Solar system. Astronomy test
Option 1
1. Planet terrestrial group is an:
1) Venus; 2) Saturn; 3) Jupiter; 4) Pluto.
1) Neptune; 2) Saturn; 3) Jupiter; 4) Mars.
1) Mercury; 2) Venus; 3) Earth; 4) Mars.
4. The temperature on the surface of Venus is:
1) - 20 ° C; 2) + 500; 3) + 400 ° С; 4) - 140 ° C.
5. In honor of the Roman goddess of love and beauty, the planet was named:
1) Saturn; 2) Venus; 3) Uranus; 4) Mars.
6. In honor of the Roman king of all the gods, the planet was named:
1) Saturn; 2) Jupiter; 3) Uranus; 4) Neptune.
7. In 1781 V. Herschel discovered the planet:
1) Jupiter; 2) Saturn; 3) Uranus; 4) Pluto.
8. The planet has a record number of satellites:
1) Jupiter; 2) Uranus; 3) Neptune; 4) Saturn.
1. The mass of Jupiter exceeds the mass of all other planets in the solar system combined.
3. All giant planets have rings.
4. The Earth rotates around its axis in 365 days.
5. All giant planets have a hard surface.
6. Mercury is the smallest planet in the solar system.
7. The temperature on the surface of Saturn is approaching -170 "C.
8. The location of Uranus in the sky was first calculated on paper, and then the planet was discovered with a telescope.
B) Sergey Pavlovich Korolev
C) Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin
D) Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov
First female astronaut
12. Define the terms
a) star
b) asteroid
c) comet
Examination on the topic: Solar system "
2 option
1. The closest planet to the Sun in the Solar System is:
1) Pluto; 2) Mercury; 3) Earth; 4) Jupiter.
2. The Great Red Spot is located:
1) on Saturn 2) on Neptune; 3) on Jupiter; 4) on Uranus.
3. Which planet of the solar system has an atmosphere composed of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide:
1) Mercury 2) Venus; 3) Earth; 4) Mars.
4. The "twin" planets are:
1) Uranus and Pluto 2) Neptune and Pluto; 3) Saturn and Uranus; 4) Uranus and Neptune.
5. In honor of the ancient Roman god of the sea, the planet was named:
1) Neptune 2) Uranus; 3) Saturn; 4) Jupiter.
6. The giant planet is:
1) Venus 2) Mars; 3) Jupiter 4) Earth.
7 ... In honor of the Greek deity, the lord of the underworld, the planet was named:
1) Saturn 2) Pluto; 3) Uranus; 4) Neptune.
8. The Earth's satellite is:
1) Triton 2) Io; 3) Moon 4) Miranda.
9. Read the statements and decide which ones are correct.
1. Neptune is the smallest planet in the solar system.
2. Pluto is the planet of the solar system farthest from the Sun.
3. The Great Red Spot is on Jupiter.
5. Only Saturn has rings.
6. The temperature on the surface of Mercury is + 130 ° С.
7. Pluto is the only planet whose "surroundings" have not yet been visited by terrestrial spacecraft.
8. Uranus and Neptune are often called "brothers" planets.
10. "PERSONALITY". Match and find pairs:
A) Konstantin Eduardovich TsiolkovskyB) Sergey Pavlovich Korolev
C) Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin
D) Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov
E) Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova
Rocket and space technology designer
The first astronaut in the history of mankind
First female astronaut
The first cosmonaut to walk into outer space
Scientist who proved that space exploration can be done with a rocket
What events are associated with these dates?
Define the terms
Star
Constellation
Meteorite
13. Think and answer the question. What is the role of our country in space exploration?
Astronomy solution for grade 11 for lesson number 16 ( workbook) - Small bodies of the solar system
1. Complete the sentences.
Dwarf planets are a separate class of celestial objects.
Dwarf planets are objects orbiting a star that are not satellites.
2. Dwarf planets are (underline as necessary): Pluto, Ceres, Charon, Vesta, Sedna.
3. Fill in the table: describe distinctive features small bodies of the solar system.
| Characteristics | Asteroids | Comets | Meteorites |
| Views in the sky | Star-like object | Diffuse object | "Shooting star" |
| Orbits |
|
Short period comets P< 200 лет, долгого периода - P >200 years old; the shape of the orbits - elongated ellipses | Diverse |
| Medium size | From tens of meters to hundreds of kilometers | Core - from 1 km to tens of km; tail ~ 100 million km; head ~ 100 thousand km | From micrometers to meters |
| Structure | Stony | Ice with stone particles, organic molecules | Iron, stone, iron-stone |
| Origin | Collision of planetesimals | Remnants of primary matter on the outskirts of the solar system | Debris from collisions, remnants of comet evolution |
| Consequences of a collision with the Earth | Explosion, crater | Air blast | Funnel on Earth, sometimes a meteorite |
4. Complete the sentences.
Option 1.
