Midlife crisis in women. Four Women's Crises: How Easier to Cope With Them? Crisis 27 years in women

How to overcome the crisis 25 years - personal experience... Crisis 27 years in women

How to overcome the crisis 25 years - personal experience

Fari Nurbaeva

Esthete and erudite. Likes to explore life and create cool things.

What is the essence of the crisis

Parents from childhood instill that you are special and very talented. They comment on their successes and small achievements with the phrases "You are a genius", "What a fine fellow you are!", "You have a great future." You grow up feeling like a star who has a special destiny (a special destiny means a road strewn with achievements and achievements).

Successes in school, victories in olympiads, admission to a prestigious university and the understanding that some things you do better than everyone else only strengthen this feeling. Add to this the expectations of parents, friends of parents and neighbors in the country.

Everyone has their own scenario, but the result is the same: confidence in their exclusivity, faith in their special luck and dreams of greatness. This confidence is also reinforced by the media and social networks, which scream about the special talents that Mark Zuckerberg, Mozart and others have possessed since childhood. Of course, when you come into contact with reality, everything does not always work out, but the first failures can always be justified: "Steve Jobs also had failures, or look at J.K. Rowling." You wrap yourself deeper in the mantle of the chosen one, cherishing your ego and dreaming of a brilliant future.

Meanwhile, student years fly by, and suddenly you wake up in the formal status of an adult. From that moment on, life begins to pull you out of infantile dreams and makes you grow up, step by step killing false “I” and destroying fantasies. The process goes on rather quickly, and by the age of 24, part of the personality dies.

Actually, the crisis of a quarter of life is the death of the false self.

At 23-24 he pins you, and at 25 you meet almost naked: there are almost no illusions left, the new skills of an adult are still functioning poorly, you feel very vulnerable.

Yes, this turning point is very difficult to survive. This is really a crisis, so there is nothing surprising in depression, tantrums and the feeling that you are a complete insignificance.

At these moments, it is important to understand that everyone goes through this. Someone has a higher or lower degree of stress, but everyone goes through it, and you will. The main thing is to try to break as little firewood as possible, no matter how hard it pushes.

How to deal with it

During periods of exacerbation of depression, do not make any important decisions.
You don't need to shut yourself up, ignore your friends and loved one. They can support and give moments of happiness, even if they do not understand your condition.
Introduce a daily routine and develop your own rituals (for example, a cup of coffee in the morning). They will be anchors during bouts of depression and will be able to streamline life, which is very important when there is chaos in the head.
If an attack of depression has already begun, then take a sheet of paper and write down all the thoughts that appear in your head. When the first wave has passed, stop writing and throw out the sheet. Then try to turn off emotions, not wind yourself up and shift your attention to something else. For example, play with a cat or take a test.
If you love your job, then you shouldn't leave it. In free float, depression can progress as there are no tasks to distract from.
But if you do not like work, then it is better to leave, since unpleasant work increases internal tension and dissatisfaction with life will be felt more sharply.
Accept reality and circumstances. How to use? Stop analyzing the situation and asking the question "Why?" When you accept a situation, you let it go.
Finding time to be alone with yourself in order to organize all your thoughts.
Do yoga or take a walk.
Seek help from a specialist if it is very bad, and, possibly, take pills as directed by your doctor.

How to live on

When hell itself ends (the process of destroying illusions and experiences), the process of creating a new oneself begins. Creation of a real self without the intoxication of fantasies, the influence of parents, and so on. A person comes to this period with two conclusions:

1. There is no purpose and special destiny. Your life is made up of your decisions and circumstances. The good news is that by doing this or that, you do not betray yourself, but simply choose the area in which you will create yourself. Freedom of choice is the gift of life.

2. There is no innate talent. There are inclinations, but they need to be developed, and only then they will turn into talents. The good news is that since there are no talents, it is impossible to bury them and, again, spoil your great destiny. So you can not worry, not be afraid to start something and try, because the success of your endeavors does not depend on great talent.

The process of creating yourself consists of several steps:

1. Deal with your childhood traumas. This is obvious, but anyone who has worked with their childhood problems will tell you that this is one of the most effective ways to improve your life and your mental state. You can't move forward when you carry bags of unfinished problems in your head.

2. Determine what you like, what attracts and what you want. As we have already decided, there is no purpose, and it is impossible to create yourself without understanding your interests. Sample questions:

Who do I want to live with?
What do I want to do?
What I like?
What makes me happy?

