Homemade electric wood hob. Best Reciprocating Saw - How to Choose a Reliable Tool? Making a homemade drill bit

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One of the first saws invented by man was the bow saw. It was made with our own hands, it was easy to set up, and was available to everyone. There would be canvases. One inconvenience is that you need to hold it with both hands.

lightweight reciprocating battery electric saw for wood

Then a hacksaw was invented, which was easily held with one hand. And the other hand held the piece of wood to be processed. So that the working hand does not get tired, a saber electric saw came to replace the hacksaw.

For giving - just an irreplaceable option... And cut off branches from trees, and cut firewood, and carpentry work on the site can be done without getting tired.

In fact, a reciprocating saw is a jigsaw, only the hacksaw blade comes out from the end, like a chuck in an electric drill. It is much safer to work with than a chain saw, and cuts can be made as accurately and precisely as a circular saw.

What is an electric saw for?

The application is practically unlimited. Using a variety of blades - you can cut firewood, carefully cut a blank for a window frame, cut out an old door frame, cut a brick or asbestos-cement pipe, cut a metal corner.

the use of a reciprocating saw in hard-to-reach places

cutting bricks with a reciprocating saw

The main advantage of this tool is the ease of use and its weight. Compact specimens are easily held with one hand, allowing you to work in uncomfortable positions and reach the most difficult to reach places.

How to choose one universal model from a variety of models?

First you need to decide on the application:

• If you have to build a bathhouse or a country house, you need a heavy saw with the ability to hold long blades, and designed for long-term work.
• For small carpentry crafts, a universal lightweight option is suitable, the same saw can be used for trimming a garden or preparing small firewood for a fireplace or
• If you do carpentry, you need a saw that can make smooth, burr-free cuts, such as an alligator type with two opposing blades.
• For constant work on metal, you need a powerful specimen with good cooling.

First of all, we will deal with the varieties of saber saws.
In terms of energy supply, the saws are divided into:

Network

Power supply requires a stationary power supply. The advantages are compactness and the ability to work indefinitely. The motor power is only limited by the total weight of the device.

And since electric saws are lightweight compared to gasoline saws, they are also called light electric saws, an electric reciprocating saw is preferable for work in the garden near the house or in the country where there is electricity.

She does not smoke and the noise from her work is much less. disadvantages- a saw on an electric wire is less mobile than a cordless one. It is not possible to move freely, in remote places it implies the presence of a generator.

You can install any saws, the author, as an experiment, decided to install a blade from a hacksaw for metal.
Everything is assembled quite simply, there are few materials and they are quite common. You can make all the parts with a minimum set of tools, you will need a grinder, a vice and a file, this is the main tool with which you can make this device.

Everything works very simply. The heart of the device is a bearing, which is fixed to the shaft at a certain angle. When the shaft rotates with a drill, the movement is transmitted through the bearing to a special upper support with two supports. This support begins to perform reciprocating movements, which are then transmitted to the saw. The more revolutions the drill has, the higher the frequency of the saw will be, and the better it will cut.

Materials and tools that the author used for homemade products:

List of materials:
- steel rod;
- bearing;
- washers;
- two thrust bushings (fix the bearing);
- aluminum plates and corners;
- screws;
- steel rods of rectangular shape;
- hacksaw blade.

Tool list:
- screwdrivers and hex keys for screws;
- vice;
- file;
- ;
- ;
- taps.

The process of making an electric hobbyist:

Step one. We make the shaft
First of all, the author makes a shaft, for this you need a steel rod. We grip the rod in a vice and cut grooves on it, as you can see in the photo. The point of these slots is to position the bearing at an angle on the shaft. The author forms the grooves using an ordinary metal file. First, one is made on one side, and then the other on the other.

Step two. Install the bearing
The bearing can now be mounted on the shaft. Place it in the groove so that it is at the desired angle. Now the bearing needs to be fixed on both sides, here you will need special bushings. They can be made from aluminum tube. We are looking for a tube with a suitable inner diameter, cut off the desired pieces at the right angle and drill holes. In the holes you need to cut holes for the screws. Now we put the bushings on the shaft, tighten the screws and now the bearing is securely fixed, and if necessary, it can be replaced.

