Who accepted the complaints filed in the name of the king. petition
About the arrival of settlements and prisons along the Tobol River about the location of the Yalutorovsk settlement. 1659 Petition in Russia until the beginning of the 18th century, an individual or collective written petition, in which "the forehead ... Wikipedia
Cm … Synonym dictionary
petition- PETITION, history. - A type of letter with a petition or complaint, filed in the name of the king or local authorities (see Samotik Pass. sl. 92). The guides were punished to bring a petition to the Tomsk prison - they carried it, not counting the time (2. 299). HRE 168: petition “To Moscow… … Dictionary of the trilogy "The Sovereign's Estate"
Petition, statement, complaint in the Russian state 15 early. 18th century ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
PLEASE, oh, female. In Russia before the beginning of the 18th century: a written petition, a complaint. Submit a petition. Dictionary Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov
petition- (Russian. Petition, from “to beat with a forehead”) in Russian office work in the 15th and early 18th centuries. a request or complaint submitted to the central or local authorities. Ch. was the main form of address to the sovereign. Individuals and groups wrote (collective Ch. ... ... Encyclopedia of Law
PETITION- in office work in Russia in the 15th and early 18th centuries. request, complaint, denunciation (“izvet”), etc. They were submitted and addressed by individuals and groups of nobles, townspeople, peasants, etc. to central and local government agencies, in the name of ... ... Legal Encyclopedia
petition- Iskon. It arose as a result of the univerbation of phraseological. turnover petition letter, in which the petition suf. derivative of petition, complex suffix. formation (with the help of suf. j) on the basis of the forehead to beat “ask” “bow” (until the forehead is touched ... ... Etymological dictionary of the Russian language
petition- This ancient name of a written petition was formed from the phrase petition letter. The adjective petition is formed from the noun petition, which arose on the basis of the combination with the forehead to beat - bow, ask ... Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language by Krylov
Ouch; and. 1. In the Russian state of the 15th and early 18th centuries: a letter with a petition or complaint, filed in the name of the tsar or local authorities. Write, submit a petition. 2. Shuttle. Request, complaint (usually in writing). * * * Petition,… … encyclopedic Dictionary
Books
- Materials for the history of the split during the first period of its existence. T. 7. Historical and dogmatic-polemical writings of the first schism teachers. Part 4. Christian-dangerous shields, petition and other works
- Materials for the history of the split during the first period of its existence. T. 7. Historical and dogmatic-polemical writings of the first schism teachers. Part 4. "The Christian Dangerous Shield of Faith", Petition and other writings of the monk Avraamy. , Subbotin N.I.. The book is a reprint edition of 1875. Although serious work has been done to restore the original quality of the edition, some pages may…
230. Which city was the center of the Polan lands? - Kyiv
231. What group of ancient Slavs are associated with the settlements of Alchedar, Ekimautsy, Tsarevka, Rud? - Tivertsy
232. What city was the capital of the Ilmen Slovenes? -Velikiy Novgorod
233. Which of the following cities was founded the latest? - Murom
234. What system of agriculture was typical for the southern territories of the Old Russian state? - Translation
235. The capital of which ancient Slavic tribal union was the city of Peresechen? - Uchi
236. What was the name of the inhabited area outside the fortress in Medieval Russia, and where were the markets and craft settlements located? - Posad
237. That the historian V.O. Klyuchevsky called ""the main core of the economic, political, and then cultural life of the Eastern Slavs"? - Way from the Varangians
238. What was called "soft junk" in medieval Russia? - Furs
239. What was the name of the community among the Eastern Slavs in the Early Middle Ages? -
240. What system of agriculture was typical for the northern territories of the Old Russian state? -slash and fire
241. Which of the following was one of the main conditions of the Deulinsky
the truce concluded between Russia and the Commonwealth in 1618?
Russia ceded part of the territories in the West to the Commonwealth, including Smolensk
242. Who headed the Seven Boyars - the unofficial government in Russia in the last years of the Troubles?
C Fyodor Mstislavsky
243.