3. Examine your characteristics. These features are waves, with which it is difficult and sometimes pointless to fight, so it is easier to understand them and try to build life taking into account your uniqueness. Sample questions:

Which daily routine is right for my body?
What rhythm of life suits me?
What cycles do I have in my life?

4. Choose the area of life that is most unsatisfying, and take measures to change it.

And so, step by step, create yourself and your new life.

Note: All statements and advice presented in this article are the expression of the personal opinion of the author and may not reflect the opinion of the editorial board.

lifehacker.ru

Key ideas

It remains in the background, although the crisis of 25-year-olds affects important aspects of their lives and hurts.
This is a period of reorganization, rethinking yourself and developing new life priorities.
You can survive it with benefit, because it is the crisis that makes us look for contact with ourselves, perceive ourselves more realistic and solve internal problems.

In our twenties, most of us begin adulthood: education is completed, a job appears, our own family, our first children. But if 50 years ago 65% of 30-year-old men and 77% of women of this age considered themselves adults, now only 31% and 46%. The majority admit that they are disappointed, experience indecision, fear, boredom and confusion.

"The crisis of entering adulthood", "early adolescence" - this is how psychologists define this difficult time. But it is more often referred to as the “quarter-life crisis”. The term came into use thanks to two 25-year-old American women, New Yorker columnist Alexandra Robbins and web designer Abby Wilner, authors of The Quarter Life Crisis: Unique Life Trials for Those Over 20.

The topic turned out to be relevant for millions of yesterday's graduates not only in the USA, but also in France, Italy, Germany: the book has become an international bestseller. In Russia, the same topic arouses no less keen interest among those over twenty, as well as age psychologists, to whom people of this age are increasingly turning for advice.

"Quiet" crisis

For a long time, the experiences of 25-year-olds remained in the shadow of louder turning periods - crises of adolescence and middle age. Perhaps because they are not so noticeable to others. But, like any crisis, this one affects the most significant aspects of life and hurts.

It took Oleg, 27, several years to find a unique key to adulthood: “It was not easy for me to realize that my father’s advice and mother’s care would not make me happy. I myself must be responsible for what happens to me, for my disappointments, successes and failures. "

Oleg tried to adapt to the lifestyle that his relatives imposed on him

The path to understanding this turned out to be a long one and left many scars in my soul. Oleg tried to adapt to the lifestyle imposed by his relatives: after graduating from the medical institute, he came to work in a family company.

“During the day I sat in my pants in my father’s office and was frankly bored,” he recalls. “My real life began in the evening, when my friends and I went to the club, listened to music, discussed new discs.” After a year and a half of "double life" Alexander left "from his father" for a large recording company. "The music industry doesn't look so great on the inside," he says, "but I feel much more comfortable here."

8 signs of a "quarter life crisis"

If you are familiar with at least half of the above situations, it means that the "crisis of a quarter of your life" has not bypassed you.

You graduated from a prestigious university, but continue to interrupt with part-time jobs, consoled by the fact that "There is a diploma, and thank God!"
You miss your job. You miss your job.
You miss your friend. You miss him.
This is the first time you say to yourself, "I'm not young anymore."
You are used to changing partners often, but for the first time you think: isn't it time to decide?
You are a young woman, the question of children arises. You are a young man, you have your first gray hair.
You have a lot of temporary jobs - interesting or needed only for money. You are asking yourself if it’s time to focus on one area.
Your little brother or best friend got married, got a permanent job, took out a mortgage, had children. You feel like you have been passed over.

26-year-old Lika also sharply senses the contrast between her own expectations and reality: “I was always sure that by 25 I would be living on Nevsky, I would have a smart and successful boyfriend and my own TV program,” she admits. - Now I work in the news on a cable TV channel, and most of my salary is consumed by renting a "odnushka" in a residential area in which I live alone. It seems to me that youth is passing away, but I can not achieve anything. "

"Reality came as a shock to me"

Ilya, 27 years old, assistant notary

“I didn't like school: my life was poisoned by the very need to go there, to obey idiotic rules. But I knew: everything would end, I would be released and finally begin to live the way I wanted. Having received the profession of a lawyer, I hoped to quickly make a career. But it didn't work out that way. The work came as a shock to me: I again feel like a schoolboy who is just mastering the basics of adult life. I'm learning from scratch again, building relationships, earning a reputation. It looks like I'll have to wait a long time for my efforts to start bearing at least some fruit. "

Build an image of yourself

The feelings of Oleg and Lika are strong and sincere. “But many of those who belong to a more mature age, including the parents of 20-year-olds, are critical and even ironic in assessing the situation,” says psychologist Sergei Stepanov. - The experiences of young adults seem to them to be the whims of spoiled children.

