How to prepare a new soldering iron. Instructions, how to fow the sting of the soldering iron - how it is properly the logging of different types of soldering iron

Many domestic soldering iron produced with copper sting. For example, EPSN. Copper sting must be processed accordingly before you can work this soldering iron. Consider need to give a form convenient for soldering.

Some handle it with a simple file, and especially creative personalities prefer to push it. As a result, the sorry of the soldering iron becomes more durable and its dissolution in the solder is much smaller during the soldering process. But all sooner or later wonder how to make a soldering iron with a copper sting.

Sachets features

It is best to buy soldering tips, who are fastened with a special screw. Such a sting can always be easily removed and process it again. Of course, if it decreases in the process of use, this process will not be so easy. Therefore, using soldering iron with removable stals, it is necessary to remove them from time to time and clean the place of attachment so that it does not stick.

After the suggestion is granted the desired form, it must be fed. Under the phrase "How to Listen to the Soldier's Slap" "It should be understood that we will have to cover the workspace sting with a thin layer of solder. Make it is not too difficult. It is enough to turn on the soldering iron into the network, wait until it gets warm to the temperature at which the rosin will begin to melt, and then suck the sting in it.

After the soldering iron is warmed up to its working temperature, you need it part of which soldered, to cover the solder on all sides. It is better to take small pieces or solder, made in the form of a wire. A large piece of solder soldering iron with a power of 25 watts will not be able to melt.

The shape of the soldering iron

The shaft shaft can be different. The choice depends on the habits of the one who uses the soldering iron, and, of course, from the type of work produced with it. Some more like the sting of the soldering iron in the form of a cone, another - cropped under 45 degrees.

The fact is that even sharpened steering of the soldering iron can be soldered even transistors hidden in Sot-23 enclosures, SMD parts or condensers with resistors of 1206. To fall out of such parts from the boards in large quantities Typically, a conventional soldering iron with a capacity of about 25 watts is used to use the construction of about 25 watts, which has a sting of the letter P. It is necessary to remember what is being done before it is done to regret the soldering iron.

This is done in order not to overheating the findings of the part, which happens when the soldering iron is evaporated with a regular sting. And with the help of such a P-shaped, the conclusions are dropped immediately together, and the part is easily released from the soldering place.

Better when performing work on mass supply of radio components to use a soldering iron powerful, using a power regulator. It is not so difficult to make it yourself. In this case, a soldering iron is suitable with a capacity of up to 65 watts.

Pretty frequent cases when during the soldering suddenly begins to smoke the rosin. This means that the soldering iron is overheated. You have to turn it off from the network and wait until it cools. At the same time, if the soldering iron cools below the norm, it begins to solder badly. Using the power controller, such problems can be easily avoided, and it becomes much easier to work, but from the necessary preliminary work Nothing will remain anything but to endure the sting of the soldering iron.

Sharpening soldering

• The sharpening of the soldering iron sting is made with a file at an angle of 30-40 degrees.
• The region leaves 1 mm wide and slightly stupid.
• On a new soldering iron you only need to handle a shallow sowing sting to remove the patina. Patina is a copper oxide of greenish color.
• If the shop sharpening does not suit, then you need to take out the sting and put it on your own, giving the shape of a concave blade. This method has another plus - metal will become less prone to corrosion.
• To give a stream done, it remains to be processed by its file with a shallow notch.

How to Ladut Powers

Listen to the sting - means to cover it with a thin layer of solder. For this you need:

• Turn on the soldering iron and wait until the copper rod becomes a reddish-orange shade. It is not worth waiting for longer because the rod can burn.
• Immerse all the sting in the rosin and melt a small piece of solder.
• Cover the solder the entire surface of the sting. It will cover better if it is pre-losing it about a wooden surface.

How to get a non-empty sting?