Krasnoyarsk
244. Who was the commander-in-chief of the Russian army during the war against Poland in 1632-1634?
FROM Mikhail Borisovich Shein
245. Who led the uprising against Vasily Shuisky, which broke out in the southern regions of the Russian state in 1606-1607?
D False Dmitry II
246. The siege of which city during the uprising of Ivan Bolotnikov was personally led by Vasily Shuisky?
B Tula
247. Who was responsible for the machinations with the salt tax that led to mass popular uprisings in Russia and 1648?
D Boris Ivanovich Morozov
248. What city in the XVII century. was the center of Russian trade with the countries of the East, primarily India and Iran?
B Astrakhan
249. Who led the conspiracy against False Dmitry I in 1606?
D Patriarch Filaret
250. What was the name of the provisional government created in the spring of 1612 by representatives of the Second Militia?
D council of all the earth
251. Name the exact date of the final liberation of Moscow from the Polish-Lithuanian troops by the forces of the Second Home Guard.
252. For what crime did the Council Code of 1649 provide for “pouring hot iron down the throat”?
A counterfeiting
253. What caused the massive urban uprisings in Russia that erupted
in 1648-1649?
A Government fraud with taxes and duties on salt
254. What punishment did the Council Code of 1649 provide for crimes against the Church?
A Burning at the stake
255. What was the name of the category of personally free peasants in the 15th-17th centuries, who bore the tax not in favor of the landowners, but in favor of the state?
B Black-nose peasants
256. Which of the following was the main condition of the Polyanovsky peace treaty concluded between Russia and the Commonwealth in 1634?
257. As in the XVII - XVIII centuries. a large enterprise was called, where the manual labor of hired workers was mainly used and the division of labor was widely used?
A Manufactory
258. For which city was the war between the Russian kingdom and the Commonwealth in
1632 - 1634?
D Smolensk
259. What city in the XVII century. was the center of Russian trade with the cities of Western Europe
D Riga
260. In which city was the First Militia formed in 1611?
D Smolensk
261. In what year did the overthrow of Vasily Shuisky take place?
Polish war of 1609 - 1618?
Smolensk
263. Under what city in the fall of 1606 was Ivan Bolotnikov defeated by the tsarist troops, which actually meant the defeat of the uprising?
264. Which of the Russian rulers was the first to call himself emperor?
265. What historical district of Moscow is associated with the name of False Dmitry II?
266. What was the nickname given to the impostor False Dmitry III, who claimed his rights to the Russian throne in 1612?
A "Tushinsky Thief"
267. In alliance with which state in 1632 did Russia enter the war against Rech
Commonwealth?
D Ottoman Empire
268. What city in 1609-1611 was besieged and managed to capture by the Polish army under the command of hetman Stanislav Zolkiewski?
Smolensk
269. When was the Zemsky Sobor opened, at which Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov was elected Russian Tsar?
March 1613
270. Which of the following states did not take part in the Livonian War?
271. Which of the listed persons was not a member of the Second Militia that liberated Moscow from the Poles in 1612?
B Dissatisfaction of the population with certain provisions of the Council Code of 1649
What fair was in the XVII century. the largest in Siberia? |
||
Makarievskaya |
||
Near which city was one of the largest fairs in the 17th century located? |
||
Russia – Makarievskaya Fair |
||
What monument of Russian legislation was first published |
||
typographically? |
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Sudebnik of 1550 |
||
276. What was the name of the territory of a Russian city in the 16th-17th centuries, whose inhabitants lived on the land of a secular or spiritual feudal lord and were exempted from state duties and taxes?
Black Sloboda
277. What were the appeals called in the 16th-18th centuries that called on the population to revolt against the legitimate authority?
C People's orders
278. Who led the uprising against Vasily Shuisky, which broke out in the southern
regions of the Russian state in 1606-1607?
False Dmitry II
279. Who was the commander-in-chief of the Russian army during the war against Poland in 1632 - 1634
D Mikhail Borisovich Shein
280. Which of the listed Siberian cities was founded earlier than the others?
Krasnoyarsk
281. Who headed the Seven Boyars - the unofficial government in Russia in the last years of the Troubles?
C Fyodor Mstislavsky
282. Which of the following was one of the main conditions of the Deulino truce concluded between Russia and the Commonwealth in 1618?
