Signs of cancer of the oral cavity. Benign oral tumors

The collapse cancer is a very dangerous disease in which malignant neoplasms are formed on the mucous membrane. Pathology more often amazes men, and the age of patients usually exceeds 40 years.

The cunning of the RTA cancer is that only 50% of patients with this disease live more than 5 years. A fairly high mortality rate from cancer is due to late circulation of patients for medical care.

Some people simply simply ignore the appearance of the first symptoms of the aless, and when, finally, they are decided to go to the doctor, it is often too late.

Where can the swelling in the mouth?

Depending on the place of position of the tumor, the cancer of the oral cavity can localize:

Forms of the disease

In medical practice there are three forms of oral cancer:

Yazvnaya - A bleeding ulcer with uneven edges appears in the mouth.
Infiltrative - The patient develops intensive local pain. When palpation, the doctor reveals a dense, buggy infiltrate that does not have clear boundaries. The mucous cover over infiltrate is very thin.
Papillary - A small tumor protruding from the mucosa. For this form of cancer (in comparison with others), slow growth is characteristic.

Stages of cancer

There are four stages of development of oncological neoplasm in the oral cavity:

Smoking, alcohol and defective food - Trio killers

We can provoke the cancer of the oral cavity can various reasons, however, in the risk group in the first place there are people abusing alcohol. They have a frequency of morbidity 6 times higher than those of people leading healthy image Life.

Non-alcoholics lagging behind the smokers and those patients who have a habit of chewing tobacco. When smoking the tube, the patients most often develops lips cancer, and the tobacco is also suffering from malignant tumors of the cheek. Unfortunately, passive smokers are often paying for the harmful habit of surrounding people.

The provoking factor of cancer of the oral cavity can be inferior nutrition. It is usually a deficit in the diet of vegetables and fruits.

For the same reason, it is impossible to use bad quality dentures, frequent impact ultraviolet rays Also contributes to the lip tumor.

The main symptoms and manifestations of the disease

The fact that in the early stages of cavity cancer Many patients do not notice any symptoms of pathology negatively affects early diagnosis.

Most often, patients come to the oncologist already in the running stage, which increase mortality statistics.

However, the signs of the mouth of the mucous membrane of the mouth exist:

the affected area is covered with white or red spots;
in the mouth there are unkind;
language swells and hurts;
suddenly new formation does not take more than a month;
there is soreness in the jaw and weakening of the teeth;
there is a voic hoarse;
in the neck area appears a stupid pain.

However, some of these symptoms may be a manifestation of another disease. However, the doctor should be applied at first suspicions for the presence of a tumor. In this case, it is better to be restrained.

Diagnostic events

For the first time hitting the oncological center, the patient must pass whole line Diagnostic procedures:

- The technique allows to identify the presence in the tissues of cancer cells. During the biopsy, the doctor jests a small sample of affected fabric.
Endoscopy throat, lungs and bronchi.
X-ray jaws For metastases.
MRI and KT. - both of these techniques allow you to determine the borders of the tumor and the step of pathology.

Comprehensive approach to therapy

The method that the doctor will consider the most acceptable for the treatment of a malignant tumor of the oral cavity depends on the neglence of the disease.

In each case, the doctor will try to choose that methodology, which is more likely to bring a positive effect.

Operational intervention

At the initial stages of cancer development, the operation on the excision of the tumor with the subsequent use of radiotherapy may be perfectly effective. If there are large-sized neoplasms, combined treatment is applied.

During the operation, the tumor is removed, and with it the small plot of healthy tissues is captured. To reduce the likelihood of cancer repeated development, the lymph nodes are also removed in which metastasis often extends.

Complicated situations require partial removal of bones of the jaw or language. Such operations conducts a maxillofacial surgeon, and the postoperative period requires the patient in the resuscitation separation.

Sometimes surgeons resort to micrographic operating intervention. The essence of this method lies in the layer-by-layer excision of fabrics and studying them under the microscope right along the operation.

When cancer cells cease to be detected in the tissue, the operation stops. Such a technique most often uses lip cancer.

X-ray therapy - how efficiently?

It is known that cancer cells are destroyed under the influence of X-rays, but healthy fabric suffer to a slightly meaning.

X-ray therapy in the early stages of the oncology of the oral cavity is used as an independent method. In addition, radiation irradiation is sometimes prescribed before surgery, which increases the favorable outcome of the operation.

Application of chemotherapy

Chemotherapy, which is shown after surgery reduces the likelihood of recurrence of the disease. This is due to the fact that chemicals are capable of destroying cancer cells. However, with lips cancer, chemotherapy is usually not prescribed.

