Installation of a wooden staircase to the second floor. Wooden stairs to the second floor: types, do-it-yourself installation

At first glance, the installation of stairs may seem like an easy job, since there are no specific mechanisms - a single structure is made up of a railing, subordinate to steps. In fact, it is difficult to install wooden stairs on your own, because in this process you will have to face moments that cannot be ignored. Therefore, today we will try to figure out how the installation of wooden stairs is performed correctly, and what is required for this.

Getting to know the design

Before proceeding directly to the assembly process wooden stairs, you should get acquainted with its main constituent parts.

The most important detail can be called a kosour - a load-bearing beam that will serve as the lower support for the steps and will withstand the main load. By outward signs, each person is familiar with the steps, but few people were interested in them. design features... These elements consist of the following main parts:

horizontal beams (treads);
vertical beams (approaches).

The first person steps on when he climbs the stairs, and the second is located directly under it, performing a supporting and decorative function. There are also such models of wooden stairs that include only treads, but they are less reliable.

Photo 1. Construction of a wooden staircase.

A supporting-bearing function is also performed by such a component as a bowstring, on which steps are also attached. The fixation of these parts is as follows: the ends of the horizontal parts are inserted into certain holes located on the supporting part. But since the bowstring is not particularly reliable, the kosour is more popular.

Railings are another integral part of the stairs. They perform a protective and decorative function, that is, they allow a person to climb / descend without risk to health. Stairs with multiple flights must also include support posts. These are the parts located at the very top and bottom of the structure (final), as well as in the middle - intermediate.

You can visually familiarize yourself with the design of a wooden staircase from photo 1.

Preparatory work

To install a wooden staircase, you must prepare the following tool:

hammer;
roulette;
square;
hacksaw;
Sander;
level;
puncher.

Photo 2. Fixing the steps.

The design of the stairs is purchased, and sometimes made to order for a specific location in the room. Therefore, you should not change the place for installing the stairs, since all of its elements are made specifically for it.
The staircase should be brought home in a collapsible form, which reduces the risk of damage to its component parts. But at the same time, the assembly will be carried out from ready-made elements.
Care should be taken that at the enterprise where the structure is purchased, grooves are made in the fastening beams for fastening the flights.
Marches can be installed only after the railing has been adjusted to the level of the floor. Moreover, when adjusting the lower bowstring, it should be borne in mind that the covering on the floor can be peeled.
In order for the ladder to be durable, it is necessary to screw the marches onto self-tapping screws.
Before starting the installation of stairs, in particular a march, it is imperative to put a fence. Only after it has been adjusted correctly to the future design, you can proceed to the next stages.
Marshes should be attached to self-tapping screws, and evenly distributing them around the perimeter of the structure, attaching to the wall through a support post and a bowstring.

This video talks about installing wooden stairs:

Each staircase consists of inclined and stepped parts - flights and platforms, respectively. Depending on the location of the spans, the following types are distinguished:

one-march;
two-march;
three-march.

The distance between spans should be greater than the width of one flight. The floor area, in turn, should exceed the span in width. To fix the steps, you can use one of the 2 options shown in the photo. The grooves connecting the ladder with the bowstring must hold the step tightly, for which it is necessary to maintain a flat surface and equal depth in the grooves.

Installation instructions

Since the ladder will be brought to your home disassembled, it can be installed without the help of specialists. All marches should be prepared initially. The sides of the ladder must match the opening and the floor surface, so you need to get rid of the excess with a hacksaw. After that, you can proceed to the upper part of the support post: we cut out the grooves that should be fixed afterwards to the crossbeam of the span. Using a pencil, we make a horizontal mark along the bottom edge of the groove, and another one of the same marking, but already equal to the distance from the ceiling to the floor. We install the riser in the grooves, and cut off the edges of the pillar, if necessary.

The assembly of a wooden staircase is done with glue. Construction details are fastened in the following sequence:

The upper support leg is glued to the side.
Then the railings and the fence are attached in the same way.
The next step in the installation of a wooden staircase will be the connection of the lower support of the rack and the corresponding ends of the railing.
It remains to fasten the side parts and the lower support leg.