You can find solders on sale, in which the working part is covered with a special non-reflected composition. This layer is very thin and clean it, as in the case of a conventional soldering iron, in no case cannot. The question arises: "How to raid the sting of the soldering iron, if it is impossible to clean it in the usual way?" It is necessary to use a special sponge. This is also suitable for which the mistresses usually wash the dishes, or a piece of fabric, pre-wetted in water. Using such soldering iron, it should be remembered that any mechanical impacts significantly reduce their service life.

To lose the sting of such a soldering iron, it is necessary to lower a piece of solder into the molten rosin, to lose sting on wet fabric, removing oxides from it, and then led the warmed soldering iron by the solder. After the meadow, it remains rubbed a rag of the sting, and the soldering iron is ready for work.

When working with any type of soldering supplies, try not to overheat them above 300 degrees with, otherwise you will have to register again. And of course, anyone who uses the soldering iron should know how to properly lick the sorry.

Work with electronics involves soldering materials. To learn it easy, and if there are incomprehensible nuances, they will disappear with experience. The tool requires maintenance for its quality work. The master you need to be able to properly post the sting of the soldering iron to hold the solder. The instrument does not have to be damaged. The quality of the soldering depends on the correct actions when processing the base.

Features of coatings

Solders simple type Traditionally have a copper sting. The material is still used since the invention of the tool due to its high thermal conducting properties. But there is a disadvantage - the ability to high wear. Copper burns out or dissolves into the solder. The lack required to eliminate, and manufacturers began to apply additional coating of nickel or silver.

Nickel has high strength and does not wear out. Long service life is the advantage of nickel coating. The disadvantage is weak adhesion. Such a tip does not hold the solder. The soldering can be performed only when the solder is submitted directly to the work area. The workspace is heated by sting, then a small part of the solder or soldering paste is lying. Grapping comes from heating.

Silver has good adhesion, but weakly conducts heat. In addition, the material is expensive. Over time, silver wear out and exposes the copper base. This is due to the fact that silver coating dissolves into the solder.

Features of spraying complicate work and service. Therefore, radio amateurs, especially the older generation, prefer copper soldering iron. But copper staga has a flaw - hot copper is instantly oxidized. The interaction with air occurs only on a thin layer, but this is enough for zero adhesion. Heat is also transmitted worse. Way out - tip always need to cover the thin layer of solder.

Tin can not be applied before soldering, because copper begins under its layer. Slags appear on the burnout site, due to which there is no adhesion. Master begins to be distracted from work.

Abrasive materials are rapidly coated. Nickel or ceramics are applied with a thin layer on the sting - that's why you can not get them. The expensive tip will turn into a copper bar.

The process of preparing copper sting

The coating process does not cause difficulties. Melted solder is well to bed on hot copper, but with one condition - it must be clean. It is possible to achieve this only at low temperatures. The oxidation with increasing temperature accelerates and adhesion disappears. Cold solder can not stick to the stall because it does not melt. It turns out a vicious circle.

Slands, remnants of rosin and plastic, scale and other trash can be removed on a cold tool. The rod before this operation is pulled out not to damage the heater. The sting inside the heater is also oxidized, which worsens heat transfer. Electricity due to scale overcomes the excess resistance and isted.

Before making a soldering iron with a copper sting, it needs to be cleaned of dirt. Make it with a file or sandpaper. The material should be sharpened to the pure layer to appearance was like a new one. It's easier to make sandpaper. The surface is polished to a smooth state - so oxidation is slower.

The oxidation speed can be reduced if the sting is made. Make it with a hammer on the anvil. Neat blows strengthen the surface and give the shape of a copper rod. Next, go to the meadow process until it was covered with slags.

Methods of tinnitory sting:

Proper preparation will allow not to be nervous at the initial stage of work. After time, the process must be redone due to the fact that copper begins to oxidize.

Luduing of modern coating

Tips from ceramics and nickels do not need to brude. This is read by manufacturers, but it is nothing more than advertising. Modern coatings are also prone to oxidation, only the process is slower. Listen to the sting of the soldering iron soldering station modern type In the usual way it will not work - the coating will be sturd.

