Used to replace old cast iron batteries... For effective work of new heating appliances the required number of sections must be accurately calculated. In this case, the area of ​​the room, the number of windows, heat output the section itself.

Data preparation

To get an accurate result, the following parameters should be considered:

• climatic features of the region in which the building is located (humidity level, temperature fluctuations);
• building parameters (material used for construction, wall thickness and height, number of external walls);
• the size and types of windows to the premises (residential, non-residential).

When calculating bimetallic heating radiators, 2 main values ​​are taken as a basis: the thermal power of the battery section and the heat loss of the room. It must be remembered that most often the thermal power indicated by the manufacturers in the technical data sheet of the product is the maximum value obtained under ideal conditions. The real power of the battery installed in the room will be lower, therefore, a recalculation is made to obtain accurate data.

The simplest method

In this case, it will be necessary to recalculate the number of installed batteries and be guided by these data when replacing elements of the heating system.
The difference between the heat transfer of bimetallic and cast iron batteries is not too big. In addition, over time, the heat transfer of the new radiator will decrease for natural reasons (contamination of the internal surfaces of the battery), so if the old elements of the heating system coped with their task, the room was warm, you can use this data.

However, in order to reduce the cost of materials and eliminate the risk of freezing the room, it is worth using formulas that will allow you to calculate the sections quite accurately.

Area calculation

For each region of the country, there are SNiP norms, in which the minimum value of the power of the heating device is prescribed for each square meter area of ​​the room. To calculate the exact value according to this standard, you must determine the area of ​​the existing room (a). To do this, the width of the room is multiplied by its length.

Take into account the indicative power per square meter. Most often, it is equal to 100 watts.

Having determined the area of ​​the room, the data must be multiplied by 100. The result is divided by the power of one section of the bimetallic radiator (b). This value should be looked at in technical characteristics appliance - depending on the model, the numbers may differ.

A ready-made formula, into which you should substitute your own values: (a * 100): b = the required quantity.

Let's look at an example. Calculation for a room with an area of ​​20 m², while the power of one section of the selected radiator is 180 W.

Substitute the desired values ​​into the formula: (20 * 100) / 180 = 11.1.

However, this formula for calculating heating by area can only be used when calculating values ​​for a room with a ceiling height of less than 3 m.In addition, this method does not take into account heat loss through windows, and also does not consider the thickness and quality of wall insulation. To make the calculation more accurate, for the second and subsequent windows in the room, 2 - 3 additional sections of the radiator must be added to the final figure.

Volume calculation

The calculation of the number of sections of bimetallic radiators using this method is carried out, taking into account not only the area, but also the height of the room.

Having received the exact volume, calculations are made. The power is calculated in m³. The SNiP norms are 41 watts for this value.

We take the same values ​​for the example, but add the height of the walls - it will be 2.7 cm.

We find out the volume of the room (we multiply the already calculated area by the height of the walls): 20 * 2.7 = 54 m³.

The next step is to calculate the exact number of sections based on this value (we divide the total power by the power of one section): 2214/180 = 12.3.

The final result differs from that obtained when calculating by area, therefore, the method, taking into account the volume of the room, allows you to get a more accurate result.

Heat transfer analysis of radiator sections

Despite the external similarity, the technical characteristics of radiators of the same type may differ significantly. The capacity of a section is influenced by the type of material used to make the battery, the size of the section, the design of the device, and the wall thickness.

For simplicity of preliminary calculations, you can use the average number of radiator sections per 1 m², derived by SNiP:
cast iron is capable of heating approximately 1.5 m²;
aluminum battery - 1.9 m²;
bimetallic - 1.8 m².

How can this data be used? According to them, you can calculate the approximate number of sections, knowing only the area of ​​the room. For this, the area of ​​the room is divided by the indicated indicator.

For a room of 20 m², 11 sections are required (20 / 1.8 = 11.1). The result is approximately the same as that obtained by calculating the area of ​​the room.

Calculation using this method can be carried out at the stage of drawing up an approximate estimate - this will help to roughly determine the costs of organizing the heating system. And more precise formulas can be used when a specific radiator model is selected.