C Russia ceded part of the territories in the West to the Commonwealth, including Smolensk
283. Who was the commander-in-chief of the Russian army during the war against Poland 1632-1634? Mikhail Borisovich Shein
284. Which city in the 17th century becomes the unofficial capital of temple architecture in Russia? Yaroslavl
285. Who led the Streltsy uprising in Moscow?Kirill Poluektovich
Naryshkin
286. In what year was the New Trade Charter adopted? 1667
287. What event ended the Time of Troubles?The election of Tsar Michael
Romanova
288. In which city was the first printing house in Russia founded in the 16th century?
289. What was the name of the letter with a petition or complaint, filed in the name of the king or governor? petition
290. What was the name of the layer of the poorest Cossacks in the XVI-XVII centuries? Golytba
291. Which of the Russian princes took the title "sovereign of all Russia"? Ivan III
292. In what year was Mikhail Romanov elected to the kingdom? 1613
293. Who led the famous Crimean campaigns carried out during the reign of Princess Sophia ...?Vasily Vasilievich Golitsyn
294. With which state did Russia not conduct hostilities in XVI-XVII centuries?
295. In which city in 1689 was the first ever border treaty between Russia and China concluded? Nerchinsk
296. What was the name of the first map of the Russian state known to us, created at the end of the 16th century, but not extant? Large blueprint
297. What was the name of the Croatian educator who in 1666 created a common Slavic language in Tobolsk? Yuri Krizhanich
298. What architectural building of the 17th century was called by contemporaries
"the eighth wonder of the world"? Palace of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich in the village
Kolomenskoye
299. Who led the Russian side at the conclusion of the first ever Russian-Chinese treaty? Fedor Alekseevich Golovin
300. The defeat of the Russian troops near which city in 1678 forced the tsarist government to start peace negotiations...? Chigirin
301. What was the name of the workshop at the monastery in the Middle Ages, in which the monks copied the manuscripts? Scriptorium
302. As in the 17th century called hired horse regiments that were part of the so-called "regiments of a foreign system"? Reiters
303. Which of the favorites of Princess Sophia took an active part in the suppression of the Streltsy rebellion of 1682? Patrick Gordon
304. Which of these events happened first? Death of Boris
Godunov
305. Under what ruler were the white walls of the Moscow Kremlin replaced with new ones, made of burnt red brick? Ivan III
306. Under what ruler was localism finally abolished in Russia?Fedor III Alekseevich
307. What was the name of the most important artist of the 17th century, the author of the icon "The Savior Not Made by Hands" Trinity Sergius Lavra! 1658)? Simon Ushakov
308. Which order in the 17th century dealt with the printing and translation of foreign books? Ambassadorial Order
309. From which country were the "Fryazins" or "Fryagi" - the architects of the Arkhangelsk and Assumption Cathedral of the Kremlin ...? Italy
310. Scientific knowledge on what subject was presented in the 17th century
"The book of soshny letter"? Geometry
311. What was the name of the military units in the 17th century, formed from free people according to the Western European model?Shelves of the new system
312. In the 17th century, what were the members of the peasant and township communities called, whose duty (tax) included personal military service? Data people