The remnant of a meteorite body that did not burn up in the earth's atmosphere and fell to the surface of the earth is called a meteorite.
Comet tail sizes can exceed millions of kilometers.
The comet's nucleus is made up of cosmic dust, ice and frozen volatile compounds.
Meteoric bodies burst into the Earth's atmosphere at speeds of 7 km / s (burn up in the atmosphere) and 20-30 km / s (do not burn up).
A radiant is a small area of the sky from which the apparent paths of individual meteors in a meteor shower diverge.
Large asteroids have their own names, for example: Pallas, Juno, Vesta, Astrea, Hebe, Iris, Flora, Metis, Hygea, Parthenopa, etc.
Option 2.
A very bright meteor, visible on Earth as a fireball flying across the sky, is a fireball.
Comet heads reach the size of the Sun.
The comet's tail is composed of rarefied gas and tiny particles.
Meteoric bodies flying into the Earth's atmosphere glow, evaporate and completely burn up at altitudes of 60-80 km, larger meteor bodies can collide with the surface.
Solid fragments of the comet are gradually distributed along the comet's orbit in the form of a cloud, elongated along the orbit.
The orbits of most asteroids in the solar system are located between the orbits of Jupiter and Mars in the asteroid belt.
5. Is there a fundamental difference in the physical nature of small asteroids and large meteorites? Argument your answer.
An asteroid becomes a meteorite only when it enters the Earth's atmosphere.
6. The figure shows the scheme of the meeting of the Earth with a meteor shower. Analyze the drawing and answer the questions.
What is the origin of the meteor shower (swarm of meteor particles)?
A meteor shower is formed during the decay of cometary nuclei.
What determines the period of revolution of a meteor shower around the Sun?
From the period of revolution of the progenitor comet, from the disturbance of the planets, the speed of the ejection.
In which case on Earth will it be observed the largest number meteors (meteor, or star, rain)?
When the Earth crosses the main mass of the meteorite swarm particles.
What is the principle behind the names of meteor showers? Name some of them.
By the constellation where the radiant is.
7. Draw the structure of the comet. Indicate the following elements: core, head, tail.
8. * What energy will be released during the impact of a meteorite with a mass of m = 50 kg, having a velocity at the Earth's surface v = 2 km / s?
9. What is the semi-major axis of the Halley comet's orbit if its orbital period is T = 76 years?
10. Calculate the approximate width in kilometers of the Perseid meteor shower, knowing that it is observed from July 16 to August 22.
Name and student ______________________________________________
Solar System Test
Underline the correct answer.
1. The celestial body that revolves around the sun: a) satellite; c) planet; b) meteorite; d) star.
2. The brightest planet in the solar system: a) Earth; c) Venus; b) Mars; d) Moon.
3. "Tailed" celestial bodies: a) asteroids; c) planets; b) comets; d) stars.
4. The central place in the solar system is occupied by: a) the Earth; c) Jupiter; b) the moon; d) the sun.
5. The smallest planet in the solar system: a) Mercury; c) Pluto; b) Mars; d) Uranus.
7. Space object revolving around the planet: a) star; c) asteroid; b) satellite; d) comet.
8. The planets of the solar system are studied by: a) geographers; c) astronomers; b) historians; d) chemists.
9. The largest planet in the solar system: a) Jupiter; c) Uranus; b) Saturn; d) Neptune.
10. The closest star to planet Earth: a) Polar; c) Antares; b) the moon; d) the sun.
Answers
1. The celestial body that revolves around the sun: a) satellite; in) planet ; b) meteorite; d) star.
2. The brightest planet in the solar system: a) Earth; in) Venus; b) Mars; d) Moon.
3. "Tailed" celestial bodies: a) asteroids; c) planets; b) comets; d) stars.
4. The central place in the solar system is occupied by: a) the Earth; c) Jupiter; b) the moon; d) The sun.
5. The smallest planet in the solar system: a) Mercury ; c) Pluto; b) Mars; d) Uranus.
7. Space object revolving around the planet: a) star; c) asteroid; b) satellite; d) comet.
8. The planets of the solar system are studied by: a) geographers; in) astronomers ; b) historians; d) chemists.
9. The largest planet in the solar system: a) Jupiter; c) Uranus; b) Saturn; d) Neptune.
10. The closest star to planet Earth: a) Polar; c) Sirius; b) the moon; d) the sun.
On the subject: methodological developments, presentations and notes
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Test on the topic: Solar system. (astronomy)
Option 1 Option 2
1.The laws of planetary motion were discovered by:
A) Ptolemy.