Calculation of the number of sections taking into account climatic conditions

The manufacturer indicates the value of the thermal power of one section of the radiator at optimal conditions... Climatic conditions, system pressure, boiler power and other parameters can significantly reduce its efficiency.

Therefore, when calculating, these parameters should be taken into account:

1. If the room is angular, then the value calculated by any of the formulas should be multiplied by 1.3.
2. For every second and subsequent windows, you need to add 100 W, and for the door - 200 W.
3. Each region has its own additional factor.
4. When calculating the number of sections for installation in a private house, the resulting value is multiplied by 1.5. This is due to the presence of an unheated attic and the outer walls of the building.

Recalculation of battery power

To get the real, and not indicated in the technical characteristics for the heating device, the power of the heating radiator section, it is necessary to recalculate, taking into account the existing external conditions.

To do this, first determine the temperature head of the heating system. If the supply is + 70 ° C, and the output is 60 ° C, while the desired temperature maintained in the room should be about 23 ° C, you need to calculate the system delta.

To do this, use the formula: the outlet temperature (60) is added to the inlet temperature (70), the resulting value is divided by 2, and the room temperature (23) is subtracted. The result will be a temperature head (42 ° C).

The desired value - delta - will be equal to 42 ° С. Using the table, they find out the coefficient (0.51), which is multiplied by the power indicated by the manufacturer. Get the real power that the section will give out under the given conditions.

Delta	Coef.	Delta	Coef.	Delta	Coef.	Delta	Coef.	Delta	Coef.
40	0,48	47	0,60	54	0,71	61	0,84	68	0,96
41	0,50	48	0,61	55	0,73	62	0,85	69	0,98
42	0,51	49	0,65	56	0,75	63	0,87	70	1
43	0,53	50	0,66	57	0,77	64	0,89	71	1,02
44	0,55	51	0,68	58	0,78	65	0,91	72	1,04
45	0,53	52	0,70	59	0,80	66	0,93	73	1,06
46	0,58	53	0,71	60	0,82	67	0,94	74/75	1,07/1,09

To give an aesthetic appearance to batteries, they are often masked with special screens or curtains. In this case, the heater reduces heat transfer, and when calculating the required number of sections, another 10% is added to the final result.
Since most modern models radiators have a certain number of sections; it is not always possible to select batteries taking into account the calculation performed. In this case, it is recommended to purchase a product, the number of sections in which is as close as possible to the desired value or slightly more than the calculated value.

Every home owner is faced with important questions when installing heating. What kind of radiator should you choose? How to calculate the number of radiator sections? If a house is being built for you by professional employees, they will help you make the calculations correctly so that the distribution heating batteries the building was rational. but this procedure you can do it yourself. The formulas required for this can be found below in the article.

Types of radiators

Today there are such types of batteries for heating: bimetallic, steel, aluminum and cast iron. Also, radiators are divided into panel, sectional, convector, tubular, and also design radiators. Their choice depends on the coolant, the technical capabilities of the heating system and the financial capabilities of the owner of the house. How to calculate the number of radiator sections per room? It does not depend on the type. In this case, only one indicator is taken into account - the radiator power.

Calculation methods

In order for the heating system in the room to work efficiently and in winter it was warm and comfortable in it, you need to carefully.For this, the following calculation methods are used:

• Standard - carried out on the basis of the provisions of SNiP, according to which heating 1m 2 will require a power of 100 watts. The calculation is carried out using the formula: S / P, where P is the capacity of the department, S is the area of ​​the selected room.
• Approximate - to heat a 1.8 m 2 apartment with ceilings 2.5 m high, one radiator section will be needed.
• Volumetric method - heating power 41 W is taken for 1m 3. The width, height and length of the room are taken into account.

How many radiators do you need for the whole house

How to calculate the number of radiator sections for an apartment or house? The calculation is carried out for each room separately. According to the standard, the thermal power per 1m 3 of the volume of a room that has one door, a window and an external wall is considered to be 41 W.