313. What is the name given to the period of the Swedish invasion of Poland in the middle
17th century? Flood
314. What new architectural style appears in Russia at the end of the 17th century?
Naryshkin (Moscow) Baroque
315. What is the conditional name of the Streltsy rebellion in Moscow in 1682?
copper riot
316. What was the toll collector called in ancient Russia? Publican
317. Who initiated the creation of the first higher educational institution in Russia - Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy, opened in 1687? Simeon
Polotsk
318. Which series of dates reflects the events of Ivan IV's foreign policy? 1552, 1556
319. What event belongs to the second half of the 15th century?Standing on the river Ugra
320. What was the name given to the early genre of portraiture in Russia, which arose in the 17th century and became the forerunner of the classical portrait of the 18th century? Parsuna
321. In what year was the Council Code adopted? 1649
322. Which of the following provisions was one of the main conditions of the Bakhchisar peace treaty concluded between ...?Dnieper became
border between Russia and the Ottoman Empire
323. Who led the government troops that crushed the uprising of Stepan Razin at the end 1670-early 1671?-Yuri Alekseevich Dolgorukov
324. In what city did Ivan Fedorov print the first Russian primer in 1574? Lviv
325. The defeat of the Russian troops near which city in 1678 forced the tsarist government to start peace negotiations with the Ottoman Empire. empire? - Chigirin
326. Who led the Russian side at the conclusion of the first ever Russian-Chinese treaty in 1689? -Fyodor Alekseevich Golovin
327. What was the main reason for the uprising in Solovetsky
monatsyr that broke out in 1668? - The monks' refusal to conduct worship
new, corrected church books
328. Who is the architect of the Archangel Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin?
Aleviz New
330. What was the name of the mercenary cavalry regiments that were part of the so-called "foreign regiments" in the 17th century? - Reiters
331. What was the name of the largest artist of the 17th century, the author of the icon "The Savior Not Made by Hands" Trinity-Sergius Lavra? - Simon Ushakov
332. Against which state did the Cossacks in the 17th century make the so-called "campaigns for zipuns"?Ottoman Empire
333. Who was the commander-in-chief of the Russian army during the war against Poland in 1632-1634?-Mikhail Borisovich Shein
334. What city in 1609-1611 was besieged and managed to capture by the Polish army under the command of hetman Stanislav Zolkiewski? Moscow
335. Which of the following was the main condition of the Polyanovsky peace treaty concluded between Russia and the Commonwealth in 1634?-
Polish king Vladislav IV renounced all claims to the Russian throne
336. What caused the massive urban uprisings in Russia that broke out in 1648-1649?- Growth in prices for basic goods due to the introduction of copper
337. In what year did the overthrow of Vasily Shuisky take place? 1610
338. When did the wedding of Tsar Mikhail III Fedorovich, the first Romanov on the Russian throne, take place?February 21, 1613
339. In which pan-European conflict did Russia indirectly participate,
fighting in 1632 - 1634 with Poland? - thirty years' war
340. Who from the inner circle of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich headed the commission for the preparation of the Cathedral Code of 1649? - Boris Ivanovich
341. In which city was the First Militia formed in 1611? Ryazan
342. Which of the following states did not take part in the Livonian War? Saxony
343. Near what city was one of the largest fairs in the XVII century located?
Russia – Makaryevskaya Fair? - Nizhny Novgorod
350. Who was responsible for the machinations with the salt tax, which led to mass popular uprisings in Russia and 1648? -Boris Ivanovich Morozov
351. Which city in the spring of 1612 became the capital of the Second Militia? Yaroslavl
352. Who was the first ruler of Russia, whose power was legally limited boyars? -Vasily Shuisky
353. Which of the listed figures of the beginning of the 17th century was not part of the Seven Boyars?
Vasily Shuisky
354. When did the Zemsky Sobor open, at which Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov was elected Russian Tsar? January 1613
355. What was the name of the fortress that separated the Crimean peninsula from the main part of the mainland and on the gates of which there was a big owl? Saki?
356. What was the term for the investigation of fugitive peasants introduced by the Council Code of 1649? Indefinitely
357. What was the name of the category of the population in the 16th-17th centuries, which included personally free persons who did not bear state duties and did not pay taxes? walking people
358. What year did it start Russian-Polish war, as a result of which Left-bank Ukraine was annexed to Russia?
359. Territory established in the middle of the 16th century out of control Zemsky Sobor and the Boyar Duma, was called: the sovereign's court
360. Creation of the fresco painting of the Trinity Cathedral Trinity-Sergius Monastery, the Spassky Cathedral of the Andronnikov Monastery, the writing of the icon "Trinity" is associated with
named after Andrey Rublev
361. Which of the following architectural monuments belongs to the 18th century?
Peter and Paul Cathedral in Saint Petersburg
Option 7.
(answers at the end of the test)
A1. Which of these events does the oldest Russian chronicle "The Tale of Bygone Years" refer to the year 862?
