Russian scientists have come up with. Which of the greatest was invented and discovered in Russia

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And what, in fact, should be considered an "invention"? Agree that you can answer it in different ways. Some will say that invention is the advancement of the idea itself, the statement of the principle. Others mean by invention creating a working model. The third is the introduction of this model into production. By making different accents, you can see the history of any invention in different ways.
And who is the inventor of the invention? For there is probably no such great inventor who would not have had his predecessors, because, as you know, nothing is born from scratch.
And where does "invention" end and what is called "improvement" begins. I will refer to the words of one of the most prominent inventors of the late 19th and early 20th centuries - Thomas Alva Edison.
Edison confessed: "It is easy to make amazing discoveries, but the difficulty lies in improving them so that they have practical value." Anyone familiar with the history of technology will agree that this is the case. And let no one be fooled by stories of sudden insights, miraculous coincidences and amazing successes that have allegedly happened to some of the great inventors. All this is nothing more than idle speculation. Yes, we know that Watt allegedly "invented" his steam engine while walking, seeing, in his own words, "steam rushing out of the laundry window." But we also know that he then spent more than ten years of daily hard work before he was able to establish the serial production of these machines. Because one "principle of action" is still not enough. And when it came to real steam, real metal and real machines, everything turned out to be not at all as simple as it might seem at first. We also know that Morse invented all the parts of his famous telegraph apparatus in just two weeks while sailing from Europe to America. But how many failures and disappointments awaited him in subsequent years, while he was able to translate his idea into a real scheme! And how much more effort and money he had to spend before he was able to prove that his telegraph apparatus was not a toy, but a necessary one and useful thing... We know how surprisingly lucky the inventor of the telephone, Bell, was when, due to the mistake of his assistant, who made contact, he discovered a simple way to convert sound waves into electrical waves, and vice versa. But don't forget that this happened to no one else, namely Bell, after years of working on the telephone problem.
There is only one conclusion: the inventor should rightfully be considered not the one who made “ amazing discovery”, But the one who gave it“ practical value ”. Saying that such and such an invention was made in this or that way, we thereby transfer to one person the achievements of his predecessors and contemporaries (and we, alas, forget these latter; fair or not is another question).
Everyone has the names of Galileo, Watt, Maudsley, Stephenson, Fulton, Morse, Marconi, Zworykin, Sikorsky, Brown or Queen in their language. These people are rightfully considered the greatest inventors, although it is well known that telescopes were used before Galileo, that steam engines worked before Watt, that calipers were used before Maudsley. It's no secret that steam locomotives (and very good ones) were built to Stephenson, and steamers to Fulton. We know that telegraphs functioned before Morse, that the principle of radio was already known before Marconi, that televisions were shown before Zworykin, helicopters flew to Sikorsky, and rockets took off before Brown and Korolev (and that their own missiles would never have been launched without the efforts of subordinates them of powerful scientific teams). And yet it doesn't change anything. The enormous merit of these and many other "recognized great" inventors before mankind is that, having taken up some (perhaps even someone else's) undeveloped idea, they worked hard, overcoming many difficulties, and brought it to such a state when its “practical value” became obvious to everyone. It is this act that we take hereinafter as an "invention" in the true sense of the word. As for the question of to what extent owl

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Who will complement?
I also remembered a mortar. Gobyato and Vlasyev 1904 Port Arthur
Few people know that Intel Pentium (the first) was developed by a former ITMiVT employee Vladimir Pentkovsky, who is currently a leading developer of Intel microprocessors.
Truth, not in Russia, but Russian.
Both tape and video recorders were brought to life by the Russian emigrant Alexei Mikhailovich Ponyatov, the founder of the AMPEX company (Initials AMP and EXcelence - excellency, Ponyatov was a colonel in the tsarist army).
About Tetris - although I do not consider it the greatest, but nevertheless, for someone it is possible the greatest achievement of civilization)) therefore I mentioned
Gas mask - chemist Zelinsky, and in general, the entire automotive civilization - catalytic cracking and platforming of oil - synthetic fibers - his merit
Yes, and cellular communication - as early as 1957 L.I. Kupriyanovich in the USSR created an experimental model of the LK-1 mobile phone weighing 3 kg and a base station for it, connected to the GTS.
Stealth technology is based on our developments, first used on the MIG-25 - the one that Belenko hijacked to Japan, if you remember
it is little known that Oleg Losev, who died in the Blockade at 41, invented an amplifying semiconductor device with a tunnel effect already in 1922
Ilizarov apparatus
The cement as we know it is Yegor Gerasimovich Cheliev, who in 1825 issued his "Complete instruction on how to prepare the cheapest and best mortar, or cement, which is very strong for underwater structures, such as canals, bridges, pools and dams, - basements, cellars and plaster of stone and wooden buildings ", written by him on the experience of the restoration of Moscow after the war of 1812.
Ironically, what is used everywhere today and is called Portland cement is in fact the very cement of Cheliev, and not at all the "Portland cement" of the Englishman Aspdin, who received a patent for this name of his cement, which has not been used by anyone for a long time.
In fact, the entire filling of a cell phone is based on Russian inventions, starting from the basic principle of operation - radio and ending with the principle of organizing a microprocessor conveyor
Finally, this very Internet (the principle of data transmission in packets) - Igor Alexandrovich Mizin. The ARPA organization, whose employees are credited with inventing this principle, in fact only tried to replicate the data obtained by American intelligence from Russia in hardware. At the same time, I repeated it crookedly, which is why I tried for 8 years to make my network work normally. An implementation error caused the data flow to be stuck. The Americans were able to solve this problem only after, using the information that had already become open about the Mizin network, they corrected errors in accordance with Mizin's work. Unfortunately, having received a more or less workable system, they immediately began to develop it, not having implemented even half of the features of the Mizin network. The unfinished contraption has become the de facto standard. Because of this, there are now a bunch of problems with protocols, routing, and the like.

To answer

The list goes on
Korolev (the world's first space rocket),
Yu.V. Lomonosov (the world's first mainline diesel locomotive),
K.M. Verigin (created by Chanel No. 5),
Mikhail Strukov (creator of the first jet military transport aircraft in the United States),
Sergei Prokudin-Gorsky (the world's first color photograph),
A. Alekseev (creator of the needle screen),
F. Pirotsky (the world's first electric tram),
F. Blinov (the world's first tracked tractor),
Vladislav Starevich (gave the world a three-dimensional animated film),
V.P. Mutilin (the world's first construction harvester),
A.R. Vlasenko (the world's first grain harvester),
V. Demikhov (the first in the world to carry out a lung transplant, and the first to create a model of an artificial heart),
A.P. Vinogradov (created a new direction in science - isotope geochemistry),
Dm. Polzunov (the world's first universal continuous steam engine (2 cylinders)),
M.O.Dolivo - Dobrovolsky (invented a three-phase current system, built a three-phase transformer),
V.P. Volodin (the world's first high-voltage mercury rectifier with a liquid cathode, developed induction furnaces for the use of high-frequency currents in industry),
A.G. Stoletov (investigated the magnetization of iron, which made it possible to calculate electromagnets for electrical machines),
S.O. Kostovich (created the world's first gasoline engine in 1879),
Valery Glushko (the world's first electric / thermal rocket engine),
V.V. Petrov (discovered the phenomenon of arc discharge),
N. G. SLAVYANOV (electric arc welding),
V.G.Shukhov (cracking process for refining oil into light fractions),
I.F.Aleksandrovsky (invented the camera),
D.P. GRIGOROVICH - THE CREATOR OF THE SEA PLANE,
Strandin, Povarnin and Stolitsa created the SPS flamethrower,
Aleksandrov A, Vavilov S.I. and many others.

