Svetopropy concrete slabs. Transparent concrete

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Concrete is a solid building material that has high quality characteristics and long service life. The advantages of a concrete solution are much, however, there are also disadvantages. One, the disadvantages are non-psychic external, which requires additional finishes. But technology in the world of construction does not stand still, and was invented the new kind - Concrete translucent. This building material allows you to distinguish the silhouettes of objects and the outlines of people, which is a unique design decision in the construction of buildings and structures. Transparent concrete can be made with your own hands, which will reduce costs for and so expensive materials.

Definition

Transparent concrete is a unique building material that invented the Hungarian architect A. Horski. He was looking for opportunities to provide additional lighting facilities without disturbing the strength characteristics of the concrete solution. And then the architect decided to change the internal structure of the material.

Fifteen years later, experiments over concrete, the architect managed to introduce into construction new Material - Transparent concrete (literone). It consists of fine-grained composite materials and fiberglass.

The manufacture of transparent concrete is impossible large volumes, so they are taken to be released in the form of a block.

Against the backdrop of basic advantages, allocate the main drawback of a transparent concrete solution is a high price of materials used, which can reach thousands of dollars.

Features and characteristics

The light is skipped due to the fiber optic.

Transparent concretes beyond the unique appearance have:

high strength;
water resistance;
thermal insulation;
noise insulation;
the possibility of personnel manufacture.

Due to the fiberglass included in the composition, the material receives a reinforcing effect, which exaggerates its characteristics:

moisture to six percent;
frost resistance;
bending strength;
compressive strength.

Features of the lifrand are in its environmental friendliness, which are the indicators of the corresponding check and have certificates. The disadvantages include the absence of the possibility of obtaining a light-conducting mixture directly in the formwork on the construction site. The manufacturing process lies in layer-by-layer laying of the components of the solution, after the simplicity of which the laid surface is treated with an additional composition, which will obtain the necessary light-conducting properties.

Light transmitting is provided by the fiber optic. It allows you to skip the light rays at a distance of about 200 centimeters. Whole fiber does not affect fire and is resistant to sharp temperature differences and ultraviolet radiation.

Walls made of transparent concrete capable of passing into the room rays of natural light in daytime night, lighting pricework Due to room lighting. Litracon can meet black, white and gray, also produce matte panels or polished. Lighting blocks are fixed with anchors, construction solutions, adhesive mixtures. Blocks are manufactured different sizes, with diverse color gamut and the method of surface treatment.

Areas of use

Use liter to create a unique design element of the interior:

facades of buildings and structures;
countertops;
stairs;
benches;
inland partitions.

Manufacturing technology do it yourself

Transparent concrete can be made personally, but you should carefully treat this process. The difficulty lies in the technology of preparing a lifone, namely, in the proportions of the desired components. To get a lighting structure, you should take four percent of the fiber from the entire mass of the solution. You should also follow the direction of laying the threads that should lie strictly in one direction. The following materials should be prepared for the personnel creation of a lumpon:

purified water;
dried cement mixture with small grains of aggregate;
fiberglass length corresponding to the stove thickness.

Optical fiberglass (threads with a cross section from ¼ to 3 mm, in length equal to the future thickness of the panels).

The technological process of self-containing pittal compound includes the following steps:

the manufacture of a box, which is a floating formwork, capable of moving up as the solution is frozen;
the manufactured box is installed on the aligned horizontal surface and poured into it with a thin layer prepared mixture in a small amount;
next laid fiberglass into a flooded solution and a little blend it;
they give a solution to grab and further poured the following portion, after which another layer of fiberglass is placed in it;
repeat the fill and installation of fiberglass until full filling of the formwork;
after soaring the last layer of the flooded solution, the formwork is carried out, the sides of the blocks are polished, and the sides of the blocks are polished, from the side of perpendicularly located fiberglass.

The creation lies in mixing one part of the cement and three parts of the sand. Part of the water is added, based on the mass of cement, and there should be no more than half of its part. Next add modifiers, some of which is determined by the manufacturer's recommendations. Dry components are immersed in the mixer and stirred for one minute. As soon as the mixture acquires homogeneity, water is introduced and stirred for another five minutes.

After forming a transparent concrete in blocks, it is processed to finish processing. To do this, we carry out a platform in two-three days after its installation and leave the manufactured unit to be maintained under optimal humidity conditions and temperature mode. The process of incomplete frost occurs in three or five days.

In order for the material to carry out light rays, the side surfaces should be seized.

