Goals:

• To acquaint students with the features of the EGP of Western Siberia, natural conditions and resources. Study the industries of specialization in Western Siberia;
• Develop knowledge about economic areas Russian Federation, work with the political and administrative map of Russia;
• Attraction of technical means of teaching students, love for the subject of geography.

Lesson type: a lesson in learning new material.

Teaching method: explanatory and illustrative;

Lesson technology: information and communicative.

Lesson equipment: a computer with a multimedia projector, electronic textbook"Geography Grade 6-10", interactive visual aids.

During the classes

Hello guys, today our lesson is dedicated to the economic region of Russia in Western Siberia.

Knowledge update

Before starting, to the study of a new topic, let's do the updating of knowledge. Here are test questions for which you are given 5-7 minutes, and two of you will work at the computer and put the names of the subjects of economic regions and highlight the boundaries (exactly which ones are written on the cards) on the political-administrative map of Russia.

1st OPTION

1. The composition of the Volga region ____
2. Oil reserves in the Volga region are concentrated:
   A) 6%;
   B) 8%;
   AT 10%.
3. The population of the country lives in the Volga region:
   A) 9%;
   B) 11%;
   B) 13%.
4. The largest city in the Volga region is:
   A) Samara;
   B) Kazan;
   C) Volgograd.
5. In the Volga region, how many cars and trucks are manufactured in Russia:
   A) 80% and 20%;
   B) 80% and 25%;
   B) 80% and 30%.
6. How much grain is grown in the Volga region in the all-Russian sense:
   A) 15%;
   B) 20%;
   B) 25%.

2nd OPTION

1. The composition of the Urals ____
2. The bulk of the population of the Urals is made up of Russians, their number:
   A) 70%;
   B) 75%;
   B) 80%.
3. In the Urals, how much% of the country's copper is smelted:
   A) 70%;
   B) 80%;
   B) 90%.
4. The city of Perm is known for producing:
   A) Artillery weapons;
   B) Tanks;
   C) Small arms.
5. In the Urals, the number of cattle:
   A) 15%;
   B) 17%;
   C) 19%.
6. The Orenburg region is famous throughout Russia ____

1st option: 1 -, 2 - A, 3 - B, 4 - A, 5 - A, 6 - B.

2nd option: 1 -, 2 - C, 3 - C, 4 - A, 5 - B, 6 - Orenburg shawls.

New topic

Ok guys let's get down to learning a new topic. But I need one assistant (who must find the composition of Western Siberia on the Internet)

Appears in Western Siberia: 5 regions (Tyumen with Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Novosibirsk, Tomsk, Omsk, Kemerovo), 1 Territory (Altai), 1 Republic (Altai). The student who found the material on the Internet dictates.

Let the guys remember about Western Siberia from the 8th grade course. (Children's story on a physical interactive map of Russia) The West Siberian Plain is the third largest in the world after the Russian Plain. It stretches from the Kara Sea to the mountains of Southern Siberia and the semi-deserts of Kazakhstan for 2500 km, from the Urals to the Yenisey - for 1900 km. The borders are clearly defined by boundaries: in the north, the shores of the Kara Sea, in the south, the Kazakh Upland, Altai, Salair Ridge and Kuznetsk Alatau, in the west - the Urals, in the east - the valley of the Yenisei River.

Oil and gas reserves make Western Siberia one of the world leaders. The territory also contains 60% of Russia's peat reserves. Mineral resources also include hot waters with temperatures ranging from 40º to 120º. OK, thanks. I would like to add to these words about the harsh climate of the West Siberian Plain.

Industry of the region

/ 2 slide /

The West Siberian economic region stands out in the Eastern macroregion with a powerful economy. It is characterized by a diversified industry and developed agriculture.

At present, Western Siberia provides over 70% of oil, 92% of natural gas, about 30% of coal, about 20% of the country's timber, the region accounts for about 20% of grain production, the main livestock. In a notebook they draw round diagrams from slide 1

In terms of oil and natural gas reserves, ZS ranks 1st in the country, but it is also rich in brown coal and iron ores, and provides the main increase in the production of these types of raw materials and fuels.

Oil fields are concentrated in the middle reaches of the Ob, and in the far north - gas.

The reserves of brown coal are concentrated in the Urals (Severo-Sosvinskaya) and in the south-east of the plain (Kansk-Achinsk basin). The Kuznetsk Basin is allocated with coal reserves (30% of the country's reserves)

In Siberia, the iron ore resources of the West Siberian basin were discovered, stretching parallel to the Yenisei far from railways.