If the house or apartment is "cold", with thin walls, has many windows, and the apartment is located on the first or last floor in the house, then 47 W per 1m 3 are needed to heat them, and not 41 W. For a house built from modern materials using different insulation materials for walls, floors, ceilings, metal-plastic windows... you can take 30 watts.

To replace cast-iron radiators, there is the simplest calculation method: you need to multiply their number by the resulting number - the power of new devices. When purchasing aluminum or bimetallic batteries for replacement, the calculation is carried out in the ratio: one cast iron edge to one aluminum one.

Rules for calculating the number of branches

• An increase in the radiator power occurs: if the room is front and has one window - by 20%; with two windows - by 30%; windows facing north also require an increase of another 10%; installing the battery under the window - 5%; covering the heater with a decorative screen - by 15%.
• The power required for heating can be calculated by multiplying the area of ​​the room (in m 2) by 100 W.

In the passport for the products, the manufacturer indicates the specific power, which makes it possible to calculate the proper number of sections. Do not forget that heat transfer is affected by the power of a separate section, and not by the size of the radiator. Therefore, placing and installing several small appliances in a room is more effective than installing one large one. The incoming heat from different sides will warm it up evenly.

Calculating the number of bimetallic battery compartments

• Dimensions of the room and the number of windows in it.
• The location of a particular room.
• The presence of openings, arches and doors.
• Heat transfer power of each section, indicated by the manufacturer in the passport.

Calculation stages

How to calculate the number of radiator sections if all the necessary data is recorded? To do this, determine the area, calculating in meters the derivatives of the width and height of the room. Using the formula S = L x W, calculate the joint area if they have open openings or arches.

Next, the total batteries are calculated (P = S x 100), using a power of 100 W to heat one m 2. Then calculate the proper number of sections (n ​​= P / Pc) by dividing the total thermal power by the heat transfer of one section indicated in the passport.

Depending on the location of the premises, the calculation of the required number of compartments of the bimetallic device is carried out taking into account the correction factors: 1.3 - for angular; use a coefficient of 1.1 - for the first and last floors; 1,2 - used for two windows; 1.5 - three or more windows.

Calculation of battery sections in the end room, located on the first floor of the house and having 2 windows. The dimensions of the room are 5 x 5 m. The heat transfer of one section is 190 W.

• We calculate the area of ​​the room: S = 5 x 5 = 25 m 2.
• We calculate the thermal power in general: P = 25 x 100 = 2500 W.
• We carry out the calculation required sections: n = 2500/190 = 13.6. Rounding up, we get 14. We take into account the correction factors n = 14 x 1.3 x 1.2 x 1.1 = 24.024.
• We divide the sections into two batteries and install them under the windows.

We hope that the information in the article will tell you how to calculate the number of radiator sections for a home. To do this, use the formulas and make a relatively accurate calculation. It is important to choose the right section power that is suitable for your heating system.

If you cannot independently calculate the required number of batteries for your home, it is best to seek help from specialists. They will make a competent calculation, taking into account all the factors affecting the efficiency of the installed heating devices, which will provide heat in the house during the cold period.

* The calculation is carried out at an outside air temperature - minus 30 ° C

How to calculate the power of heating batteries

The calculation of the power of heating radiators is carried out on the basis of the following data:

• room area;
• ceiling height;
• number of storeys;
• the presence of other heating devices.

Also, the calculation results are affected by the presence or absence of double-glazed windows and the level of thermal insulation of the room as a whole. In order for the heating batteries to work with maximum heat transfer, the following requirements must be met during their installation:

• radiators must be placed under the windows. This is done so that the flow of warm air from the batteries does not allow cold air from the window to penetrate into the room;
• the batteries in the room must be at the same level;
• at correct installation the center of the heating radiator will be exactly in the center of the window, its ribs will be located strictly in a vertical position, the distance from the bottom of the battery to the floor will be at least 6 cm, and from the window sill to the battery - about 5 cm.

The formula for calculating the thermal power of the radiator

1. We calculate the heating power

All calculations will be carried out based on the aluminum radiator taken as an example. The radiated power of this heating element in our climate, on average, is 1 kW per 10 m 2. The height of one section of the aluminum radiator is 0.6 m, the power is 150-200 watts. Such power allows even in the most severe frosts to warm the air in the apartment up to 18 - 20 degrees.