Thorns made of wood must be hammered into all the necessary parts, and the treads and upper risers must be glued to the side parts. After the glue has completely dried, the installation is carried out again. This will require the help of three people. One should be on the top floor and two downstairs. The stairs are installed on the floor and leveled using a level. The installation of the support posts should be marked on the floor. In these places we drill holes and carry out the same work from the bottom of the support pillars.

This video talks about making and installing wooden stairs:

We fix the parts with bolts, and nail the tread to the transverse nut with two nails. We fasten the side part to the wall with five screws. It remains to sheathe the span with plywood or drywall sheets, if required.

As you can see, installing a ladder with your own hands is possible if you follow the given rules and recommendations.

Wooden stairs in the house are a very attractive element that can decorate or, conversely, spoil the appearance of any room. Beautiful carved stairs, like the one shown in the title photo, are the prerogative of professional assemblers and carvers, but this does not mean at all that simple self-assembled structures cannot look spectacular.

In today's article, we will analyze the installation of wooden stairs step by step. This material will allow you to assemble a solid structure with your own hands, without spending a lot of money on hiring specialists and material.

The first thing any builder faces is the design of future work. In the case of the construction of a staircase, you will need to create a real drawing to scale.

It is a drawing, not a sketch on a piece of cardboard or a pack of cigarettes. This approach will avoid the occurrence of common mistakes in the manufacture and assembly of parts.

Terminological dictionary

Before starting the story about assembling a wooden staircase with your own hands, let's plunge a little into the world of terms and concepts.

Our task is to study the main details that make up a wooden staircase:

Bowstring- a support beam that stands at a slope and holds the steps. A peculiarity of bowstrings is that the steps are inserted into the grooves sawn in the body of the board. In the diagram, this detail is shown on the left side of the viewer.
Kosour- the purpose is similar to the bowstring, but there is a difference in the structure of the part. If in the first case the steps were installed in grooves, then here the support is cut right on the upper edge of the board, and the steps are laid on top. It is located on the right in the diagram.
Tread or step- this is the part of the structure that the moving person steps on. You can also hear the name - step cover.
Riser- this is the side decorative part of the step, installed vertically. It is not a supporting element, therefore, individual structures do not provide for its presence at all.
Support pillars- there are start, finish and pivots. They are the main load-bearing element for the staircase railing. Rotary are installed if the structure has more than one flight.
Handrails- this is a holder on which a person rests when going up or down.
Balusters- vertical elements that form the filling of the railing. Unlike pillars, they are not supports, however, firmly fixed, they significantly increase the strength of the entire structure of the fence.
Ordinary stage- a standard march step with fixed dimensions.
Frieze steps- the first and last flight steps. They can differ from ordinary ones in size and shape, compensating for the remainder of the distance, when dividing the height of the span by the number of steps.

Explanation! It means that the distance between the floors of the first and second floors is rarely a multiple of the height of the steps. Because of this, the lower step has different dimensions. And the upper frieze step goes into the same plane with the upper platform, and depending on the fastening of the kosour, it can be completely retracted or protruding, with a greater tread.

The designs that we will look at today are called marching. They are characterized by the presence of straight, even sections of the rise. Depending on the height of the span, the space for the stairs and the number of floors, single-march and multi-march structures are arranged.

Multi-flight stairs must have a turn: 90, 180 or 270 degrees. The degree of rotation, again, depends on the space in which the staircase is located. In the first two options, the number of marches is two, and in the last, three.

The more turns, the more compact the ladder can be made. To connect the marches, intermediate platforms and winder steps are used.

The turntable is a horizontal plane. It is usually located in the middle of the span, dividing the rise into two equal sections.

The stair steps, like a part of a spiral staircase, provide a smooth ascent during a turn. They can be located both in the middle of the span and closer to the level of the first floor, reducing the first flight, down to several steps. In this case, the spread is most often placed in the corner of the room.