1) uprising of the Drevlyans
2) the baptism of Russia
3) calling the Varangians
4) unification of Kyiv and Novgorod
A2. The first battle of the Russian squads with the Mongols took place on the river
1) Kalka 2) Vozhe 3) Ugra 4) Neva
A3. A letter with a petition or complaint, filed in the name of the king, governor, was called
1) order 3) petition
2) code 4) relation
A4. Which of the above referred to the consequences of the invasion of the Mongol troops in Russia?
1) strengthening ties between Russian principalities
2) establishing the dependence of Russia on the Horde
3) restriction of peasant freedom
4) the economic rise of Russian lands
A5. I. Mazepa, KarlXXII, AugustII were contemporaries of the king
1) Peter I 3) Ivan VI the Terrible
2) Paul I 4) Boris Godunov
A6. Which of the provisions contained in the Council Code of 1649?
1) introduction of oprichnina
3) the establishment of St. George's day
4) the announcement of the serfdom of the peasants hereditary
A7. As a result of the Northern War, Russia received
1) access to the Baltic Sea 3) Smolensk lands
2) Novgorod lands 4) Finland
A8. Read an extract from a historian's work and indicate who the text is about.
“Before setting off on a campaign, Dmitry Ivanovich went to ... the monastery to ask for blessings from the abbot of this monastery ... The righteous husband, together with the Moscow prince, fervently prayed for the success of the upcoming work. He gave the prince two monks, Peresvet and Oslyabya, who were warriors before entering the monastery ... Then ... he blessed Dmitry Ivanovich and predicted that a lot of blood would be shed, but the Russians would prevail.
1) Joseph Volotsky 3) Macarius
2) Sergius of Radonezh 4) Filaret
A9. "Association of Traveling Art Exhibitions" arose in
1) 1811 2) 1832 3) 1870 4) 1899
A10. A.I. Herzen and N.P. Ogarev published a newspaper abroad
1) "Bell" 3) "Domestic Notes"
2) "Contemporary" 4) "Drone"
A11. In Russia in In the 19th century, representatives of social thought who denied the cultural and spiritual values of previous generations and their contemporary society, who opposed the remnants of serfdom, were called
1) dissidents 3) schismatics
2) heretics 4) nihilists
A12. "New Judicial Statutes", which provided for the introduction of an open, adversarial jury trial, were approved
1) Paul I 3) Nicholas I
2) Alexander I 4) Alexander II
A13. The abolition of serfdom in Russia in 1861 led to
1) liquidation of the peasant community
2) the development of capitalist relations in the countryside
3) equalization of the property status of peasants
4) a decrease in the share of civilian labor in the countryside
A14. Read an excerpt from the memoirs of a contemporary and indicate whose views are being discussed.
“As for the peasant, this is an empty matter,” one of the disputants said. - Ulyanov is right: in order to establish the dictatorship of the proletariat, it is necessary to boil the peasant in a factory boiler, otherwise he will slow everything down. First of all, the community must be destroyed. This is a relic of the deaf antiquity.
1) revolutionary populists
3) social democrats
4) liberal populists
A15. An attempt to establish a military dictatorship by L.G. Kornilov (“Kornilov rebellion”) in 1917 took place in
A16. The elected representative body, dissolved by the Bolsheviks in January 1918, was called
1) State Duma
2) All-Russian Central Executive Committee
3) III All-Russian Congress of Soviets
4) Constituent Assembly
A17. The agrarian reform of P.A. Stolypin provided for
1) free exit of peasants from the community with an allotment
2) financial support for peasant communities
3) the transfer of all communal land to peasants in ownership
4) confiscation of landed estates
A18. One of the reasons for the anti-Bolshevik speech of the Left Socialist-Revolutionaries in July 1918 was their protest against
1) the creation of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission
2) the anti-church policy of the Bolsheviks
3) the "shameful peace with the imperialists" signed by the Bolsheviks - the Brest peace
4) the desire of the Bolsheviks to liquidate the committees of the poor in the countryside
A19. Read the document and indicate the name of the artistic method described in it.