Large reserves of thermal waters (at a depth of 1000 to 3000 m) are concentrated in the Tyumen, Tomsk, Omsk, Novosibirsk regions.

The wide swampiness of 1/3 of the entire territory of Western Siberia is associated with the formation of large deposits of peat and valuable fertilizers.

Non-ferrous metals were found in Altai, reserves of various salts are concentrated in Lake Kulundinskoye

On the territory of Western Siberia, two main natural-territorial complexes are distinguished: / rice 103 page 282, sl 3 /

• West Siberian complex (including the Tyumen region)
• Kuznetsk-Altai complex (including the Altai Territory and the Altai Republic, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, Omsk and Tomsk Regions)

The formation of such complexes is associated, first of all, with the uneven distribution of natural resources over the territory of Western Siberia.

Guys, we are now using the textbook / pp. 231-233, 4-5 sl / we will work and fill out the table. (They have an empty, unfilled table in their hands). Then we will just be convinced why such a formation of two economic complexes took place, and we will see the main branches of specialization in Western Siberia

Centre	Industry of specialization
Novokuznetsk	metallurgy
Belovo	non-ferrous metallurgy
Kuzbass	mining and metallurgical equipment
Novosibirsk	machine tools, instrument making, power engineering, agricultural engineering, defense plants
Rubtsovsk, Barnaul	agricultural engineering
Omsk, Tomsk	defense factories
Kemerovo	chemical industry
Nizhnevartovsk, Surgut, Urengoy, Yanburg	oil and gas industry
Mezhdurechensk, Asino	timber industry

It appears that the guys are the main branches of specialization in Western Siberia: oil, gas, coal, metallurgical and timber industries (write down in a notebook under dictation).

Each of these TPKs have centers. The largest city and center of the Kuznetsk-Altai complex is the city of Novosibirsk / 6-11slide /, and the organizational center of the West Siberian TPK is the city of Tyumen / sl 12-15 /. / Annex 1 /

Agriculture of the region

In the south of the region, meat and dairy farming and sheep breeding have developed. Along with sheep breeding, antler reindeer breeding and beekeeping have survived. Spring wheat is grown on dry areas of the forest-steppe and steppe. (1/6 agricultural land in Russia)

A powerful thermal power industry has developed on the basis of its own coal; large thermal power plants Surgutskaya, Omskaya, Novosibirskaya are operating. A large Novosibirsk hydroelectric power station is in operation.

Population of the area

The indigenous population of the region is the Nenets, whose main occupation is reindeer herding. The Nenets roam with herds of deer in the summer to the coasts, and in the winter to the south to the forest-tundra.

The middle part of Western Siberia is inhabited by two peoples: the Khanty and the Mansi, whose main occupation is hunting and fishing.

In addition to the indigenous population, Russians and Ukrainians live here. In general, the district is home to 14 million 600 thousand people. A sharp increase in the population took place in the 20th century - these are oil and gas workers, with the arrival of which new cities were built. High population density along the highways and in the south of Western Siberia. Powerful oil concerns operate in the oil industry of Western Siberia. Among them are LUKOIL, Surgutneftegaz, Rosneft / rice 107 page 287, cl 19 /

Generalization of knowledge

• Work on the political and administrative map of Russia. Students must show on an interactive map the composition of the area with administrative centers;
• Natural resources of the region;
• Branches of specialization of the economic region;
• Agriculture of the region;
• The population of the area;

Homework

§57 put on the stake / map the subjects of Western Siberia, industrial centers.

Describe the TPK according to the plan:

1. TPK name;
2. Natural resources;
3. Energy sources;
4. Branches of specialization;
5. Manufactured products;

A message on the topic of oil concerns LUKOIL, Surgutneftegaz, Rosneft by choice.

The peculiarities of agriculture in Siberia are due to harsh climatic conditions, but, despite this, this branch of the national economy is developing at a high rate and plays an important role in the life of the region and the country as a whole. In the Siberian region, they are engaged in the cultivation of grain, forage and vegetable crops, cattle breeding, fisheries and the extraction of valuable breeds of furs.