Medicines are injected by intravenous injections. Such treatment provokes a decrease in the number of leukocytes in the blood, which is fraught with various infections. Therefore, during chemotherapy, the doctor must constantly control the composition of the blood.

Chemotherapy has other negative manifestations:

nausea and vomiting;
stool disorder;
pain in the mouth;
excessive fatigue;
hairproof loss (baldness).

Chemorative therapy

With minor tumors, the operation can be replaced by a combination of x-rays and chemotherapy. Such treatment is less affected by speeches and swallowing functions, which cannot be said about the operation.

Unfortunately, not always the general health of the patient allows you to apply this technique. Contraindications are due to pronounced side effects.

Complications and forecast

The development of a malignant tumor of the oral cavity is fraught with the suppuration of the body of the new formation and the surrounding tissues, when germinating large vessels, it is possible to bleeding and the formation of fistulas. A large tumor can overlap the respiratory tract, which will lead to asphyxia.

Predict the outcome of the disease doctors can, based on its shape. The most difficult to therapy is ulcerative cancer, but the papillary form gives the highest percentage of complete recovery.

When cancer lips 90% of patients live 5 years or more. This indicator is reduced to 65% with a malignant tumor of the rear sections of the oral cavity.

How to warn trouble?

As preventive measures, doctors recommend their patients:

abandon the abuse of alcohol and quit smoking;
protect a person from direct ultraviolet rays;
if possible, try to avoid contact with chemical reactivities;
monitor the state of the oral cavity and teeth in particular;
in time to treat chronic diseases of the oral cavity;
enrich your diet with vitamins and microelements.

Parfenov Ivan Anatolyevich

The asymptomatic flow of a malignant tumor of the mucous membrane at an early stage deprives the ability to start therapy in a timely manner.

But there are signs that can not be ignored, because it is possible to fully cure the disease at the initial stage of its development. On the reasons, symptoms and methods of treatment of cavity cancer will be discussed in the article.

Mucosa cancer forms

Oncological diseases of the oral cavity are conditionally divided into three types, characterized by etiology and external signs:

Mystery Cancer Shape
Name	Description
Knocked	On the tissues there are seals with china edges. The mucous either has white spots, or remains unchanged. The neoplasms with a noded form of cancer are rapidly increased in size.
Yazvnaya	The neoplasms have a kind of ulcers, they do not heal for a long time than they deliver strong discomfort to the patient. Pathology with ulcerative form is fast-moving. In comparison with other species, the mucous membrane is much more likely.
Papillary	The neoplasm has a dense structure. It is impossible not to notice, since the tumor literally saves in the mouth. The color and structure of the mucous remains almost unchanged.

Localization

Depending on the zone and the nature of the localization of the neoplasms, the following types of tumors are distinguished.

Cancer Schek

Foci is often detected more often on the mouth line at the level of the corners. At the initial stage of development resembles an ulcer.

Later, the patient feels some restrictions on closure and opening the jaw. Discomfort is also noted when firing food and conversation.

The bottom of the oral mouth

The location of the focal zone is observed on the muscles of the oral cavity with a possible capture of nearby sections of the mucous membrane (the lower part of the language with the transition to salivary glands). The patient is experiencing severe pain and abundant saliva.

Language

The tumor is localized on the side surfaces of the language. Tangible discomfort is noted when conversing and fastening food.

There is such a species more often than the location of the foci on the upper and lower tissues of the tongue with the grip of the tip and root.

Foci can be formed on the upper and lower part of the oral cavity with the lesion of the teeth. This causes bleeding gums and pain when lung pressure on the dental row.

The palate consists of soft and hard tissues. Depending on which of them were amazed, a variety of cancer is diagnosed.

PlateLock carcalete cancer It is formed on soft tissues, and when the location of the foci on a solid nose is identified: a cylinder, adenocarcin, a flat-mellular view. Arriving pain and discomfort during chewing activities and conversation should alert.

Metastase

Cancer disease is characterized by the ability to spread in nearby layers. The direction of metastases is determined by lymph nodes, the tentacles crawl into them.

Each variety of cancer has its own vector motion:

under the oncology, the cheeks and alveolar trails of the lower jaw metastases are progressing to the sub-adeptive nodes;
education in distal departments are sent to nodes near the jugular veins;
when the tongue cancer with the zone of damage to the tip or side of the metastases are set in the neck lymph nodes, sometimes grabbed the submandibular nodes;
in the pathology of the tentacle crawl into the internal organs, bone tissue is also affected.

The reasons

Specific reasons provoking the development of cancer of the oral mucosa are unknown.