The step itself is a trapezoid of irregular shape and is mounted around the pivot support post, observing the total height of the risers and a certain degree of offset.

Drawing up a drawing

So, we became aware of the main elements that make up a wooden flight staircase... As you already understood, we will collect it in this article. Now you can safely proceed to creating a drawing.

First of all, we advise you to contact a professional designer for help, who will correctly calculate the amount of material, dimensions of the structure, optimal shape and other design features. Naturally, you have to spend money, but sometimes the savings can get even more expensive.

If you do not have the opportunity to spend extra money, then you can use the free online staircase constructors.

To work with these tools, you do not need specific knowledge of communication with a computer. Everything is extremely simple and intuitive. All you need to do is accurately carry out all measurements in place and indicate them on the calculation page.

When building a house with at least 2 floors, you definitely need to think about the stairs in it. And if the house will be built with your own hands, it is logical to make the stairs as well.

Various photos of stairs help you make a preliminary selection and clearly understand what type of climb you need. But before taking on the work, carefully calculate the future structure for strength and dimensions, this will save time and money, because incorrect calculations (or their absence) will lead to numerous alterations of the original project.

Types of stairs

Exists a large number of different options flights of stairs. They differ in the material of manufacture (wood, concrete or metal), the type of rise (gentle staircase, spiral, with a turn by a certain degree).

The most common is a wooden staircase. Also, a staircase with a 90-degree turn is often built. It is not uncommon for these two types of lifting devices to be combined into one.

In the case of limited space, a spiral staircase is made of metal. The helical type of lifting allows you to save space, and the manufacture of metal - to increase the strength of the structure. Concrete is used for stairs in massive buildings (for example, mansions).

What to look for

In a low-rise building, having no construction experience, it is better to order a modular staircase, a kind of constructor, where all the details are cut out and numbered, and you just have to assemble them using the instructions. These are usually wooden stairs.

When building a staircase made of concrete, in addition to pouring the frame, you will need to perform an external finish (with beautiful stone or wood materials). This is a double waste of time and money. However, for cottages of 3 or more floors, they are mandatory for fire safety requirements.

When making a ladder for the first time, you do not need to swing immediately at complex structure... The simpler the model, the more likely you will be able to successfully build this lifting device on the first attempt.

Pay attention to the angle of inclination of the ladder: if it is more than 45 degrees, the ladder will be considered an attached ladder, and you can go down it only with your back forward. The optimal ascent angle is considered to be 37 degrees.

Wood as a material for construction is preferable, since it allows, due to its properties, to correct minor construction flaws that have arisen due to inaccurate calculations and inexperience of the contractor.

Also, after construction, the building may settle due to loose soil, as a result, the staircase can become a few centimeters higher or lower than the floor, and it is easier to fix this in a wooden structure.

When constructing a lift with a turn towards the opposite, the distance between the spans must be at least 100 mm.

Construction stages

Answering the question of how to make a staircase to the second floor with your own hands, there are several stages of construction.

The first stage of any construction, be it a staircase to a house, or an interfloor staircase, is the creation of a project. Particular attention should be paid to the safety of the building and its ease of use.

The structure must be able to support the average weight of an ordinary person with a fair amount. The use of handrails is mandatory!

If they are not there, another fence must be designed to ensure the safety of the descent and ascent.

Consider creating a wooden staircase with stringers

After you have designed your building, you need to prepare the materials. In our case, choose boards of suitable thickness and length, prepare balusters with railings and prepare stringers. This will be the second phase of construction.

A pine board 4 cm thick is suitable as a material for kosour.On it, we mark the steps according to the pattern and cut it out with an electric jigsaw.

Note!

We use the resulting product as a sample for the second (and if the width of the stairs is more than a meter, then the third) kosour. Cut to size required amount steps.

The third step is to assemble all the parts together. First of all, stringers are installed in their places of permanent placement. Then, using self-tapping screws, the steps are attached to the stringers.

Then, using pins, balusters are placed on the steps, and handrails are attached to them. The ladder is ready!

