Calculation of an active cutter for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands. "Crow's feet" for the walk-behind tractor

A walk-behind tractor is a full-fledged assistant where manual labor in the field or in the garden takes too much time and requires a lot of physical effort. Today, a small-sized unit can be found in almost every yard or farm, so it is a useful "thing". And in fact, the range of tasks that can be easily performed is quite wide, all kinds of land cultivation, cultivation of beds and even harvesting. And the presence of additional hook-on attachments only enhances the capabilities of a miniature tractor. One of the most effective acquisitions can be “ crow's feet"For the walk-behind tractor.

What does a walk-behind tractor need "crow's feet" for?

One of the main functions of a walk-behind tractor in a field or garden is high-quality plowing of the land on the site for further planting or sowing. For its implementation, milling cutters are used - the main working element of the walk-behind tractor. This is the name of the axis on which knives of various configurations are put on. When rotating around the axis, these knives seem to cut the ground, thereby plowing it. Thanks to this, cutters are also called soil cutters. When working on the site, not only the land is pruned, but also the plants growing in it. Thus, the cutters plow the soil and also fight weeds.

There are several types of cutters. The most common are saber-shaped, with a speaking shape of knives. As a rule, this is a collapsible design. On the contrary, the nozzle for the "crow's feet" walk-behind tractor is not disassembled into parts, but has a cast configuration. They are made from carbon steel. main feature"Crow's feet" - the triangular shape of the ends of the knives, providing sufficient crumbling and mixing of the soil. Such a continuous configuration is due to the need for strength when working on solid ground, virgin soil, and its cultivation. Such can be considered areas where the earth is with large lumps.

Features of plowing "crow's feet" with a walk-behind tractor

Basically, the described nozzle is used for plowing a plot for potatoes, when it is necessary to remove large clods of soil or to prevent development. By the way, gardeners note the fact that weeds are perfectly wound on the "crow's feet", but they are not cut down. In this regard, speaking about whether it is necessary to sharpen the "crow's feet" on the walk-behind tractor, we can recommend this procedure. The fact is that manufacturers do not sharpen the edges of the knives of this attachment. After sharpening, you will notice that medium-sized weeds are easier to cut, and work on hard ground is much easier.

How to choose crow's feet cutters?

When choosing this important component of a walk-behind tractor, first of all, it is important to pay attention to the size of the "crow's feet" for the walk-behind tractor. This is more related to the correspondence of the diameter of the axis of the attachment for the landing shaft of the model of your unit. They are produced in sizes 30 mm and 25 mm. Moreover, on milling cutters with a diameter of 25 mm, there are three rows of three knives each. Such products are suitable for motoblocks such as "Texas", "Neva", "Caiman", "Mole" and others. Models "Crow's feet" with an axis diameter of 30 mm are selected for motoblocks such as "Cascade", "Salute", "Caiman Vario", "Master Yard" and others. On such a product there are not three, but four rows of knives. Moreover, the width of the treated surface is increased.

Another criterion that you should pay attention to when selecting "crow's feet" cutters for a walk-behind tractor is the outer diameter, which, accordingly, depends on the plowing depth. The larger this diameter, the deeper the knives are able to cut into the soil. Meanwhile, the quality of the "crow's feet" must be at the same level, otherwise metal breakage cannot be avoided.

Milling cutters for a walk-behind tractor are attachments designed for plowing, loosening the soil, mixing it with mineral and organic fertilizers, and controlling weeds and pests.

Due to their high agrotechnical characteristics and a large degree of crumbling, the rotary tillers create an optimal soil density, increase its biological and biochemical activity, while significantly increasing the yield. Land cultivation is carried out in the spring before planting crops and after the autumn harvesting of rough-stemmed plants.

The devices are installed on walk-behind tractors and cultivators as a working tool. They can be supplied in a basic kit when buying motor vehicles, sold separately in domestic markets, and some craftsmen make them on their own.