To answer

1718 A.K. Nartov (1693-1756) Mechanic, built the first in the world lathe with a movable support.
1748 MV Lomonosov (1711-1765) for the first time in science formulated the principle of conservation of matter and motion.
1751 MV Lomonosov for the first time in the world began to teach a course in physical chemistry. In Western Europe (Leipzig), L. Ostwald began to read this discipline in 1886.
1760 R. Glinkov Mechanic, created a spinning plant with a water drive, which increased labor productivity by 15 times. A similar machine appeared in England in 1771.
1761 MV Lomonosov first discovered the existence of an atmosphere on Venus.
1776 I.P. Kulibin (1735-1818) Mechanic, developed the project of the world's first wooden arched single-span bridge.
1789 ME Golovina (1756-1790) The book “Plane and Spherical Trigonometry” was published - in its scientific level it surpassed similar books abroad.
1802 VV Petrov (1761-1834) Physicist, developed the world's largest galvanic battery; opened an electric arc.
1806 K.K. Prince (1778-?) Engineer, developed the world's first heavy-duty platform scales.
1814 P.I. Prokopovich (1775-1850) for the first time in the world invented a frame hive, in which he used a shop with frames.
1826 V.V. Lyubarsky and P.S. Sobolevsky Chemists, laid the foundation for powder metallurgy.
NI Lobachevsky (1792-1856) Mathematician, presented the manuscript of the work "Abridged presentation of the beginnings of geometry." This date is considered the year of birth of non-Euclidean geometry.
1834 The world's first metal ship was launched in St. Petersburg.
1837 D.A. Zagryazhsky (1807-1860) invented the caterpillar track.
1838 B.O. Jacobi (1801-1874) invented electroforming.
BS Yakobson Academic, created the world's first ship using galvanic cells.
1841 P.P. Anosov (1797-1851) Metallurg, revealed the secret of making ancient bulats.
Yu.V. Lermontov (1841-1919). The world's first female chemist was born.
1844 D.I. Zhuravsky (1821-1891) first developed the theory of calculating bridge trusses, which is currently used all over the world.
1847 N.I. Pirogov and A.M. Filomafitsky Surgeons, for the first time in the world, developed intravenous anesthesia.
1854 NI Pirogov (1810-1881) compiled the atlas "Topographic Anatomy", which has no analogues in the world.
1856 N.P. Makarov (1810-1890) organized the first International Guitar Competition in Brussels.
1859 P.V. Tsiklinskaya (1859-1923) The world's first female professor-bacteriologist was born.
I.R.Hermann (1805-1970) was the first in the world to compile a summary of uranium minerals.
1860 At the Knyaz-Mikhailovskaya factory, the world's first steel cannon was cast according to Obukhov's method.
1861 A.M. Butlerov (1828-1886) was the first to formulate the main provisions of the theory of the structure of organic compounds.
1863 IM Sechenov (1829-1905) published his main work "Reflexes of the Brain".
1867 A.A. Inostrantsev (1843-1919) was the first in the world to use a microscope to study rocks.
1869 D.I. Mendeleev (1834-1907) discovered the periodic law chemical elements.
1872 A.N. Lodygin (1847-1923) invented the carbon incandescent lamp.
1875 P.N. Yablochkov (1847-1894) invented the arc lamp.
1876 M.A. Novinsky (1841-1914) Veterinarian, laid the foundations of experimental oncology.
1879 F.A. Blinov (1823-1899) for the first time in the world built a machine with a caterpillar track - the prototype of a tractor, a tank.
1880 G.G. Ignatiev (1846-1898) was the first in the world to develop a system of simultaneous telephony and telegraphy over one cable.
K.S. Dzhevetsky (1843-1938) built the world's first submarine with an electric motor.
1881 N.I. Kibalchich (1854-1881) was the first in the world to develop a scheme for a rocket flying vehicle.
1882 N.N. Benardos (1842-1905) invented electric welding.
AF Mozhaisky (1825-1890) built the world's first airplane.
1883 VV Dokuchaev The book "Russian Chernozem" was published, with which he laid the foundations of genetic soil science.
1884 AM Voeikova (1842-1916) The book "Climates of the Globe" was published - the first such work in the world.
1886 P.M. Golubitsky (1845-1911) developed the world's first portable microtelephone station.
V.I.Sreznevsky (1849-1937) Engineer, invented the world's first aerial camera.
1887 A.G. Stoletov (1839

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Nikolai Dubinin - geneticist, discovered gene divisibility.
Nikolay Benardos - inventor, created a method of electric arc welding using carbon electrodes.
Ivan Grekov is a surgeon who was the first in the world to successfully suture a heart wound.
Matvey Kapelyushnikov invented the turbodrill.
Evgeny Zavoisky discovered electric paramagnetic resonance.
Petr Kupriyanov is a doctor who was the first to use the surgical method of treating heart defects.
Nikolai Lunin - guessed and proved that there are vitamins in the body of living beings. Then these vitamins, on his tip, step by step, over eight years, were found by two other scientists, no longer Russians.
KLIMENT TIMIRYAZEV! KONSTANTIN TSIOLKOVSKY! Sergei Vavilov - optician, V. glow, on the basis of which a fluorescent lamp was created.
Nikolai Wagner discovered the pedogenesis of insects.
Ivan Kulibin is the author of the first prototype of the searchlight ("mirror lantern").
Nikolay Slavyanov is an electrical engineer, the first in the world to use an electric generator for welding metals.
ALEXANDER BUTLEROV. Mikhail Lomonosov - discovered (but did not substantiate) the law of conservation of matter by his experiment with a sealed glass vessel; discovered the atmosphere of Venus.
ALEXANDER POPOV! Valery Glushko created the world's first electric / thermal rocket engine.
Svyatoslav Fedorov - ophthalmologist, "Fedorov's lens".
Sergey Yudin performed the first transfusion of human cadaveric blood.
Alexey Shubnikov - physicist, Shubnikov groups (58 point crystallographic groups of antisymmetry).
Lev Shubnikov - the Shubnikov-de Haas effect (magnetic properties of superconductors).
Vladimir Shukhov - inventor, Sh. Tower (hyperboloid towers made of metal structures).
Pavel Lvovich Schilling (his roots are German) invented the world's first practically usable electromagnetic telegraph.
Eduard Shpolsky - physicist, the Shpolsky effect.
Nikolai Zhukovsky (his grandfather is Turks, and he himself is "the grandfather of Russian aviation") - the founder of modern aerodynamics, J.'s theorem (the basis of the theory of an aircraft wing and propeller).
Vladimir Zvorykin invented the world's first television transmitting tube in 1931 in the United States, where he emigrated from Red Russia.
Nikolai Izgaryshev discovered the phenomenon of the passivity of metals in non-aqueous electrolytes.
Vladimir Demikhov is a biologist, the first in the world to perform lung transplantation, and the first to create a model of an artificial heart.
Peter Lebedev is a physicist, the first to receive and investigate millimeter electric / magnetic waves, discovered and measured the pressure of light on solids and gases.
Lenz Emily Christianovich (German roots) - the rule of L. (determines the direction of induction of current), the Joule-Lenz law, discovered the reversibility of electric machines.
Alexander Lavrov - metallurgist, discovered and explained the segregation of steel (heterogeneity chemical composition alloy arising during its crystallization).
Petr Lazarev is the author of the ionic theory of excitation.
Dmitry Lachinov is a physicist, who proved the possibility of transmitting electric power through wires over considerable distances in 1880.
Sergei Mosin created the world's first magazine rifle, the famous "three-line".
Mikhail Naletov created the world's first underwater minelayer "Crab", in essence - the first submarine.
Sergei Neustroev, a soil scientist, introduced the concept of "gray soil".
DMITRIY MENDELEEV! Petr Minakov is a medic, M. spots (according to them, death from acute blood loss is determined in forensic medicine).
Pavel Molchanov is a meteorologist who created the world's first radiosonde.
Nikolai Umov is a physicist, the equation of motion of energy, the concept of energy flow, by the way, was the first to explain practically and without ether the delusions of the theory of relativity.
Evgraf Fedorov - F.'s table (device for crystallographic research).
Nil Filatov - doctor, F.'s disease (infectious mononucleosis).
Vasily Petrov is a physicist, "the first welder", he opened an electric arc and guessed what could be done with it.
Grigory Petrov - chemist, P. contact (mixture of petroleum sulfonic acids), the world's first synthetic detergent.
Vasily Petrushevsky, scientist and general, invented the rangefinder for gunners.
Igor Petryanov-Sokolov - filters P-S... (fundamentally new filter materials).
Nikolai Pirogov is a doctor who was the first to introduce an immobile plaster cast.
Lev Obukhov - metallurgist, hundred