DIY ladder photo

Note!

No building can do without a staircase: in one-story buildings, stairs are needed in order to safely descend into the basement or ascend to the attic, and in multi-storey buildings and multi-storey apartments, the staircase is the only element for moving to another floor. What dimensions a safe and comfortable lifting installation should have and how to assemble ladders with your own hands, different in design and materials - read the article.

The standards for installing the stairs are determined by GOSTs, building codes and regulations. Adhering to the optimal dimensions for the manufacture of stairs approved in them, you can do it yourself to assemble a structure that is safe and comfortable for use by each family member (both adults and children, the elderly).

So, properly designed and installed ladder must have:

The width of the flight of stairs is 1.25-1.50 meters. Width can be reduced to 760-800 cm for stairs leading to utility rooms, basement, attic through a skylight.
The height of the risers is within 15-20 cm and the depth of the treads is 25-35 cm.
Be tilted at an angle of 35-45 degrees.
Have handrails 900 cm high, spaced at least 15 cm apart.
Have a passage height of 2 meters or at least 5 cm more than the height of the tallest resident.

In addition, a safe staircase must have a handrail and be well lit.

It is better to entrust the design of a staircase to professionals who can correctly calculate any structure in accordance with the norms and wishes of the tenant.

Installation of stairs in the house to the second floor: metal frame and its assembly

Metal is an excellent material for creating a lifting element with a high level of load capacity, long service life. A staircase of any design can be installed on the metal frame: from a simple one (on one or two stringers and beams) to a cantilever one.

The assembly of a typical staircase on a metal frame involves the following sequence:

Cutting out materials according to the calculated project.
Installation of the frame of the transition platform. Welding of bases and rectangular frames.
Installation of stringers. For strength, the stringers can be connected with brackets to the walls adjacent to the stairs.
Making and welding of fillies at equal distances from each other.
Mounting on the corners of rungs and brackets for installing steps.
Sanding and priming of metal, if necessary - painting.
Installation of treads and risers (if the structure is closed).
Installation of balusters and railings.
Painting the structure in the desired color or varnishing wooden steps.

For cladding a metal frame at home, plasterboard and wood are most often used. In addition, a metal staircase can be made with glass steps and railings. For the extraordinary modern interiors you can choose as the material for the steps - a metal mesh.

How to install a staircase made of wood

Almost any staircase made of wood: from simple structures to spiral ones (for example, the ladder LS-01u from the Temp company) can be installed by yourself.

In order to assemble a wooden staircase with your own hands, you need to stock up on: chopped elements, a screwdriver and metal corners, anchors, studs, screws and nails. You can cut the wood for the stairs yourself at home (if you want to save a little and, along with work, do not pay corporate tax). Or you can order ready-made parts from professionals: an experienced carpenter will make elements even for a complex design.

Before work, an estimate must be drawn up, which will prepare the tenant for the upcoming expenses.

Installation of a wooden two-flight staircase with an intermediate platform includes the following stages:

Installation of an intermediate platform. A rectangular platform is placed on the retaining beams, reinforced in the middle with stiffeners.
Installation of stringers. The stringers are attached to the finished floors using metal corners. Bowstrings along the walls are fixed to them with screwdrivers.
Installation of slopes along the perimeter of the passage to the second floor (the height of the slopes should be equal to the thickness of the floor of the second floor, on a flight of stairs - the height of the riser).
Installation of formwork (risers if the staircase is closed and floors for open structures).
Installation of steps on the formwork. The treads are mounted with nails and self-tapping screws or cut into the bowstrings.
Construction sanding and filling.
Installation of balusters, railings and handrails using anchors or studs.
Painting the stairs in the desired color and varnishing the structure in several layers.

To make the ladder stronger, the stringers can be pulled together with metal, threaded ties at a distance of several steps.

Assembling a ladder on modules

Prefabricated ladders are a simple solution for self installation... Such structures are distinguished by high carrying capacity, durability, quick assembly (the structure can be assembled in 3-4 hours). And, if necessary, the dismantling of the unit can be done quickly and easily.