Agriculture in the region has a clear zonal specialization, for example, in the north they are mainly engaged in reindeer husbandry, hunting, fishing and agriculture in river valleys. In the southern regions, where climatic conditions are more favorable for agriculture, they specialize in meat and dairy cattle breeding and crop production. To the east, where pastures and hayfields are mainly concentrated, sheep breeding predominates; in the west, arable land prevails in the structure of farmland.

The cultivation of grain crops is the main direction of agriculture in Siberia. Due to the fact that the climate in this region is continental and sharply continental, the main emphasis is placed on such cereals as spring wheat, rye, barley and oats, buckwheat is grown in the West Siberian part of the region in addition to these crops. Legumes are mainly used for forage as there is a significant shortage of hay for livestock. Small amounts of flax and sunflower are grown in the region, as well as some types of vegetables, including potatoes.

The region's livestock industry is based on sheep breeding, since the maintenance of cattle is more costly. Despite this, in Siberia, cows are also bred for meat and milk, pigs and poultry. Horses, sika deer, morals and yaks are bred in the Altai mountains, and camels in the south of Western Siberia. Fur farming is also of great economic importance for the development of the region; squirrels, sables, foxes and blue foxes are bred here.

The main centers for the processing of agricultural raw materials are Irkutsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Tyumen, Ishim, Tatarsk and Yalutorovsk. The food industry, which is a sub-sector of agriculture, is associated with the production of meat, canned meat, milk, flour, cereals, butter, cheese and salt. The processing enterprises of the agricultural sector also include factories for the dressing of leather and fur, the production of wool and sheepskin.

The fishing complex includes enterprises specializing in fishing in rivers, lakes and seas, breeding commercial fish species, as well as fish processing plants and fish processing plants, production canned fish... On Lake Baikal there are three powerful fish-breeding factories Bolsherechensky, Chivyrkuisky and Barguzinsky, where they breed sturgeon, grayling and whitefish in order to obtain not only meat, but also caviar. Sea fishing is mainly carried out in the Ob Bay.

Natural conditions and seasonality increase the need of agriculture for better and more complete material and technical equipment, which in Siberia is much worse than in the whole country. Another agricultural problem in the region is the lack of labor resources, as well as qualified personnel - livestock breeders, machine operators and other specialists. According to experts, further development of agriculture in the Siberian region requires an increase in the range and an increase in the efficiency of production of high-quality agricultural products through the use of newer and more modern equipment, seeds, highly effective natural fertilizers and other scientific developments.

Lesson topic "Western Siberia"

The purpose of the lesson: Organize work on the assimilation of features geographic location, resource base, population and economic specialization of Western Siberia. Tasks: Educational: Developing: Developing mindfulness logical thinking and broadening their horizons, preparing students for life in a post-industrial society. to consolidate the ability to extract information from atlas maps ability to analyze data and formulate conclusions to reveal the reasons for the dependence of natural resource potential and sectors of the economy; as well as the dependence of the development of the region on the features of the EGP Educational: Development of cognitive interest, creative activity of students, education of information culture; students must make sure that the development of any territory is impossible without knowledge of its featuresEquipment:

