Calculation of the number of sections of heating radiators in the apartment. Calculation of the amount of sections of heating radiators
With long-term accommodation in the house, many people face the need to replace the heating system. Some apartment owners at a certain point decide to replace the worn heating radiator. To make a warm atmosphere, after performing the necessary events, a warm atmosphere was provided, it is necessary to properly approach the task of calculating the heating for the house along the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. From this largely depends on the efficiency of the heating system. To ensure this, you need to correctly calculate the number of sections of the radiators installed. In this case, the heat transfer from them will be optimal.
If the number of sections is insufficient, then the necessary heating of the room will never happen. And due to the insufficient number of sections in the radiator, high heat consumption will arise, which will adversely affect the budget of the apartment owner. It is possible to determine the need for a particular room in heating, if you make simple calculations. And in order for them seemed accurate, when they are fulfilled, it is necessary to take into account whole line Additional parameters.
Simple calculations on the area
In order to correctly calculate heating radiators for a particular room, it is necessary, first of all, take into account the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. The easiest way - focus on plumbing normsAccording to which 1 kV heating. m. 100 watts of heating radiator power required. You should not forget that this method can be used for premises, which have a standard ceilings height, that is, varies from 2.5 to 2.7 meters. Execution of calculations using this method allows you to get some overestimated results. In addition, when it is used, the following features are not taken into account:
- the number of windows and type of packages installed indoors;
- the number of external walls located indoors;
- materials manufacturing walls and their thickness;
- type and thickness of the insulation used.
Heat, which to create a comfortable atmosphere in the room should give radiators: to obtain optimal calculations, it is necessary to take the area of \u200b\u200bthe room and multiply it to the thermal power of the radiator.
An example of calculating radiator
Let's say if the room has an area of \u200b\u200b18 square meters. m., then it will require a battery with a capacity of 1800 watts.
18 square meters m. x 100 W \u003d 1800 W.
Obtained the result must be divided into the amount of heatwhich within an hour allocates one section of the heating radiator. If the product passport indicate that this indicator is 170 W, then the calculations will be such:
1800 W / 170 W \u003d 10.59.
The result obtained must be rounded to the whole. As a result, we get 11. This means that in the room with such an area, the optimal solution will be the installation of heating radiator with eleven sections.
It should be said that such a method is perfectly suitable for rooms that get heat from the centralized highway, where it circulates the coolant with a temperature of 70 degrees Celsius.
There is another way that in its simplicity exceeds the previous ones. It is possible to apply it to calculate the amount of heating in apartments. panel houses. When it is used, it is taken into account that one section is able to heat the area of \u200b\u200b1.8 square meters. M.., That is, when performing calculations, the area of \u200b\u200bthe room should be divided by 1.8. If the room has an area of \u200b\u200b25 square meters. m., then to ensure optimal heating, 14 sections in the radiator will be required.
25 square meters m. / 1.8 square meters. m. \u003d 13.89.
However, this method of calculation has one nuance. It cannot be used for low and high power devices. That is, for those radiators whose returns of one section varies in the range from 120 to 200 W.
Method for calculating heating for rooms with high ceilings
If the ceilings have a height of more than 3 meters in the room, the use of the methods listed above does not make it possible to correctly calculate the need for heating. In such cases, it is necessary to use the formula that takes into account the size of the room. In accordance with the standards of SNiP, it takes 41 watts of heat for heating one cubic meter.
An example of calculating radiator
Stripping from this, for heating the room, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich is 24 square meters. m., and the height of the ceilings is at least 3 meters, the calculations will be the following:
24 sq. M. m. x 3 m \u003d 72 cubic meters. m. As a result, we obtain the total area of \u200b\u200bthe room.
72 cubic meters m. x 41 W \u003d 2952 W. The result is the total radiator power, which will ensure optimal heated room.
Now it is necessary to calculate the number of sections in the battery For the room of such a square. In the event that in the passport to the product it is indicated that the heat transfer of one section is 180 W, during the calculations, the total battery power is to be divided into this number.
As a result, we get 16.4. Then the result must be rounded. As a result, we have 17 sections. Batteries with so many sections are quite enough to create a warm atmosphere in a room of 72 m 3. After performing uncomplicated calculations, we get the data we need.