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Vladimir Kostitsyn (first engaged in solving problems of biology by mathematical methods and evolutionary theory),
Ilya Prigogine (made a colossal contribution to chemistry, physics, biology, as well as sociology and philosophy),
Sergey Vinogradsky (discovered chemosynthesis, which became one of the greatest events in biology of the 20th century),
Alexander Chuprov Mathematician and statistician (The system of teaching statistics proposed by him is still considered unsurpassed),
Boris Babkin Physiologist (was a member of the Royal Society of Canada, the Royal Society of London, a member of the German Academy of Naturalists ("Leopoldina"), was elected President of the Canadian Physiological Society),
Ivan Ostromyslensky Outstanding chemist (Now his discoveries in the field of polymers are rated higher than the achievements made in this field by Nobel laureates),
Boris Uvarov Entomologist (headed the Royal Entomological Society of London and was awarded the highest award of Great Britain - "The Order of the Garter"),
Sergey Metalnikov Immunologist and evolutionist (He made an attempt to transfer the "Pavlovian" doctrine of conditioned reflexes into immunology)
Mikhail Zarochentsev America's Chief Refrigerator - Engineer has become a prominent specialist in the field of refrigeration units and held an important position in the US refrigeration industry,
Georgy Kistiakovsky (Advisor to President Eisenhower) He advised the President on a wide range of issues - from coordinating research and development in various scientific and technical institutions to training scientific personnel.
Konstantin Voronets Mechanic (The scientist made a huge contribution to the field of mechanics of liquids and gases, as well as to the development of the academic Institute of Mathematics in Yugoslavia)
Nikolai Bobrovnikov Astronomer (In 1942 he published an article "The Physical Theory of Comets in the Light of Spectroscopic Data", which laid the foundations for the physical theory of comets. Later, many researchers in their works relied on its results)
Georgy Pio-Ulsky The initiator of the introduction of turbines in the navy was born in Russia, designed gas turbines, the first in the world to theoretically substantiate their double advantage - speed and noiselessness,
Sergei Prokopovich Founder of the Berlin Economic Cabinet (Everyone was amazed by the scientist's method of work: using official Soviet statistics, he correctly and impartially analyzed the Soviet economy and came to conclusions that, by the way, became obvious only after the collapse of the USSR)
Academician of the Serbian Academy of Sciences, physicist and mathematician Anton Bilimovich (The scientist was the first in world science to develop a method of applying mathematics to mechanics, expanding his research through related sciences: celestial mechanics, geophysics and hydrodynamics).
Mikhail Strukov is the creator of the first jet military transport aircraft in the United States. Pavel Vinogradov is one of the most outstanding medievalists of our time According to the British historians, Vinogradov revealed to them, the British, their own history.
Grigory Troshin Neuropathologist and psychiatrist. For the first time in the world, he comprehensively analyzed the most important problems of child psychopathology, combining together the beginnings of child psychology and psychiatry.
Alexey Chichibabin Organic Chemist (The scientist developed a technology for producing salicylic acid and its salts, as well as aspirin, salol and phenacetin, which saved the lives of thousands of Russian soldiers during the First World War).

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Russian emigrants
Professor G. Znamensky said in his speech on the radio, "There is no such area of the human spirit in America now, in which Russian genius and Russian talent did not play an outstanding role." In the second half of the XX century. third wave immigrants and their children also contributed to the further development of the economy, science and culture of the United States.
So, already in the 70s of the XIX century. Russian electrical engineer Ladygin worked for Thomas A. Edison. Started his career as a builder overseas in the 1880s railroad and the founder of the city of St. Petersburg in Florida, future businessman and California State Senator P.A. Dementyev (1850-1919).
At the beginning of the XX century. the Russian agronomist M.I. Volkov and the future well-known entomologist A.I. Getrunkevich (1875-1964). And during the First World War, dozens of Russian engineers of various specialties, economists, etc. ended up in the United States as members and employees of the purchasing missions of the tsarist and Provisional governments, many of whom remained there permanently.
Vladimir Karapetov Electrical Engineer (187? -1948), who was born in St. Petersburg and graduated there in 1897 from the Institute of Railways, became a university professor in the United States, a consultant to the Naval Academy, was awarded awards and medals of scientific societies, became the author many books in the field of electromechanics.
A.M. Ponyatov (1892-1986) An engineer contributed to the development of electronics in the USA and created large firm AMPEX with 10 thousand employees.
G.P. Chebotarev (1899-1986) Civil engineer became a professor at Princeton University, where he worked for 27 years.
P.A. Malozemov (1909-1997) A mining engineer who became vice president, chairman of the board, president of Newmont and turned it into a world-class company, was honored with membership in the US Mining Chamber of Fame. Moved from Paris to America
IN AND. Yurkevich (1885-1964) A shipbuilding engineer was the designer of one of the largest liners of the 20th century, the Normandy.
Engineers-shipbuilders N.I. and I.N. Dmitrievs and engineer I.A. Avtomonov (1913-1995) worked as designers in a number of large American firms.
R.A. Nebolsin (1900-19?) Engineer became a famous hydraulics specialist, water purifier and businessman.
M.T. Zarochentsev (1879-1963) Engineer became a prominent specialist in the field of refrigeration,
A.M. Tikhvin Engineer became a famous submarine designer.
But perhaps the most striking (if only because of its scale) example in this regard is the list of names of Russian engineers, designers, test pilots, inventors and production organizers known to us who contributed to the development of the American aircraft industry. The "pioneers" among them, who came to the USA already in 1918, were I.I. Sikorsky (1889-1972), A.N. Seversky (Prokofiev-Seversky, 1894-1974) and G.A. Botezat (1882-1940). However, only after "helicopter pilot # 1" Sikorsky managed to put together the backbone of his future company, which consisted of aircraft designers, engineers and test pilots - M.Ye. and S.E. Glukharev, B.V. Sergievsky (1888-1971), I.A. Sikorsky, V.R. Kachinsky (1891-1986), and also to raise the necessary financial resources with the help of S. Rachmaninov and other Russian immigrants, in 1923 in Stratford (Connecticut) the firm "Sikorski Aviation Corporation" was finally founded. Many Russian engineers, designers and workers found work and specializations there. Such prominent specialists as Professor A.M. Nikolsky (1902-1963), N.A. Alexandrov, V.N. Gartsev.
In 1926 he founded De Botezet Impeller Company for the production of helicopters by G.А. Botezat (who changed his last name in America to De Botezet). Most of its employees were Russian (including V.A.Ivanov, N.A.Tranze, N. Soloviev). In 1931, on Long Island (New York State), A.N. Seversky firm "Seversky Aircraft", in which such well-known aircraft designers and testers as A.M. Kartveli (1896-1974), who became the head of the firm after the departure of Seversky in 1939, M.A. Gregor. Most of its employees also consisted of Russians and