Step three. Thrust washers
When working, the axle will move back and forth, and the greater the load, the better support it will need. The author uses washers as a support. We select the required quantity and install at both ends. It is important here that the end result is not a very large gap, since the device will make a lot of noise during operation. It is advisable to periodically lubricate the washers.

Step four. Vertical shaft supports
The shaft is located between two supports, they are made of aluminum. The author concealed the method of their manufacture. Based on the alignment lines, these blocks are made from pieces of aluminum corner, which were then probably glued together. You can also use solid aluminum bars if you can find them.

We drill two large holes in the supports along the shaft diameter, the gap here should be small, in the process of wear, the diameter of the holes will increase anyway. Two mounting holes are drilled on both sides of the supports. To connect both supports, you need an aluminum plate, drill holes in it in the appropriate places, and then screw it to the supports with screws or bolts.

Step five. Movable platform
On the other side of the structure, a movable platform is located, to which the movement from the bearing is transmitted. This platform is a plate on which two rods are fixed. Bolts with nuts can be used as rods, if desired, they can be welded.

The moving platform is located in the center of the structure, on the sides there are two metal bars slightly less thick than the platform.

From above, this whole structure is also fixed with a plate made of aluminum or steel. Here long screws are used for fastening. Do not forget to maintain minimum clearances between rubbing nodes. It is also recommended to lubricate the friction points to reduce wear and stress.

Step six. Holding head
To the end of the moving platform, the author attaches the holding head, which is needed to attach the hacksaw blade. How to make it is also left behind the scenes. It is made of a corner and aluminum plates. The part is fastened with screws; first, you need to cut a thread for them.

Step seven. Installing the hacksaw blade
There is a slot in the front of the holding head. A hacksaw blade is inserted into it. Then it is fixed with a screw.

A drill in the hands of craftsmen often turns into different tools, crafts. On its basis, you can make an electric hawk. Any saw is suitable as a cutting element, including a blade that is designed to cut metal.

Stock up big amount materials for crafts are not needed. It is not difficult to make it. The main part of it is the bearing, which is attached to the output shaft at an angle. The rotation of the latter is transformed into a reciprocating movement of the two-bearing part of the device and the web. By increasing the rotational speed of the output shaft of the drill, the speed of the saw is accelerated, speeding up the cutting process.

The main set of tools required for the manufacture of an electric hacker is small: a grinder; file; vice; screwdrivers; spanner wrenches; taps. From the materials you need to prepare: bearing; metal rod; thrust bushings (2 pieces); washers; rods made of rectangular metal; aluminum corners, plates; hacksaw blade.

They are engaged in the manufacture of the shaft. A steel bar is used. They clamp him in a vice, arrange grooves in his body with a file. The last two, they are V-shaped, inclined; arranged on different sides of the rod, one below the other, approximately in its middle; multidirectional.

The bearing is installed on the shaft in the section of the grooves arranged at a certain angle relative to the shaft axis. Its position is fixed on both sides using bushings with ends beveled on one side at the same angle. It is better to make them from aluminum pipe by cutting off small pieces. Holes are made in the tubes and through them are screwed onto the rod.

The resulting shaft is fitted with washers with a suitable inner diameter on both sides of the installed bushings.

Vertical supports are made for the shaft. They use thick aluminum, cut out square blanks, drill in them in the middle of the hole along the diameter of the shaft. They try to make the landing gap as small as possible.

At the opposite ends of the vertical supports, two fastening holes are drilled. The supports are connected with an aluminum plate, in which two holes are drilled along the edges, which coincide in location in those arranged on the supports. Connect the parts with bolts.

On the other side of the vertical supports, a movable platform is placed, which will convert the rotation of the bearing into a reciprocating movement of the hacksaw blade.

The platform consists of a piece of rectangular metal bar sandwiched between two aluminum bars bolted to the support. It is more thick than the latter, therefore it protrudes above them. It also has a longer length, because its end protrudes beyond the vertical supports.

Bolts and nuts are installed on the rod on one side; the distance between them ensures the contact location of the bearing. From above, everything is covered with a steel or aluminum plate, attaching it to the vertical supports with long screws.

A holding head is made using aluminum plates and corners. They put it on the end of the rod protruding beyond the vertical supports - bolts are used. In it, through a gap in the front part, also with a bolt, a hacksaw blade is fixed. The head is closed for safety with a casing in the form of a corner.