For a generation of parents, having a decently paid job, modest but gradually growing wealth is evidence that life is good. After all, many in their youth were deprived of this. "

Internal conflicts boil in young souls. “And the deepest of them is connected with the first assembly of oneself, with the search for one's own identity, which comes into conflict with reality, with what society offers to young people,” explains the age psychologist Yuri Frolov. - When it ends adolescence, it is important for everyone to feel independent from their parents, but at the same time they want to feel the warmth and support of their relatives.

20-year-olds are acutely aware of the contradiction between the need for intimacy and the fear of losing themselves, dissolving in a partner. As a result, there is an idealized perception of childhood and adolescence, nostalgia for them and regret about the opportunities missed in that “golden time”. "

This is not about a turning point or radical shaking of the foundations, but only about an awakening - even if it is anxious or bitter

There are experiences, but they are not tragic, says psychotherapist Stefan Clerget. “We are not talking about a turning point or radical shaking of the foundations, but only about awakening, even if it is alarming or bitter. And, as with any awakening, someone in the morning is tormented by a melancholy or a hangover, and someone gets turned on with a half-turn and immediately begins to make plans for the day. "

By the age of 30, we revise our perception of ourselves, taking into account new knowledge about reality, separate it from our own and parental fantasies and move on to a new one. life stage... This is a period of rethinking yourself and developing new life priorities - a serious turn that needs to be made. As with any turn, first you slow down, you doubt, and then you start moving with renewed vigor.

"It's hard for me to make a choice."

“After graduation, I worked as an accountant in large company... Salary, prospects - but I hated this job and at some point I could not stand it, I quit. While I am sitting at home, I compose songs. After all, I dreamed about it - to live by music! But what to live on? Mom insists that I take my mind. But what should I choose: go to work or keep singing? It's the same in my personal life - my boyfriend and I have been dating for eight years, but I can't decide to start living together. "

Separation from parents

Many opportunities are open to young people: you can work in a bank or play rock and roll, get married or flutter from romance to romance. However, the moment inevitably comes when one has to make a choice, and therefore, abandon all options except one. And you will have to rely only on your own desires - the symbolic landmarks that the mother and father used to serve, no longer have their former meaning.

“I understand that while there are many roads in front of me,” says Lika, “but you need to choose one! Then it will be difficult to replay, if possible at all. "

According to psychoanalyst Tatyana Alavidze, the fear of choice is partly due to the behavior of the parents. Many of them are not ready to be left alone with themselves and in every possible way delay the separation.

“Directly or by roundabout methods, they actually continue to interfere in the lives of their children, dictating where they should work or with whom to spend time,” says Tatiana Alavidze. - This is facilitated by their financial participation in the lives of children. As a result, they artificially delay the maturation of a son or daughter. "

“It is important to distinguish between psycho-emotional and material independence,” says Stefan Clerget. - Often, a graduate or young professional continues to depend on parents in everyday life, while maintaining internal immunity and independence in acceptance key decisions... There is no direct connection here. "

"I envy those who are younger than me"

Farid, 29 years old, civil servant

“I just broke up with my girlfriend and went back to my parents. There is no housekeeping, shopping, commitments and other "adult life"! Friends get married, have children, but I don't want to. I envy those who are now 18-20 years old. For me it was beautiful time- so free ... I feel calm only in the company of older people - their society reminds me that I am still young. "

Wisdom of life

In the Chinese language, the word "crisis" consists of two hieroglyphs - "danger" and "opportunity": this is how the belief of the ancients came to us that in every problematic situation lies not only the destruction of the old, but also the creation of the new.

“There is no need to be afraid of an age crisis, it contains a culture of development and wisdom of life,” Yuri Frolov is sure. “It is important to learn to listen to your crisis, to study it, because it is he who makes us seek contact with ourselves, allows us to gain psychological integrity, begin to perceive ourselves realistically and, as a result, resolve many internal conflicts with a positive exit from it.”

"I'm afraid it will be late"

Elena, 25 years old, PR manager

“Everything is fine with me: work as a whole suits me, my parents helped me to buy a car, small apartment- from my grandmother. But I live in anxiety. Until now, life has been planned for several years in advance: to graduate from college, move out from his parents, find a job. And suddenly all the stages are over. What's next? I understand that there are many opportunities: you can quit your job, hitchhike around Europe, learn to jump with a parachute, enroll in a philosophical study. In principle, anything is possible. But I don’t know what I want, and yet a few more years will be too late. ”

"I was there and came back!"