Where it was told about the inventions of Russian craftsmen. But the rubric disappeared somewhere. Are the inventors really extinct?

G. Fokin, Taganrog

Not extinct, thank God. And there are enough letters from the Kulibins in our mail. We present another selection of scientific and technical ideas and proposals from Russian inventors.

Energy is given by ... bubbles

Pensioner Vasily Markelov from St. Petersburg designs and tests on its site models of power plants patented by him. By placing such a generator in the basement of a house, its tenants will not pay for either heating or electricity.

What a hydraulic turbine is is well known: the flow of water presses on the blades of the rotor (impeller) and turns it. Rotational mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy. But Vasily Foteevich invented and patented the pneumohydraulic turbine. "Pneumo" and "hydro" are air and water. Markelov added a stream of air to the water, or, to be more precise, launched it with the help of the Whirlwind vacuum cleaner into an experimental barrel of water, having previously placed a model of his turbine there.

“The turbine has two impellers on one shaft (axle). The flow of water-air mixture rises and rotates them, - explains V. Markelov. - But if in a conventional hydraulic turbine the installation of additional wheels is meaningless (the total power will still be the same as with one wheel), then in the case of a pneumohydraulic power, they are summed up. The force received on the shaft will be directly proportional to the number of impellers. Put two - and the shaft will rotate twice as fast. We put ten - we will increase the power by an order of magnitude! And it's all about the properties of the air bubbles that make up the ascending stream. "

Air comes out in separate bubbles from the branch pipe, and they, rising and passing through the turbine housing, work like a piston, pressing on the wheel blades. Moreover, they press with a constant force, regardless of what kind of wheel it is on the shaft. Another secret is that the supplied air is much colder than water: getting into a liquid medium, it instantly takes heat from it and converts it into mechanical energy. How? The air bubble simply increases its volume, while the buoyancy force, which presses on the blades, also increases. “This is a feature of the interaction of water and air. Water has a number of properties, thanks to which it is possible to extract energy from it ", - the inventor shows the calculations, and from them it follows: without breaking, at the exit you can get energy many times more than spent. In this case, the energy was spent on the work of the vacuum cleaner, but Markelov compares it to the work of a stoker when loading coal into the furnace of a steam locomotive: “The power consumption of the Whirlwind vacuum cleaner is 0.27 kW. You can replace it with a more efficient compressor, place 10 impellers on the shaft. The water will be heated by the sun, and this is a source of inexhaustible energy. According to calculations, the power of the installation can be increased to 6.96 kW. That is, to extract energy 25 times more than spent! "

The inventor emphasizes: this is not “”, but a converter of energy that nature has stored in air and water: “Such turbogenerators can be placed on pontoons in reservoirs - on ponds, streams, rivers. You can do without a reservoir by replacing the garden barrel with a container installed in a special room. Supplied with a source of compressed air (the same compressor), it will provide energy to a house and even a small village. "

Stove in 6 levels

Traditional Moskvich began in Russia Igor Fedotov ready for it fully armed.

He invented and patented the RUENKA stove, the name of which is made up of the first letters of the words - manual, universal, economical, natural, comfortable, and accumulating ash. It will find application both in the house (in the presence of an exhaust ceiling) and on the street - in the yard, in the country, on a hike. The stove weighs only 11 kg, disassembled easily fits in the trunk of a car, and an area of less than 0.2 square meters is enough to install it. m. You can cook both in dishes and on skewers, and at the same time the oven is a stack of six burner levels. “They are suitable for any dish with food, - explains Igor Fedorovich. - For example, you can use a frying pan and use the hotplate above to cook dumplings in a saucepan. Boil water for tea and fry The burner is extremely simple in design - it consists of movable rods. By sliding them, you change the size of the hotplate. Heat loss in the combustion chamber is minimized, dishes with food receive all the necessary heat radiation. The stove gives different levels power depending on the "floor" of the burner ".

Firewood can be laid from three sides (due to the high efficiency, very little of them are needed), and there is no need to remove the ash at all. She herself falls into the drive installed below. When it is full, you will receive a ready-made fertilizer for your garden plot.

Super all-terrain vehicle

Name Evgeny Shemyakinsky included in the encyclopedia "Engineers of the Urals", he has 54 copyright certificates and patents.

The main one is that, in terms of its characteristics, it surpasses all modern counterparts.

Unfortunately, not a trace remained of the prototype that E. Shemyakinsky managed to create. The car parked in the barn burned down along with the dacha.

There is only one evidence that this miracle really existed - an old video recording. The capabilities of the all-terrain vehicle amaze even from the screen. On a soggy field it is easy, without getting bogged down in mud, a car rides on huge wheels. Then she smoothly descends into the water and swims. And then he easily climbs a steep, almost steep slope. And it does it in reverse!

We met with Evgeny Nikolaevich about five years ago. The capabilities of the machine surprised even the inventor himself: “It takes up obstacles of a meter in height, easily overcomes trenches of the same width. I have long been interested in the works of V. Grachev, who after the war headed the special design bureau of ZIL. They were engaged in military development for missile carriers. Grachev struggled with the phenomenon of wheel galloping, which caused the body to vibrate, which was dangerous when transporting missiles. He sought to reduce the pressure in the wheel, and he managed to bring it to 0.138 atmosphere. And I went to the indicator of 0.04 atmospheres. "

At one time, Shemyakinsky was invited to give a report to the Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Here are excerpts from the review: “It is many times superior in cross-country ability and has the right to be called a super all-terrain vehicle. Simplicity and manufacturability ... Unprecedented. There has never been such a numerous theoretical basis for such a large number conceptual innovations in car design ”.