The device is clamped with the end of the shaft in the drill chuck. The shaft transfers rotation to the bearing, which, due to the tilt, moves the rod, and through it the hacksaw blade.

An electric shovel, also known as a reciprocating saw, is a versatile tool that can cut almost any material, including wood.

It is similar in design to. But the electric jigsaw does not need a flat surface on which the jigsaw rests. In addition, the latter will not cope with durable and tough materials such as steel tubes or reinforcement, and the high power reciprocating saw cuts them easily. Plus, it can be used to cut building materials in hard-to-reach places.

Tool power and performance

The most important indicator that you need to pay attention to first of all when choosing is power. According to this parameter, electric hacks are divided into three groups.

Power from 400 to 600 W. This electric wood hacksaw can be used to cut light boards (up to 3 cm), hardware during renovation, tree trunks and branches of small diameter. With the help of such an electric hacker, home craftsmen carry out carpentry and locksmith work. It is easy to use it even for housewives, putting things in order in the garden.

700-1000 watts. This variety can also be classified as household, but it has much more possibilities. The electric shovel easily cuts rebar with a diameter of up to 22 mm, not to mention wooden products... It is necessary to pay attention that the length of the working blade is sufficient for cutting wood. Many people choose a reciprocating saw for giving this type of name.

More than 1000 watts. The instrument can be attributed to the professional category, where increased load endurance of the apparatus is required. It can be used to cut bricks, aerated concrete blocks, thick steel blanks, not to mention wood. In the house, there is always a use for a powerful electric hawker.

The operability should be understood as the time of smooth operation of the reciprocating saw. Low-power models can cut wood up to 25 hours per month. In this case, after an hour of continuous use, it is recommended to stop the electric hawk so that it cools down. Overheating of the electric motor leads to a decrease in the working life.

Cutting speed

This indicator is determined by the reciprocating movements of the working blade. Standard Feature- 2500-3000 rpm. It should be noted that different materials use their own cutting speed, so when choosing it is important to pay attention to whether the tool has a speed adjustment function. it important point, on which depends not only the speed of work, but also the service life of the electric hacker.

Note! The highest speed can be set for fast cutting of non-hard wood species.

And one moment. Many manufacturers offer pendulum electric hacks. This function increases the cutting speed, but decreases the quality of the cut. This feature is permanently enabled on many models. And if the requirements for the quality of the cut are high, then it is better to refuse such saws in favor of those in which the pendulum stroke is switched on with a separate button.

Cutting depth and stroke

The standard value for the cutting depth for all types is the same and equal to 200 mm. But when choosing, you need to pay attention to whether the electric wood hawk has a cut depth limiter function, which makes it possible to make cuts of small depth.

Note! The essence of the limiter is that when using it, the files wear out evenly, and their service life is extended.

The device for adjusting the depth of cut can be key and keyless. The second option is better in terms of the convenience of setting this parameter.

The technical characteristic "stroke amount" determines the maximum length of the electric hanger blade. The larger this parameter, the faster the cut occurs. Have different models the characteristic is different, but the average value is within 30 mm.

Smooth start, saw blade change and tool weight

The main purpose of the soft start is to reduce the load on the power grid when turning on the electric wood hacker. The higher the power of the tool, the more important this function is. This also applies to battery models.

A quick change of saws is important when working with different materials... There is a so-called keyless replacement, in which you can remove and install a new blade by simply pressing a button.

Since a reciprocating saw is a hand tool, its weight plays an important role in the application process. The larger it is, the more difficult it is to use the tool, when work is carried out for a long time, the hands get tired faster.

Principle of operation and device

The design of the electric hacker is quite simple and similar to the device of many power tools. It includes:

• electric motor;
• reducer;
• pusher, which is connected to the eccentric gearbox.

The pusher converts rotary motion into reciprocating motion. Some models have a so-called pendulum motion. His distinctive feature- Raise the file while moving in the opposite direction. This movement is provided by a pendulum mounted on needle bearings. The main task of the manufacturer is to fine-tune the pusher travel.

Repair of an electric hacker

How difficult it will be to repair an electric wood hanger depends on the characteristics of the breakdown. If the reciprocating saw stops while cutting the tree due to a protection actuation, this may indicate a blunt blade teeth or a strong feed pressure.