The set of modular stairs includes steps, modules (stringers and vertical supports), bolts, railings, intermediate plates, fasteners and plugs. Up to four types of structures can be assembled from one set (with different angles turning). Often attached to modular ladders step-by-step instruction or an assembly diagram that allows you to correctly mark and install the kit elements.

The assembly of modular stairs is like a constructor:

From the modules, stringers are assembled, which are placed on supports.
The supports are screwed to the floor and walls with a screwdriver.
Intermediate plates are installed on each module, which are secured with countersunk screws.
The steps are fixed on the platforms, and a bolt is passed through their edges.
The handrail posts are mounted on the bolt and secured with a bolt and washer from the bottom.
Handrails are installed on the railing posts.

Modular designs can be ordered from companies that have positive reviews and a patent for the manufacture and sale of stairs (for example, the Zodchiy LLC, Arlion companies).

Installation of stairs outside the house

The method of installing an external staircase depends on the material of manufacture and the appearance of the structure. So, simple metal ladders (for example, for a fire escape) can be installed quickly and easily. While the installation of the main structures of the entrance group can take a lot of time and effort. Most often, entrance stairs are made of concrete.

The assembly process for a concrete staircase includes:

Carrying out calculations and drawing up a drawing.
Laying a platform for a ladder made of rubble and sand.
Installation of solid and rigid formwork.
Installation of reinforcement along the march and load-bearing formwork beams.
Filling the structure with concrete (starting from the bottom step).
Railing installation and finishing.

You can decorate the entrance staircase with wood, natural or artificial stone, brick or any other material with a rough surface. Concrete steps can be additionally equipped with anti-slip sills: this will increase the safety level of the stairs in winter.

Important! It is possible to remove the formwork and supports not earlier than three days after the concrete is poured into the structure.

DIY ladder assembly (video)

The ladder is the main architectural element in any home. The installation of the structure can be ordered from trusted companies, or you can save money and assemble the ladder with your own hands. Moreover, the assembly of some installations (for example, modular) does not take much time and effort. The choice is yours. The main thing is that the resulting structure is reliable, and its operation is comfortable!

The need for stairs can arise for various reasons, from construction country house"With his own hand" before its expansion, or during redevelopment and any changes in a suburban cottage, during the reconstruction of a legacy house, equipment, and so on.

There are as many reasons for the appearance of a new staircase, up to a simple desire to have beautiful new steps leading up.

But, before you install the stairs you like visually, you need to find out what they are and how, apart from design and materials, they differ.

Types of stairs in the house

In addition to the division by purpose, for example, they will lead to the basement or to the attic, and materials, the stairs are also structurally different:

straight lines - marching and on bolts;
screw;
with a turn and combined;
folding.

Modular are available with both screw and direct construction. Modular, that is, consisting of separate modules, stairs can be made of any material and represent any type, except folding.

Building such a staircase on their own much easier than any other, in addition, the system of modules allows you to change steps that have become unusable without affecting the entire structure. This is the main difference between the modular version and the rest.

In private construction, wooden modular stair sections, both straight and with tops, are more in demand. Screw, although they are good for everyone, they are built on their own less often, although there is no particular difficulty in them.

In relation to attics, the leaders are "attic", that is, folding stairs. However, before deciding to install this option, you need to think carefully, because if in the future there is a possibility of arranging an attic, such a staircase will no longer work.

As for the iron or concrete ones, special skills are needed to equip them and, of course, equipment, at least a welding machine. Therefore, the most popular and optimal are home ladders made of wood; moreover, the use of this material allows you to choose any type of construction.

Folding ladders are very convenient for installation in the attic

Screw

Even though they are inconvenient, they are ergonomic and beautiful. Basically, such designs are intended for places devoid of space for a "normal" staircase, but the choice of design for "screws" is so diverse that it is worth at least considering the possibility of installing them.

In modular "screws" you can use different shapes- from round to triangular, different materials for the base and steps - from boards to ceramics and glass. Such an abundance of possibilities allows them to become a highlight of any interior.