But this is where the story of Shemyakinsky's all-terrain vehicle ended. Wherever Kulibin turned with proposals to introduce the invention into production, he was refused everywhere.

Only last year an invitation came from the Department of the Automotive Industry of the Ministry of Industry of the Russian Federation. But it was too late.

Evgeny Shemyakinsky, desperate to promote his brainchild, died of a heart attack. He considered the invention of the all-terrain vehicle to be the main work of his life.

We are waiting for letters

If you have done something useful and unusual with your own hands and want to tell the whole country about it, the "New Kulibins" column is for you! Send a description of your product to the editor and brief information About Me. Attach photos. Who knows, maybe it is after the publication in "AiF" that you will be able to find interested investors and establish industrial production their development?

Write to the address:

107996, Moscow,

st. Electrozavodskaya, 27, building 4,

"Arguments and Facts".

P.N. Yablochkov and A.N. Lodygin is the world's first electric light bulb

A.S. Popov - radio

V.K.Zvorykin - the world's first electron microscope, television and television broadcasting

A.F. Mozhaisky - the inventor of the world's first airplane

I.I. Sikorsky - a great aircraft designer, created the world's first helicopter, the world's first bomber

A.M. Ponyatov - the world's first video recorder

S.P. Korolev - the world's first ballistic missile, spacecraft, the first Earth satellite

A.M. Prokhorov and N.G. Basov - the world's first quantum generator - maser

S. V. Kovalevskaya (the world's first woman professor)

CM. Prokudin-Gorsky - the world's first color photography

A.A. Alekseev - the creator of the needle screen

F. Pirotsky - the world's first electric tram

F.A. Blinov - the world's first tracked tractor

V.A. Starevich - three-dimensional animated film

EAT. Artamonov - invented the world's first bicycle with pedals, a steering wheel, a turning wheel

O.V. Losev is the world's first amplifying and generating semiconductor device

V.P. Mutilin - the world's first mounted construction harvester

A.R. Vlasenko - the world's first grain harvester

V.P. Demikhov - the first in the world to carry out a lung transplant and the first to create a model of an artificial heart

A.P. Vinogradov - created a new direction in science - the geochemistry of isotopes

I.I. Polzunov - the world's first heat engine

G. E. Kotelnikov - the first knapsack rescue parachute

I.V. Kurchatov is the world's first nuclear power plant (Obninsk), and under his leadership, the world's first 400 kt hydrogen bomb was developed, detonated on August 12, 1953. It was the Kurchatov team that developed the RDS-202 thermonuclear bomb (Tsar Bomba) with a record yield of 52,000 kilotons.

M.O.Dolivo-Dobrovolsky - invented a three-phase current system, built a three-phase transformer, which put an end to the dispute between the supporters of direct (Edison) and alternating current

V.P. Vologdin - the world's first high-voltage mercury rectifier with a liquid cathode, developed induction furnaces for the use of high-frequency currents in industry

S.O. Kostovich - created the world's first gasoline engine in 1879

V.P. Glushko - the world's first electric / thermal rocket engine

V.V. Petrov - discovered the phenomenon of arc discharge

N.G. Slavyanov - electric arc welding

I.F.Aleksandrovsky - invented the stereo camera

D.P. Grigorovich - the creator of the seaplane

V.G. Fedorov - the world's first machine gun

A.K. Nartov - built the world's first lathe with a movable slide

MV Lomonosov - for the first time in science formulated the principle of conservation of matter and motion, for the first time in the world began to read a course in physical chemistry, for the first time discovered the existence of an atmosphere on Venus

I.P. Kulibin - mechanic, developed the project of the world's first wooden arched single-span bridge, inventor of the searchlight

VV Petrov - physicist, developed the world's largest galvanic battery; opened an electric arc

P.I. Prokopovich - for the first time in the world invented a frame hive, in which he used a shop with frames

NI Lobachevsky - Mathematician, creator of "non-Euclidean geometry"

D.A. Zagryazhsky - invented the caterpillar track

B.O. Jacobi - invented electroforming and the world's first electric motor with direct rotation of the working shaft

P.P. Anosov - metallurgist, revealed the secret of making ancient bulat

D.I. Zhuravsky - first developed the theory of calculations of bridge trusses, which is currently used all over the world

NI Pirogov - for the first time in the world compiled an atlas "Topographic Anatomy", which has no analogues, invented anesthesia, gypsum and much more

I.R. Hermann - compiled a summary of uranium minerals for the first time in the world

A.M. Butlerov - for the first time formulated the main provisions of the theory of the structure of organic compounds

IM Sechenov - the creator of evolutionary and other schools of physiology, published his main work "Reflexes of the brain"

D.I. Mendeleev - discovered the periodic law of chemical elements, the creator of the table of the same name

M.A. Novinsky - veterinarian, laid the foundations of experimental oncology

G.G. Ignatiev - was the first in the world to develop a system of simultaneous telephony and telegraphy over one cable

K.S. Dzhevetsky - built the world's first submarine with an electric motor

N.I.Kibalchich - for the first time in the world developed a scheme of a rocket flying vehicle

N.N.Benardos - invented electric welding

V.V. Dokuchaev - laid the foundations of genetic soil science

V.I.Sreznevsky - Engineer, invented the world's first aerial camera

A.G. Stoletov - physicist, for the first time in the world created a photocell based on an external photoelectric effect

P.D. Kuzminsky - built the world's first radial gas turbine

I.V. Boldyrev - the first flexible light-sensitive non-combustible film, formed the basis for the creation of cinematography

I.A.Timchenko - developed the world's first movie camera

S.M. Apostolov-Berdichevsky and M.F. Freidenberg - created the world's first automatic telephone exchange

N.D. Pilchikov - physicist, for the first time in the world created and successfully demonstrated a wireless control system

V.A. Gassiev - engineer, built the world's first phototypesetting machine

K.E. Tsiolkovsky - the founder of cosmonautics

P.N. Lebedev - physicist, for the first time in science experimentally proved the existence of light pressure on solids

I.P. Pavlov - the creator of the science of higher nervous activity

V.I.Vernadsky - natural scientist, founder of many scientific schools

A.N.Skriabin - composer, was the first in the world to use light effects in the symphonic poem "Prometheus"

N.E. Zhukovsky - the creator of aerodynamics

S.V. Lebedev - first received artificial rubber

G.A. Tikhov - an astronomer, for the first time in the world established that the Earth, when observed from space, should have a blue color. Later, as you know, this was confirmed when filming our planet from space.