Cleaning is performed by a wet cloth of their x / b fabrics. Take a solid rosin, where is a little solder. The tip should be rubbed with a cloth and instantly dip in the rosin. A piece of solder is treated vertically down. Solder melts and envelops the cone sting.

Cleaning in the process

Correct the soldering iron is important not only during preparation for work. After some time, the soldering can happen that the material will again not stick to the base. It happens in 15 minutes. Under the layer of the meturn burns copper. There are several ways to find a soldering iron while working.

Broo tree

The tree bar is unknown should always be at hand at the master. Coniferous rocks are used, since such wood has a natural rosin. On the wood pour flux and lies a little solder. As soon as Okalo appears on the stare, rub him about the tree. During this process, the base is cleared and detected.

Sponge of metal

Method of instant fogging of the soldering iron. Factory soldering installations are equipped with a similar device in the form of a sponge of steel in a container.

The wizard is convenient to use a similar method, but it can be improved. The bottom of the sponge is empty by flux - soldering lady. With a shallow immersion, it will be easy to clean. And if on the base to apply solder and lay it deeply, to the base of the sponge, then the cleaning will be combined with a mezzani.

The method is optimal for modern tips with ceramic or nickel spraying. Even the soldering iron with a subtle stale from copper can be so cleaned and listed. Damage to the device is difficult to apply even with a strong press.

Using rosin

Method for a traditional tool with simple sting from copper. The metal is quickly oxidized and after 10-15 minutes the solder is no longer pickled. If you clean it separately from flux, then the master will not have time to convey the soldering iron - so quickly passes oxidation.

Clean the tool because of this in rosin. Under the soldering iron is a false feet, you can use the steel wire. Then the clutch is clutch until the flux is melted. Solder should not be.

Classic method and prevention

Previous ways invented the wizard relatively recently. Our ancestors, even fathers, made a mezzanium somewhat differently. To do this, the file was required with a shallow notch, workbench for work (you can replace the board), rosin and the maximum refractory solder.

Procedure:

The procedure takes 10 minutes, no less. A large number of The preparation time pays off by the fact that with the tool you can work for several days without special training.

Work for a long time will provoke overheating. Increase temperatures enhances oxidation and rod has to be prepared for operation more often. In order to avoid unnecessary procedures, some rules should be adhered to.

Preventive oxidation measures:

The tool always need to keep ready. After a long failure, the sore of the soldering iron does not light due to strong oxidation. Restoring the adhesion of the coating, especially from copper, carry out rosin. After immersing in it, the sting is rubbed with a cloth x / b. While working the soldering iron also periodically needs to be cleaned.

Soldering materials when working with electronics - the usual thing. Learning to solder easily, besides with experience, skill will only grow. But the tool requires quality service so that it worked well. The master you need to be able to correctly felt the sting of the soldering iron, so that it was holding a solder on it, while you can not damage the tip.

Existing coatings and their features

Traditional material is copper. She has good thermal conductivity, so copper is used in production since the invention of the soldering iron. But the material is inherent in the disadvantage - high wear. For this metal, burnout is characterized and the ability to dissolve into the solder. Over time, manufacturers have begun to work on the disadvantages that caused coatings with spraying from nickel or silver.

Nickel is distinguished by resistance to wear and high strength. As a result, the consumer receives a tip with a long service life. But there is a flaw - weak adhesion, due to which the nickel tip is not able to keep the solder well. The soldering can be performed only by submitting the material directly to the place that pre-warm sting.

Silver is characterized by good adhesion, but low thermal conductivity. The material is able to dissolve into the solder and has a high cost. When working, a copper base is exposed very quickly, and expensive sting have to throw out soon.

The radio amateurs are still actively using copper tips, avoiding improved coatings. It is necessary to put up with a feature of copper - fast oxidation at high temperatures. As a result, adhesion falls, and masters need to quickly clean the tip, washing a thin layer of metal and cleaning it from slags.

Modern sting with spraying is also required to prepare for work, only a somewhat different technique. Solder accumulates on their surface, which periodically delete. This is done in such a way as not to damage expensive coverage, otherwise, instead of sting with a spraying, you can get an ordinary copper bar.