During the classes

Organizing time Learning new material

Teacher - The Eastern Economic Zone consists of three large economic regions. We will name them and indicate on the map (p. 195 fig. 59) - Our task is to determine the differences between these areas. And today we will take a closer look at Western Siberia.
Exercise 1. Study the map of the atlas "Western Siberia" and fill in the gaps in the text. The area of ​​the district is _______ km 2. It is home to ________ thousand. people Western Siberia is a region of Russia that borders on 3 states: _________________. Russian neighbors are ____________________ districts. In the North, Western Siberia has access to the _______ sea. The district consists of _____ subjects: ____ regions, ____ autonomous districts, ____ territories, _____ republics. Two important transport routes pass through the district _______________ The closest ties are established with the ______________ economic region. The benefits of EGP in Western Siberia are _________________ The negative factor is _____________.
- Check with slide
Teacher: - Different parts of Russia differ in natural and economic conditions: some of them are densely populated, while others are deserted; some are rich in minerals, while others are poor in them. Thus, the conditions of each territory are favorable for the development of various industries, and each territory focuses on the production of those types of products, the conditions for the production of which are most favorable.
Task 2. Working in groups 1 group. Conclusion: the development of the territory is complicated _ (swampy territory, permafrost, polar night in the north of Western Siberia) ______________________
Group 2. (rich, not rich) natural resources, especially _________ (fuel).
Answer. Western Siberia has large oil and gas fields. Oil fields are located in the middle part of Western Siberia - the middle Ob region, near the cities of Surgut and Nizhnevartovsk: Samotlorskoye, Surgutskoye, Salymskoye, Ust-Balykskoye, Varyeganskoye, etc. In the north of the Tyumen region, on the territory of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, natural gas is produced. Deposits - Urengoyskoye, Yamburgskoye, Zapolyarnoye, Medvezhye, etc. In the south, in the Kemerovo region, there is the largest Kuznetsk coal basin (high quality coal, availability of industrial development). In the south of the Kemerovo region (mountainous Shoria region) there are deposits of iron ores. Altai has reserves of mercury and gold, manganese and polymetallic ores. In the south - Lake Kulundinskoe - deposits of Glauber and table salt. There are significant forest resources, the taiga has valuable types of wood - cedar, fir, larch. In the south, in the steppe zone, there are fertile soils - chernozems. Water resources are significant.
Group 3. - demographic indicators- placement - density - National composition - urbanization, cities (strong, weak); the district has (wealth or scarcity)
Answer. Population - 15.0 million people; 10.2% of the RF. Natural growth is negative -5.5. The population is unevenly distributed. The average density is 6 people / km2. the most densely populated are the southern regions along the Transsib. The taiga is inhabited mainly by river valleys. In the tundra, the density is less than 1 person / sq. km. The indigenous population of the north - the Nenets - the Ural family. The middle part is inhabited by two peoples - the Khanty and the Mansi - the Finno-Ugric group, the Uralic language family. In the south - the Altaians - the Altai family. The Russian population predominates - over 90%. The urbanization rate is 71%. Large cities are located mainly at the intersection of railways and navigable rivers. The cities "millionaires" are Novosibirsk and Omsk.
Students' messages about the cities of Western Siberia.
Teacher: - When a territory begins to produce one or another product in volumes that exceed local needs, and provides it to other regions of the country, then it develops territorial specialization. - Territorial specialization is influenced by three groups of factors: - natural (natural conditions and resources); - social (size and composition of the population, historically developed labor skills); - economic (availability of transport infrastructure, consumers, etc.)
Task 3. Determine the economic specialization of the district. (Appendix 2)
1 group.

Natural resources

Group 2.

coefficient specializations K . NS N
If K____ 1 , then this industry is branch of specialization .

N - Share of the population of the district
in the total population of the country =

Make a conclusion. The branches of specialization of the district are _______________
Group 3.

Branches of specialization

70% of all Russian oil 92% of all Russian gas
Cast iron, steel, rolled products
Aluminum Tin Zinc
Mineral fertilizers, synthetic resins and plastics, chemical fibers, tires
Aircraft, radio equipment, devices. Tanks, spacecraft, launch vehicles, communications satellites. Mining and metallurgical equipment, machine tools. Tractors Carriages
Round timber, furniture, matches
Wheat
Meat, milk 11% 13% - All-Russian.
Antlers, meat Answer:

Diversified economy; Developed scientific base; This is the main oil, gas and coal base of the country; Large metallurgical base; Area of ​​developed grain farming