But the opinion of scientists different countries The following factors become the starting button:

Risk factors include:

bad habits (alcohol abuse, smoking, chewing and sniffing tobacco);
the presence in the oral cavity of the prosthetic structures, which are periodically injured by the mucosa by sharp edges;
work in enterprises, where an increased concentration of toxic substances, asbestos, and other chemical compounds are observed;
complications after complex injuries of a jaw system or operations to remove teeth.

Preiodine Diseases

There are pathological processes preceding malignant formations. According to a medical classification, the following diseases are potential danger.

Modern scientists consider the disease as intraepithelical oncology

Pathology was described in 1912 by Bowen and classified as a precancerous state.

Modern scientists consider the disease as intraepithelical oncology, but in the international histology directory, it is identified as a risk factor.

Symptoms:

spindlers of a nodule-spotted nature;
the location of the focus is predominantly in the rear parts of the oral cavity;
the surface of the affected area of \u200b\u200bthe mucous membrane is velvety;
over time, atrophy of the mucous membrane appears;
education of erosions on the surface of the hearth.

Diagnosis is differentiated with red depriving and leukoplakia. The disease proceeds accompanied with unpleasant symptoms.

A surgical method is chosen as a treatment method. The affected areas of mucous and tissue are removed completely. If there is an extensive damage zone, complex therapy is used.

One of the provoking reasons is the frequent impact of irritants on the oral mucosa

The disease is characterized by increased energization of the tissue mucosa, foci are localized on inner side Schemok, mouth corners, language.

One of the provoking reasons is the frequent effect of irritants on the oral mucosa.

It can be both bad habits (tobacco, alcohol) and acute or hot food.

Create favorable conditions for the development of leukoplakia may improper shape of a denture.

Symptoms:

light burning;
tightening the mucous membrane, which creates discomfort when talking and receiving food;
the formation of plaques of white or gray (diameter 2-4 mm).

The essence of treatment is to eliminate irritating factors, admitting the vitamin complex with a large content of vitamins A and E, processing foci with special solutions or surgical intervention.

The scheme is selected individually, depending on the form of leukoplakia.

Papilloma

Provoke an active meal of papilloma as stressful situationsand injuries

Recognize the disease is simply on the intensively generated by Papillomam's mucosa.

Provice active growth can both stressful situations and injuries.

Symptoms:

formation on the mucosa of the mouth of rounded papillom on the leg with a wart, grainy or folded surface (sizes 0.2-2 cm);
localization is predominantly on a solid and soft nurse, language;
pain, bleeding, deterioration of the physical condition of man is not marked.

Papillic treatment includes surgical intervention to cut-off formation from mucous membranes, as well as antiviral and immunomodulatory therapy.

The flow of disease occurs in acute form and with a benign clinical picture

Erosion formations are localized on the mucous membrane of the mouth and lips.

The flow of disease occurs in acute form and with a benign clinical picture.

Exact provoking factors are not identified, but there is an opinion that ulcers and erosion appear as a result of sensitization to various infections, as well as in the immune system failures.

Symptoms:

the appearance of many red spots, which are transformed into erosion and ulcers;
sensations of dryness and roughness in the mouth;
in the zone of foci, the surface is covered with a fibrinous hearth.

The treatment diagram includes the use of antifungal, anti-inflammatory, painkillers.

Also prescribe sedative, immunostimulating agents, vitamins. If necessary, physiotherapy methods are used: phonophoresis, electrophoresis. IN complex cases Surgery to surgical intervention.

Complication radiation disease leads to the development of post-bead stomatitis

It is formed after the procedures with the use of ionizing radiation conducted with violations.

The disease can provoke a careless handling of radioactive isotopes, as a result of which burns are formed on the mucous membrane.

Complication of radiation disease leads to the development of post-radiot stomatitis.

Symptoms:

dizziness, physical weakness;
facial mattness;
dry mouth;
pallor mucosa;
the formation of white spots in the mouth;
sharing the teeth.

Anamnesis is used to diagnose the problem clinical picture Diseases, blood test.

Treatment scheme includes:

development of a special diet;
careful savage of the oral cavity;
processing with the mucous membrane by antiseptic solution.

Symptoms

The following signs may be for referring to a specialist:

Development phases

The neoplasms of even benign origin, after some time, reborn into a malignant tumor, which under progression takes three stages of development:

Initial form characterized by unusual phenomena for the patient in the form painful sensations, ulcers, seals in the oral cavity.
Developed form of illness - Yazovki acquire the type of cracks, pain appear, giving out of the oral cavity to different parts of the head. There are cases when the patient does not feel pain at this stage.
Launched form - The active phase of the oncological disease, when the foci extends quickly. There is also a concomitant symptoms: pain in the mouth, difficulties with swallowing food, a sharp decline in body weight, a change in voice.