Varieties of cutters for a walk-behind tractor

Milling cutters for a walk-behind tractor may differ from each other in shape and design, the number of knives and their location. They are installed at the rear of motor vehicles and depend on the power take-off shaft. Tillers give the best results when the driving speed is increased.

The general device of the cutter can be described as a set of tillage plate knives placed under different angles on blades welded or fastened with fasteners to a rotating axis.

The blades smoothly and alternately enter the soil, which favorably affects the transmission of the walk-behind tractor.

There are 2 types of cutters:

• active, or saber-shaped;
• crow's feet.

Active saber

The standard set of motor vehicles includes saber cutters. They are effective and popular with farmers.

The tiller for the walk-behind tractor has a collapsible design, so installation, maintenance, repair and transportation are as simple as possible.

Instead of wheels, blocks are installed on the rotating axle, consisting of 4 cutting mechanisms at an angle of 90 ° to each other, fastened with bolts, nuts and washers. The number of blocks on each side of the drive is different: 2, 3 or more units. The number of knives and the width of the module are influenced by the mass of equipment and its power.

The knife of an active milling cutter for a walk-behind tractor is a strip curved at the ends. The folds are directed alternately in different directions.

In the factory, the blades are made from durable alloy or high-carbon steel with mandatory thermal hardening and high-frequency treatment. At self-production masters recommend the use of heat-treated and hardened spring steel 50HGFA.

Hinged mechanisms called "crow's feet" are used relatively recently. High efficiency is achieved due to their specific shape. The design of the cutters is all-welded and non-separable. The knives are made in the shape of a triangle located at the end of the rack.

Do-it-yourself cutters for a walk-behind tractor can be made at home without impressive material costs. Homemade cutters for the walk-behind tractor are an integral part of this unit.

In some cases, it is necessary to install equipment on the Neva motor-cultivator that provides a large width and depth of soil cultivation. For this, the cultivator is equipped with factory cutters.

1 Mills for a walk-behind tractor - purpose, features of use

The Neva model motor-cultivator, like other analogues of such equipment, structurally consists of an internal combustion engine, which is mounted on a metal frame equipped with two wheels. The handle of the Neva walk-behind tractor is equipped with buttons for controlling the unit and attachments.

The tiller with an active milling cutter has a frame with a mounted hitch. Attachments are attached to the trailed device of the Neva unit - milling cutters for a walk-behind tractor.

With the help of milling cutters for walk-behind tractors, the subsequent tillage is carried out. Mills for the Neva walk-behind tractor affect:

• plowing quality;
• ease of control of the unit during tillage;
• the reliability of the transmission of the device;
• the efficiency of the power unit of the cultivator.

Home-made and factory cutters for a walk-behind tractor (knives) are presented in the form of the main working body of the unit. Houndstooth knives are intended for:

• loosening of soil layers;
• creating a certain structure of the cultivated soil layer;
• weed control and destruction during processing.

You can assemble a milling cutter for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands, I have a minimum set of tools at hand. Houndstooth knives are the most common version of a milling cutter for a walk-behind tractor.

Other types of milling cutters for walk-behind tractors can differ significantly in their shape and structure. Cutters for a walk-behind tractor of the "crow's feet" modification differ from analogues in the number of cutting edges, their location and design.

Cutter "crow's feet

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Milling cutters for walk-behind tractors are considered the most important component of this unit, and the material from which they are made directly affects indicators such as the depth and quality of the tillage of the soil layer.

This attachment can be assembled independently, but it should be remembered that the most high-quality cutters for walk-behind tractors are those that are made by forging with self-sharpening.

You can assemble the cutter to the walk-behind tractor using stamped metal sheets. Such cutters for the walk-behind tractor will have an implicitly pronounced cutting edge. In most cases from stamped metal sheets cutters for motoblocks of the "crow's feet" type are being assembled.