Extra options
By calculating, follows conduct adjustment of the result, taking into account the features of the room. They should be taken into account as follows:
- for a room that is an angular, with one window when calculating the resulting battery power, add 20% additionally;
- if there are two windows in the room, it should be adjusted towards an increase of 30%;
- in cases where the radiator mounting is performed in a niche under the window, its heat transfer is somewhat decreased. Therefore, it is necessary to add 5% to its power;
- in the room in which the windows overlook the north side, the battery power must additionally add 10%;
- decoking the battery in his room with a special screen, you should know that it steals at the radiator some of the thermal energy. Therefore, it is additionally necessary to add to the radiator of 15%.
Specificity and other features
In the room for which the need for heating needs, there may be another specificity. The following indicators are important:
Climatic zones
Everyone knows that each climatic zone has its heated need. Therefore, when developing a project, these indicators should be taken into account.
Every climatic zone there are its coefficientsthat must be used in calculations.
For the middle strip of Russia, this coefficient is 1. Therefore, it is not used in calculations.
In the northern and eastern regions of the country, the coefficient is 1.6.
In the southern part of the country, this indicator varies from 0.7 to 0.9.
When performing calculations, it is necessary to multiply thermal power to this coefficient. And then on the heat transfer of one section to divide the result obtained.
Conclusion
The calculation of the heating indoors is very important to ensure a warm atmosphere in the dwelling in winter. Large difficulties with the execution of calculations usually do not occur. therefore each owner can exercise them independently.without resorting to the services of specialists. It is enough to find formulas that are used for calculations.
In this case can be saved on the purchase of a radiatorSince you will be delighted from the need to pay for unnecessary sections. By installing them in the kitchen or in the living room, the comfortable atmosphere will reign in your dwelling. If you are unsure of the accuracy of your calculations, because of which you will not pick up the optimal option, you should contact professionals. They will correctly make calculations, and after qualitatively, the installation of new heating radiators or competently carry out the heating system.
Most often, bimetallic radiators owners are purchased to replace cast-iron batteries, which for one reason or another failed or began to heat the room badly. To make this model of radiators well coped with its task, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the rules for calculating the number of sections on the entire room.
Required data for counting
The right decision itself will be the appeal to experienced specialists. Professionals can calculate the number bimetallic radiators Heating is quite accurate and efficient. This calculation will help determine how many sections will be needed not only for one room, but also for the entire room, as well as for any type of object.
All professionals take into account the following data for counting the number of batteries:
- what material the building was built;
- what is the thickness of the walls in the rooms;
- the type of windows whose mounting was produced in this room;
- in which climatic conditions is the building;
- is there a room over the room where radiators are put, some heating;
- how many in the room "cold" walls;
- what is the area of \u200b\u200bthe room calculated;
- what is the height of the walls.
All this data allow you to make calculation most accurate to install bimetallic batteries.
Coefficient heat loss
To make the calculation correctly, it is necessary for the beginning to calculate which heat losses will be, and then calculate their coefficient. For accurate data you need to consider one unknown, that is, walls. This applies primarily by corner rooms. For example, the following parameters are presented: height - two and a half meters, the width is three meters, the length is six meters.
- F is the wall area;
- a - its length;
- x - her height.
The calculation is carried out in meters. According to these calculations, the wall area will be equal to seven and a half square meters. After that, it is necessary to calculate the heat loss in the formula p \u003d f * k.
Also multiplied by the temperature difference in the room and on the street, where:
- P is the area of \u200b\u200bheat loss;
- F is the wall area in square meters;
- K is a thermal conductivity coefficient.
For the correct calculation you need to take into account the temperature. If the temperature on the street is about twenty-one degrees, and in the room eighteen degrees, it is necessary to add two more degrees to calculate this room. To the resulting digit you need to add p windows and r doors. The result obtained should be divided into a number denoting the thermal power of one section. As a result of simple computing and it turns out to know how many batteries are necessary for heating the same room.
However, all these calculations are correct exclusively for rooms that have medium insulation indicators. As you know, the same premises do not happen, so it is necessary to take into account the correction coefficients to accurately calculate. They must be multiplied by the result obtained by calculating the formula. The coefficient corrections for the angular rooms are 1.3, and for premises located in very cold places - 1.6, for attic - 1.5.