Stages

Oncological disease has several development stages.

Each stage is characterized by certain tumor parameters and the extensity of the lesion zone:

Diagnostics

When suspected the defeat of bone tissues, the doctor discharges the direction of radiography

The oral cancer is diagnosed with visual inspection and palpation method.

When contacting with the neoplascence, the location, structure density, degree of growth is taken into account.

When suspected the defeat of bone tissues, the doctor discharges the direction of radiography.

Diagnosis helps differential diagnosis, when the set of symptoms compare with other or accompanying diseases.

The following studies help clarify the picture: Ultrasound, CT, MRI.

The final diagnosis is made after receiving the result of biopsy. The study is carried out by a laboratory in the seizitive part of the tumor.

Treatment

In medicine, several methods for the treatment of mucosa cancer are practiced.

When choosing a method, the following factors are taken into account:

health condition of the patient, the presence of chronic diseases;
neow formation form;
stage of development of oncology.

Surgery

After surgical intervention, procedures for the restoration of patient health and external view

This method is used to cut off the neoplasm in order to prevent the tumor growth and the propagation of metastases for nearby tissues, bones and organs.

After surgery, procedures for restoring the patient's health and appearance are carried out.

Sometimes the patient needs psychological rehabilitation (mainly with an amputation of the organ).

Radiation therapy

A popular way to combat oncological disease is widely used to treat cancer in the oral cavity. It is used both independently and after the surgical intervention.

If the tumor parameters are small rationally to use radiation therapy without additional manipulations.

With extensive neoplasms, a comprehensive treatment is more suitable. Procedures neutralize the residue of cancer cells, they will stop pain, improve the possibility of swallowing.

In some cases, the patient is prescribed brachytherapy. This method provides for the introduction of special rods directly into a tumor in order to irradiate it from the inside.

Chemotherapy

This treatment method provides acceptance special preparationswhich have the ability to reduce tumor parameters.

Medicinal products They are selected individually taking into account the stage of the disease and form of the neoplasm. Chemotherapy is used in combination with a surgical method, radiotherapy and independently.

The peculiarity of the effects of chemicals is to destroy cancer cells and reduce the tumor almost twice. But to ensure complete recovery when independent application The method cannot.

Forecast

Completely overcome the disease is possible only in the case of early diagnosis and right choice Treatment method

The forecast is to fully overcome the disease only in the case of early diagnosis and the right choice of the treatment method.

The result also depends on the shape of cancer.

For example, the papillary variety is much easier to cure. The most difficult thing is with ulcerative neoplasm.

The randomless period (up to 5 years) after the course of isolated therapy is 70-85%, with the development of neoplasm at the bottom of the oral cavity, the indicator below (46-66%).

When diagnosing the cavity cancer of the PTA 3, according to statistics, the absence of recurrences is observed in 15-25%.

Disease history

In the early stages, the disease can occur without manifestation of explicit signs or has scarce clinical symptoms. With an external inspection of the oral cavity, they are detected: cracks, ulcers, seals.

Education does not pass for a long time, even if they carry out the processing of foci by invalid means. Total a quarter of patients feels characteristic symptoms: Pain in the oral cavity, inflammatory processes of nasopharynx, adhesion and teeth.

With the development of the disease, the manifestations become more pronounced, and the tumor increases in size. Porous sensations begin to give in ear, head, neck.

Due to irritation of the mucous membrane of the mouth, the decay of cancer cells is marked with a reinforcement of sowing, the cavity exudes the rotten smell. An increase in tumor parameters is reflected in the symmetry of the face. At the third stage of deformation becomes noticeable.

The lymph nodes located in the neck area increase, which is detected during the pulpate. For some time after lesion of lymph nodes, they retain mobility, in the active phase of the third stage, their soldering occurs with the surrounding tissues.

Metastases are ejected in the launched form of tumors.

About such a disease, like cancer, is known since the times of Neanderthal. This is confirmed by archaeological excavations. The name of the disease gave Hippocrat. The percentage of sick growing every year. In the risk group, first of all, people of middle and older. The cavity cancer occurs infrequently. This is only 5% further consider the initial stage of the oral cancer. It is very important to recognize the disease precisely at this stage.

What can provoke the development of the disease

If not to be treated in a timely disease of the oral cavity, it may cause the development of an oncological disease. Detect the problem can dentist. Consider the diseases that carry a real threat to our health:

1. leukoplakia. It has two forms - a verbose and erosive. In the mouth, on the mucous, blesses appear, flat affected areas. An integrated treatment approach is needed:

Sanitation of the oral cavity.
Vitamins are prescribed.
Glucocorticosteroid ointment.

