology department, but it happens that in the pathology department for pregnant women.

Only a doctor can unambiguously determine the tone of the uterus and assess the risks.

Referral to gynecology is given only in cases where the increased tone is accompanied by bloody discharge, as well as if the pain in the abdomen has become prolonged and it intensifies.

They treat this condition with sedatives, which are made on the basis of herbs, and antispasmodics are also added here. In this case, the pregnant woman needs constant rest and no negative emotions.

Opinion of foreign doctors

Abroad, this deviation is not considered a pathology, and it is not treated.

It is believed that the uterus is a muscular organ that must contract. And this should not only happen in pregnant women.

Uterine stresses can be caused by:

long walking;

uncomfortable position of the abdomen when a pregnant woman is in this position for a long time;

travel by public transport;

and many other factors that contribute to an increase in the tone of the uterus of a pregnant woman.

It is believed that even an ultrasound sensor can act as a provocateur to increase the tone of the uterus.

But still, foreign doctors argue that the tone of the uterus can lead to premature birth, as well as miscarriage. In this case, the condition of the pregnant woman deteriorates sharply, there are pains in the lower abdomen, spotting, and the general condition worsens. A pregnant woman feels constant fatigue, irritability, abdominal pains can be both sharp and short, and prolonged and intensifying.

What to do if the uterus is in good shape?

If this condition is not accompanied by abdominal pain, then it is necessary:

take a light sedative, thanks to which the general condition of the body will be improved, unnecessary experiences will be eliminated;

drink weak tea;

take a hot bath;

and also watch a relaxing movie.

There are many options to take when the uterus is toned. If the tone of the uterus is not accompanied by pain, then it releases very quickly and this condition passes in a short time. And also this does not mean at all that the tone will act as a risk of losing a child and terminating a pregnancy. Therefore, do not upset yourself that you are at risk and your pregnancy is at risk.

Indeed, in foreign countries, uterine tone is not considered a disease, but this should not mean that doctors do not react to this condition in any way.

Always with this condition, an ultrasound scan is prescribed. According to the results of an ultrasound examination, they do not look at the muscular layer of the uterus, but at the length of its cervix. In the event that the uterus is 3 cm longer than its layer, and is also closed, then there is no reason for worry.

If the cervix is short and also slightly open, then these are clear signs of spontaneous abortion. If this condition is accompanied by pain, cramps, and sensations of contractions, then this condition can accelerate the termination of pregnancy, as well as miscarriage.

According to foreign doctors, it can be concluded that the tone of the uterus is still a physiological state, but if this condition worries a pregnant woman, and is also accompanied by pain, then you need to contact the gynecologist who is observing you.

Diagnosis: uterine tone at 20 weeks of gestation

A period of 20 weeks already means that the first half of pregnancy is already over. This time is considered the most wonderful, the tummy is already a little noticeable, but while it does not interfere with the pregnant woman's movement, perhaps those around her still do not notice how the future mother has changed. The expectation of the child should flow harmoniously, the atmosphere should be calm. This is important not only for mommy, but also for the unborn baby.

If the course of pregnancy takes place in a favorable environment, then this time can be considered a vacation, or a vacation time. This will continue until the baby grows up and becomes a tangible burden for mommy.

But it so happens that a pregnant woman leads the wrong way of life, and the result of this may be the tone of the uterus. Very often, when a pregnant woman hears such a diagnosis, she immediately begins to panic and fear for her baby, as well as for maintaining the pregnancy. Therefore, the question immediately arises whether there can be a threat of miscarriage during pregnancy at a period of 20 weeks.

The tone of the uterus is characterized by muscle abnormalities, which in some cases lead to consequences such as the loss of a child. When pregnancy is proceeding normally, the muscles do not contract, but at the slightest deviation, the muscles contract and this leads to muscle contraction, as well as the tone of the uterus.

Tonus can occur in any trimester of pregnancy, and its appearance does not depend on the term. But usually this group includes those pregnant women who have previously had abortions, or whose cervix is injured. Trauma can be obtained during a previous childbirth, or in the treatment of diseases that have arisen.

Unfortunately, at a short time, for example, at the 20th week of pregnancy, the baby's weight is still small, and he cannot survive outside the womb, even with the most modern medical possibilities. There are cases that it is possible to leave children, but the gestation period is 24 weeks.

Uterine tone at 20 weeks can still cause miscarriage

The onset of the threat of miscarriage usually does not occur noticeably, the first thing that a pregnant woman will feel is pain in the lower abdomen. And if he starts feeling his belly, he will notice that it has become hard.

At this stage of pregnancy, the stomach, in principle, should not hurt, but if this happens, then you must immediately visit a doctor. If you do it on time, you will be able to save the baby. Usually, in such cases, a special device is placed on the cervix to hold it. In this case, the pregnant woman is assigned complete rest, in which any physical activity is prohibited.

If there is a lack of progesterone in the body, then the appointment of morning, and in some cases duphaston is likely.

When treating the tone of the uterus, it is imperative to control the amount of sugar in the body, as well as pressure and heartbeat.

Papaverine, which is prescribed to pregnant women in almost every case, is considered a very effective remedy in the fight against tone.