Battery power
To determine the power of one radiator, it is necessary to calculate how much the kilowatt heat will be needed from installed system Heating. The power that is needed to enjoy each square meter is 100 watts. The resulting number is multiplied by the number square meters Rooms. Then the figure is divided into the power of each individual section of the modern radiator. Some batteries consist of two sections and more. Making the calculation, you need to choose a radiator, which has an approximate number of sections. But still, it should be a little more calculated.
This is done in order to make the room warmer and not flaw on cold days.
Manufacturers of bimetallic radiators indicate their power for some data of the heating system.Therefore, buying any model, it is necessary to take into account the thermal pressure, which characterizes how the heat carrier is heated, and also how it heats the heating system. In technical documentation, the power of one section is often indicated for heat pressure in sixty-degrees. This corresponds to the water temperature in the radiator in ninety degrees. In those houses where the premises are heated cast-iron batteriesThis is justified, but for new buildings, where everything is done modern, the water temperature in the radiator may well be lower. Heat pressure in such heating systems can be up to fifty degrees.
The calculation here is also not difficult. It is necessary to divide the radiator power to the figure denoting the thermal pressure. The number is divided into the figure specified in the documents. In this case, the effective power of the batteries will be slightly smaller.
It is necessary to put it in all formulas.
Popular Methods
To deduct the desired number of sections in the radiator installed, not one formula can be used, but several. Therefore, it is worth assessing all the options and choose the one that is suitable for more accurate data. To do this, you need to know that on the standards of SNiP for 1 m², one bimetallic section may heat one meter and eighty centimeters of the area. To calculate how the number of sections are needed on 16 m², you need to divide this figure by 1.8 square meters. As a result, it turns out nine sections. However, this method is quite primitive and for more accurate definition it is necessary to take into account all of the above data.
There is another simple method for self-calculation.For example, if you take a small room in 12 m², then very strong batteries here. You can take, for example, the heat transfer is only one section in two hundred watts. Then, by the formula, you can easily calculate their quantity required for the selected room. To get the desired digit, you need 12 - this is the number of squares, multiply by 100, power per square meter and divide by 200 watts. This, as can be understood, is the value of heat transfer to one section. As a result of the calculations, the number six, that is, it is so many sections will need for the heating of the room in twelve squares.
You can consider another option for an apartment with a quadrature in 20 m².Suppose that the power of the bought radiator section is one hundred eighty watts. Then, substituting all the existing values \u200b\u200bin the formula, it turns out this result: 20 must be multiplied by 100 and divided by 180 will be equal to 11, which means that this number of sections will be needed for heating of this room. However, such results will really correspond to the premises where the ceilings are not above three meters, and climatic conditions Not very tough. And the windows were not taken into account, that is, their number, therefore, a few more sections should be added to the end result, their number will depend on the number of windows. That is, you can install two radiator in which six sections will be installed. At the same time, another section was added to the windows and doors.
In volume
To make a calculation more accurate, you need to make a calculation by volume, that is, take into account three dimensions in the selected heated room. All calculations are done almost the same, only the capacity is the capacity calculated for one cubic meter, which are equal to forty one watt. You can try to calculate the number of sections of the bimetallic battery for the room with such an area, as in the embodiment above and compare the results. In this case, the ceilings height will be equal to two meters of seventy centimeters, and the square of the room will be twelve square meters. Then you need to multiply three to four, and then two and seven.
The result will be like this: thirty-two and four meters of cubic. It must be multiplied by forty one and it will turn out a thousand three hundred twenty-eight and four watts. Such radiator power will be perfect for heating this room. Then this result must be divided into two hundred, that is, the number of watts. The result will be equal to six hundred and sixty four hundredth, which means it will take a radiator for seven sections. As can be seen, the result of the calculation is much more accurate. In the end, it will not be necessary to even take into account the number of windows and doors.