If, for example, the area of ​​the room is 20 m 2, then the required battery power will be calculated using the following formula:

20: 10 x 1 kW = 2 kW

Thus, it turns out that to heat a room with an area of ​​20 m 2, the total radiated power of the heating devices must be 2 kW.

2. We calculate the number of radiators In order to find out the number of radiators, the required heating power is divided by the power of one radiator section.

2 kW (2000 watts): 150 watts = 13.4 sections

Taking into account the maximum load on each section, this show will be 2 kW (2000 watts): 200 watts = 10 sections.

However, for calculations, it is better to take the minimum indicators in order to provide some power reserve.

Using this formula, by default, it is assumed that the room is not equipped with double-glazed windows and has a single outer wall. But if the room is corner, then 10 m 2 will require 1.3 kW of power, so you need to add 1-2 additional sections to the radiators.

In the presence of double-glazed windows, heat loss, on average, is reduced by 25%, so the number of radiator sections can be reduced.

The battery power also depends on the temperature difference, that is, on the temperature of the coolant. The passport attached to the heating device must indicate at what temperature head the radiator will reach the required power. The lower the temperature of the coolant, the large quantity sections are necessary for heating the room.

According to sanitary standards, it is believed that the thermal head should be equal to 70 degrees, but in low-temperature heating systems this figure can be in the range of 30-60 degrees.

Designing a heating system includes such an important stage as calculating heating radiators by area using a calculator or manually. It helps to calculate the number of sections required to heat a particular room. A variety of parameters are taken, ranging from the area of ​​\ u200b \ u200bthe premises and ending with the characteristics of insulation. The correctness of the calculations will depend on:

• uniformity of heating rooms;
• comfortable temperature in the bedrooms;
• lack of cold places in home ownership.

Let's see how heating radiators are calculated and what is taken into account in the calculations.

Thermal power of heating radiators

The calculation of heating radiators for a private house begins with the selection of the devices themselves. The assortment for consumers includes cast iron, steel, aluminum and bimetallic models that differ in their thermal power (heat transfer). Some of them heat better, and some are worse - here you should focus on the number of sections and on the size of the batteries. Let's see what thermal power these or those structures have.

Bimetallic radiators

Sectional bimetallic radiators are made of two components - steel and aluminum. Their inner core is made of strong steel that can withstand high pressure resistant to water hammer and aggressive coolant. An aluminum "jacket" is applied over the steel core by injection molding. It is she who is responsible for high heat transfer. As a result, we get a kind of sandwich that is resistant to any negative impacts and characterized by a decent heat output.

The heat transfer of bimetallic radiators depends on the center distance and on the specifically selected model. For example, devices from the Rifar company boast a thermal power of up to 204 W with a center-to-center distance of 500 mm. Similar models, but with a center distance of 350 mm, have a thermal power of 136 W. For small radiators with a center-to-center distance of 200 mm, the heat transfer is 104 W.

The heat transfer of bimetallic radiators from other manufacturers may differ downward (on average 180-190 W with a distance between the axes of 500 mm). For example, the maximum thermal power of the Global batteries is 185W per section with a center-to-center distance of 500mm.

Aluminum radiators

The thermal power of aluminum devices is practically no different from the heat transfer of bimetallic models. On average, it is about 180-190 W per section with a distance between the axes of 500 mm. The maximum indicator reaches 210 W, but one must take into account the high cost of such models. Let's give more accurate data on the example of Rifar:

• center distance 350 mm - heat transfer 139 W;
• center distance 500 mm - heat transfer 183 W;
• center distance 350 mm (with lower connection) - heat transfer 153 W.

For products from other manufacturers, this parameter may differ in one direction or another.

Aluminum appliances are focused on use as part of individual systems heating... They are made in a simple but attractive design, are distinguished by high heat transfer and operate at pressures up to 12-16 atm. They are not suitable for installation in centralized heating systems due to the lack of resistance to aggressive coolant and water hammer.