B) Copernicus.
C) Kepler.
D) Bruno. 1. The frame of reference associated with the Sun, proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus, is called:
A) geocentric;
B) heliocentric;
B) centric; D) Copernican.
2. All planets have satellites, except ...
A) Mercury B) Venus C) Earth D) Mars
E) Jupiter E) Saturn G) Uranus H) Neptune 2. The highest point of the celestial sphere is called ...
A) point north. B) the zenith.
C) nadir. D) point east.
3. Diameter of the Sun larger diameter Earth cA) 109 times B) 218 times C) 312 times 3. The age of the Sun: A) 2 billion years
B) 5 billion years C) 500 million years
4. Yearly parallax is used for:
A) determining the distance to the nearest stars;
B) determining the distance to the planets;
C) the distance passing by the Earth per year;
D) proof of the finiteness of the speed of light; 4. The line of intersection of the plane of the celestial horizon and the meridian is called ...
A) midday line.
B) true horizon.
C) right ascension.
5. Observing the starry sky at night for an hour, you noticed that the stars move across the sky. This is because: A) The Earth moves around the Sun B) The Sun moves along the ecliptic
C) the Earth rotates on its axis
D) stars move around the Earth 5. Find the location of the giant planets in order of distance from the Sun:
A) Uranus, Saturn, Jupiter, Neptune
B) Neptune, Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus
C) Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
D) there is no right answer
6. The cube of the semi-major axis of the orbit of the body, divided by the square of the period of its revolutions and by the sum of the masses of the bodies, is a constant value. What is Kepler's law? A) Kepler's first law; B) Kepler's second law;
C) Kepler's third law; D) Kepler's fourth law. 6. What is the value of the astronomical unit?
A) 160 million km. B) 149.6 million km.
B) 135 million km. D) 143.6 million km.
7. The distance from the Earth to the Sun is called:
A) light year B) parsec C) astronomical unit D) annual parallax 7. In what orbits do the planets move?
A) circular B) hyperbolic
C) elliptic D) parabolic
8. What are the main reasons for the changing seasons:
A) change in the distance to the Sun due to the movement of the Earth in an elliptical orbit;
B) the inclination of the earth's axis to the plane of the earth's orbit;
C) the rotation of the Earth around its axis;
D) temperature differences 8. The phenomenon of ebb and flow is explained by:
A) slow axial rotation of the moon
B) the attraction of the moon and the large size of the earth
C) large temperature differences on the moon
D) the movement of the moon around the earth
D) lunar eclipse
9. The ratio of the cubes of the major semiaxes of the planets is equal to 64. What is the ratio of their periods of revolution around the Sun?
A) 8 B) 4 C) 16 D) 2 9. The ratio of the cubes of the semiaxes of the orbits of the two planets is 16. Therefore, the period of revolution of one planet is greater than the period of revolution of the other:
A) 8 times B) 2 times C) 4 times D) 16 times
10. When is the Earth closest to the Sun due to its annual orbital motion?
A) in summer B) at perihelion C) in winter D) at aphelion 10. Below are the bodies that make up the solar system. Select an exception.
A) Sun B) large planets and their satellites C) asteroids D) comets E) meteors D) meteorites
11. Terrestrial planets include:
A) Venus; B) Jupiter; C) Saturn; D) Neptune. 11. Small bodies of the solar system include:
A) stars B) comets C) asteroids D) planets
12. The third corrected law of I. Kepler is used mainly to determine the stars:
A) distance B) period C) mass D) radius 12. How long does the light travel from the Sun to the Earth?
A) comes instantly B) Approximately 8 min.
C) 1 light year D) about a day
13. The period of time between two new moons is called: A) synodic month
B) sidereal month
C) full lunar month
D) calendar month 13. Each planet moves in such a way that the radius - the vector of the planet for equal intervals of time describes equal areas. What is Kepler's law? A) Kepler's first law; B) Kepler's second law;
C) Kepler's third law; D) Kepler's fourth law.
14. It is known that the orbit of any planet is an ellipse, in one of the focuses of which is the Sun. The orbital point closest to the Sun is called:
A) apogee B) perigee C) apogel D) perihelion 14. Relative to the Sun, the planets are located as follows:
A) Venus, Earth, Mars, Mercury, Neptune, Pluto, Saturn, Uranus, Jupiter. B) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Neptune, Pluto, Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus.
C) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto.
No. I II
1 B A
2 AB V
3 A B
4 A A
5 V V
6 C B
7 C C 8 B B
9 A B
10 B D
11 A BV
12 V B
13 A B