“Imagine that a house is being built, and when it is built, it will be a magnificent palace. But it has not yet been completed, and you will draw it in this form and say: "Here is your socialism" - you will tell the truth. But… this truth is really not true… The truth can only be told by those who understand what kind of house is being built, how it is built, and who understands that it will have a roof… Truth is tomorrow.”
1) postmodernism
2) social realism
3) neoclassicism
4) egofuturism
A20. To the initial stage of the Great Patriotic War applies
1) Smolensk battle
2) Battle of Stalingrad
3) the battle on the Oryol-Kursk Bulge
4) Vistula-Oder operation
A21. Read an excerpt from the "Notes" of the captain of the 1st rank A.K. Evseev, relating to 1942, and indicate which city it refers to.
“As the main base of the fleet, (the city) was strongly protected only from the sea and only from the naval enemy. Most coastal artillery batteries ... coastal defense could only fire towards the sea. Dozens after tens, hundreds after hundreds of enemy planes flew ... The number of aircraft was brought to the limit. The sky… no longer contained them… Days passed after days, and the bombardment went on with the same unrelenting frenzy and consistent pace, tearing apart (the city) and its environs… Having received the order to withdraw, we, leaving the cave, moved to our truck… The city was unrecognizable. The city is dead. Once, quite recently, a snow-white ... handsome man, now turned into ruins.
1) Arkhangelsk 3) Sevastopol
2) Vladivostok 4) Odessa
A22. Which of the following events happened before all the others?
1) the end of World War II
2) Potsdam Conference
3) test of the Soviet hydrogen bomb
4) the formation of NATO
A23. Which of the following countries was a member of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance?
1) Yugoslavia 3) China
2) Czechoslovakia 4) Vietnam
A24. What was one of the manifestations of the "thaw" in the spiritual and cultural life of the USSR?
1) cessation of ideological pressure on cultural figures
2) the abolition of state censorship
3) the possibility of developing all areas of art
4) publication of works about prisoners of the Gulag
A25. What was one of the reasons for the growth of industrial development indicators of the USSR in the second half of the 1960s?
1) the formation of economic councils
2) rejection of the planned development of industry
3) holding economic reform A.N. Kosygina
4) the spread of the Stakhanovite initiative in industry
A26. Read an excerpt from the Address of the Central Committee of the CPSU, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the Government of the USSR and indicate the year of its publication.
“The Soviet Union was the first to launch an intercontinental ballistic missile, the first to send an artificial Earth satellite, the first to send a spacecraft to the Moon, to create the first artificial satellite of the Sun, to fly a spacecraft towards the planet Venus… The crowning achievement of our victories in space exploration was the triumphant flight of Soviet man to spacecraft around the earth.
1) 1949 3) 1961
2) 1951 4) 1975
A27. What feature characterized the Russian economy by the mid-1990s?
1) a significant increase in labor productivity in industry
2) the introduction of elements of cost accounting in the activities of enterprises
3) introduction of the latest technologies in all branches of production
4) a sharp reduction in Russia's share in world production
IN 1. Arrange the following events in chronological order. Write the letters of the events in the correct order.
A) sections of the Commonwealth
B) Azov campaigns of Peter I
C) The Caspian campaign of Peter I
D) Seven Years' War
IN 2. Which three of the following social movements areseventeenth century?
1) the uprising of I. Bolotnikov
2) Copper Riot
3) an uprising led by E. Pugachev
4) Salt Riot
5) Plague Riot
6) uprising of military settlers
AT 3. Establish a correspondence between historical figures and their activities.
AT 4. Read an extract from a historian's work and write the name of the statesman in question.
“In his misfortune, to the surprise of everyone, he showed extraordinary fortitude. Alienated from the whole world, among the forest expanses of Siberia, the former generalissimo did not grumble at his fate and encouraged the children in every possible way. On the steep bank of the river, with the help of his servants, he built a house and a church. For the former ruler of Russia, the days passed quietly in a modest house in a harsh region.
He lived in Siberian exile for less than a year and a half; on November 12, 1729, he died and was buried in the church he built next to his daughter. This is how one of the outstanding statesmen of the 18th century ended his earthly journey.
AT 5. Arrange the following names of military leaders in chronological order. Write the letters of the last names in the correct order.