“The crisis of a quarter of life” helps to understand that the time has come to solve our own problems ”, - says Alexandra Robbins, author of the world bestseller“ Overcoming the crisis of the “quarter of life”: advice from those who were there and returned ”.

“The 25 year old has been very helpful to me. I think I can avoid a midlife crisis, because by the age of 30 I was able to deal with the main issues of my own identity. Unlike our parents and grandfathers, we have the opportunity to unravel our true desires before getting married or starting a career.

I believe that young people are painfully experiencing this time, because they consider themselves lonely in their feelings and explain them by their personal characteristics. This is mistake. They do not talk about it either with peers who are experiencing the same emotions, or with those over thirty. Finally, many believe that "nothing can be changed." But it's never too late to start over!

To walk along a road that does not suit you, only because once it took it into your head to step on it, it is much more difficult than getting off it and choosing another - the one that will lead you, albeit not immediately, to where you really want get there. "

Eight human age crises

Age is not only a biological concept, but also a psychological one. And at each step that a person passes, an age crisis awaits us, with which mental breakdowns are associated, a reassessment of the life path and the opening of new opportunities. At these crossroads of fate, we find ourselves regardless of our will and desire. Therefore, it is worth preparing for them in advance.

We are like lobsters

“In some ways we are similar to some crustaceans,” the famous American researcher Gail Sheehy writes in her book “Transitions”. - Lobster grows and develops, shedding a number of protective shells. It frees itself from the outer shell as soon as it starts to interfere with it, and becomes vulnerable and sensitive until a new shell grows. Also, each transition to the next stage of development forces a person to destroy the existing protective structure. He becomes vulnerable and sensitive, like an embryo, but acquires new protection and its ability to gradually adapt to the environment. This transition can take several years. Having overcome it, we find ourselves in a long period of stability and relative calm. Until the next age stage. " How many steps are there in life?

How many age points are there? Psychologists, philosophers, and writers do not have an unambiguous answer to this question. Shakespeare believed that a person goes through 7 steps during his lifetime (monologue "All the steps of the world" in the play "As You Like It"). For many centuries before Shakespeare, 4 stages of life were described in Hindu treatises, each of which causes the next one: a) the student, b) the owner of the house, c) a solitary life, d) the final stage at which “a person is indifferent to everything and loves nothing ". Goethe described the phases of life as follows: a child is a realist, a young man is an idealist, a man is a skeptic and an old man is a mystic. And according to the theory of the famous psychologist Eric Erickson, life cycle is divided into 8 stages, each of which ends in a crisis, not as a catastrophe, but as a turning point.

Since childhood is described to the smallest detail by Dr. Spock, we will consider other ages under a microscope. So this is what the ladder of life looks like.

Life passes under the motto "you need to get away from your parental home." And at the age of 20, having already truly moved away from the family (institute, military service, short trips, etc.), the question becomes urgent: "How to stay in the world of adults?"

Life comes down to career growth. There are big changes, confusion and often crisis in the work. There is a desire to rip out the passed piece of life and start all over again. This could mean taking a different path, or turning a dream like “becoming president” into a more realistic goal. During this period, a lonely person feels a push, prompting him to look for a partner. A woman who used to be happy with the fact that she was sitting at home with children is eager to go out into the world. And childless parents - to have children.

Almost everyone who has been married for seven years feels unhappy. It ends with either a divorce, or the search for a lover (s).

The profession at this age is rarely changed. 30-35 YEARS

After 30 years, life is freed from many conventions, it becomes more rational and orderly. We begin to settle in life in the full sense of the word. Most of us are throwing away our old roots and starting to grow new ones. People buy houses and take promotion seriously.

Women reach their peak in the development of their sexuality. But at the same time, they demand that a man should have respect for her first of all. Unlike a girl who, out of girlish fear, is forced to retreat in front of everything, the 30-year-old goes to any lengths. And men, on the contrary, begin to experience the first signs of restructuring. reproductive system far from better side... And they show the first signs of aging brighter than women: wrinkles, overweight and cardiovascular disease. 35 YEARS

At this age, Faust makes a pact with Mephistopheles, because he feels that he is not moving on. And this is a problem for many: 65% of people of this age find themselves at a crossroads. At the age of 35, the official age of youth of young scientists, novice writers, etc. ends. It is time to become respectable.

Having reached the middle of life's path, we see where it ends. Time starts to shorten. The loss of youth, the extinction of physical strength, a change in habitual roles - any of these moments can lead to a crisis. In order to successfully pass it, we must re-analyze our goals and let that “something” that requires an exit break out.