ND Zelinsky - developed the world's first highly effective coal gas mask

N.P. Dubinin - geneticist, discovered gene divisibility

M.A. Kapelyushnikov - invented the turbodrill in 1922

E.K. Zavoisky - discovered electrical paramagnetic resonance

N.I. Lunin - proved that the body of living things contains vitamins

N.P. Wagner - discovered the pedogenesis of insects

Svyatoslav Fedorov - the first in the world performed an operation to treat glaucoma

S.S. Yudin - first used blood transfusion in the clinic of suddenly deceased people

A.V. Shubnikov - predicted existence and was the first to create piezoelectric textures

L.V. Shubnikov - the Shubnikov-de Haas effect (magnetic properties of superconductors)

ON THE. Izgaryshev - discovered the phenomenon of passivity of metals in non-aqueous electrolytes

P.P. Lazarev - the creator of the ionic theory of excitation

P.A. Molchanov - meteorologist, created the world's first radiosonde

ON THE. Umov - physicist, the equation of motion of energy, the concept of the flow of energy; by the way, he was the first to explain practically and without ether the fallacy of the theory of relativity

E.S. Fedorov - the founder of crystallography

G.S. Petrov - chemist, the world's first synthetic detergent

V.F. Petrushevsky - scientist and general, invented a rangefinder for gunners

I.I. Orlov - invented a method of making woven credit notes and a method of one-pass multiple printing (Oryol printing)

Mikhail Ostrogradsky - mathematician, O. formula (multiple integral)

P.L. Chebyshev - mathematician, Ch. Polynomials (orthogonal system of functions), parallelogram

P.A. Cherenkov - physicist, radiation Ch. (New optical effect), counter Ch. (Detector of nuclear radiation in nuclear physics)

D.K. Chernov - points Ch. ( critical points phase transformations of steel)

IN AND. Kalashnikov is not the same Kalashnikov, but another who was the first in the world to equip river vessels with a steam engine with multiple expansion of steam

A.V. Kirsanov - organic chemist, reaction K. (phosphorescence)

A.M. Lyapunov - mathematician, created the theory of stability, equilibrium and motion of mechanical systems with a finite number of parameters, as well as L.'s theorem (one of the limit theorems of the theory of probability)

Dmitry Konovalov - chemist, Konovalov's laws (elasticity of parasolutions)

S.N. Reformed - organic chemist, Reformed reaction

V.A.Semennikov - metallurgist, was the first in the world who carried out semelessization of copper matte and obtained blister copper

I.R. Prigogine - physicist, P.'s theorem (thermodynamics of nonequilibrium processes)

MM. Protodyakonov - a scientist who developed the generally accepted scale of the fortress of rocks

M.F. Shostakovsky - organic chemist, balm Sh. (Vinylin)

M.S. Color - color method (chromatography of plant pigments)

A.N. Tupolev - designed the world's first jet passenger aircraft and the first supersonic passenger aircraft

A.S. Famintsyn, a plant physiologist, was the first to develop a method for the implementation of photosynthetic processes in artificial lighting

B.S. Stechkin - created two great theories - thermal calculation of aircraft engines and air-jet engines

A.I. Leipunsky - physicist, discovered the phenomenon of energy transfer by excited atoms and
molecules to free electrons in collisions

D.D. Maksutov - optician, M. telescope (meniscus system of optical instruments)

ON THE. Menshutkin - chemist, discovered the effect of a solvent on speed chemical reaction

I.I. Mechnikov - the founders of evolutionary embryology

S.N. Vinogradsky - discovered chemosynthesis

V.S. Pyatov - a metallurgist, invented a method for the production of armor plates by the rolling method

A.I. Bakhmutsky - invented the world's first coal harvester (for coal mining)

A.N. Belozersky - discovered DNA in higher plants

S.S. Bryukhonenko - physiologist, created the first heart-lung machine in the world (auto-light)

G.P. Georgiev - biochemist, discovered RNA in the nuclei of animal cells

E. A. Murzin - invented the world's first optoelectronic synthesizer "ANS"

P.M. Golubitsky - Russian inventor in the field of telephony

V.F.Mitkevich - for the first time in the world proposed to use a three-phase arc for welding metals

L.N. Gobyato - Colonel, the world's first mortar was invented in Russia in 1904

V.G. Shukhov is an inventor who was the first in the world to use steel mesh shells for the construction of buildings and towers

I.F.Kruzenshtern and Yu.F. Lisyansky - made the first Russian trip around the world, studied the islands of the Pacific Ocean, described the life of Kamchatka and about. Sakhalin

F.F.Bellingshausen and M.P. Lazarev - discovered Antarctica

The world's first icebreaker modern type- the steamer of the Russian fleet "Pilot" (1864), the first Arctic icebreaker - "Ermak", built in 1899 under the leadership of S.O. Makarov.

V.N. Shchelkachev - the founder of biogeocenology, one of the founders of the doctrine of phytocenosis, its structure, classification, dynamics, relationships with the environment and its animal population

Alexander Nesmeyanov, Alexander Arbuzov, Grigory Razuvaev - creation of chemistry of organoelement compounds.

IN AND. Levkov - under his leadership, hovercraft were created for the first time in the world

G.N. Babakin - Russian designer, creator of Soviet lunar rovers

P.N. Nesterov - the first in the world to execute a closed curve in a vertical plane on an airplane, a "loop", later called "Nesterov's loop"

B. B. Golitsyn - became the founder of the new science of seismology.

Overall material rating: 5

SIMILAR MATERIALS (BY LABELS):

The father of the video is Alexander Ponyatov and AMPEX Theremin synthesizer - theremin

When they tell you that Russia is the homeland of bast shoes and balalaikas, grin at this person in the face and list at least 10 items from this list. I think it's a shame not to know such things.

And this is just a small part:

1. P.N. Yablochkov and A.N. Lodygin is the world's first electric light bulb

2. A.S. Popov - radio

3. V.K.Zvorykin (the world's first electron microscope, television and television broadcasting)

4. A.F. Mozhaisky - the inventor of the world's first airplane

5. I.I. Sikorsky - a great aircraft designer, created the world's first helicopter, the world's first
bomber

6. A.M. Ponyatov - the world's first video recorder

7.S.P. Korolev - the world's first ballistic missile, spacecraft, the first Earth satellite

8. A.M. Prokhorov and N.G. Basov - the world's first quantum generator - maser

9.S. V. Kovalevskaya (the world's first woman professor)

10.S.M. Prokudin-Gorsky - the world's first color photography

11. A.A. Alekseev - creator of the needle screen

12.F.A. Pirotsky - the world's first electric tram

13.F.A.Blinov - the world's first tracked tractor

14.V.A. Starevich - three-dimensional animated film

15. E.M. Artamonov - invented the world's first bicycle with pedals, a steering wheel, a turning wheel

16.O.V. Losev is the world's first amplifying and generating semiconductor device

17. V.P. Mutilin - the world's first mounted construction harvester

18.A.R. Vlasenko - the world's first grain harvester

19. V.P. Demikhov - the first in the world to carry out a lung transplant and the first to create a model of an artificial heart

20. A. P. Vinogradov - created a new direction in science - the geochemistry of isotopes

21. I.I. Polzunov - the world's first heat engine

22. G. E. Kotelnikov - the first knapsack rescue parachute

23. I.V. Kurchatov is the world's first nuclear power plant (Obninsk), and under his leadership, the world's first 400 kt hydrogen bomb was developed, detonated on August 12, 1953. It was the Kurchatov team that developed the RDS-202 thermonuclear bomb (Tsar Bomba) with a record yield of 52,000 kilotons.