Designing heating system in your own home ownership? We advise you to purchase aluminum batteries for this - they will provide high-quality heating with their minimum size.

Steel plate radiators

Aluminum and bimetallic radiators have a sectional design. Therefore, when using them, it is customary to take into account the heat transfer of one section. In the case of non-separable steel radiators, the heat transfer of the entire device is taken into account at certain dimensions. For example, the heat dissipation of a two-row radiator Kermi FTV-22 with a 200 mm high and 1100 mm wide bottom connection is 1010 W. If we take a Buderus Logatrend VK-Profil 22-500-900 panel steel radiator, then its heat transfer will be 1644 W.

When calculating the heating radiators of a private house, it is necessary to record the calculated thermal power for each room. Based on the data obtained, the necessary equipment is purchased. When choosing steel radiators, pay attention to their row - with the same dimensions, three-row models have higher heat transfer than their single-row counterparts.

Steel radiators, both panel and tubular, can be used in private houses and apartments - they can withstand pressures up to 10-15 atm and are resistant to aggressive coolants.

Cast iron radiators

Heat dissipation cast iron radiators is 120-150 W, depending on the distance between the axles. For some models, this figure reaches 180 W and even more. Cast iron batteries can operate at a coolant pressure of up to 10 bar, well withstanding destructive corrosion. They are used both in private houses and in apartments (not counting new buildings, where steel and bimetallic models prevail).

When choosing cast-iron batteries for heating your own home, it is necessary to take into account the heat transfer of one section - on this basis, batteries are purchased with one or another number of sections. For example, for MC-140-500 cast-iron batteries with a center-to-center distance of 500 mm, the heat transfer is 175 W. The power of models with a center distance of 300 mm is 120 W.

Cast iron are well suited for installation in private houses, pleasing with a long service life, high heat capacity and good heat transfer. But you need to take into account their disadvantages:

• heavy weight - 10 sections with a center distance of 500 mm weigh more than 70 kg;
• inconvenience in installation - this drawback smoothly follows from the previous one;
• high inertia - contributes to too long warm-up and unnecessary heat generation costs.

Despite some drawbacks, they are still in demand.

Area calculation

A simple table for calculating the power of a radiator for heating a room of a certain area.

How is the heating battery calculated per square meter of the heated area? First you need to familiarize yourself with the basic parameters taken into account in the calculations, which include:

• thermal power for heating 1 sq. m - 100 W;
• standard ceiling height - 2.7 m;
• one outer wall.

Based on such data, the thermal power required to heat a room with an area of ​​10 sq. m is 1000 W. The resulting power is divided by the heat transfer of one section - as a result, we obtain the required number of sections (or select a suitable steel panel or tubular radiator).

For the southernmost and coldest northern regions, additional coefficients are used, both increasing and decreasing, - we will talk about them further.

Simple calculation

Table for calculating the required number of sections depending on the area of ​​the heated room and the capacity of one section.

Calculating the number of radiator sections using a calculator gives good results. Let us give simplest example for heating a room with an area of ​​10 sq. m - if the room is not angular and double-glazed windows are installed in it, the required thermal power will be 1000 W. If we want to install aluminum batteries with a heat transfer of 180 W, we need 6 sections - we just divide the received power by the heat transfer of one section.

Accordingly, if you buy radiators with a heat transfer of one section of 200 W, then the number of sections will be 5 pcs. Will the room have high ceilings up to 3.5 m? Then the number of sections will increase to 6 pieces. There are two external walls (corner room)? In this case, you need to add one more section.

You also need to take into account the margin for thermal power in case of too much cold winter- it is 10-20% of the calculated one.

You can find out information about the heat transfer of batteries from their passport data. For example, the calculation of the number of sections of aluminum heating radiators is based on the calculation of the heat transfer of one section. The same applies to bimetallic radiators (and cast iron, although they are non-separable). When using steel radiators, the passport power of the entire device is taken (we gave examples above).