35-year-olds no longer have new friends, there are only “acquaintances” and mainly “useful” ones.

If gifted people at the age of 20 can achieve the highest achievements without much stress, then at 35 this requires penetrating abilities.

We begin to think seriously that we are mortal, that our time is passing. And if we are not in a hurry to define ourselves in this life, it will turn into the fulfillment of trivial duties to maintain existence. This simple truth shocks us. The transition to the second half of life seems to us very harsh and too quick to accept.

Before the 40th anniversary, you need to make a career: those who have not yet been noticed will be bypassed in subsequent promotions. This is the last chance to get ahead and build your "ship".

From the age of 36 we will no longer be called young, this is a transition to official maturity.

Impassive statistics indicate an increase in the number of divorces among people who have reached 40-45 years old. Marriages do not stand the test of the second crisis period, which, according to many researchers, is less deep than the first, and can last a year or several years.

Unfortunately, many become like children at the age of 50. This is one of the scientific facts, along with others, showing that growing up does not mean being an adult.

Men of this age have the most important problem - impotence. But their nervous system becomes iron: they already weakly react to external stimuli such as the shout of the boss or the grunt of his wife. And in their professional field they remain valuable workers. It is at this age that they know how to separate the main from the secondary, completely concentrate on the main issues, which gives high results.

Life shows that by the middle of the period of maturity, many people seem to rediscover the joys of life, the simplest and most complex - from cooking to philosophy. And literally in one day they can make decisions about changing their lifestyle, implementing it with enviable pedantry.

Only after 40 years did Henrik Ibsen create his famous plays, and until 40 years old Titian was an unknown artist. There is even a frequently described pattern that outstanding people appear after 40 years.

50-55 YEARS At the age of 50 comes the warmth and wisdom of experience. Friends and personal life are more important than ever. At this age, people most often declare that their motto now is: "Do not engage in nonsense!" The horizon broadens, new problems emerge, and therefore day-to-day problems are pushed back. New creativity appears. For example, if at 35 you can be a good prosecutor or an active boss, now they are becoming an outstanding lawyer and a wise, benevolent boss. A person who develops consistently will reach a second creative climax in the middle of 50 years - this is the age for great leaders.

And for a woman, two scenarios of future life emerge - exactly the opposite. The first negative looks like this. When menopause was over, she did not find a new task and now complains: “I could never do anything for myself. Everything is just for the family, from morning to evening I only worked hard, I never had time to even read a book, most of the time I was still too tired to take on anything. It's too late now. The children have already left the house. My husband plunged into his profession, and I was left with nothing. " And she pounces on the household with fury, cleans what is already clean, wipes imaginary dust, continually complains that she has to do all the work.

Contrasting with a cleaning house dragon and an embittered working woman can be a woman using her crisis in a positive way. She gladly accepts that she is able to live for others, enjoy her garden or get used to the role of a grandmother.

Surprisingly, this age is found in almost all scientists who have achieved fame. There are many artists who have created their own best works over the age of 70. According to legend, the Japanese artist Hokusai said that everything he created before the age of 73 is worthless. Titian painted his most breathtaking paintings at almost 100 years of age. Verdi, Richard Strauss, Schüts, Sibelius and other composers worked until they were 80 years old.

By the way, writers, artists and musicians, in comparison with scientists and businessmen, can often do their work longer. The reason is that in deep old age a person sinks deeper and deeper into inner world, while the ability to perceive what is happening in the external world is weakened.

HOW TO MEASURE PSYCHOLOGICAL AGE?

You need to ask the person to answer the question: "If the entire content of your life is conventionally taken as one hundred percent, then what percentage of this content has been implemented by you to this day?" And already knowing how a person evaluates what has been done and lived, it is possible to establish his psychological age. To do this, it is enough to multiply the "indicator of fulfillment" by the number of years that a person hopes to live.

For example, someone believes that his life is half realized and is supposed to live only 80 years. His psychological age will then be equal to 40 years (0.5 x 80), regardless of whether he is 20 or 60 years old in reality. REFERENCE "KP"

The Chinese character for "crisis" is translated in two ways - as "danger" and "opportunity." One of the meanings of the Greek word for crisis is judgment, judgment of oneself.

By the way, do you know the secrets of a gorgeous woman?

Read about it on our Dream Interpreters blog. And write about what you dreamed - we will explain!