2. Bowen's disease. Spotted nodules appear on the mucosa. Have the property to merge into hypertized plaques with smooth surface. They are removed by a surgical way or with the help of close-focus radiotherapy.

3. Papillomatosis. This is a papillary spawning of the connective tissue of a whitish color on the leg. Over time, it can harden. Treat surgical method.

4. Erythlace. Red spots can be reborn into cancer. At the inspection of the dentist, finding them, it is necessary to urgently begin treatment.

5. Also, the threat comes from erosive shape of a flat depriving and red lupus. Infected erosion and non-epithelving expansion, as well as the sealing of the horn layer. The solution to the problem should be based on the treatment of the underlying disease. At the same time prescribe:

All these diseases are predict. The oral mucosa cancer is clearly shown in the photo above. As a rule, it is possible to detect it with a regular inspection. Most often, the diagnosis is confirmed by visiting the dentist.

Who enters the risk group

As a rule, the oral cancer makes itself felt in men after 40 years. Also in the risk group can be attributed to persons who:

Smoking and chew tobacco.
Have incorrectly selected dentures.
Often use alcoholic beverages.

Patients with such diseases are also risky:

Leucoplakia.
Papillomatosis.
Bowen's disease.
Erythlace.
Red deprive.
Lupus erythematosus.

And the human papilloma virus can provoke cancer development.

A few more reasons for cancer

It should be indicated by the reasons that can serve as a collapse cancer in any person:

Symptoms of early stages

At the initial stage of development, the cavity cancer can be skillfully masked under various pathological processes on the mucous membrane. It can be:

Wounds on the mucosa.
Non-go ulcers.
Seals.
Chronic fungal diseases.

You can select the symptoms of the mouth of the oral cavity:

In the presence of these symptoms, the cavity cancer is not always confirmed, but they should not be ignored. It is necessary to seem like a specialist and, if necessary, begin treatment. Bleeding of wounds and an increase in pathological changes is unfavorable familiar during the disease. The launched disease can grow into cancer.

Sick patients at the initial stage believed that the reason was in the throat or connected with the teeth, therefore the doctor's consultation is very important.

Localization site of cancer

Consider where the tumor process can be located:

On solid and soft sky.
On the inside of the cheeks.
On the sides of the language. The root or tip of the tongue is very rarely affected, as well as the upper and lower surface.
On the muscles of the bottom of the oral cavity, on the salivary glands.
On alveolar trends top and

Also separated at the oral cancer stage and form.

Forms of oncological pathology of the oral cavity

At the very beginning of development, cancer has three forms:

Jazznaya. Develops quickly, but maybe slowly. In each case individually. This is 50% of the fallen. Well visible cavity cancer in the photo. The initial stage in peptic form is successfully treated.
Knot. Meets less often. These are white spots having seals around the perimeter. It develops slowly than the ulcerative form.
Papillary. The development of this form is very quickly. Dense thighs over the mucous membrane.

Cancer development periods

The process of cancer of the oral mucosa in its development takes place the following steps:

Elementary.
Development of the process.
Launched.

The absence of symptoms is one of the characteristic manifestations of the first stage of the development of cancer of the oral cavity. Wounds, cracks appear, nodules, which increase gradually.

There are no pain. Visually depicts cavity cancer of the initial stage in the photo above. With the appearance of pain, patients bind it with diseases of the throat, teeth, but not with the formation of a tumor.

Stages of the tumor process

The evolution of the oral mucosa cancer can be divided into 4 stages:

The first stage. Tumor not more than 1 centimeter in diameter. It is characteristic that the process does not go beyond the mucous membranes and the subphony layer. Metastases are absent.
Second stage. The tumor in diameter does not exceed 2 centimeters. It is characteristic of germination to the toed fabrics to a depth of 1 centimeter. Metastases are absent. Perhaps the presence of one regional metastasis.
Third stage. The tumor does not exceed 3 centimeters in diameter. There are many regional metastases on the side. Characteristic absence of remote metastases.
Fourth stage. The tumor exceeds 3 centimeters in diameter. Characteristically germination in the sublard area, cortical layer, bones, skin, lower alveolar nerve. Metastases are observed in all remote organs.

You can make a diagnosis and determine the flock of the oral mucosa of the oral sheath can be completely diagnosed. About it - hereinafter.

Diagnosis of the disease

First of all, the doctor should find out the following questions:

How long ago there was discomfort in the oral cavity.
What is the character of pain if they are.
What anti-inflammatory or painners took the patient.
What are the harmful habits.
Were there any such diseases in the family.