Direct

"March" - a straight section of the staircase, consisting of several modules, if such structures are involved, of course.

The stairs "marches" are the most convenient for ascending and descending, but besides this, they are the easiest to build. Even a beginner who has no experience in such work can cope with the installation of "marches".

The design, called - "on the bolts", implies fastening the canvases of the steps directly to the wall. There are no special nuances and difficulties in the installation, except that you have to use big amount various metal "spare parts", fasteners, all kinds of details.

It will not be possible to build it "from scratch", but there are quite a lot of similar staircases already equipped with all the necessary things are sold in construction and interior stores - you just need to choose the appropriate sizes and appearance, purchase and assemble it like a simple construction set.

Many people doubt the reliability of such a "hovering" ladder, however, the minimally similar (simplest) design will withstand a load of over a thousand kilograms, the corresponding information is in the accompanying instructions attached to each kit with parts.

With a turn

These are the same marching ones, with the only difference that the canvases are placed with a turn, at an angle in relation to each other.

For a device of this type, you will need not only modules with steps, but also the arrangement of intermediate "spans" (platforms). Depending on how many sections will "turn", they are called - two-march, three-march and so on.

Foldable

"Folding beds" are used for lifting to attics, the simplest example of them is an ordinary two or three knee, screwed to the hatch. There are a lot of similar homemade products in the houses of summer cottages.

The ladder is folded as you like. Among the kits, ready for independent work on the assembly, there are folding options, and retractable and folding ones. They are united by one thing - the staircase completely goes into the attic hatch, that is, it hides behind the hatch and turns out to be outside only when it is opened.

How to install a wooden ladder

Whichever type of ladder is chosen, they will compose it:

Steps.

Without exaggeration, the most important part for a stair section. In turn, it consists of - footsteps and treads. A walk is what people step on, the very "working" surface of the step.

The most "correct" width, comfortable for a person, is from 30 cm, respectively, for the staircase itself - from 90 cm.

The tread is the vertical that holds the tread surface. In the construction of the simplest "classics" - within 15-20 cm in height.

If an ergonomic spiral staircase is being built, then you need to take into account that the treads will be different, the optimal combination is 45 cm for the outer "side" and 25 cm for the inner one.

Supports.

Beams that carry the entire load on the ladder are called support beams and are divided into the following elements: bowstring, stringer, pillar.

A pillar - if a spiral staircase is being built, and in the rest - a stringer and a bowstring.

Kosour is a massive "serious" beam with triangular cutouts under the steps, but the bowstring is with round ones made with inside.

Railing.

Although perceived as a decorative part, they are in fact a complete component providing convenience and safety.

They consist of a pair of elements - balusters and a handrail. Baluster - a protective element that covers the top of the handrail.

In general, then, this is all you need to know before you start. installation of a wooden staircase.

Any construction begins with the development of a project, even if it will be a schematic drawing made on the wall country house, it will still be what is called a project.

It includes all numbers, angle, tilt or turn data, and all other "engineering" information. Of course, if we are talking about building a fundamental one, in a full-fledged mansion, then even if you want to do everything completely yourself, the calculations and development of the project should be entrusted to those who do it professionally.

But in a small private building or in a house in a dacha community, it is quite possible to count everything. The first is to decide on the place where the future staircase will be located.

Absolutely everything always depends on the place - what type it will be, height and width, what kind of material (or their combination) and, in general, how much materials, fasteners and funds will be spent on its construction.

The process itself, the totality of actions that how to install stairs to the second floor(simple, marching), will consist of the following:

you need to start with "production", approach and tread - for them, you should saw the boards according to measurements and sand them;
further in turn - supports, they also need to be cut strictly according to measurements, having previously applied markings to the bars, while it is imperative to observe the angle (inclination) of the cutout with the future grooves of the steps, you should not rush, making support;
as soon as the supporting elements are cut out, they need to be installed and secured in place, after which the steps must be "applied", starting, of course, from the risers;
after the steps with the supports are fixed, you can proceed with the installation of the balusters that enclose the work and closing them with handrails.