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Youth crisis (27-33 years old)

the first glance backwards, the farewell to youth, are painted in sad tones. This happens if the ideas about life that developed between the ages of 20 and 30 turn out to be not entirely correct, life suddenly ceases to seem easy and understandable, sometimes the foundations of a way of life are destroyed, the whole personality is rebuilt.

there is a new decrease in the sense of meaningfulness and fullness of being. The phenomenology of the crisis of thirty-year-olds is connected with a reflexive assessment of the path traveled, with an awareness of the possibilities and prospects for further development. Despite the fact that a person may be relatively

satisfied with his life, he begins to feel dissatisfaction with himself, asks about what he is and what he would like to be, realizes that he overestimated something in his life, but underestimated something. That which only yesterday seemed vital and to which a lot of effort was given seems petty, empty, in comparison with what one would like to do. Deep-seated

introspection and critical revision of one's own personality, leading to a reassessment of values.

Sometimes such an internal reassessment leads to a change in profession, to a revision of their relations with those around them, to a change in the way of family life. Such inner work is necessary for a person to realize his place in life. If a person fails to overestimate in time and, if necessary, correct the established way of life, he does not really succeed

The core basis of the process of personality self-determination in a youth crisis is professional activity, prospects for professional growth and career. Men are more severely affected by this crisis than women, due to special social expectations.

regarding the professional career of men. As a rule, a man puts work first. This preference manifests itself in adolescence, in the period of self-determination, when the questions “who to be? what to be? ". But at the age of 30, the issue of professional growth takes on special significance. The thirties of life in public opinion and their own perception are the years when it is necessary to make a career. At the end of the period of initial entry into the profession, its development, with the acquisition of professional knowledge and skills (becoming a professional), a young person needs a real confirmation of his professional achievements. If this does not happen after 4-5 years of independent labor activity, then young man emotional discomfort, unconscious dissatisfaction appear

labor. If the management is late with the realization that the young specialist has already "grown up", artificially slows down his progress, then there is conflict situation, which inevitably leads to a deepening of the crisis of the 30th anniversary. The combination of these disadvantages increases the likelihood of a job change. The most unpleasant thing that can happen to a young man at the age of 30 is complete disappointment in his professional activity.

The way to resolve the crisis depends on the characteristics of the previous period, as well as on individual characteristics; it is closely related to the circumstances of life in general. In the works of psychologists, it is noted that men and women experience the process of revising life goals in different ways in the period from 28 to 33 years. Men may change jobs or change their lifestyles, but their focus on work and career does not change. Women at the turn of their 30s usually change the priorities set in their youth. Women who were previously focused on marriage and parenting are now increasingly attracted to professional goals; at the same time, those who gave their energies to work now tend to channel them into the bosom of family and marriage. Men’s ideas about their future position and about

the world that will surround them is usually simpler and not as heterogeneous as that of women. Women, precisely because of the heterogeneity of their aspirations, find it much more difficult to achieve their goals than men.

By the age of thirty, a person becomes a unique personality, with his own worldview, with his own style of activity, lifestyle, social circle and demeanors. A person is at the top of the development of his intellectual capabilities. He went through a serious school of social and public life.

agespsyh.ru

Youth crisis (27-33 years old): At the age of 27-28, a person enters a period of youth crisis. In that

Youth crisis (27-33 years old)

At the age of 27-28, a person enters a period of youth crisis. During this period, a person for the first time looks back at the past years; young people have a distinct feeling that they have said goodbye to their youth. Looking ahead, a person feels that he is entering a phase when completely different life tasks appear. Such a stop and reflection are manifested in the experience of the feeling that youth has passed and that a new stage in individual life is beginning. Often, the first glance backward, the farewell to youth are painted in sad tones. This happens if the ideas about life that developed between the ages of 20 and 30 turn out to be not entirely correct, life suddenly ceases to seem easy and understandable, sometimes the foundations of a way of life are destroyed, the whole personality is rebuilt.

And by social and psychological standards, a person completes a certain stage of his development by the age of thirty. There is a need (social and personal) to sum up preliminary (intermediate) results and determine the prospects for future life. The first successes and expectations in life are already behind, work and life are becoming everyday, and as a result, there is a new decrease in the sense of meaningfulness and completeness of being. The phenomenology of the crisis of thirty-year-olds is connected with a reflexive assessment of the path traveled, with an awareness of the possibilities and prospects for further development. Despite the fact that a person can be relatively satisfied with his life, he begins to feel dissatisfaction with himself, asks about what he is and what he would like to be, realizes that he overestimated something in his life, but underestimated something. That which only yesterday seemed vital and to which a lot of effort was given seems petty, empty, in comparison with what one would like to do. There is a deep introspection and critical revision of one's own personality, leading to a reassessment of values.