The physical examination of the oral cavity is carried out, the palpation of regional, the doctor may be directed to an ultrasound study. If the tumor process is, carried out a thin-game aspiration biopsy of the lymph node and tumor. It is biopsy that makes it possible to confirm or refute the diagnosis.

Confirm the diagnosis can be carried out only a histological examination of the tumor. This is possible after surgery. A tumor and remote authority is sent to the study.

Also, diagnostic procedures include:

Such studies are necessary to determine metastasis in remote bodies.

Methods for the treatment of the initial stage

The cavity cancer at the beginning of its development implies surgical intervention. Used to treat the first stage.

Surgical intervention depends on where the tumor is located. Sometimes you have to make radical operations and delete half a language. On the soft sky, it is possible after its excision recovery of tissues of the language. As a rule, after surgery requires reconstruction. Also for patients is a huge risk. A large number of fatal outcomes. Operations are very heavy and traumatic.

In the early stages, the methodology of irradiation of gamma rays without surgery is used. It can be combined with full or partial tumor removal. The popular method of treating the initial oral cancer in the photo below is shown.

X-ray radiation has a great effect on the tumor process.

The remaining stages are treatable only by applying the combined method.

Radiation therapy

This method is used before surgery. Also irradiation is used in the early stages of cancer development. It allows you to reduce the tumor to 1 centimeter. The larger the size of malignant education, the greater the dose of irradiation is used. Before treatment with the radiation method, a complete reservation of the oral cavity must be carried out. All teeth should be healthy, and the crowns of metal and seals need to be removed. As a rule, radiation therapy is used if a tumor is small.

Gamma rays kill not only cancer cells, but also healthy. There are such side effects:

Redness of the skin.
Increased dry skin, cracks.
Voice change.
Dry mouth.
Difficulties with swallowing.

All side effects pass after treatment.

It is also possible to use the brachytherapy method. In a cancer tumor, the rod is immersed, which provides radiation.

Radiation therapy reduces the growth and reproduction of cancer cells, and also reduces the risk of recurrence.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy can be applied in combination treatment both at the initial stage and in the launched cases. It is used both before surgery and after. Can be combined with radiation therapy. Preparations in each case are selected individually. Medicines are introduced through a dropper. What exactly depends on the stage, type and progressiveness of the tumor process.

Chemotherapy products allow you to reduce the tumor, remove metastases, reduce the risks of repeated relapses. The chemotherapy procedure is shown and at the initial stage of the cavity cancer. The photo shows the procedure for holding.

At first stages can also be appointed chemotherapy.

When carrying out chemotherapy, the appearance of the following side Effects:

Nausea.
Vomiting.
Prostration.
Fungal infections.
Diarrhea.
Pain.

With the appearance of the first symptoms of the disease, you must consult a doctor. Your life depends on this. What is the forecast of the mouth cancer flow? About it - hereinafter.

Forecast Disease

The effectiveness of treatment depends on many factors:

Tumor size.
The presence of metastases.
How long the process lasts.

It is also important to know the degree of differentiation of the malignant process. She may be:

High.
Low.
Moderate.

The forecast is good when the processes are less aggressive. In this case, the tumor is well treatable and the risk of distribution of metastases is reduced.

At the initial stage of cancer, the oral cavity is curable. The chances of full recovery are very large. The third and fourth stages reduce the likelihood of complete recovery, especially if the metastasis process covered all organs. However, science does not stand still, and oncologists achieved 60% survival even at the third and fourth stage.

The prognosis of treatment depends on how time you turned to the doctor. In the early stages, it is favorable, but also the third, the fourth stage is treatable. It is necessary to strictly implement the recommendations of the doctor.

Prevention of oral cancer

If you are in the risk group or you have a hereditary predisposition, you should adhere to simple recommendations in order to reduce the risk of rota cavity cancer:

Refuse bad habits. Smoking, chewing tobacco increase the risk of 4 times.
Observe the oral cavity hygiene.
Timely and qualitatively spend the treatment of teeth and gums.
Control so that the mouth does not have injured seals and prostheses.
Power must be balanced. Vegetables and fruits, grain must be necessarily in the diet.
Avoid very hot and cold dishes, food with preservatives, roasted and sharp.
Limit the time staying in the sun. Use sunscreens.
If you enter the risk group, pass regular examinations from the doctor.
Timely treat fungal diseases, stomatitis and chronic diseases.

Take care of your health! Remember: Timely appeal to the doctor can save your life.