You can also compare the results of calculating indoor with twenty square meters.To do this, multiply twenty-two and seven, it will turn out fifty-four cubic meters - this is the size of the room. Next, you need to multiply at forty-one and the result will be two thousand four hundred fourteen watts. If the battery will have a power in two hundred watts, then this figure needs to be divided into the result. As a result, twelve and seven will be released, and therefore for this room it is necessary for such a number of sections as in the previous calculation, but this option is much more accurate.
When planning overhaul in your home or apartment, as well as when planning a new house, you need to produce calculation of power radiators. This will allow you to determine the number of radiators capable of providing the warmth of your home in the most severe frost. For calculations, it is necessary to know the necessary parameters, such as the size of the premises and the radiator power declared by the manufacturer in the accompanying technical documentation. The form of the radiator, the material from which it is completed, and the level of heat transfer in these calculations is not taken into account. Often the number of radiators is equal to the number of window openings in the room, therefore, the calculated power is divided into the total number of window openings, so you can determine the value of one radiator.
It should be remembered that it is not necessary to calculate for the whole apartment, because each room has its heating system and requires an individual approach. So if you have an angular room, then you need to add about the value of the power twenty percent. The same amount must be added if your heating system works with interruptions or has other disadvantages of efficiency.
The calculation of the power of heating radiators can be carried out in three ways:
According to construction standards and other rules, you must spend 100W power of your radiator at a 1-meter square housing. In this case, the necessary calculations are made using the formula:
C * 100 / P \u003d K where
TO- Power of one section of your radiator batteryaccording to its characteristic;
FROM- Place area. It is equal to the product length of the room on its width.
For example, the room has 4 meters long and 3.5 width. In this case, its area is: 4 * 3.5 \u003d 14 square meters.
The power you selected one battery section is declared by the manufacturer in 160 W. We get:
14 * 100/160 \u003d 8.75. The resulting digit must be rounded and it turns out that this room will require 9 sections of the heating radiator. If this is an angular room, then 9 * 1.2 \u003d 10.8, rounded to 11. And if your heat supply system not enough effective, Once again, we add 20 percent of the original number: 9 * 20/100 \u003d 1.8 is rounded to 2.
TOTAL: 11 + 2 \u003d 13. For corner room The area of \u200b\u200b14 square meters, if the heating system works with short-term interruptions need to purchase 13 batteries sections.
Approximate calculation - how many battery sections per square meter
It is based on the fact that heating radiators under serial production have certain dimensions. If the room has a ceiling height equal to 2.5 meters, then only one section of the radiator will be required to the area of \u200b\u200b1.8 square meters of square.
The radiator for the room with an area of \u200b\u200b14 meters square is:
14 / 1.8 \u003d 7.8, rounded up to 8. So for the room with a height to the ceiling in 2.5m, there will be eight sections of the radiator. It should be borne in mind that this method is not suitable if the heating device has low power (less than 60W) due to the big error.
Volume or for non-standard premises
This calculation is used for premises. with high or very low ceilings. Here the calculation is made from the data that it requires power to 41W for heating one meter of the cubic room. For this, the formula is applied:
K \u003d O * 41 Where:
TO- Required number of radiator sections,
ABOUT-Big room, it is equal to the product of the height of the width and the length of the room.
If the room has height-3.0m; Length - 4.0m and width - 3.5m, then the size of the room is:
3.0 * 4.0 * 3.5 \u003d 42 meters of cubic.
The overall need for thermal energy of this room is calculated:
42 * 41 \u003d 1722W, given, a hundred power of one section is 160W, it is possible to calculate their required number by dividing the overall need for power to the power of one section: 1722/160 \u003d 10.8, rounded up to 11 sections.
If radiators are selected that are not divided into sections, the total number should be divided into the power of one radiator.
Round the resulting data is better in the biggest, as manufacturers sometimes overestimate the stated power.
It is very important to buy modern high-quality and effective batteries. But much more important to correctly make a calculation of the number of radiator sections so that in the cold season it properly warmed the room and did not have to think about installing additional portable heating devicesthat will increase the consumption of funds for heating.
SNiP and basic prescriptions
Today you can call a huge number of SNIPs, which describe the rules for the design and operation of heating systems in different rooms. But the most understandable and simple is the "Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning" document at number 2.04.05.