2 Varieties of cutters for a walk-behind tractor - active, crow's feet

Milling cutters for walk-behind tractors can be of two varieties, these are:

• Houndstooth knives
• Active (saber).

Active knives are maximally adapted for all types of work performed. Their saber shape is considered the most popular, and it is quite simple to assemble them correctly with your own hands.

The effectiveness of active cutters was confirmed by the results of their use over the course of decades, and in most cases, cultivators are equipped with active (saber) cutters.

For the manufacture of such attachments high quality carbon steel with a high degree of strength is used.

Active knives are characterized by a collapsible design, assembly and installation of products takes several minutes.

The steel used to create active cutters is completely incompatible with welding, and the so-called thermal hardening is used to improve the mechanical strength of products during production. To enhance strength, the finished product is treated with high-frequency current.

Relatively recently, "crow's feet" cutters began to be used for motoblocks. This modification is recommended for the treatment of difficult and hard soil types.

It is this type of suspension equipment that is used in difficult conditions of unevenness and rocky soils.

The design of such knives is solid, which directly increases the strength characteristics of the products. The cutters are produced with standard technical characteristics:

• width - 40 cm;
• length - 37 cm;
• height - 38 cm;
• weight - 16 kg;
• permissible working speed of the cultivator - 2-5 km / h.

Such a tool also has its drawbacks - ordinary carbon steel does not have high strength characteristics. The knife should be inspected regularly, especially when working on clay soils.

2.1 Features of the assembly of milling cutters of a motor-cultivator

If in the process of creation you need curly components, then it makes sense to order them from the master of blacksmithing.

Other structural elements are manufactured independently. The assembly must be done correctly, focusing on the existing drawing.

If the assembly does not occur correctly, then during operation the walk-behind tractor may deviate from the line of movement, which will complicate the cultivation of the land. The cutter blades are inserted into special slots and fastened with bolts.

In this case, it is important to correctly place the cutting edge of the petal. It should be placed in the direction of travel and with a sharp end plunged into the soil.

The additional section is attached to the main section using pins, and the limiting metal disc is connected to the frame using bolts.

When assembling a 4-blade cutter, follow the sequence of the right and left blades on the mounting plate.

2.2 Motor-cultivator with cutters "crow's feet" (video)

2.3 We make do-it-yourself cutters for a walk-behind tractor

For self-manufacture of a milling cutter for a motor cultivator, the following parts and tools are required:

• metal tube with a diameter of 42 mm;
• welding machine;
• angle grinder (grinder);

Do-it-yourself assembly of the unit allows you to accurately adjust its dimensions to the characteristics of a particular land plot.

Used vehicle spring plates can be used to create good soil openers.

During the manufacturing process, the blades should be adjusted to size and bent at the required angle in one direction. Using a welding machine, you need to attach the cutting elements to a pre-prepared tube.

During assembly, the cutting edge can be sharpened in the direction of the planned rotation of the machine. Further, the ready-to-use structure is connected to the unit's coupling unit, and during a test run, the necessary adjustments are made.

The "crow's feet" construction is assembled from metal elements with a diameter not exceeding 500 mm.

Due to these dimensional restrictions, the tool will be able to enter the ground to a depth of 250 mm. During operation, it is worth paying attention to the fact that the knives pierce the ground consistently. In this case, jerks and blows should be avoided.

Cultivation or milling of the soil is one of the most important stages in the cultivation of a land plot. In the process of milling, the soil is loosened and mixed. The choice of depth for such cultivation is very important, the optimum will be up to 25 cm. Thus, the properties of the soil, its fertility are improved, and the land plot is leveled. This process is also often combined with fertilization.

For the owner of summer cottages and vegetable gardens, the mechanization of this process has become more accessible with the advent of motoblocks. The choice between a shovel and a walk-behind tractor with a cutter became obvious. The power of the walk-behind tractor is quite enough to process not only sandy soils, but also virgin soil. The main thing here is to competently approach the choice of additional equipment.