When establishing this diagnosis, pregnant women are advised, first of all, not to panic. The more the pregnant woman becomes nervous and panic, the more the tone of the uterus will increase.

Magne - B6 is also an effective remedy that is used with an increased tone of the uterus, it replenishes the lack of vitamin B in a pregnant woman's body. This drug is prescribed when there is already a clear threat of miscarriage in a pregnant woman with a serious degree of tone. This drug allows you to improve metabolic processes in the body, as well as help to increase the immunity of a pregnant woman. Thanks to this drug, the level of absorption of vitamins into the blood, as well as magnesium cells, increases. The duration of taking this drug is on average one month. Approximately pregnant women are prescribed 3 ampoules of the drug per day.

Bad habits and stress can provoke uterine tone

In conclusion, I would like to say that during pregnancy it is necessary to take care of yourself. This applies not only to the last trimester of pregnancy, but also to the time when the baby was conceived.

A pregnant woman should take her condition seriously and understand that the absence of stress, good nutrition, as well as the rejection of harmful substances, all these factors are the key to maintaining your health.

It is important that the pregnant woman quit smoking and drinking alcohol.

Physical activity should be carried out only in the amount that is allowed by the doctor. Outdoor walks are recommended for pregnant women, which replenish the body with positive emotions. It is also necessary to visit the theater, all kinds of painting exhibitions, and cultural monuments. It is necessary to accustom the child to art now, when he is in the womb.

And most importantly, take care of yourself.

Any muscle, including the smooth muscles of the uterus, has a tone. During the development of the fetus, the uterus is always tense to a certain extent in order to keep the fetus in the correct position and then to ensure a normal delivery. This state of the uterus is called normotonus, and means that the uterus is at rest. In the article, you will learn in detail how to distinguish the concept of “toned uterus” from “uterine hypertonicity”.

The uterus is a hollow organ made up of three layers. The middle, muscle layer is called the myometrium. It is he who is responsible for the contractions and tone of the uterus. The tension of the uterus is measured in millimeters of mercury. Normally, it is in the range from 8 to 12 mm Hg. Art.

Normally, the uterus can sometimes strain harder, but at the same time, the pregnant woman does not have any unpleasant sensations. Many reasons can affect the tone of the uterus during pregnancy, including psychological state, physical stress. Often, the tone of the uterus during pregnancy increases during a gynecological examination.

However, sometimes the tone of the uterus during pregnancy remains elevated for some time. This condition is called "increased uterine tone", or simply "uterine tone", or "toned uterus." This is not a disease, but a symptom of some deviations in a woman's health. It cannot be ignored: a toned uterus is a danger to pregnancy and fetal development.

It should be noted that it is not entirely correct to use the term "hypertonicity" as a synonym for uterine tone. Hypertonicity is a pathology during childbirth, when contractions occur too often. To determine the tension of the uterus, which occurs during pregnancy, it would be more correct to use the term "toned uterus" or "uterine tone".

Another pathological condition is hypotonia of the uterus, when, on the contrary, it is too relaxed. Reduced uterine tone during pregnancy can lead to hypotonic uterine bleeding.

Physiological increase in uterine tone

Even with the normal course of pregnancy, the tone of the uterus may increase for a short time, which is not a pathology. The reasons for the physiological increase in tone include:

nervous tension, excitement, for example, at a doctor's appointment;
physical exercise;
sex and orgasm;
fetal movement;
laughing, coughing, sneezing.

After these factors cease to act, the tone of the uterus during pregnancy returns to normal. If it remains elevated, an increased tone, or tone of the uterus, can be diagnosed.

After 35 weeks, a periodic increase in tone is the norm - these are the so-called training contractions, during which the uterus prepares for childbirth.

How is uterine tone diagnosed?

How to determine that the uterus is in good shape?

The duration and frequency of the increase in tone, the presence or absence of discharge, matters.
To diagnose the tone of the uterus, an ultrasound scan is performed, which reveals a total (when the entire uterus is tense) or local (when a certain area is tense) tone. The tense area looks like a thickening of the myometrium on ultrasound.
Also, during pregnancy, when the uterus has already left the pelvic area, the doctor may notice its tension on palpation. Depending on the degree of tone, the uterus may feel hardened up to the feeling of a "stone". Sometimes the pregnant woman herself feels that the uterus "turns to stone". If the tone is local, then there may not be any unpleasant sensations. On palpation, the tension of the uterus, its size, presentation of the fetus and its position in the uterus are determined.
Also, to determine whether the uterus is in good shape, cardiotocography is used - a record of uterine contractions and fetal heartbeat.
Another way to diagnose the tone of the uterus is tonusometry. For this, there is a special apparatus with a sensor that is applied to the abdomen.
Be sure to check the condition of the cervix, it should not open.
To determine the cause of the tone more precisely, and it may also consist in an increased or decreased level of certain hormones, additional blood tests are prescribed.

Symptoms of uterine tone

Usually, a slight increase in the tone of the uterus does not manifest itself in any way. It is detected during routine gynecological examinations. Most often, tone develops in the first trimester of pregnancy.