A) M.D. Skobelev B) B.P. Sheremetev
B) M.I. Kutuzov D) P.N. Nakhimov
AT 6. Which three of the following phenomena testified to the preservation of vestiges traditional society in Russia in the 1870s-18880s?
1) autocratic power
2) the ruin of petty nobles
3) increase in the number of employees
4) connection of workers with the countryside
5) lack of rights of estates
6) the emergence of a "working issue"
AT 7. Match the names of prominent Russian scientistsXIX century and the branches of science in which they were engaged.
For each position in the first column, select the corresponding position in the second.
AT 8. Read an excerpt from the work of M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin and write, as inIn the 19th century, the duty of the serfs in question was called.
"The landowner has completely mastered<крестьянином>in his favor and allows him to control himself only in fits and starts. On holidays (and on weekdays only at night), men and women are free to manage at home, and then, while<крепостные крестьяне>languish in the fields of the landowner, boys and girls work at home light work: they dry hay, knit sheaves ... There is almost no that minute in the day to<помещичьих>the fields were not in full swing; three hours during the day and a little more during the night - that's all that remains for the peasant to rest.
AT 9. Which three of the listed statesmen held high positions in the reign of NicholasII?
1) E.F. Kankrin 4) Witte
2) P.A. Stolypin 5) K.P. Pobedonostsev
3) P.D. Kiselev 6) A.Kh. Benkendorf
AT 10 O'CLOCK. Establish a correspondence between the names of representatives of culture and their areas of activity.
For each position in the first column, select the corresponding position in the second.
AREAS OF ACTIVITY |
|
A) S.A. Yesenin B) I.O.Dunaevsky C) K.S. Petrov-Vodkin D) S.M. Eisenstein | 1) painting 2) film directing 5) architecture |
AT 11. Read an excerpt from the memoirs of W. Churchill and write the name of the phenomenon he described.
“Were they, the allies [of the Entente], at war with Soviet Russia? Of course not. But ... they were on Russian soil as conquerors. They armed the enemies of the Soviet government. They blocked ports. They sank his warships."
AT 12. Which three of the named measures of the foreign policy of the USSR belong to 1985-1991?
1) withdrawal of troops from the states of Central and Eastern Europe
2) the signing of the Helsinki Treaty on Security and Cooperation in Europe
3) the conclusion of an agreement with the United States on the destruction of medium and shorter range missiles
4) the entry of Soviet troops into Hungary
5) the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan
6) signing of an agreement on the prohibition of nuclear tests in the atmosphere, space and underground
B13. Establish a correspondence between the events, phenomena of the foreign policy of the USSR and the names of the leaders with whose activities they are associated.
For each position in the first column, select the corresponding position in the second.
B14. Read an excerpt from the book by D.A. Volkogonov and write the name of the leader of the USSR in question.
“The constant ‘secret’ of (his) influence on the public consciousness was to maintain an uninterrupted tension in society. The situation of a potentially possible "civil war", or rather a specific struggle against "enemies of the people", "spies", "unbelievers", "cosmopolitans", "reborn", "saboteurs", created an atmosphere where his instructions and calls for vigilance always fell on fertile ground."
B15. Arrange the following names of the leaders of the USSR in the second half XX century in the order of their tenure at the head of state. Write the letters of the last names in the correct order.
A) Yu.V. Andropov B) N.S. Khrushchev
B) L.I. Brezhnev D) M.S. Gorbachev
Read an extract from a historical source and briefly answer questions C1-C3. The answers assume the use of information from the source, as well as the application of historical knowledge in the course of the history of the corresponding period.
19th century).
2Already several times during his reign<император>dwelled on the possibility<и>the expediency of introducing a system of representation into the mechanism of public administration ...
... Now the question was raised of changing the very principles of tsarism and reorganizing the system of state administration. Many opportunities were presented to Loris-Melikov for this task…”.
An excerpt from the official telegram (19th century).