Preparation of copper stala

Solder fits well on a slightly heated tip, but with one condition - it should be clean. This is possible only at low temperatures, because with stainted stained it is difficult to carry out manipulations. Task at the beginning of work - Clear tool. After heating, the oxidized layer should be performed periodically to improve adhesion.

From a cold soldering iron, you can remove the rod and spend it high-quality cleaning. At the same time, accidentally damage the heater will not work. It is fully treated with the entire tip, because inside the heater copper is also oxidized from high temperature. This worsens heat transfer, and electric power consumes.

Before taking a soldering iron with a copper sting, it should be cleaned of dirt. Work is performed by a file and emery paper. The material is sharpened to the pure layer so that copper has a kind of new. Initially, it is carried out coarse cleaning with a file, and then sandpaper polished the surface to a smooth state.

The masters with experience makes the tip, which slightly reduces the speed of oxidation. The process is to evenly strengthen the surface of the copper rod with neat blows of the hammer on the anvil.

Copper staging is performed by 2 ways. - Kanifoli and rubbing tin. The first option is characterized by high chimphosis, so it is not recommended for residential premises due to hazard for health. The procedure is recommended on the balcony. The purified sting is placed in the tank with the rosin, which is pre-lay a little solder, which instantly covers the tip and does not give it to oxidize. After the sting, rub with natural cloth. Do it carefully so as not to burn. Solder try to grasp copper.

Grounding Tin is a practically smokeless method. Purified sting heated and poppy in rosin. After a warm surface, rolled with tin. The procedure is repeated several times, the protective layer is riveted with cloth.

Primary processing of base with spraying

A sting with a spraying of ceramics or nickel is not needed, - the manufacturers are advised, but it is nothing more than an advertising move. Such coatings are also prone to oxidation, but the process is slower. To felt the sting of the soldering iron of the brandy station of modern type by a proven method will not work - it will destroy the coating.

The cleaning of such tips is performed with a small piece of cotton fabric. To do this in the rosin add solder And they dip in the mixture a preheated sting that is pre-rubbed with a rag. Melted solder envelops the tip and forms a protective layer.

Lunetration in the process of soldering

Preparation for work is carried out in a relaxed atmosphere. After some time, the adhesion of the sting declines, because copper begins to burn. It usually starts after 5-10 minutes. There are several ways to correct the soldering iron while working.

Wooden barber

The boards made of coniferous breeds should always be at hand at the master. Such wood contains natural rosin. Flux poured on the bar and lay a little solder. As soon as the sting is losing the adhesion, it rubs it on a tree. Thus, it is possible not only to clean, but also to lose a soldering iron.

Metal sponge

The method is characterized by high speed. Factory soldering stations have a container with a metal sponge. In everyday life enjoy the usual metal washcloth.

Experienced masters lubricate the bottom of the sponge flux. Shade's shadowless immersion will allow you to have a simple cleaning. But if the base is the base in the solder, and then immerse deep into the sponge, pulling to the flux layer, then cleaning will be combined with a contest.

The tool is difficult to damage even with a strong press. The method is suitable for any type of devices.

Proven method and prevention

Previous methods were invented relatively recently. Our ancestors conducted a mezzanium somewhat differently, using a file with a shallow notch. It will take the workbench to perform work, which is sometimes replaced by the board, as well as rosin and refractory solder.

Procedure:

The procedure will take at least 10 minutes. This time pays off with the fact that with the tool it will be possible to work longer without conducting additional cleaning.

Preventive oxidation measures:

Conscious masters always keep the tool at the ready. Write the sorry of the soldering iron is preferably after work and additionally in front of it, after long-term storage. Preventive measures during the soldering will help to get rid of the weak adhesion of the solder to the tip from any material.

Sometimes homemade craftsmen are perplexed why the electric pot works badly, even recently bought. It is often explained by the fact that his sting in the course of operation burns, covering the layer of Nagar, and the solder does not want to stick to him. Many, of course, know that you need to remove the Nagar and lose the sting of the soldering iron, but do not follow all the rules of work. At the same time, they do not always take into account the peculiarities of the solders of various designs.