What depends on the correct choice of milling cutter for a walk-behind tractor:

• Cultivation quality. In most cases, you can even do without a plow;
• Your efforts and the time that you will spend on performing a certain amount of work;
• Ease of control of the walk-behind tractor and the load on the operator during milling;
• The load on the walk-behind tractor, in particular on the gearbox.

Today, you can already choose the cutters with which your walk-behind tractor will be aggregated, depending on its power and the type of soil being processed.

Factory cutter

Most motoblocks and cultivators are equipped with such cutters when sold. Depending on the situation, they can be assembled or disassembled. You can choose any walk-behind tractor, but unfortunately you cannot choose which cutter to equip it with initially.

The design is an axle with welded plates, to which saber knives are directly attached. The finished milling cutter can consist of several such sections, connected to each other with bolts. By adding or removing a section, you can adjust the cultivation width.

Pros and cons of a factory cutter:

The main plus is that it is supplied immediately with the walk-behind tractor. The milling cutter does not badly cope with its main task, provided that the work is carried out in a previously processed area.

Now about the realities. If we are talking about Chinese walk-behind tractors, knives on a cutter are their weak point. Bad metal will make itself felt, perhaps even in the very first season, bolts and welding joints also leave much to be desired. If you cultivate a virgin land plot or where there is a lot of grass, the process will not be pleasant. It will be difficult to hold the walk-behind tractor, and the load on the gearbox will be high.

But do not rush to get upset, it is no longer a problem to find high-quality knives of Polish or Ukrainian production, there is plenty to choose from, the issue with bolts is even easier to solve. And making a better welded joint is not a problem for our brother either.

Such a cutter is an all-welded structure, an axis and knives welded to it, with triangular tips or, as they are called, crow's feet.

Pros and cons of the crow's feet cutter

The main disadvantage is not a collapsible design. But this is not essential if you choose a quality cutter.

But there are many advantages:

• You yourself choose the number of sections to be installed on the walk-behind tractor. Depending on the technical characteristics your walk-behind tractor and your requirements, thus the milling width is regulated.
• Can handle harder soils.
• Better interrupts plant residues.
• The sleeve can be hex or round. An important point when choosing attachments, due to which it can be used on different models motoblocks.
• Reduces the load on the gearbox.
• Greatly facilitates handling.

Based on our experience, it is the "crow's feet" cutter that is the optimal choice for an air-cooled walk-behind tractor. Largely due to its versatility, reliability and practicality.

"Celina" - a spiral cutter for a walk-behind tractor

If you need to cultivate virgin land, the best choice there will be a spiral cutter. Like "Crow's Feet", "Celina" has an all-welded structure, this was done on purpose to strengthen it and it could withstand higher loads. Spirally welded knives are equipped with virgin-type tips.

Pros and cons of the Celina cutter

The disadvantages, perhaps, can be attributed to slower work, but this is not surprising, on the virgin soil you will not accelerate. As a disadvantage, it can be noted that during the cultivation process, the soil is pushed from the center to the edges. A small groove is formed and the land plot will require subsequent alignment.

Pros are difficult to overestimate:

• Better than other existing cutters copes with virgin soil.
• Great cultivation depth.
• Perfectly loosens the soil.
• Very robust and durable construction.

So, we can safely conclude that for better processing of your land, you should not stop your choice on a factory cutter. If you want to increase yields, reduce the load on the walk-behind tractor and save time and effort, we recommend choosing a crow's feet cutter. If you have to work hard on a virgin land - your choice is the "Celina" soil milling machine.

Milling cutters for a walk-behind tractor. Choice, comparison. was last modified: April 24th, 2018 by administrator

When a do-it-yourself "crow's feet" cutter is made, the drawings are prepared after determining the type of structure:

• with 3 rows (axle diameter 25 mm);
• with 4 rows (axle diameter 30 mm).