It describes in detail the following sections:
- General provisions concerning the design of heating systems
- Rules for designing systems for the heating of buildings
- Features of the heating system
Mount the heating radiators must also be SNIP number 3.05.01. It prescribes the following installation rules, without which the calculations of the number of sections will be ineffective:
- The maximum width of the radiator should not exceed 70% of the similar feature of the window opening, under which it is established
- The radiator must be attached to the center of the window opening (a minor error is allowed - no more than 2 cm)
- Recommended space between radiators and wall - 2-5 cm
- Above the floor height should not be more than 12 cm
- Distance to window sill from the top point of the battery - at least 5 cm
- In other cases, for improving heat transfer, the surface of the walls are covered with reflective material
To follow such rules is necessary in order for air masses to circulate and replace each other.
Read the same way different species Heating radiators
Calculation by volume
To accurately make a calculation of the number of sections heating radiatornecessary for the effective and comfortable heating of residential premises, its volume should be taken into account. The principle is very simple:
- Determine the need of heat
- We learn the number of sections that can give it.
Snip prescribes to take into account the need for heat for any room - 41 watts per 1 m cubic meter. However, this indicator is very relative. If the walls and gender are poorly insulated, this value is recommended to increase to 47-50 W, because part of the heat will be lost. In situations where high-quality thermal insulator is already laid on the surfaces, the high-quality PVC windows are mounted and drafts are eliminated - this indicator can be taken equal to 30-34 W.
If the room is heating, warmth need to increase to 20%. A part of the thermal heated air masses will not be skipped by the screen, circulating inside and fast cooling.
Formulas for calculating the number of sections in terms of the room, with an example
Deciding with a need for one cube, you can start computing (example on specific figures):
- In the first step, we calculate the size of the room according to the simple formula: [height length Width] (3x4x5 \u003d 60 cubic meters)
- The next stage is the determination of the need for heat for specifically the premises under consideration by the formula: [Volume] * [The need for m. cubic.] (60x41 \u003d 2460 W)
- You can determine the desired number of ribs by the formula: (2460/170=14.5)
- Rounding is recommended to do in the big part - we get 15 sections
Many manufacturers do not take into account that the heat carrier circulating through the pipes has far from the maximum temperature. Consequently, the power of the ribs will be lower than the specified limit value (it is its passport that is prescribed). If there is no minimum power index, then the calculations existing to simplify are 15-25%.
Calculation by Square
The previous calculation method is an excellent solution for premises, which have a height of more than 2.7 m. In rooms with lower ceilings (up to 2.6 m), you can use in a different way by taking the area.
In this case, calculating the total number of thermal energy, the need for one square. m. Take an equal to 100 watts. No adjustments to it are not required to make it necessary.
Formulas for calculating the number of sections in the area of \u200b\u200bthe room, with an example
- At the first stage, the total area of \u200b\u200bthe premises is determined: [length Width] (5x4 \u003d 20 square meters. M.)
- The next step is to determine the heat required for heating the entire premises: [Square] * [need for m. sq.] (100x20 \u003d 2000 W)
- In the passport attached to the heating radiator, it is necessary to learn the power of one section - the average modern models 170 W.
- For determining need quantity Sections should be used by the formula: [Total heat needed] / [Power of the same section] (2000/170=11.7)
- We introduce the correction coefficients ( considered later)
- Rounding is recommended to do in the biggest - we get 12 sections
The methods considered above, the amount of the amount of the radiator sections are perfectly suitable for the premises, the height of which reaches 3 meters. If this figure is greater, it is necessary to increase the thermal power directly proportional to the height growth.
If the whole house is equipped with modern plastic windowswho have a coefficient of thermal loss as much as possible - the ability to save and reduce the result obtained up to 20%.
It is believed that the standard temperature of the coolant circulating over the heating system is 70 degrees. If it is below this value, it is necessary for every 10 degrees to increase the result obtained by 15%. If above - on the contrary to reduce.
Premises whose area is more than 25 square meters. m. Heopping one radiator, even consisting of two dozen sections, will be extremely problematic. To solve a similar problem, the calculated number of sections must be divided into two equal parts and set two batteries. Heat in this case will spread the room more evenly.