24. M.O.Dolivo-Dobrovolsky - invented a three-phase current system, built a three-phase transformer, which put an end to the dispute between the supporters of direct (Edison) and alternating current

25. V.P. Vologdin - the world's first high-voltage mercury rectifier with a liquid cathode, developed induction furnaces for the use of high-frequency currents in industry

26. S.O. Kostovich - created the world's first gasoline engine in 1879

27. V.P. Glushko - the world's first electric / thermal rocket engine

28. V. V. Petrov - discovered the phenomenon of arc discharge

29. N. G. Slavyanov - electric arc welding

30.I.F. Aleksandrovsky - invented the stereo camera

31.D.P. Grigorovich - the creator of the seaplane

32. V.G. Fedorov - the world's first machine gun

33. A.K. Nartov - built the world's first lathe with a movable slide

34. MV Lomonosov - for the first time in science formulated the principle of conservation of matter and motion, for the first time in the world began to read a course in physical chemistry, for the first time discovered the existence of an atmosphere on Venus

35. I.P. Kulibin - mechanic, developed the project of the world's first wooden arched single-span bridge, inventor of the searchlight

36. VV Petrov - physicist, developed the world's largest galvanic battery; opened an electric arc

37. P.I. Prokopovich - for the first time in the world invented a frame hive, in which he used a shop with frames

38. NI Lobachevsky - Mathematician, creator of "non-Euclidean geometry"

39.D.A. Zagryazhsky - invented the caterpillar track

40.BO Jacobi - invented electroplating and the world's first electric motor with direct rotation of the working shaft

41. P.P. Anosov - metallurgist, revealed the secret of making ancient bulat

42.DI Zhuravsky - first developed the theory of calculations of bridge trusses, which is currently used all over the world

43. NI Pirogov - for the first time in the world compiled an atlas "Topographic Anatomy", which has no analogues, invented anesthesia, plaster cast and much more

44. I.R. Hermann - compiled a summary of uranium minerals for the first time in the world

45. A.M. Butlerov - for the first time formulated the main provisions of the theory of the structure of organic compounds

46. IM Sechenov - the creator of evolutionary and other schools of physiology, published his main work "Reflexes of the brain"

47.DI Mendeleev - discovered the periodic law of chemical elements, the creator of the table of the same name

48. M.A. Novinsky - veterinarian, laid the foundations of experimental oncology

49. G.G. Ignatiev - for the first time in the world developed a system of simultaneous telephony and telegraphy over one cable

50. K.S. Dzhevetsky - built the world's first submarine with an electric motor

51. N.I.Kibalchich - for the first time in the world developed a scheme of a rocket aircraft

52.N.N.Benardos - invented electric welding

53. V.V.Dokuchaev - laid the foundations of genetic soil science

54. V.I.Sreznevsky - Engineer, invented the world's first aerial camera

55. A.G. Stoletov - physicist, for the first time in the world created a photocell based on an external photoelectric effect

56. P.D. Kuzminsky - built the world's first gas turbine of radial action

57. I.V. Boldyrev - the first flexible light-sensitive non-combustible film, formed the basis for the creation of cinematography

58. I.A.Timchenko - developed the world's first movie camera

59. S.M. Apostolov-Berdichevsky and M.F. Freudenberg - created the world's first automatic telephone exchange

60. ND Pilchikov - physicist, for the first time in the world created and successfully demonstrated a wireless control system

61. V.A.Gassiev - engineer, built the world's first phototypesetting machine

62. K.E. Tsiolkovsky - the founder of cosmonautics

63. P.N. Lebedev - physicist, for the first time in science experimentally proved the existence of light pressure on solids

64. I.P. Pavlov - the creator of the science of higher nervous activity

65. V.I. Vernadsky - natural scientist, founder of many scientific schools

66. A.N.Skriabin - composer, was the first in the world to use light effects in the symphonic poem "Prometheus"

67. N.E. Zhukovsky - the creator of aerodynamics

68. S.V. Lebedev - first received artificial rubber

69. GA Tikhov - an astronomer, for the first time in the world established that the Earth, when observing it from space, should have a blue color. Later, as you know, this was confirmed when filming our planet from space.

70. ND Zelinsky - developed the world's first highly efficient coal gas mask

71. N.P. Dubinin - geneticist, discovered gene divisibility

72. M.A. Kapelyushnikov - invented the turbodrill in 1922

73. E.K. Zavoisky discovered electric paramagnetic resonance

74. N.I. Lunin - proved that the body of living things contains vitamins

75. N.P. Wagner - discovered the pedogenesis of insects

76. Svyatoslav Fedorov - the first in the world performed an operation to treat glaucoma

77. S.S. Yudin - first used blood transfusion in the clinic of suddenly deceased people

78. A.V. Shubnikov - predicted existence and was the first to create piezoelectric textures

79. L.V. Shubnikov - the Shubnikov-de Haas effect (magnetic properties of superconductors)

80. N. A. Izgaryshev - discovered the phenomenon of passivity of metals in non-aqueous electrolytes

81. P.P. Lazarev - the creator of the ionic theory of excitation

82. P.A. Molchanov - meteorologist, created the world's first radiosonde

83. N. A. Umov - physicist, the equation of motion of energy, the concept of the flow of energy; by the way, I was the first to explain
practically and without ether delusions of the theory of relativity

84. E.S. Fedorov - the founder of crystallography

85.G.S. Petrov - chemist, the world's first synthetic detergent

86. V.F. Petrushevsky - scientist and general, invented a rangefinder for gunners

87. I.I. Orlov - invented a method of making woven credit notes and a method of one-pass multiple printing (Oryol printing)

88. Mikhail Ostrogradsky - mathematician, O. formula (multiple integral)

89. P.L. Chebyshev - mathematician, Ch. Polynomials (orthogonal system of functions), parallelogram

90. P.A. Cherenkov - physicist, radiation Ch. (New optical effect), counter Ch. (Detector of nuclear radiation in nuclear physics)

91.D. K. Chernov - points of Ch. (Critical points of phase transformations of steel)

92. V.I. Kalashnikov is not the same Kalashnikov, but another who was the first in the world to equip river vessels with a steam engine with multiple expansion of steam

93. A.V. Kirsanov - organic chemist, reaction K. (phosphorescence)

94. A.M. Lyapunov - mathematician, created the theory of stability, equilibrium and motion of mechanical systems with a finite number of parameters, as well as L.'s theorem (one of the limit theorems of the theory of probability)

95.Dmitry Konovalov - chemist, Konovalov's laws (elasticity of parasolutions)

96. S.N. Reformed - organic chemist, Reformed reaction

97. V.A. Semennikov - metallurgist, was the first in the world to carry out semelessization of copper matte and obtained blister copper

98. I.R. Prigogine - physicist, P.'s theorem (thermodynamics of nonequilibrium processes)

99. M.M. Protodyakonov - a scientist who developed the generally accepted scale of the fortress of rocks

100. M.F. Shostakovsky - organic chemist, balm Sh. (Vinylin)

101. M.S. Color - color method (chromatography of plant pigments)

102. A.N. Tupolev - designed the world's first jet airliner and the first supersonic airliner

103. A.S. Famintsyn, a plant physiologist, was the first to develop a method for carrying out photosynthetic processes under artificial lighting

104.B.S. Stechkin - created two great theories - the thermal calculation of aircraft engines and air-jet engines