“Petersburg… A terrible misfortune befell Russia; today, at half past three in the afternoon, the emperor died, having fallen victim to a heinous murder. His Majesty was returning home after a military parade ... when suddenly his carriage was blown up by a thrown bomb. The emperor, who remained unharmed, wanted to get off to find out what was the matter. At that moment, a second explosion shattered his legs. The emperor was taken in a sleigh to the palace, where he died an hour later. I saw him on his deathbed, surrounded by a shaken family. Crowds of people surround the palace, expressing deep sorrow, but at the same time remain completely calm. Of those accompanying the sovereign, one Cossack was killed, five were wounded. They talk about other victims. Four arrests were made at the scene at the time of the explosion.”
From the memoirs of a contemporary19th century).
“The city was in terrible trouble. The population is terrorized not only by the assassination of the king, but also by rumors about the strength and audacity of the nihilists.
On the streets I met frightened and agitated faces. It seemed that people turned to each other only to report disturbing news that was born and grew every hour: sensational arrests, the seizure of weapons and explosives, the discovery of secret printing houses, revolutionary proclamations pasted on city monuments.
C1. Using the text of the telegram and knowledge of history, name the date (year) of the event in question. Indicate the name of the emperor in question and the name of the organization whose members staged the assassination attempt.
C2. Explain why some historians regard the events described in the telegram as a national tragedy. To answer the question, use the texts of sources and knowledge of history. List at least three positions.
C3. What mood of the society in connection with the mentioned events was evidenced by contemporaries? What caused such a mood? List at least three positions.
C4. Name two wars waged by Russia at the beginning of the 20th century before the collapse of the monarchy. List at least three main goals Russian government in one of them.
C5. The question belongs to the field of theory and historical disputes, involving two radically opposite answers. It does not solve the tasks of this site, so we skip it.
C6. Review the historical situation and answer the questions.
In the 15th century, the Russian boyars firmly held on to the right of parochialism, and the boyars said: "That is death to them, that they will be without places." However, in the early 80s of the 17th century, Tsar Fedor Alekseevich abolished localism.
What was the reason for this measure? Name at least three reasons. What was the significance of the abolition of parochialism? List at least two positions.
C7. Compare the theoretical positions of M.A. Bakunin and P.L. Lavrov.
Indicate what was common (at least two general characteristics) and what is different (at least three differences).
Answers:
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Menshikov |
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intervention |
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question number | Answers |
Date: 1881 Emperor: Alexander II Organization participating in the assassination attempt: Narodnaya Volya |
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1) the fundamental reforms that were carried out in the country and were associated with the name of Alexander II were jeopardized 2) the emperor did not have time to approve the project of Loris-Melikov, which could significantly change the political structure of the country 3) Alexander III, who came to power, abandoned the Loris-Melikov project and headed for the conduct of counter-reforms. |
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Public mood: anxiety 1) killing the king 2) rumors about arrests, the seizure of weapons, explosives, the discovery of secret printing houses, revolutionary proclamations 3) fear of new possible terrorist attacks 4) concern for the future of the country |
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Two wars: Russo-Japanese War 1904-1905 World War I Russia's goals in the Russo-Japanese War: Protection of Russian economic interests in the Far East from Japanese claims Establishment of Russia's political dominance in the region The desire through a "small victorious war" to solve internal problems, increase the authority of the monarchy in the country Russia's goals in the First World War: Maintaining Russian Influence in the Balkans Defense of Serbia and other Balkan peoples against Austrian-German claims Capture of the Bosporus and the Dardanelles (the final solution to the "Eastern Question") |
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Reasons for the abolition of parochialism: Localism hampered the king in the right to choose senior officials Localism introduced rivalry, envy, disputes among the boyars Localism interfered with the implementation of urgent reforms in Russia Localism had a negative impact on the state and military service, the system of distribution of ranks and positions Significance of the abolition of parochialism: Personal qualities, professional skills, zealous service to the sovereign became the main source of promotion. The claims of the feudal nobility to power were dealt a blow Representatives of the nobility won the fight against the boyars for predominance in the ruling elite of Russia; they gradually became the main pillar of absolutism. |
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General characteristics: The inadmissibility of the development of capitalism in Russia The need to overthrow the autocracy The inevitability of a socialist revolution in Russia The need to preserve the peasant community as a cell of the future socialist society The need to eliminate class inequality Differences: |