If there are two window openings indoors, heating radiators need to be placed under each of them. They must be in power 1.7 times more nominal defined in the calculations.
By purchasing stamped radiators, whose sections cannot be divided, it is necessary to take into account the total power of the product. If it is not enough, you should think about buying the second same battery or slightly less heat.
Correction coefficients
Many factors can influence the final result. Consider, in what situations it is necessary to make correction factors:
- Conventional windows - increasing coefficient 1.27
- Insufficient thermal insulation of walls - increasing coefficient 1.27
- More than two window Operactions On the room - an increase in the coefficient of 1.75
- Lower layout collectors - increasing coefficient 1.2
- The stock in case of unforeseen situations - an increase in coefficient 1.2
- The use of improved thermal insulation materials - a decrease in the coefficient of 0.85
- Installation of high-quality thermal insulation double-glazed windows - a decrease in the coefficient of 0.85
The amount of corrections made to the calculation can be huge and depends on each specific situation. However, it should be remembered that the heat transfer of heating radiator is much easier than to increase. Because all roundings are made in the biggest.
Let's sum up
If you need to make the maximum accurate calculation of the number of radiator sections in difficult room - Do not be afraid to refer to specialists. The most accurate methods that are described in the special literature take into account not only the volume or area of \u200b\u200bthe room, but also the temperature outside and inside, the thermal conductivity of various materials, from which the house box is built, and many other factors.
Of course, you can not be afraid and to throw several ribs to the result. But an excessive increase in all indicators can lead to unjustified expenditures that are not immediately, sometimes it is not always possible to recoup.
Formulas allow to obtain a result of different degrees of accuracy, since they take into account the different number of parameters.
Middle standard power values \u200b\u200bof the radiators section from different materials:
- Steel - 110-150- W
- Cast iron - 160 W;
- Bimetallic - 180 W;
- Aluminum - 200 W.
The number of devices themselves usually corresponds to the number of windows in the room, it is possible to install additional radiators on the deaf cold walls.
Settlement
All calculations of the required power of heating devices are based on the building standards adopted today:
For the heating of residential premises with an area of \u200b\u200b10 square meters, with ceiling heights up to 3 meters required thermal power in 1 kW.
For example, the area of \u200b\u200bthe room is 25 meters, 25 multiply by 100 (W). It turns out 2500 W, or 2.5 kW.
Steel radiator has a small power
The resulting value is divided into the power of one section of the selected radiator model, it is ford that it is equal to 150 W.
Thus, 2500/150, it turns out 16.7. The result is rounded up to the biggest, so 17. So for heating such a room, 17 sections of the radiator will be required.
Rounding can be produced in a smaller side if it comes to rooms with small heat losses or additional heat sources, such as a kitchen.
This is a very rude and rounded settlement, since no additional parameters are not taken into account here:
- Thickness and material of the walls of the building;
- Type of insulation and thickness of its layer;
- The number of external walls indoors;
- Number of windows in the room;
- The presence and type of glass packs;
- Climatic zone, temperature range.
Accounting for additional parameters
- 20% should be added to the result if the room has a balcony or a hover window;
- If there are two full-fledged window opening rooms or two outer walls (angular location), then 30% should be added to this value.
- If the installation of decorative screens for radiators or a fence is planned, added another 10-15%.
- The installed high-quality double-glazed windows will allow 10-15% from the total.
- A decrease in the temperature of the coolant by 10 degrees (norm +70) will require an increase in the number of sections or radiator power by 18%.
- Features of the heating system - if the coolant is supplied through the bottom hole, and comes through the upper, then the radiator is not like about 7-10% of the power.
- In order to make some power supply, in case of atypical cooling and so on. It is customary to add to the final result of 15%.
Coefficients of climatic regions
- For the middle strip of Russia, the coefficient is not used (it is adopted for 1).
- For the northern and eastern regions, a coefficient of 1.6 is used.
- The southern regions are 0.7-0.9, depending on the minimum and average annual temperatures.
Thus, to make a correction to the climatic zone, you need to multiply the resulting thermal power to the desired coefficient.
It turns out: Room Square (Length * Width) / 10 (kW) * Climate coefficient
Number of radiators
The number of radiators for the room is determined on the basis of the resulting number of sections.