Usually newcomers to the construction business are confused by the question of whether how to install balusters on stairs... It is easy to do this - with bolts or self-tapping screws, and then close the attachment points with plugs, sometimes balusters are placed on the glue, but only if they are very light and carry an exclusively decorative load.

What comes in handy for installation

To make and install stairs in the house, you will need:

"Holding" bars, dense from "reliable" types of wood, approximately 40X40 in the cut, and the length depends on personal needs;
boards, their sizes and thickness, are also dictated by individual moments;
bars for risers and supports;
balusters, handrails - you can in the form of material, or you can buy already turned, ready-made;
self-tapping screws and other necessary fasteners, for example - corners or staples;
joiner's glue;
, screwdriver, hammer, planer, sander and coarse sandpaper and other tools;
protective equipment - gloves, glasses and so on.

When choosing a tree, you need to inspect everything - the presence of scrapings, knots, curves or other defects for what is intended for under the stairs is unacceptable.

How to install a modular ladder

There are almost no differences in the installation process with a wooden classic homemade ladder. By purchasing a ready-made or custom-made design, independently install modular ladder it will not be difficult, you just need to follow the instructions attached to the kit with the components.

The main ones that distinguish work with modules, in addition to the fact that you do not have to make components manually, are the methods of assembly, connecting elements:

module into module - assembled with screws using various plates and corners, you need a good flat screwdriver, the "step width" is not adjustable, you don't have to try to do this;
threaded studs, a lot of various mounts, pins, pins and other elements, it is quite difficult to work, it will take a lot of attention and accuracy, and, of course, a full set of tools;
a combination of clamps and bolts, such a completely modular cannot be considered, however, it is mounted extremely simply, you only need a screwdriver, self-tapping screws are usually already included in the kit.

From the point of view of operational points, it is important to remember that such ladders can only be mated with thick strong walls, not less than 30 cm thick and floor or in the form concrete slab, or with wood reinforced with additional beams.

The procedure is similar to the ordinary wooden staircase you create yourself - it all starts with supports and ends with a railing.

How to install an attic staircase

There are enough different options ready-made products hiding behind hatch covers. They are divided according to how they add up:

scissor type - made of metal and sliding apart, like books or;
telescopic type - also "iron", all sections fit into each other, just like nesting dolls;
folding - the principle is the same as with attached multi-knee ladders, they are made from both metals and wood;
automatic, the extension mechanism activates the electric drive.

They are sold both without the box and directly the hatch, and with them. With that how to install attic staircase , any person can handle it.

The main points to look out for are:

the hatch box should be smaller along the perimeter than the opening, but no more than 1-3 cm;
for fixing, so that the box "fits", you need to use such "assistants" as rough "auxiliary" boards, with the aim of supporting it, which are then removed;
It is easier for two to do the work if one person is assembling, then he should have alternative access to the attic, for example, a ladder attached to the outside.

The work will require:

screwdriver;
self-tapping screws, solid strong "bolts";
goniometer, a simple protractor will do;
a set of different screwdrivers;
"Rough" boards and wedges.

The ladder, "jumping out" from the attic, can easily be made by yourself, for example, from an old three-knee ladder.

How much does it cost to install a ladder by third-party workers

That, how much does it cost to install a ladder, depends on different points. The main pricing criteria are in what type of stairs you will need to work with and in what kind of service is required, for example:

assembly ready-made "on the march" (10-14 steps) - from 30,000 rubles;
install a railing on the stairs, including balusters - from 21,500 rubles;
provide a staircase (in one march only) "turnkey", together with material and direct production - from 54,000 rubles;
assembly (without "deliveries-transports") of the finished (from the store) stairs with 2 spans - from 42,500 rubles.

Installation of "screws" is calculated only "on site", individually.

The cost of the work is quite tangible, so it makes sense to purchase a ready-made "constructor" in the store and assemble everything yourself, or make it completely.

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