For more than 50 years, concrete is the most popular building material. Due to high strength, density and resistance to temperature drops, concrete bases Serve longer. But, this material has pretty scanty aesthetic indicators, which significantly narrows the scope of its use during construction. To solve this problem, a transparent concrete was developed (or as it is also called the light or "literon"). This is an innovative material that only begins to conquer the market. Consider more, which is part of this material, what properties it has and where it is used.

What is the transparent concrete

This modification was developed by architect from Hungary by Arone Hoshonzi, which experimented with construction materials. With it light hands 15 years ago a lightweight concrete appeared on the light, which consists of:

cement;
fine-grained sand;
fibroid fibers (thread diameter 0.5-2.5 mm), which perform the role of light filler;
specialized additives that improve the formability of a low-propelled solution.

Localized fillers in the manufacture of translucent concrete are not used.

Fiber optic glass threads are necessarily certified. The documents indicate that the material is environmentally friendly.

Immediately it is worth saying that the cost of high-quality transparent concrete is very high, if you have the opportunity, it is better to order material from Europe. Nevertheless, domestic producers have already begun to master the technology of production of this unique composition. True, the price of this has decreased not much.

Cost of transparent concrete

Today on russian market The sale of this unique material is made by two Litracon and Lucem. However, it is worth considering that these companies are not manufacturers. These are the mediators of official European companies that are just manufactured by a glowing concrete. Accordingly, the cost is not taken into account.

However, you can order decorative plates of any size, shape or color. You can even buy the canvas in which fiber fiber fibers will be laid out in the form of a logo or product, as well as blocks equipped with LED backlight. Of course, the cost in this case will be several times higher.

If we talk about the price of "typical" panels from a transparent material, then:

The Litracon Classic Panel of 1200 x 400 mm in size and 25 mm thick will cost at least 90,000 rubles. If the thickness is increased to 200 mm, then it will cost 320,000 rubles.
A little cheaper will cost the Litracube LAMP unit with a size of 221 x 175 x 175 mm and a thickness of 25 mm. For it you can pay from 54,000 rubles.
Light concrete plate from Lucem (1250 x 650 mm) with a thickness of 15-50 mm will cost at least 90,000 rubles.
Luminous LUCEM tabletop with a size of 1200 x 600 mm will cost 89,500 rubles.

All prices include shipping cost.

Many believe that due to their transparent structure, such a concrete has very low strength indicators and other characteristics. Consider them in more detail.

Properties of transparent concrete

Despite its transparency, this material has the same properties as ordinary concrete. Moreover, according to some indicators, he even surpasses his "gray fellow". This is explained by the fact that its composition contains fiberglass, which is an excellent reinforcing material.

The luminous material has the following characteristics:

durability: compression in a range of 20-35 MPa, on bend 30 ptb, and no less than 2 stretching;
density - 2300 kg / cm 3;
thermal conductivity - 2.1 W / (m ∙ k);
frost resistance to F75;
waterproof - W4-W8;
sound insulation properties - 46 dB;
water absorption within 6%.

At the same time, the material freely transmitting the light beam does not have any influence of UV radiation. However, there is a risk of insignificant alkaline-silicate reactions in the case of heavy precipitation. Therefore, it is better to choose products with a thinner cross section of threads, then damage will be minimal.

The thickness of the plates of transparent concrete usually does not exceed 20 cm. However, this indicator does not affect the light-brain ability of the material. Even if the wall thickness is 2 m, the light will still go through it through it.

In the afternoon, the slabs are missing natural light, and at night - artificial, thanks to which you can achieve very unusual design decisions both in the interior of the apartment and when building a country house.

Scope of application of transparent concrete

Since blocks are produced any size and color, polished or matte, their scope is not limited. Products of this type can be used in construction. They are optimal for interior decoration, as well as under construction:

partitions;
stairs;
inserts and much more.

The luminous panel is allowed to be used on a par with products from standard concrete. However, the cost of transparent building material So high that it is used only when the buildings of a special architectural value are erected.

If we talk about ordinary citizens, then they often apply this unusual composite for the manufacture:

benches;
countertops;
shells;
decorative fountains;
distorted niches in the walls.

If you spend on small panels, you can make a cube from them and put the lamp inside it. So you will get a very unusual lamp.

Also, from a transparent concrete you can make a bar counter, which will be separated by the kitchen and bedroom in the studio apartment.

Of course, buying 90,000 rubles for the usual night light. In this case, the transparent composite can be tried to make it on its own.