Structural elements

Before you make a milling cutter for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands, a design diagram is studied. The product is installed on a walk-behind tractor or a motor-cultivator with an appropriate axis diameter. The minus of the cutter is the absence of sharp edges and the winding of weeds on the blades. If necessary, additional elements are installed on a self-made structure. You can independently make a tool with one-piece and non-separable "crow's feet".

To make curly parts of a cutter for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands, you will need forging equipment. Specialists recommend paying special attention to the assembly of the structure. Otherwise, the axis of the walk-behind tractor will be violated. In the process of installing the product, the direction of rotation of the teeth is taken into account.

The “crow's feet” construction is assembled from elements up to 500 mm in diameter. This size limitation allows the tool to enter the soil up to 260 mm. Self-made knives should enter the ground consistently, without jerking or impacting. In order for the product to be used for a long time, experts advise to adhere to certain rules. When starting the unit, the crow's feet are positioned above the ground. Then they start the revolutions, slowly lowering the blades into the ground.

To do simple design, use:

• metal pipe with a diameter less than 42 mm;
• welding machine;
• parts used for digging up the soil;
• grinder.

Vehicle springs can be used as plowing elements. The blades are adjusted according to the parameters and bent in the desired direction. Using a welding machine, the elements are attached to the pipe from different sides. The blades are sharpened in the direction of their movement. The resulting structure is fixed to the walk-behind tractor. If irregularities are found in the operation of the unit, it will be necessary to remove and adjust it.

The saber cutter is able to perform almost all types of work due to the shape of its blades.

In order for the technique to simultaneously plow the land and destroy the weeds, experts recommend making a soil milling cutter. This tool is used for sowing in the spring. Unlike crow's feet, the soil structure is presented in the form of bent sabers, which are fixed to the shaft in the right order... In this case, the shaft rotation speed is equal to 200 rpm. The tool is installed on the back of the equipment. The operation of the unit depends on the PTO shaft.

The "crow's feet" cutter for a mini-tractor is presented in the form of a rotating shaft with blades. Due to the drive, the structure is immersed in the soil, lifting and shifting it. The width of each blade should not exceed 100 cm, the weight is 16 kg, the rotation speed is 2-5 km / h, the length is 38 cm, and the height is 38 cm. With the help of such a tool, the farmer can make beds, loosen the soil.

The blades for the device are made of steel with a thickness of 12 mm. Additionally, the material undergoes thermal hardening and high-frequency current treatment. Nodes and connections are installed as rigidly as possible. As a reducer, experts recommend using a pick-up-stacker PK-1.6. A non-collapsible cutter has a higher strength than a collapsible tool. For the processing of clay soil, it is recommended to make 2 crow's feet cutters. Do the same for early processing soil.

To change the blade depth, an adjustable opener is made.

This sturdy plate is welded vertically to the walk-behind tractor. The final tillage depth is directly influenced by the tool diameter.

Conclusion on the topic

The saber shape of the legs ensures safe work on the walk-behind tractor. When hitting the root of a tree, the tool lifts it. At the same time, tillage continues. If you make a straight cutter, then it will catch on a stone or other obstacle, overturning the walk-behind tractor. The operator may lose balance.

In order for "crow's feet" to enter the soil smoothly, it is recommended to attach them to plastics. The latter elements are welded to the shafts at a certain angle. A similar method of manufacturing and collecting the cutter has a positive effect on the transmission of the walk-behind tractor. Knives can be made from carbon steel or leaf springs.

Other structural elements are made of steel ST-25, 20 and 10. These grades are easy to weld. If the diameter of the structure is 25 mm, then such cutters are installed on the Texas, Mole, Neva motor-cultivator. Four-row analogs are mounted on motor-blocks "Salut", "Farmer", "Cascade". When making a cutter yourself, you must have experience and skills in working with a welding machine. When fixing the elements, it is recommended to observe safety precautions (use a welding mask).