Sometimes such an internal reassessment leads to a change in profession, to a revision of their relations with those around them, to a change in the way of family life.

Such inner work

is necessary for a person to realize his place in life. If a person does not know how to overestimate and, if necessary, correct the established way of life in time, he cannot really change himself and develop further.

The core basis of the process of personality self-determination in a youth crisis is professional activity, prospects for professional growth and career. The harder this

The crisis is experienced by men than women, which is explained by the special social expectations regarding the professional career of men. As a rule, a man puts work first. This preference manifests itself in adolescence, in the period of self-determination, when the questions “who to be? what to be? ". But at the age of 30, the issue of professional growth takes on special significance. The thirties of life in public opinion and their own perception are

years when you need to make a career. At the end of the period of initial entry into the profession, its development, with the acquisition of professional knowledge and skills (becoming a professional), a young person needs a real confirmation of his professional achievements. If this does not happen after 4-5 years of independent labor activity, then the young person develops emotional discomfort, unconscious dissatisfaction with work. If the management is late with the realization that the young specialist has already “grown up”, artificially hinders his advancement, then a conflict situation arises, which inevitably leads to a deepening of the crisis of the 30th anniversary. The combination of these disadvantages increases the likelihood of a job change. The most unpleasant thing that can happen to a young man at the age of 30 is complete disappointment in his professional activity.

Researchers identify the following possible ways to resolve the professional crisis of youth.

1. Termination of professional growth - stabilization at the achieved level, limitation of professional aspirations and the shift of basic motives to other spheres of life.

2. Strengthening one of the sides of professional activity - choosing one of the most successful professional directions and raising qualifications without going beyond its narrow boundaries.

3. Constructive resolution - a professional finds new ways of development, leading to an exit to a qualitatively new, higher professional level.

4. Destructive resolution - a breakdown, expressed in conflicts, job change, trying to start all over again.

The way to resolve the crisis depends on the characteristics of the previous period, as well as on individual characteristics; it is closely related to the circumstances of life in general. In the works of psychologists, it is noted that men and women experience the process of revising life goals in different ways in the period from 28 to 33 years. Men may change jobs or change their lifestyles, but their focus on work and career does not change. Women at the turn of their 30s usually change the priorities set in their youth. Women who were previously focused on marriage and parenting are now increasingly attracted to professional goals; at the same time, those who gave their energies to work now tend to channel them into the bosom of family and marriage. The ideas of men about their future position and about the world that will surround them are usually simpler and not as heterogeneous as those of women. Women, precisely because of the heterogeneity of their aspirations, find it much more difficult to achieve their goals than men.

If a woman says she doesn't like

At the age of 27-28, a person enters a period of youth crisis. During this period, a person first looks back at the years he has lived; young people have a distinct feeling that they have said goodbye to their youth. Looking ahead, a person feels that he is entering a phase when completely different life tasks appear. Such a stop and reflection are manifested in the experience of the feeling that youth has passed and that a new stage in individual life is beginning. Often, the first glance backward, the farewell to youth are painted in sad tones. This happens if the ideas about life that developed between the ages of 20 and 30 turn out to be not entirely correct, life suddenly ceases to seem easy and understandable, sometimes the foundations of a way of life are destroyed, the whole personality is rebuilt.

Sometimes such an internal reassessment leads to a change in profession, to a revision of their relations with those around them, to a change in the way of family life. Such inner work

It is necessary for a person to realize his place in life. If a person does not know how to overestimate and, if necessary, correct the established way of life in time, he cannot really change himself and develop further.

The core basis of the process of personality self-determination in a youth crisis is professional activity, prospects for professional growth and career. The harder this

Years when you need to make a career. At the end of the period of initial entry into the profession, its development, with the acquisition of professional knowledge and skills (becoming a professional), a young person needs a real confirmation of his professional achievements. If this does not happen after 4-5 years of independent labor activity, then the young person develops emotional discomfort, unconscious dissatisfaction with work. If the management is late with the realization that the young specialist has already “grown up”, artificially hinders his advancement, then a conflict situation arises, which inevitably leads to a deepening of the crisis of the 30th anniversary. The combination of these disadvantages increases the likelihood of a job change. The most unpleasant thing that can happen to a young man at the age of 30 is complete disappointment in his professional activity.

Researchers identify the following possible ways to resolve the professional crisis of youth.