The solder station is safe and convenient, thanks to the exact setting of the operating temperature.

For quality work, the following devices, tools and aids are needed:

• electric staple with stand;
• file, sandpaper;
• stationery knife;
• pliers;
• vice;
• solder;
• flux;
• pieces of an old terry towel;
• foam sponge;
• glycerol.

See also:

- Features and graininess.

How to choose oil for chainsaws.

Specificity of domestic electrical appliances

Photo 1. The design of the soldering iron.

The selected soldering iron must comply with the nature of the upcoming work. It is no coincidence that they differ in their power. A weak device will not be able to warm up large areas of the soldering, and too powerful will overheat and burn metal.

The principle of choice of a suitable electrician is: the greater the parts to be taken to work, the more powerful need the device.

So, the installation of small electron microcircuits is carried out by soldering iron from 4 to 18 W. For work S. printed posts Their power varies from 25 to 60 W. And large parts, housing or chassis need to solder only electrical appliances from 50 to 120 W.

In ordinary domestic soldering iron (see photo 1) the temperature to which the sting is not adjustable and can reach + 450 ° C. Such heat Often not only is not needed, but also harmful. Touching rosin resembles a volcanic eruption. Soldering is low quality, and the operating body of the electrical appliance, having quickly worn out, fails.

For ordinary household needs, of course, a simple cheap soldering iron is quite suitable. And acquire the first skills of soldering better, starting with such an appliance. But if delicate work has to be performed, it makes sense to purchase the so-called soldering station.

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Benefits of soldering station

Its design provides a thermostat, thanks to which you can set the desired temperature of the sting. It feeds from a compact mini transformer that gives a low voltage from 12 to 36 V, so working soldering station Much safer. In addition, thanks to galvanic junction, no network electromagnetic tips penetrate into the soldered electronic parts, for example, in particular types of diodes.

Schemes of the temperature regulators of the soldering iron.

In addition, the domestic soldering iron uses a copper sting of reddish-red color. Copper has excellent thermal conductivity, but it has a significant drawback: it is extremely quickly oxidized from contact with air. And quite the finest film of copper oxide on the stare, so that she rejects the tin or its alloys.

The problem is that fluxes - means to remove films on the surfaces of the soldered parts - are corrosive not only oxides, but also the copper of the sting. In addition, it gradually dissolve solders. And over time, the working body of the soldering iron is not to know: it is completely in the grooves, irregularities. Because of them, the sting of that and the matter has to be sharpened. When using rosin - sometimes weekly, and applying flux without rosin - hardly in an hour.

In Japan, China, the USA, other countries have long been eliminated by this disadvantage, releasing durable, unknown stages. They can immediately be distinguished from domestic on brilliant white color. Such a color gives them a thin protective layer of nickel, but the base of the sting is all the same copper.

When working such a stale, the solder does not ride on it, and comes exactly to the place of the soldering. To handle the soldering station is very careful, without making gross physical effort. Otherwise, you can easily damage the nickel protection of the sting, and because of the exposed sections of copper, it will soon come into disrepair.

Soldering stations of world firms Hakko, Pace, Ersa, Weller, Antex, Adcola, Ungar are characterized by a thicker coating and are much longer, but also cost much more than Chinese products. The sting of the Goot series (Japan) has a special strength, whose copper rod is covered with a double thick layer: first steel, and then aluminum. But even such a "eternal" sting also cannot be left without protection - it should be under the thin layer of solder.

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Copper Core Luzhny Rules

So, so that you can solder the details high quality and quickly, you should lose the sting of the soldering iron (see video). The tip of the new or already visited the device should be cleaned up to the brilliance with a file and sandpaper. And completely - and its open part, and the soldier being in the body. By the way, interior The sting preferably lubricate the thermal resistant - it improves thermal conductivity and facilitates the subsequent removal of the tip.