How to cook transparent concrete

First of all, it is worth saying that specialized equipment is required to produce such a composite. Since the composition components are placed in layers, after each subsequent layer requires processing. Nevertheless, there are handicraft methods that allow you to prepare a material that resembles a transparent concrete, with your own hands.

This will require:

1 share of PC;
2.5-3 Sand shares (it should not contain loam and dust);
lightwater filler - (no more than 5% of the total mass of the kneading);
modifying additives.
0.5 parts of running water.

The solution is mixed in a forced mixer (it is better to prepare concrete with small portions). First you need to shift sand and cement. After that, water is added to the mixture, and the solution is mixed at least 6 minutes. The following steps are prepared, and the following operations are manufactured:

The formwork is laid out a layer of concrete of about 0.5-1 cm high.
A layer of fibers is stacked on it (they need to be pressed a little).
After that, it is necessary to wait until the layer "grab".
The procedure is repeated until full filling of the formwork design.

After that, it is necessary to wait for about 72 hours and remove the formwork. For a week, the workpiece must be stored at a temperature of +20 degrees and air humidity at least 95%. After 7 days, the concrete will take maximum strength, then it will be possible to grind surfaces. For finishing processing, it is best to use diamond discs.

Finished blocks are mounted using standard masonry mixtures. For gluing products, it is possible to use an epoxy resin with a quartz filler.

In custody

Transparent concrete is a very expensive pleasure, so no one uses it to build houses. However, if applied to decorative purposes, You can achieve a stunning effect.

Concrete produced by Illuminart from the Kirov region, special. Unlike the usual, it is able to skip light.

The first one to come to mind to combine concrete with optical fiber, became the Hungarian architect Aron Horski. As a result, the translucent "translucent" building material he patented under the name liter. The entire secretion secret in the conjunction of the magazine cement mass with small fiber-optic tubes, which are used in telecommunication networks. If the proportion of these threads does not exceed 5% of the total mass, then the properties of the material remain comparable to the light concrete, not very losing in strength and durability. But, as they say, the main chip is not in this.

Litraone, unlike his "progenitor," turned out to be far from such a boring and banal. On the wonderful properties of this concrete, photos will be brighter: Through the litter can see the shadows of people, objects, the illumination, which turns it into an unusual decorative material. Outwardly, he rather reminds a natural stone, granite or marble than a soulless concrete slab. The first sample of the Hungary was obtained back in 2001 and for 15 years new technology spread throughout the world. She did not bypass Russia. First industrial production Transparent concrete launched a company from the Kirov region called Illuminart.

The company began to master the market in 2012, but the first experiments were not quite successful. In the native of entrepreneurs Kirov buyers found a bit. The situation has radically changed only in 2015, when a transparent concrete in the literal and figurative sense lit up on one of the television gears dedicated to design and construction. Soon the company learned in Moscow, orders from architects, cafes, bars and restaurants began. As a result, if you believe Press publications, in three months of 2016, Illuminart turns jumped from 100 thousand rubles. up to 5 million rubles. per month. Moreover, by the end of the year, the company is going to reach 50 million rubles. Naturally, adding impurities and the absence of such material on the market significantly increases the cost of such material compared to conventional concrete.

The main buyers were not developers, but representatives of the entertainment industry. And this, given the properties of a transparent concrete, perhaps not surprising. Illumicon (this is how entrepreneurs called their concrete), it is much more suitable where they can be admired. For example, it can be used as a bar racks in nightclubs, highlighted by illumination, create decorative lamps and other interior items. As an examples of using a transparent concrete on the company's website, highlighted steps, fences, interior decoration premises and living rooms.

According to manufacturers, the greatest difficulties in creating a material causes work with fiberglass threads. Their laying can be made independently, but for mass production, this approach is ineffective. Representatives of the company had to look for special automated devices and even manually designing machines. The material is realized by plates and blocks long to 1200 mm and up to 400 mm high. The price per square, depending on the thickness of the plate varies from 1890 to 38900 rubles (the numbers are relevant by mid August 2016).

Now the company can be said is in finding a client. What other ways to use transparent concrete can be invented? Creating highlighting pedestrian crossings, unusual interiors of exhibition and art spaces, construction of dance clubs or even houses for secured customers? These questions have to be answered. In any case, it seems that in the coming years, the transparent concrete will be the material not for the mass consumer.