Radiators are usually installed near cold air sources
It is assumed to be installed under each window opening, if there are extended cold outer walls, then they may also need to install the radiator.
For example, if the result is obtained: 16 sections are required, if in the room 2 the same windows, it is possible to install two radiators for 8 sections. If the length of the windows is different, the proportions of the sizes, respectively, change.
Tip: In practice, the radiators of more than 10 sections in length are recommended, since the efficiency of the extreme sections will be reduced.
Calculation by room
The calculation of the required power of heating devices based on the volume of the room gives more accurate results, since the height of the room ceilings is taken into account here.
This method of calculation is used for premises with high ceilings, non-standard configurations and open residential spaces, such as rooms with the second light.
The general principle of calculations is similar to the previous one.
According to the requirements of SNiPfor normal heating, 1 cubic meter of residential premises requires 41 W thermal power of the device.
Thus, the size of the room is calculated (length * width * height), the result obtained is multiplied by 41. All values \u200b\u200bare taken in meters, the result in W. To transfer to kW is divided by 1000.
Example: 5 m (length) * 4.5 m (width) * 2.75 m (ceiling height), the volume of the room is 61.9 cubic meters. The resulting volume is multiplied by the norm: 61.9 * 41 \u003d 2538 W or 2.5 kW.
The number of sections is calculated, as above, by dividing the power of one section of the radiator, indicated in the model passport by the manufacturer. Those. If the power of one section is 170 W, then 2538/170 is obtained 14.9, after rounding, 15 sections.
Amendments
Cast iron batteries - classic on a new way
If the calculation is made for apartments in a modern high-storey house with high-quality insulation and installed glass packages, then the value of the capacity per 1 cubic meter is 34 W.
In the passport of the radiator, the manufacturer may indicate the maximum and minimum value of thermal power per section, the difference is associated with the temperature of the coolant circulating in the heating system. For the product of the correct calculations, there is either averaged or minimum value.
Calculation for a private house
To calculate the required power of heating devices and the number of radiators in a private house or in non-standard housing (Loft, mansard floors And so on.) An even more accurate principle of calculations is applied.
In this case, the formula includes additional coefficients.
Accounting for related technical factors and individual parameters, characteristic of a specific room makes it possible to obtain the optimal value of the value of the necessary thermal power in a particular case.
In general, the calculated formula has the form:
CT \u003d 100W / sq.m. * P * K1 * K2 * K3 * K4 * K5 * K6 * K7
- CT - the amount of heat (calculated value);
- P - room area in square meters.;
- K1 - The coefficient of type of glazing window openings
- Standard double glass - 1.27
- Double glass - 1.0
- Triple glass - 0.85
- K2 - Wall insulation level coefficient
- Small thermal insulation - 1.27
- Average heat insulation (increased thickness or layer of insulation) - 1.0;
- High degree of thermal insulation of walls (double layer of insulation) - 0.85.
- K3 - coefficient reflecting the ratio of windows and floor areas in the room:
- 50% - 1,2;
- 40% - 1,1;
- 30% - 1,0;
- 20% - 0,9;
- 10% - 0,8.
- K4 - coefficient taking into account the usual air temperature in the coldest week a year:
- -35 degrees - 1.5;
- -25 degrees - 1.3;
- -20 degrees - 1.1; D.
- -15 degrees - 0.9;
- -10 degrees - 0.7.
- K5 - coefficient, taking into account the number of external walls indoors
- one wall - 1,1;
- two walls - 1.2;
- three walls - 1.3;
- four walls - 1.4.
- K6 - amendment to the high location of the room
- For a cold attic - 1.0;
- For heated attic - 0.9;
- Heated residential premises on the last floors - 0.8
- K7 - coefficient, to account for the height of the ceilings indoors:
- Ceilings 2.5 m - 1.0;
- Ceilings 3.0 m - 1.05;
- Ceilings 3.5 m - 1.1;
- Ceilings 4.0 m - 1.15;
- Ceilings 4.5 m - 1.2.
The calculation of the required amount of thermal power produced under this formula allows to determine the exact amount of heat and to heat the particular room. When dividing the value obtained to the power of one section of the radiator, the required number of sections is obtained.