Then the soldering iron is heated, periodically checking the tip the state of the rosin. A small piece of solder is put into the container with the molten rosin. Then they quickly lower the sting stupid and wrapped with wet cloth, placing it under a piece of solder.

In this case, the liquid rosin cleans the core from the oxide of copper, and the melting solder immediately lists it. No need to save rosin - if it is not enough, the solder will be distributed over the surface of the tip unevenly, tubercles. And you need to seek his layer to be uniform.

Then it remains only to quickly remove the surplus of the coating, the wet was sting with a wet towel.

And in the future, it is necessary to ensure that it does not heat over + 300 ° C, otherwise the core will oxidize again and all the works will be useless.

Some craftsmen vary the temperature, connecting the dimmer to the soldier - the power controller regulator.

To lose the sting of the device, experienced masters We use the solder "Pos-40" brand (with 40% tin) in the form of thick rods, which are usually flattened before work. A less desirable solder "Pos-61" is less desirable - it is easier to mow, so its layer on the core will burn much faster. To put the solder on the stinging most convenient for the second, more powerful soldering iron.

IN modern house, filled with appliances, often encounter simple breakdowns, which, with due ability to easily eliminate themselves. Most often occurs such a breakdown as the disconnection of the contacts and the rupture of the wires. At home with such a problem, you can cope with the help of an ordinary soldering iron.

On the set of sites there are instructions, how to choose a soldering iron and solder yourself, how to choose solder and flux. But for the most part, such an important question is descended in the instructions how to correct the soldering iron.

If it is incorrectly to prepare a tool for work, then the results of the effort will be completely substantial, and contacts in the device are unreliable.

The meadow method is mainly affected by the material from which it is made directly to the sting of the soldering iron.

Copper

The most popular and affordable are sting made of copper and its alloys. This metal has good thermal conductivity, however, has a big minus-copper sting very soft and for this reason it is very quickly wearing. Also copper sting are not suitable for working on fine radio components.

Not overtook tips

Much best features Have non-burning sting. They are also made of copper alloys, but have a special protective coating of nickel or silver.

Finding the instruction how to regret the sting of such a soldering iron will not work - this process is performed at the stage of the manufacture of sting, and thanks to the special coating, this operation will no longer have to repeat.

Steel

In rare cases, you can meet the soldering iron with a stained made of steel. This material is much longer and durable compared to copper, but has a very bad thermal conductivity. This determines the very low popularity of the soldering iron with steel tips.

Ceramics

Recently, the very popularity of soldering tips with stals made from ceramics are gaining popularity. They have enviable thermal conductivity, are not covered by oxides and as a result, no longer requires.

Also, due to its density, the ceramic tip can be quite subtle that it is impossible to work better for working with small radio components and creating author jewelry.

Composite tips

You can find a stagnant from several metals on sale. When creating such parts, all pros and cons of each of the metals used are taken into account to fully reflect its advantages and level the disadvantages.

The most popular is the combination of metals as the compound of steel, copper and nickel. Solid steel serves as the axis of stiffness, soft copper serves as a good conductor, and nickel coating protects the copper sting from oxidation.

Beginning of work

Start work with a new and previously used tool must be completely different.

How to post a new soldering iron?

It is worth remembering that only copper and steel sting needed in the meadulation. For others this procedure not required.

Start work with a new soldering iron should be deleted from its surface of the patina - greenish plaque, which create oxidation products. Patina is removed using fine-grained emery paper. Next, you can proceed directly to the suspension.

To know how to get a copper soldering iron, you need to know what a mud. Under this term is understood as the surface coating of sting with a thin layer of preheated solder. This operation will help prevent metal oxidation during operation, which will beneficially affect the quality of the seam.

After removing the oxides from the new soldering iron and giving the desired shape to the old staring, you can start a congestion. For this, the soldering iron is heated to the melting point of rosin, after which it is processed by a sting.

To fulfill this process it was easier, you can see the photo how to fill the soldering iron. This will help to choose the optimal amount of solder and rosin to perform this work.

Photo instruction how to regret the sore