105. A.I. Leipunsky - physicist, discovered the phenomenon of energy transfer by excited atoms and molecules to free electrons in collisions

106.D.D. Maksutov - optician, M. telescope (meniscus system of optical instruments)

107. N. A. Menshutkin - chemist, discovered the effect of a solvent on the rate of a chemical reaction

108. I.I. Mechnikov - the founders of evolutionary embryology

109 S.N. Vinogradsky - discovered chemosynthesis

110. V.S. Pyatov - a metallurgist, invented a method for the production of armor plates by the rolling method

111. A.I. Bakhmutsky - invented the world's first coal harvester (for coal mining)

112. A.N. Belozersky - discovered DNA in higher plants

113. S.S. Bryukhonenko - physiologist, created the first heart-lung machine in the world (auto-light)

114. G.P. Georgiev - biochemist, discovered RNA in the nuclei of animal cells

115. E. A. Murzin - invented the world's first optoelectronic synthesizer "ANS"

116. P.M. Golubitsky - Russian inventor in the field of telephony

117. V.F.Mitkevich - for the first time in the world proposed to use a three-phase arc for welding metals

118. L.N. Gobyato - Colonel, the world's first mortar was invented in Russia in 1904

119. V.G. Shukhov is an inventor who was the first in the world to use steel mesh shells for the construction of buildings and towers

120. I.F.Kruzenshtern and Yu.F. Lisyansky - made the first Russian round-the-world trip, studied the islands of the Pacific Ocean, described the life of Kamchatka and Fr. Sakhalin

121.F.F.Bellingshausen and M.P.Lazarev - discovered Antarctica

122. The world's first icebreaker of a modern type - the steamer of the Russian fleet "Pilot" (1864), the first Arctic icebreaker - "Ermak", built in 1899 under the leadership of S.O. Makarov.

123. VN Sukachev (1880-1967) He defined the main provisions of biogeocenology. Founder of biogeocenology, one of the founders of the doctrine of phytocenosis, its structure, classification, dynamics, relationships with the environment and its animal population

124. Alexander Nesmeyanov, Alexander Arbuzov, Grigory Razuvaev - creation of chemistry of organoelement compounds.

125. V.I. Levkov - under his leadership, hovercraft were created for the first time in the world

126. G.N. Babakin - Russian designer, creator of Soviet lunar rovers

127. P.N. Nesterov - the first in the world to execute a closed curve in a vertical plane on an airplane, a "loop", later called "Nesterov's loop"

128.B.B. Golitsyn - became the founder of a new science of seismology
And all this is only a small part of the contribution of Russians to world science and culture. At the same time, here I am not touching upon the contribution to art, to most of the social sciences, and this contribution is far from small.

And among other things, there is a contribution in the form of phenomena and objects that I do not take into account in this study.

Such as "Kalashnikov assault rifle", "First Cosmonaut", "First Ekranoplan" and many others. Of course, it is impossible to list everything. But even such a cursory glance allows us to draw the necessary conclusions ...

Great Russian inventors and scientists. Russia has become a country that has presented the world with many different discoveries and inventions in various fields of science. It is sad that not all were patented at the time, that inventors and scientists did not see the full commercial potential of their discoveries.

Many inventions were then borrowed from Russian scientists, not always honestly and under the name of other scientists, were later patented in other countries. Also, many Russian and Soviet scientists were noted Nobel Prizes.

1. P.N. Yablochkov and A.N. Lodygin is the world's first electric light bulb

2. A.S. Popov - radio
3. V.K.Zvorykin - the world's first electron microscope, television and television broadcasting

4. A.F. Mozhaisky - the inventor of the world's first airplane

5. I.I. Sikorsky - a great aircraft designer, created the world's first helicopter, the world's first bomber

6. A.M. Ponyatov - the world's first video recorder

7.S.P. Korolev - the world's first ballistic missile, spacecraft, the first Earth satellite

8. A.M. Prokhorov and N.G. Basov - the world's first quantum generator - maser

9.S. V. Kovalevskaya (the world's first woman professor)

10.S.M. Prokudin-Gorsky - the world's first color photography

11. A.A. Alekseev - creator of the needle screen

12.F.A. Pirotsky - the world's first electric tram

13.F.A.Blinov - the world's first tracked tractor

14.V.A. Starevich - three-dimensional animated film

15. E.M. Artamonov - invented the world's first bicycle with pedals, a steering wheel, a turning wheel

16.O.V. Losev is the world's first amplifying and generating semiconductor device

17. V.P. Mutilin - the world's first mounted construction harvester

18.A.R. Vlasenko - the world's first grain harvester

19. V.P. Demikhov - the first in the world to carry out a lung transplant and the first to create a model of an artificial heart

20. A. P. Vinogradov - created a new direction in science - the geochemistry of isotopes

21. I.I. Polzunov - the world's first heat engine

22. G. E. Kotelnikov - the first knapsack rescue parachute

24. M.O.Dolivo-Dobrovolsky - invented a three-phase current system, built a three-phase transformer, which put an end to the dispute between the supporters of direct (Edison) and alternating current

25. V.P. Vologdin - the world's first high-voltage mercury rectifier with a liquid cathode, developed induction furnaces for the use of high-frequency currents in industry

26. S.O. Kostovich - created the world's first gasoline engine in 1879

27. V.P. Glushko - the world's first electric / thermal rocket engine

28. V. V. Petrov - discovered the phenomenon of arc discharge

29. N. G. Slavyanov - electric arc welding

30.I.F. Aleksandrovsky - invented the stereo camera

31.D.P. Grigorovich - the creator of the seaplane

32. V.G. Fedorov - the world's first machine gun

33. A.K. Nartov - built the world's first lathe with a movable slide

35. I.P. Kulibin - mechanic, developed the project of the world's first wooden arched single-span bridge, inventor of the searchlight

36. VV Petrov - physicist, developed the world's largest galvanic battery; opened an electric arc

37. P.I. Prokopovich - for the first time in the world invented a frame hive, in which he used a shop with frames

38. NI Lobachevsky - Mathematician, creator of "non-Euclidean geometry"

39.D.A. Zagryazhsky - invented the caterpillar track

40.BO Jacobi - invented electroplating and the world's first electric motor with direct rotation of the working shaft

41. P.P. Anosov - metallurgist, revealed the secret of making ancient bulat

42. DI Zhuravsky - first developed the theory of calculations of bridge trusses, which is currently used all over the world

43. NI Pirogov - for the first time in the world compiled the atlas "Topographic Anatomy", which has no analogues, invented anesthesia, gypsum and much more

44. I.R. Hermann - compiled a summary of uranium minerals for the first time in the world

45. A.M. Butlerov - for the first time formulated the main provisions of the theory of the structure of organic compounds

46. I.M.Sechenov - the creator of evolutionary and other schools of physiology, 06/29/14
published his main work "Reflexes of the brain"

47.DI Mendeleev - discovered the periodic law of chemical elements, the creator of the table of the same name

48. M.A. Novinsky - veterinarian, laid the foundations of experimental oncology

49. G.G. Ignatiev - for the first time in the world developed a system of simultaneous telephony and telegraphy via one cable