TPK of Western Siberia.(there is a demonstration of space images from the Center "Internal Differences of the West Siberian Region"
Teacher: - The northern and southern parts of Western Siberia differ significantly in the nature of their economic specialization. Oil and gas production determines the specialization of the north. The satellite image shows oil production in the Tyumen region near the Purovskoye field. Variegated light lilac with white tones - disturbed areas, field infrastructure (drilling sites, pipelines, roads); dark lilac objects - burning from fires; light lilac monochromatic - wetlands. Gas production in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District - Urengoyskoye field. Lilac and pink tones - infrastructure; dirty green and brown - wetlands. Here in the northern part of the district was formed petrochemical West Siberian TPK. - The specialization of the southern part of the region is determined by coal mining, metallurgical industry and highly developed agriculture. The picture shows the Kuznetsk coal basin. Purple and dark lilac shades - the territory of the deposit (coal mines, quarries, rock dumps). Novokuznetsk is a large metallurgical center with two full-cycle plants, a ferroalloy plant and an aluminum plant. A section of the territory of the Altai Territory - pink and brown tones - plowed agricultural land. Here in the southern part of the district was formed coal-metallurgical Kuznetsk-Altai TPK.
- What problems of the region are very clearly visible on these photographs?
Answer: 1. Swampiness. The peculiarities of the nature of the tundra complicate economic activity in this natural zone (the presence of lakes and swamps prevents the construction of roads, the harsh climatic conditions are unfavorable for human life.) The teacher explains that in the tundra, roads and sites where oil rigs are located must be specially poured. 2. The prevailing branches of heavy industry (mining, metallurgy) - unfavorable changes in the structure of the economy. 3. Environmental problems: oil pollution of the Ob river; destruction of reindeer pastures; air pollution in the Kuzbass region with coal dust, emissions from metallurgical plants, smoke from thermal power plants; soil erosion. 4. Problems of the peoples of the Far North; 5. Deficit of labor resources; 6. Insufficient development of social infrastructure.
Teacher: - How can these problems be solved, and what are the prospects for the development of the region?
Answer: 1. Dehumidification 2. Development of manufacturing industries 3. Use of special equipment, reconstruction of old production facilities, adoption of laws on nature conservation.OUTPUT.In terms of its economic potential, the region ranks third after the Center and the Urals.The main economic function of Western Siberia is the supply of oil and gas to the European part of the country. Powerful concerns have been created in the oil industry of Western Siberia. The largest and most stable operating companies are Lukoil and Surgutneftegaz. Role of coal in recent times decreases. The region is distinguished in the all-Russian division of labor by ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering, and the chemical industry. The production of durum wheat grain is of great importance. 10% of grain harvest in Russia. 3. Anchoring. Getting ready for the GIA.1. In western Siberia, the North zone occupies:

Most of the territory; About half; A smaller part.

2. What natural zone is absent in the West Siberian Plain?

tundra taiga mixed forests broadleaf forests

3. Of the resources of Western Siberia, the most important for the country are:

Forest; Fuel and energy; Ore.

4. The complex of structural materials is developed in Western Siberia:

In the north; On South.

5. Set the correspondence:Industrial centre:

Urengoy; Novokuznetsk; Novosibirsk.

6. The economy of Western Siberia mainly uses resources:

Own; Imported.

7. Which of the cities of Western Siberia is the largest in terms of population?

Novosibirsk Barnaul Tomsk Tyumen

8. Establish a correspondence between the type of product and the region of Russia that specializes in its production. PRODUCT TYPE REGION OF RUSSIA

coal A. Arkhangelsk region oil B. Republic of Tatarstan wood V. Kemerovo region G. Chelyabinsk region

Write down the answer in the table.

9. How can you explain the location of a nitrogen fertilizer plant in Kemerovo? Give at least two reasons. 10. How to explain the location of tractor construction in the city of Rubtsovsk in the south of Western Siberia? Give at least two reasons. 11. Define the region by its short description. This republic borders on three countries. The only urban settlement is the capital. Like most mountainous areas, it is populated extremely unevenly: most of the villages and villages are located along rivers, as well as in intermontane basins. The leading sector of the economy is agriculture. The share of industry in the structure of the economy is one of the lowest in the country. Developed food industry, mining of non-ferrous metal ores, production of building materials.12. Draw a diagram of the Siberian Metallurgical Base.

13. There is such a song among the Mansi peoples:We will leave, we will leave the earth
Not to be born again
And on fast skiing horses
Do not skim after the sables.
Our boats are like graves
On the sands they will rot sadly,
And in empty villages
Only mice will live.What problem of the indigenous people of the North is mentioned in the poem?4. Homework: pp. 289-291 (textbook geography of Russia "Population and economy" Alekseev, Nikolina), to characterize the TPK according to the plan - 1 variant of the West Siberian, 2 variant - Kuznetsk-Altai.

Plan

Geographical position.

Natural conditions and the most important types of natural resources.

Largest cities.

Branches of specialization of industry (by city).

Features of the development of transport.

Territorially - production ties.

Problems and development prospects.

Conclusion on the significance and development of TPK.

Annex 1- cards for working in groups

1 group. Give a brief description of the natural conditions of Western Siberia. What is the difference between natural conditions? Assess the natural conditions.

Conclusion: the development of the territory is complicated ______________________

Group 2. Determine from the atlas map what natural resources the area has (indicate where, in what part of the district). Give an economic assessment of the natural resources of Western Siberia. On a contour map, mark the largest mineral deposits. Formulate a conclusion: Western Siberia (rich, not rich) natural resources, especially _________

Group 3. Give a description of the population of Western Siberia: - demographic indicators - accommodation - density - National composition - urbanization, cities Estimate the population and labor force. Formulate the conclusion: the population of the territory - (strong, weak); the district has (wealth or scarcity) labor resources; the problem of the indigenous population is acute.