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Concrete is one of the most durable building materials with extremely high technical and operational characteristics. An indisputable advantage The material under consideration is a long service life. Despite the fact that the concrete composition has a number of advantages, without flaws it did not cost.
The main drawback of the cement composition is the unattractiveness of the appearance, it is required decorative finish. However, construction technologies develop with seven-world steps. As a result, technologists have developed a fundamentally new type of concrete - translucent.
We are talking about building material, allowing to create realistic silhouettes of animals and people, which is essentially a great designer solution When building objects, buildings. Transparent concrete is easy to make a personnel personally, which helps reduce costs for expensive building materials.

Determination of transparent concrete
Transparent concrete is a unique building material invented by Mr. Horst, one of the leading Hungarian architects. He was looking for the opportunity to ensure his designs additional lightingAt the same time, the technically characteristics of the cement composition are in no way deteriorate. As a result, the architect decided to change the internal components of the building material.
After 15 years of incessant searches and experiments, he managed to develop and introduce a fundamentally new decorative and finishing material in the construction industry - transparent concrete. He got the name of liter. The material is introduced composite fine-grained compounds based on fiberglass.
The main disadvantage of transparent concrete - production is impossible on a large scale and volumes, so they are mainly produced in the form of building blocks.

Despite the obvious advantages of transparent concrete, you should not leave without attention and the key drawback is the high price applied by materials. Total price tag approaches several thousand dollars.

Specifications and features of transparent concrete
Transparent concrete differs not only unique external speciesbut also in the following characteristics:

thermal insulation;
water resistance;
high strength characteristics;
the possibility of personnel production;
noise isolation.

Since the cement includes fiberglass, a pronounced reinforcing effect is provided in the material. This contributes to the improvement of the real characteristics of the composition:

high flexural strength and compression;
frost resistance;
the level of moisture absorption rises to 6%.

One of the main advantages of the modern luxury is environmental cleanliness and safety. The characteristics of the material are certified. The minus of the material is the inability to get a lighting composition at the construction site, where the finished formwork is installed.

The light is passed due to the special fiber, which is part of the building material. Due to it, transmitting lights better on the length of up to 2 m. Fiber optic resistant to temperature fluctuations, thermal exposure, ultraviolet radiation.
During the daytime, such a transparent concrete passes natural light inside the residential space. In such a way, it is possible to ensure indoor lighting the household plot, the garden zone. The sale of gray, white and black colors is on sale. The lighting elements are fixed by construction solutions, anchors, or other fixing compositions. To date, blocks are available in various colors.

Scope of transparent concrete
Litracomon is used to form unique design elements:

inland partitions;
stairs;
countertops;
facades of structures.

It's time to dwell on the technology of production of transparent concrete with your own hands.

Technology production of transparent concrete with their own hands
The production of transparent concrete can be organized and with their own hands, if you carefully approach the technological process. The main problem is the technological complexity of the preparation of a lifone, and to be more accurate, then the need for a clear observance of the necessary ingredients.
To obtain a lighting structure, it is necessary to prepare 4% of the fiber-optic cement on the total mass of the composition. It is equally important to lay the threads in the right direction, they are located in a strict one side.

To prepare literon with your own hands, it is important to prepare several components:

purified water;
cement mix with the addition of fine aggregate;
fiberglass.

From a technological point of view, the production of luxandes can be represented as follows.

Previously, it is necessary to make a box that is a floating formwork. It moves in the vertical direction, when frozen the bulk of the solution.
The finished box is mounted on the preparatory surface, previously aligned. After that, the prepared mixture is submitted to a small volume in the base of the formwork.
After that, fiberglass laying in already flooded concrete mix, slightly blending the material.
Then it is necessary to wait so that the solution is grabbed, and only after that the following portion is performed.
Pouring is repeated and installed fiberglass. The frequency is repeated until the final fill is filling the formwork.
The dismantling of the formwork and grinding blocks are embarking on the completion of the fill of the last layer.

The production of fine-grained concrete solution is reduced to successively mixing 1 hour cement and 3 hours of sand. As for the water, it is introduced gradually, taking into account the final mass of cement. But the total volume of water should not exceed 50% of the entire composition. After that, specialized components contribute, plasticizers, in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer's company.

After completing the formation of a transparent concrete, the final grinding is beginning. For this purpose, a platform is carried out. It is carried out 3 days after installing the formwork. In conditions of low humidity, the manufactured blocks are withstanding 5 days.

Litrakon - common modern material, distinguished not only by impeccable style and appearance, but also exceptional technical characteristics.

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