Very accurate calculation

Above, we gave an example of a very simple calculation of the number of radiators per area. It does not take into account many factors, such as the quality of wall insulation, type of glazing, minimum outside temperature and many others. Using simplistic calculations, we can make mistakes, which can result in some rooms being cold and some too hot. The temperature can be corrected using stopcocks, but it is best to foresee everything in advance - at least for the sake of saving materials.

If during the construction of your house you paid decent attention to its insulation, then in the future you will save a lot on heating.

How is the exact calculation of the number of heating radiators in a private house made? We will take into account the decreasing and increasing coefficients... First, let's touch on the glazing. If the house has single windows, we use a factor of 1.27. For double glazing, the coefficient does not apply (in fact, it is 1.0). If the house has triple-glazed windows, we apply a reduction factor of 0.85.

Are the walls in the house lined with two bricks or are they insulated with insulation? Then we apply a factor of 1.0. If you provide additional thermal insulation, you can safely use a reduction factor of 0.85 - heating costs will decrease. If there is no thermal insulation, we apply a multiplying factor of 1.27.

Note that heating a home with single windows and poor thermal insulation results in high heat (and money) losses.

When calculating the number of radiators per area, it is necessary to take into account the ratio of the area of ​​floors and windows. Ideally, this ratio is 30% - in this case, we apply a factor of 1.0. If you like large windows, and the ratio is 40%, you should apply a factor of 1.1, and for a ratio of 50%, you need to multiply the power by a factor of 1.2. If the ratio is 10% or 20%, we apply a reduction factor of 0.8 or 0.9.

Ceiling height is an equally important parameter. We apply the following coefficients here:

Table for calculating the number of sections depending on the area of ​​the room and the height of the ceilings.

• up to 2.7 m - 1.0;
• from 2.7 to 3.5 m - 1.1;
• from 3.5 to 4.5 m - 1.2.

There is an attic behind the ceiling or another living room? And here we apply additional factors. If there is a heated attic at the top (or with insulation), we multiply the power by 0.9, and if the living room - by 0.8. Is there an ordinary unheated attic behind the ceiling? We apply a factor of 1.0 (or simply do not take it into account).

After the ceilings, let's get down to the walls - here are the coefficients:

• one outer wall - 1,1;
• two outer walls (corner room) - 1.2;
• three outer walls (the last room in an elongated house, hut) - 1.3;
• four outer walls (one-room house, farm building) - 1.4.

The average air temperature at the coldest time is also taken into account. winter period(the same regional coefficient):

• cold to -35 ° C - 1.5 (a very large margin, which allows you not to freeze);
• frosts down to –25 ° C - 1.3 (suitable for Siberia);
• temperatures down to –20 ° C - 1.1 (middle zone of Russia);
• temperature down to –15 ° C - 0.9;
• temperature down to –10 ° C - 0.7.

The last two factors are used in hot southern regions. But even here it is customary to leave a solid supply in case of cold weather or especially for thermophilic people..

Having received the final thermal power required to heat the selected room, it should be divided into the heat transfer of one section. As a result, we will receive the required number of sections and will be able to go to the store. Please note that these calculations assume a base heating power of 100 W per sq. m.

If you are afraid of making a mistake in the calculations, contact specialized specialists for help. They will perform the most accurate calculations and calculate the required heat output for heating.

Video

When designing heating systems, a compulsory measure is to calculate the power of heating devices. The result obtained largely influences the choice of one or another equipment - heating radiators and heating boilers (if the project is carried out for private houses not connected to central systems heating).

The most popular at the moment are batteries made in the form of interconnected sections. In this article, we will just talk about how to calculate the number of radiator sections.

Methods for calculating the number of battery sections

In order to calculate the number of heating radiator sections, you can use three main methods. The first two are fairly light, but they give only an approximate result, which is suitable for typical multi-storey buildings. This includes the calculation of radiator sections by the area of ​​the room or by its volume. Those. in this case, it is enough to find out the required parameter (area or volume) of the room and insert it into the appropriate formula for calculation.