The cavity of the oral mucosa is a formidable pathological condition that is dangerous to the growth of a malignant tumor into neighboring organs and their defeat. However, the early diagnosis of this disease guarantees a favorable forecast. Most often, he detects a dentist when contacting him with complaints about the state of teeth or gums. But this disease can be suspected and independently. What looks like in the photo Crack of the oral cavity, his symptom and signs - all this will be in our article.

The oral cancer can be deployed on any section of its mucous membranes. Most often affected:

The malignant process begins with the appearance of a small yazelka, which immediately begins to actively progress, leading to a tangible discomfort. The patient is beginning to torment pain, bleeding, loosening and loss of teeth.

In the absence of treatment, cancer quickly gives metastase, sparkling in nearby fabrics and amazing adjacent lymph nodes. The spread of malignant cells and in remote and vital organs of our body is not excluded - the heart, brain, liver, bone tissue.

As for the forms of this threatening life of the pathology, the bottom cancer of the oral cavity and its other species have the following Forms:

At the initial stage of its development, this ailment may "disguise" under other, less dangerous, lesions of the mucous membrane, because it has different forms of its manifestation. There should be no permanently passing ulcers, wounds and seals, which differ in soreness and growth. On our site there is a photo, how different signs of cancer of the oral cavity look like, the symptoms of this ailment will consider below.

Causes and symptoms

Despite the fact that this malignant education can overtake anyone, most often it is diagnosed in smokers, as well as those who suffer from leukoplakia or chronic inflammation on any areas of the oral cavity.

It is believed that the proceeding process begins on pathologically modified tissues of the mucous membrane, so provoking its development factors can be:

Strongly destroyed teeth;
Mechanical injury;
Injuring the mucous membrane of the sharp edge of the seal;
Poor fitted prosthesis.

In addition, harmful habits (smoking, drug use and alcohol), poor nutrition, violation of the body of vitamin A, pathologically reduced immunity, pathologically reduced immunity, papillomavirus can become a impetus for the development of cancer tumor.

Leukoplakia oral cavity is one of the causes of cancer

Often diagnostic Mystery Cancer diagnoses people, by the nature of their activities often contact with asbestoswhose adverse effect on the human body is already scientifically confirmed.

What do some symptoms of the mouth of the oral mucous membrane look like, the photo also transfers quite clearly. These may be all kinds of neoplasms, beginning, usually, from the spots of reddish or whitish color, which soon turns into an ulcer, thigh or seal. Other symptoms that prompted the patient to consult a doctor will:

Thickening and numbness of the language;
Unsatisfactory state of the gums;
Loosening and falling out without visible causes of teeth;
Soreness and swelling of the jaw;
Weight loss;
Increase nearby lymph nodes.

It should be noted that not always all of the above symptoms are signs of cancer neoplasms. But they need to treat them immediately, because they can be reborn at any time.

Loss of teeth without reasons - one of the symptoms of cavity cancer

Phases of development and stage

In the absence of treatment, the cancer of the mucous membrane passes several steps of its development:

Primary phase. The patient appears unclear pain in the oral cavity, as well as small sprues and seals.
Active phase. Painful tumors appear in the mouth, and ulcers turn into a slot. The patient is beginning to torment headaches, total weakness, weight loss.
Launched phase. If you launch a parable, then the cancer tumor will start germinate into nearby fabrics, hitting and destroying them.

In medical practice, depending on the flow, the location of the localization and nature of the tumor is made to allocate several stages of this dangerous disease. Clearly visible in the photo symptoms initial stage of cancer cheekwhere small-forming small size struck only the mucous membrane without extinguishing into deeper layers. This stage is called zero. It is good to treat and the outcome of the disease is favorable.

Initial (zero) stage of cancer cheek

Further stages of development of this ailment are the following:

The first stage. It differs from zero large diameter Tompetion, which is also not affected by deep tissues.
Second stage. The neoplasm continues to grow and its diameter is from 2 to 4 cm.
Third stage. The diameter of the neoplasm in 4 cm is exceeded. Cancer cells affect the nearest lymph nodes.
Fourth Stage. With it, the process of metastasis is launched. The bones of the skull, the incomplete sinuses, etc. are affected.

To prevent the launches of the disease and the appearance of metastasis, it is necessary when the first symptoms of the lesion of the mucous membrane appear to seem like a specialist. Usually, there is enough ordinary dental inspection. But if the malignant process is suspected, the doctor will appoint a more detailed examination. We will talk about it in our next section.

Stages of cancer

Diagnosis and treatment

With a pronounced problem, an experienced doctor determines the cancer tumor visually, or using the palpation method for this. But since cancer can be masked for other diseases, to confirm the diagnosis of the patient the following surveys are appointed:

Radiography;
CT and MRI;
Biopsy affected fabrics

The treatment method chooses a doctor on the basis of a diagnosis conducted by surveys, age and the general condition of the patient. Most often used:

Radiation therapy;
Chemotherapy;
Surgical intervention.