The woman begins to feel only a strong tone, while the following symptoms arise:

What to do with symptoms of uterine tone?

With such symptoms, you need to give yourself first aid. You need to lie down, take an anesthetic that relaxes the muscles (antispasmodic): Drotaverine, Papaverine (in tablets or in the form of suppositories), Baralgin, No-Shpa, Papazol, completely relax, including relaxing the muscles of the face - their tension also affects the tension of the muscles uterus.

Also, the exercise "Cat" can help with tone: get on all fours, bend your back, raise your head, then slowly return to the starting position. The exercise must be repeated two or three times, then lie down. To relieve discomfort from increased tone, you can get on all fours, leaning on your elbows - so the uterus will be in a "suspended" position.

Video: How to do the exercise "Cat" correctly

Breathing exercises aimed at relaxation and tranquility also help. You can sit or lie in a comfortable position and breathe deeply, slowly and imagine how all the tension goes away as you exhale.

If such measures do not help, unpleasant sensations bother for several hours, bleeding has appeared, you need to call an ambulance. But even if the condition has improved, it is necessary to consult a gynecologist as soon as possible, who will prescribe treatment. Remember, the tone of the uterus during pregnancy is a symptom of the threat of miscarriage.

Treatment of increased uterine tone

Usually in the first trimester, antispasmodics are prescribed, as well as magnesium and vitamin B6 preparations. To relieve increased anxiety and improve the psychological state of the expectant mother, sedatives are always prescribed containing motherwort, lemon balm, chamomile, valerian. Medicines are also prescribed to reduce the activity of the uterus.
If the tone of the uterus during pregnancy is caused by stress, anxiety, an unfavorable environment at home or at work, psychotherapy is indicated. If sedative herbal remedies do not help, stronger drugs are prescribed: Nosepam, Trioxazine and others.
If a low level of progesterone is established, drugs based on it are prescribed.
If some disease has become the cause of the tone of the uterus, then first of all it is treated.
To eliminate the threat of termination of pregnancy, hormonal drugs (progesterone and its analogues, such as Duphaston, Oxyprogesterone, folliculin), Carotene, Tocopherol Acetate, nicotinic acid, Papaverine are prescribed as an antispasmodic. In the second trimester, with the tone of the uterus, diathermy is prescribed - electrotherapy aimed at warming up the tissues.
To reduce the tone of the uterus, such drugs as Salbutamol, Partusisten, magnesium sulfate are effective. The safest drug is Ginipral. In case of emergency, these drugs are administered intravenously, then inside in the form of tablets. Magnesia sulfate is prescribed in cases where other drugs are contraindicated. Also, with increased tone, Nifidepine is prescribed in the form of tablets, Indomethacin in the form of suppositories. All of these drugs prevent the contraction of the smooth muscles of the uterus, but can only be prescribed by the attending physician.

With a tone of the uterus, a woman needs rest, in many cases bed rest is recommended. If outpatient treatment does not help, bloody discharge appears, pains in the lower abdomen or back are present, then the expectant mother is put on "conservation" in order to take measures in a hospital to preserve the pregnancy and prevent premature birth.

Why does uterine tone occur during pregnancy?

Both physical and psychological factors affect the tone of the uterus during pregnancy. Uterine tone during pregnancy can develop as a result of some pathologies not related to the reproductive system, for example:

endocrine diseases, including diabetes mellitus, thyroid diseases;
infectious diseases;
other diseases not directly related to the reproductive system (cardiovascular, renal, in particular, glomerulonephritis);
depression, increased anxiety.

Infectious diseases, not necessarily associated with the genital area, are the first most common cause of uterine tone, especially if the temperature is elevated. These can be diseases of the digestive system, acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections, and diseased teeth can also act as a focus of infection.

Naturally, pathologies or peculiarities of the uterus and genitals, peculiarities and complications of pregnancy, surgical interventions in the reproductive system have a great influence:

Pathologies of the development of the uterus (septum in the uterus, bicornuate uterus, doubling of the uterus).
Tumors in the uterus.
Endometriosis
Inflammation in the uterus and appendages.
Underdevelopment of the genitals.
Infertility diagnosis in the past.
mother and fetus.
Polyhydramnios.
Previous abortions and other operations on the uterus, including caesarean sections.
Genetic factors, such as miscarriage in blood relatives.
Complications of pregnancy: placental insufficiency, placenta previa, premature placental abruption.
Fetal malformations.
Malposition.
Severe toxicosis - with vomiting, the abdominal muscles contract, which directly affects the uterus.
A large number of pregnancies.
Miscarriage in the past.
Decreased levels of progesterone or prolactin (in this case, infertility also occurs), increased levels of male sex hormones.
Multiple pregnancy.
Large fruit sizes.

A woman's age also affects the likelihood of tonicity. If the expectant mother is younger than 18 or older than 35, then this probability increases.

The lifestyle of a pregnant woman also matters. Lead to increased tone:

lack of sleep;
bad habits;
poor living conditions;
improper nutrition;
physical work;
nervous tension, anxiety, stress, unfavorable family environment;
labor regime: business trips, daily work, harmful factors of production.

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