Appendix 2
1 group. Using knowledge about the natural resources of the area, guess what sectors of the economy will be developed in Western Siberia. Fill the table. Find the centers and regions of these sectors of the economy on the economic map.

Natural resources

Group 3. Use the text in the tutorial to complete the table. Find the centers and regions of these sectors of the economy on the economic map.

Branches of specialization

Prove that Western Siberia stands out for its powerful economy. Answer: Evidence that Western Siberia has a strong economy:

Diversified economy; ……… ……….. ………….. ……………

Group 2. Using the table in Appendix 4, a formula and a calculator, calculate which industries will be the industries of specialization in Western Siberia. Fill in the table, build a graph. Find the centers and regions of these sectors of the economy on the economic map.
To determine the specialization, there is coefficient specializations K . NS - the share of the district's production in the total production of the country N - the share of the population of the district in the total population of the country
If K____ 1 , then this industry is branch of specialization .
N - Share of the population of the district
in the total population of the country =

Got widespread many years ago. Antler reindeer breeding became widespread in ... Reindeer, which are bred for these purposes, are kept in special enclosures. Deer are the only family of mammals that annually grow and shed a massive organ - horns. Panty- horns during the period of their annual growth, have a tubular non-traded structure, filled , covered with thin velvety leather with short soft hair. deer are of great value due to their medicinal properties. cut from live animals without harming them. , obtained thanks to these animals, helps many, many people to cope with the disease. In the eastern traditional systems of healing (China, Korea) antlers are widely used to maintain strength and youth, they are at the very top of the drugs used and are comparable only to ginseng.

Introspection lesson

Lesson "West Siberian economic region" is 17 in the topic "Geography of large regions of the Russian Federation", so the main task of the lesson was

to identify the features of the geographical location and natural resource potential of the region; to compose an “image of the territories” that are part of the Z-SER to form an idea of ​​the specifics of the formation of the population of the region and its modern settlement; to characterize the branches of specialization of the region and the factors of their development; determine the state of the economy and problems.

Based on the tasks set, the content and structure of the lesson was selected. The content of the educational material meets the program requirements and is as close as possible to the age characteristics of students.

The structure of the lesson is also aimed at the implementation of the set goals.

The type of lesson is combined, so almost all the main stages of the lesson are present. The proposed lesson model allows students, using various sources of information, to identify the significance of the West Siberian region for the country's economy, to assess natural resources for the development of the economy, to establish specific features of the population, to determine the areas of specialization of the territory, to formulate the problems of the region and outline ways to solve them. The lesson is presented in a uniform format as a presentation.

When planning a lesson great attention the organization of the work of students in the lesson is paid, a change in the activities of students is assumed, time is clearly allocated for each type of activity. Information resources are viewed as a means to help make the lesson the most productive. In the lesson, everything is subordinated to the main goal, other technologies and types of work are also used: working with a map, a textbook. The developed presentation is some aesthetic and informational background of the lesson, accompanying it from start to finish. Students, working in creative groups, get a holistic idea of ​​the modern economy of the region, problems and development prospects. They develop open-mindedness and responsibility in decision-making, the ability to communicate and defend their point of view.

When studying new material, a large role is assigned to the independent work of students. Children, using textbooks, work according to the instruction card in groups, analyze and compare, draw conclusions on their own, which allows them to actively develop the thinking of students. An educational lesson is distinguished by a clear organization, a high level of independence and self-organization of students, and a differentiation of the educational process. Filling out the tables based on the results of the work of each group allows you to significantly reduce the time in the lesson and present new knowledge in a logical graphic form.

After learning the new material, the mastery of the material follows, where a time-saving test control is used, which allows you to quickly check the knowledge of the children, increases the interest of the children in the lesson, and is also aimed at developing self-assessment skills.

Homework is partially differentiated and allows you to take into account the capabilities and interests of the children.

In the lesson, various forms and methods of work were also used: frontal work, independent individual, group work. A variety of explanatory-illustrative, reproductive, partial-search methods allows you to make the lesson rich, interesting and productive.

Throughout the lesson, we used and different types feedback: self-control, observation of the activities of students, mutual control, which allows you to timely correct mistakes and direct the activities of the children in the right direction.