Radiation therapy It can be used independently, and can be appointed at the end of surgical treatment to prevent repeated development or the appearance of metastasis. She is effective in the early stages of the alend And there is no trail to destroy a small cancer tumor. The main task this type of treatment will be elimination of pathologically modified cellsDecrease pain sensations and facilitating the suffering of the patient.

Radiation therapy with mouth mucosa cancer

Chemotherapy It is an oral or intravenous reception of special preparations aimed at combating cancer cells and reduce the tumor. This treatment method is usually prescribed in a complex with a radio and surgical operation.

Finally operational intervention, That is, the surgical cutlets of the tumor - the most an effective and cardinal method of treating this ailment. After it, plastic is shown to return the oral cavity of the patient initial appearance.

Forecasts and prevention

Modern methods of diagnosis and treatment, as well as serious attitude people to their health does not allow to launch the disease due to forecast for early stages of mouth cancer quite favorable. However, it should be remembered that complete cure is possible only with timely appeal to the doctor and fulfill all its appointments and recommendations.

Timely appeal to a doctor-favorable forecast in the treatment of cancer

It is difficult for therapy that is considered a peptic form localizing in the back of the oral cavity.

As for the methods of prevention, then Minimize the risk of developing cavity cancer will help:

Timely treatment of teeth, gums and inflammation on the mucous membrane;
Refusal to smoking and drugs;
Moderate alcohol consumption;
Reasonable attitude to the tan;
Proper diet;
Exclusion of the tattimization of the oral cavity.

If you adhere to all of the above methods, relate to your health carefully and regularly visit the dental office, many health problems, including the cavity of the oral cavity, will avoid.

Oncological education in the oral cavity is a rather rare form of an oncological disease. It occurs in 3% of patients who diagnosed cancer. Atypical cells Ajust the inner side of the cheek, the bottom of the oral cavity, language and sky. Detect oncology at an early stage of development in the office of the dentist during the treatment of teeth. Having knowledge of the specific signs of the malignant tumor of the mouth, you can recognize them on time. From this will depend on a prospective recovery.

Based on their data oncological studies, the foci of malignant in the mouth is born on pathologically changed areas of tissues. The long-term inflammatory processes of the oral cavity increases the risk of tumor appearance several times.

Most often a double cancer is diagnosed. They suffer from men from 55 to 65 years old and women after 50. It is proved that men oncology of the mucous membrane occurs more often than y.

To factors provoking oncology include:

- It is considered the main culprit of tumors, nicotine and resin destroy the mucous membranes, contributing to the precancerous state;
Human 16 type - according to some scientists it is he who is the culprit of the tumor;
abuse - in aggregate with smoking risk increases at times;
sub-quality services Dentists - uncomfortable prostheses, poorly treated edges of a seal traumatizing mucousse causes chronic inflammation;
flat deprived;
reduced with a constant consumption of chemicals;
professional activities associated with constant contact with asbestos.

With leukeloplakys or leukelectozoa, the layers of the mucous membrane are also atrophy. Banal non-compliance of personal hygiene rules, launched carious, long non-healing rings in the mouth, excessive use of sharp, burning products - all these factors can give an imbuster to reincarnate normal cells into pathological.

The view that funds for rinsing the mouth provokes the tumors of the mouth did not receive scientific confirmation.

But scientists have proven that the chewing of tobacco leaves, which is distributed in the republics of Asia significantly increases the probability of a cancer tumor.

A genetic predisposition also affects the development of cancer of the mucous membrane.

About the oral cancer Find out more details from this video.

Zero. Pathological cells are in one place, but do not affect healthy fabrics.
First. The focus of the tumor in the area takes about two cm of the skin, but the distribution has not yet begun.
Second. The neoplasm reached 4 cm in the amount, but the lymph nodes are not amazed.
Third. The malignant tumor increased more than 4 cm and was introduced into lymphatic nodes.
Fourth. Tumor metastases have already dropped into other organs, most likely in the lungs. But sometimes nearby zones are affected: nasal sinuses, facial bones.

At the localization site of the oncology, the oral cavity is distinguished:

on the side surfaces of the tongue, the root of the root or tip of the tongue is less common, as well as the upper or lower surface;
on solid and soft sky;
at the bottom of the oral cavity, or rather on the muscles of the bottom, the lower part of the tongue or salivary glands;
on the inside of the cheek, which resembles erosion in the corner of the mouth;
on alveolar trends upper and lower jaws.

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