The third method involves the use for calculations of many different coefficients that determine the heat loss of the room. This includes the size and type of windows, floor, type of wall insulation, ceiling height and other criteria that affect heat loss. Heat loss can also occur for various reasons associated with mistakes and shortcomings in the construction of a house. For example, there is a cavity inside the walls, the insulation layer has cracks, building material etc. Thus, finding all the causes of heat leakage is one of the mandatory conditions to perform accurate calculations. For this, thermal imagers are used, displaying on the monitor the places of heat leakage from the room.

All this is done in order to select such a power of the radiators, which compensates for the total value of heat loss. Let's consider each method of calculating battery sections separately and give an illustrative example for each of them.

Calculation of the number of radiator sections by the area of ​​the room

This method is the simplest. To obtain the result, you will need to multiply the area of ​​the room by the value of the radiator power required for heating 1 sq.m. This value is given in SNiP, and it is:

• 60-100W for the middle climatic zone of Russia (Moscow);
• 120-200W for areas located to the north.

The calculation of radiator sections according to the averaged power parameter is carried out by multiplying it by the value of the area of ​​the room. So, 20 sq.m. will require for heating: 20 * 60 (100) = 1200 (2000) W

Further, the resulting number must be divided by the power value of one section of the radiator. To find out what area 1 section of the radiator is designed for, just open the data sheet of the equipment. Suppose that the section power is 200W, and the total power required for heating is 1600W (take the arithmetic mean). It remains only to clarify how many radiator sections are needed per 1 m2. To do this, we divide the value of the required power for heating by the power of one section: 1600/200 = 8

Result: to heat a room with an area of ​​20 sq. m. an 8-section radiator is required (provided that the power of one section is 200W).

Calculation of heating radiator sections by the value of the area of ​​the room gives only an approximate result. In order not to be mistaken with the number of sections, it is best to make calculations on the condition that for heating 1 sq.m. a power of 100W is required.

This, as a result, will increase the overall costs of installing the heating system, and therefore such a calculation is not always appropriate, especially with a limited budget. A more accurate, but still the same, approximate result will be given by the following method.

The method of this calculation is similar to the previous one, except that now from SNiP you will need to find out the power value for heating not 1 square meter, but a cubic meter of the room. According to SNiP, these are:

41W for heating rooms in panel-type buildings; 34W for brick houses.

As an example, let's take the same room with an area of ​​20 sq. m., and set the conditional ceiling height - 2.9 m. In this case, the volume will be equal: 20 * 2.9 = 58 cubic meters

From this: 58 * 41 = 2378 W for a panel house 58 * 34 = 1972 W for brick house

We divide the results obtained by the value of the power of one section. Total: 2378/200 = 11.89 (panel house) 1972/200 = 9.86 (brick house)

If you round up to a larger number, then for heating a room of 20 sq. m. panel will need 12-section, and for a brick house 10-section radiators. And this figure is also approximate. In order to calculate with high accuracy how many battery sections are needed for space heating, you need to use a more complex method, which will be discussed below.

To carry out an accurate calculation, special coefficients are introduced into the general formula, which can both increase (increase coefficient) the value of the minimum radiator power for heating the room, and decrease it (decrease coefficient).

In fact, there are many factors influencing the power value, but we will use the most those that are easy to calculate and with which it is easy to operate. The coefficient depends on the values ​​of the following room parameters:

1. Ceiling height:
   • With a height of 2.5 m, the coefficient is 1;
   • At 3m - 1.05;
   • At 3.5m - 1.1;
   • At 4m - 1.15.
2. Type of glazing of windows in the room:
   • Simple double glass - coefficient is 1.27;
   • Double-glazed window of 2 glasses - 1;
   • Triple glazing - 0.87.
3. Percentage of window area from the total area of ​​the room (for ease of determination, you can divide the area of ​​the window by the area of ​​the room and then multiply by 100):
   • If the result of calculations is 50%, the coefficient 1.2 is taken;
   • 40-50% – 1,1;
   • 30-40% – 1;
   • 20-30% – 0,9;
   • 10-20% – 0,8.
4. Thermal insulation of walls:
   • Low level of thermal insulation - the coefficient is 1.27;
   • Good thermal insulation (laying in two bricks or insulation 15-20cm) - 1.0;
   • Increased thermal insulation (wall from 50cm thick or insulation from 20cm) - 0.85.
5. Mean minimum temperature in winter, which can last for a week:
   • -35 degrees - 1.5;
   • -25 – 1,3;
   • -20 – 1,1;
   • -15 – 0,9;
   • -10 – 0,7.
6. Number of external (end) walls:
   • 1 end wall - 1.1;
   • 2 walls - 1.2;
   • 3 walls - 1.3.
7. Room type above the heated room:
   • Unheated attic - 1;
   • Heated attic - 0.9;
   • Heated living quarters - 0.85.