The lesson used various teaching aids necessary for the implementation of the educational process: a textbook, atlas maps, models of geographic objects - interactive maps, digital space images, teaching aids (computer, projector, electronic presentation), magnetic aids, which increases the cognitive activity of students to subject.

Thus, thanks to the use of various methods and forms of work, the correctly selected content of the educational material and the structure of the lesson, the objectives of the lesson are realized and the goal is achieved.

14

I have traveled to Siberia by train several times. When passing through Tyumen, I constantly drew attention to the countless number of oil tanks that are transported by rail. But the region's economy is based not only on the extraction of minerals. I was repeatedly offered to go to work at various enterprises, of which there are quite a few, but the harsh living conditions constantly restrained me.

What are the main sectors of the economy in Western Siberia

Siberia is rich in its oil and gas deposits. Extraction of black gold and blue fuel is perhaps the most important industry in this region. Here are the main centers for the extraction of these minerals:

• Tyumen;
• Surgut;
• New Urengoy;
• Nizhnevartovsk.

But Siberia is rich not only in oil and gas. Coal mining is also very well developed here. In this regard, I would like to note the Kuznetsk coal basin and two centers in Kemerovo and Novokuznetsk.

Non-ferrous metallurgy is very well developed. Nickel, aluminum and other metals are mined in the region.

The timber industry is developed in the Tomsk region in the Novosibirsk region, as well as in the Krasnoyarsk region. The timber is not only processed, but also actively exported.

What problems are experienced by the main sectors of the economy of Western Siberia

In fact, there are a lot of problems. One of the most basic, I would call the climatic conditions. Indeed, this region is far from the most favorable climate. Winters are very harsh and long. Because of this, not many people live here.

From the above, it emerges that there is often a shortage of manpower. High salaries are not offered everywhere, and people simply do not want to go to remote cities.

Also, sometimes a transport problem is felt, because the railway network is not very well developed, and with by road the situation is even worse.

But, perhaps, one of the most important problems, I would call the fact that there are many emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. For example, the air in the Kemerovo region is very polluted. Water bodies in this region are also polluted. This problem is especially acute and needs to be addressed immediately.

The branches of market specialization of the Ural economic region are mining and non-ferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering, chemical and petrochemical, forestry, woodworking and pulp and paper industries. The production of building materials is also important.

Agriculture in the Urals specializes in grain (spring wheat, rye, oats) and livestock products. Potatoes, vegetables, fiber flax, sunflowers, and sugar beets are grown.

Dairy farming and poultry farming prevail in the north.

In the south - meat and dairy and beef cattle breeding, sheep breeding, pig breeding 11 Regional economy: Textbook / ed. T.G. Morozova, - M: UNITI, 1995, p. 248 ..

Geographical location, composition, labor and natural resources of the West Siberian ER

The West Siberian economic region includes:

Altai Territory, Altai Republic, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Tyumen Regions (including Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug). Western Siberia belongs to the regions with a high endowment of natural resources with a shortage of labor resources 22 Ibid, p. 156 ..

Western Siberia is distinguished by various reserves of minerals, especially fuel and energy resources. The main oil fields are located in the Middle Ob region. Natural gas deposits are located in the circumpolar region: Medvezhye, Urengoy, etc., in the Arctic - ----? ---, Ivanovskoe, etc. New deposits have been discovered on the Yamal Peninsula. The main coal resources are located in Kuzbass. Great ore base (West Siberian iron ore basin). Altai is rich building materials... The Tomsk and Tyumen regions are rich in forests, foothill areas Altai Territory and Kemerovo Region 33 Ibid., P. 257 ..

Western Siberia is a region of extremely uneven distribution of the population. The urban population predominates. This is one of the most labor-deficient regions in Russia. Negative migration balance 44 Ibid., P. 258 ..

Branches of specialization of industry and agriculture of the West Siberian ER

The main directions in the development of the region are associated with the deepening of market specialization on the basis of the oil, coal, gas industry, the creation on their basis of the largest complex of energy-intensive, material-intensive and water-intensive industries.

Market sectors of specialization - fuel, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, forestry, mechanical engineering, chemical, food

The branches of agricultural specialization include: grain production, dairy and meat, cattle breeding, fine-wool sheep breeding, reindeer husbandry, fur farming, fur trade 11 Regional economy: Textbook / ed. T.G. Morozova, - M: UNITI, 1995, p. 259 ..