It turns out a beveled cut - the prism of the guide holder is dirty, the blade is dull or it is incorrectly selected.

The reason for not turning on the electric hacker may be damage to the cord, discharge of the batteries (in the case of battery power), or overload, as a result of which the protection is triggered.

In case of incorrect or weak fastening of the blade, it is necessary to check whether the clamping screw is worn out. Maybe a blade with an unsuitable shank for an electric hawk was selected.

If you need to disassemble the saw, you need to unscrew the screws on the handle and pry one of the plastic parts with something sharp. Sometimes the screws are hidden by the casing, in this case you must first remove it by removing the attachments from the hacksaw. Replacing gears, bushings, bearings is not always possible on your own, if only because you need to find the right parts. In this case, the tool is simply sent to a service center for repair.

Homemade electric drill from a drill

From the principle of operation of a reciprocating saw on wood, it can be concluded that the main requirement for the design of the tool is to change the rotary motion into reciprocating. Many power tools have a rotary motion only. So, in order to make a hacksaw out of them, you need to come up with a nozzle that would turn rotation into movement along the axis of the cutting body.

Nozzle

To make a reciprocating saw from a drill with your own hands, you need to order some parts made on a milling and lathe... The attachment is a dimensioned attachment. Here, the accuracy of fitting each part to each other is important; it cannot be assembled from scrap materials.

To make a nozzle, you need a shaft turned on a lathe. On it, you need to make two oblique grooves with a file in the middle, mirrored from different sides. A conventional roller bearing is put on the grooves. It is located relative to the shaft at an angle created by the curved grooves. When the shaft rotates, the bearing will create oscillatory movements about the axis. He will be the part that moves the pusher from side to side.

To prevent the bearing from moving, it is fixed on both sides with bushings that are pressed against the shaft with screws. Washers are installed between the bushings and the bearing.

The shaft requires supports. They can be made square with shaft holes. On the squares from two opposite ends, holes are made with an M6 thread for attaching other parts:

• on one side, a steel rectangular cover is installed, fixed at the ends of the squares with M6 bolts;
• on the other side, two square bars are installed, which are also attached to the squares with M6 bolts. There should be space between them for the third bar, which acts as a pusher.

The pusher is, first of all, a bar that is longer in length than two installed on the nozzle. Secondly, in its structure, small bearings are attached on one side with bolts. Their task is to create a level of displacement of the large bearing mounted on the shaft onto the pusher. When the pusher is assembled with the nozzle, a large bearing in thickness will be located between two small ones.

The pusher itself should not be attached to anything. But so that it does not jump out of the nozzle during the operation of the electric hacker, a cover is mounted on top of the installed bars. Here it is necessary to understand that the fastening of the cover and the two outer bars to the squares is done with one bolt or screw for each place.

Holder

Basically, the drill bit is ready. It remains to make the holder for the electric hawk blade. Here a large number of options. One of them is a square section, in which a cut is made on a milling machine with a thickness slightly greater than the thickness of the file. From the ends, threaded holes are made (usually two), where screws of the corresponding diameter are inserted. They will grip the file.

To attach the holder to the accessory, you can use different ways fasteners. The easiest way is to make a rectangular groove in the holder on the opposite side of the cutout, and adjust the protruding part of the nozzle shaft to fit the square section. In this case, the dimensions of the shank and the dimensions of the groove should coincide with a slight increase in the latter.

To fix the shaft in the groove, it is necessary to make a threaded hole from the ends of the holder, where the screw is inserted. He will fix the shaft in the groove and transmit the reciprocating motion to it. The opposite end of the shaft, which is circular, will be inserted into the drill chuck.

It is necessary to understand that a reciprocating saw from a drill is a difficult manufacturing option; it is not always possible to make parts on your own. The assembly is simple, there is nothing complicated about it. But the nozzle is reliable enough to withstand the loads that will act on it in the process of cutting materials.

Alteration of the jigsaw and grinder

If you wish, you can convert the jigsaw into an electric saw for gardening and carpentry work. To do this, you need to fix the saw blade on a piece of metal tube about 15 cm long. A plate is screwed on the back of the tube, which will be attached to the jigsaw. To guide the movement of the saw, a special auxiliary structure is made of wood. You can prepare its drawings in advance so as not to be mistaken with the dimensions.