Hence, it is clear that if the coefficient is higher than one, then it is considered to be increasing, if it is lower, it is considered to be decreasing. If its value is one, then it does not affect the result in any way. To make a calculation, it is necessary to multiply each of the coefficients by the value of the area of ​​the room and the average specific value of heat losses per 1 sq. M., Which is (according to SNiP) 100W.

Thus, we have the formula: Q_T = γ * S * K_1 * ... * K_7, where

• Q_T is the required power of all radiators for heating the room;
γ - average value of heat loss per 1 sq.m., i.e. 100W; S is the total area of ​​the room; K_1… K_7 - coefficients influencing the amount of heat losses.

• Room area - 18 sq. M .;
• Ceiling height - 3m;
• Window with ordinary double glass;
• Window area 3 sq.m., i.e. 3/18 * 100 = 16.6%;
• Thermal insulation - double brick;
• The minimum temperature outside for a week in a row is -20 degrees;
• One end (outer) wall;
• The room above is a heated living room.

Now let's replace the alphabetic values ​​with numeric ones and get: Q_T = 100 * 18 * 1.05 * 1.27 * 0.8 * 1 * 1.3 * 1.1 * 0.85≈2334 W

It remains to divide the result by the power value of one radiator section. Let's say that is not equal to 160W: 2334/160 = 14.5

Those. for heating a room with an area of ​​18 sq.m. and the given heat loss coefficients will require a radiator with 15 sections (rounded up).

There is another simple way of how to calculate the sections of radiators, focusing on the material of their manufacture. In fact, this method does not give an accurate result, but it helps to estimate the approximate number of battery sections that will need to be used in a room.

Heating batteries are usually divided into 3 types, depending on the material of their manufacture. These are bimetallic, in which metal and plastic are used (usually as an outer coating), cast iron and aluminum radiators heating. The calculation of the number of battery sections made of a particular material is the same in all cases. Here it is enough to use the average value of the power that one section of the radiator can give out, and the value of the area that this section is able to heat up:

• For aluminum batteries, this is 180W and 1.8 sq. m;
• Bimetallic - 185W and 2 sq.m .;
• Cast iron - 145W and 1.5 sq.m.

Using a simple calculator, the calculation of the number of sections of heating radiators can be done by dividing the area of ​​the room by the value of the area that one section of the radiator from the metal of interest to us can heat up. Let's take a room of 18 sq. m. Then we get:

• 18 / 1.8 = 10 sections (aluminum);
• 18/2 = 9 (bimetal);
• 18 / 1.5 = 12 (cast iron).

The area that one section of the radiator can heat up is not always indicated. Usually manufacturers indicate its power. In this case, you will need to calculate the total power required to heat the room using any of the above methods. If we take the calculation in terms of the area and the power required to warm up 1 sq.m., 80W (according to SNiP), then we get: 20 * 80 = 1800/180 = 10 sections (aluminum); 20 * 80 = 1800/185 = 9.7 sections (bimetal); 20 * 80 = 1800/145 = 12.4 sections (cast iron);

By rounding the decimal numbers to one side, we get approximately the same result, as in the case of calculations by area.

It is important to understand that calculating the number of metal sections for making a radiator is the most inaccurate method. It can help determine the choice in favor of this or that battery, and with nothing else.

And finally, advice. Almost every manufacturer heating equipment or an online store on its website places a special calculator for calculating the number of heating radiator sections. It is enough to enter the required parameters into it, and the program will output the desired result. But, if you do not trust the robot, then the calculations, as you can see, are quite easy to do and independently, even on a sheet of paper.

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