1. Termination of professional growth - stabilization at the achieved level, limitation of professional aspirations and the shift of basic motives to other spheres of life.

2. Strengthening one of the sides of professional activity - choosing one of the most successful professional directions and raising qualifications without going beyond its narrow boundaries.

3. Constructive resolution - a professional finds new ways of development, leading to an exit to a qualitatively new, higher professional level.

4. Destructive resolution - a breakdown, expressed in conflicts, job change, trying to start all over again.

The way to resolve the crisis depends on the characteristics of the previous period, as well as on individual characteristics; it is closely related to the circumstances of life in general. In the works of psychologists, it is noted that men and women experience the process of revising life goals in different ways in the period from 28 to 33 years. Men may change jobs or change their lifestyles, but their focus on work and career does not change. Women at the turn of their 30s usually change the priorities set in their youth. Women who were previously focused on marriage and parenting are now increasingly attracted to professional goals; at the same time, those who gave their energies to work now tend to channel them into the bosom of family and marriage. The ideas of men about their future position and about the world that will surround them are usually simpler and not as heterogeneous as those of women. Women, precisely because of the heterogeneity of their aspirations, find it much more difficult to achieve their goals than men.

By the age of thirty, a person becomes a unique personality, with his own worldview, with his own style of activity, lifestyle, social circle and behavior. A person is at the top of the development of his intellectual capabilities. He went through a serious school of social and public life.

Why is there a "club of 27"? Why did such idols as Robert Johnson, Brian Jones, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Jim Morrison, Kurt Cobain die at the age of 27? Now here's Amy Winehouse. Our rock scene also has such losses, you can recall Igor Chumychkin from "Alice" and Alexander Bashlachev. The answer won't be too difficult. But it can't be quite that simple either. It will take some attention. Let's try to figure it out.

Human life is cyclical. Probably because the life of nature is cyclical, of which man is a part. The earth revolves around the sun and on its axis, day follows night, year after year, each time passing in the same boundaries. There are four seasons within the year. Notice four, not three or five. The calendar can be different for different peoples, the number of months in a year and days in a month is recognized as different, but it seems that there are always four seasons. There is a day. And there is a year.

Man lives in these cycles. It is associated with the cycles of planet Earth, but not only with them. Perhaps a person is influenced by the cycles of other celestial bodies, the cycles of interaction between the Earth and various constellations. Such influence is assumed by astrologers, but is not scientifically proven. Possibly influenced by the cycles of solar activity. Seems like 11 years old. However, a person has his own biological cycles, and socio-cultural cycles, and such cycles that can be called anthropological, cycles of human life.

My guess is that life is divided into a series of large, overlapping periods. The fact that they overlap is extremely important. Including because this is what makes them so difficult to establish.

There are three or four of these cycles. It all depends on how long a person is designed for. Not a specific person, but a person in general, an ideal type of person, a person as a representative of the species Homo sapiens. If we adhere to the current version that a person should live 120 years, then four large cycles are ideal. Overlapping for 40 years. Each of these periods corresponds to those environments and substances that form human life. Man is a biological, social, cultural and personal being. Nature, society, culture and personality are four environments of his existence, four worlds to which a person adapts throughout his life, four spheres of his interests and active activity.

The first 40 years of life, a person activates and realizes his natural potential. For the second 40 years he has been living as a social dominant. In the third 40 years, a person is formed as a cultural unit. Well, a unit of that culture with which he really interacts all his life. The world of culture is diverse. The last, fourth, forty years have been given to man in order, apparently, to deal with himself and try to connect himself biological with himself social and cultural himself. Or maybe not to connect everyone together, but to understand what else is in it, besides natural properties, social dependencies and cultural settings. The personality of a person as an environment for a person's existence - this certainly sounds strange. But, perhaps, precisely because we have little information about this period of human life?

According to the years of life, it looks like this:

1.natural cycle - 0-39 years;

2. social cycle - 27-66 years;

3. cultural cycle - 54-93 years;

4. personal cycle - 81-120 years.

As you can see, 27 years old have appeared. At the age of 27, the unequivocal dominance of a natural, biological basis in human life ends. The reorientation of a person from natural to social interests begins. With all the ensuing consequences. Well, at least with these: a person by this time more or less clearly knows or feels that the talents that he has, those abilities, of the most general plan, which at that moment he had revealed, is what it is available for later life. No more news in this sense is expected in the foreseeable future. The period of discovering something fundamentally new in oneself is over. Then there will be everything that has already happened.

The thirteenth birthday of 27-39 years in general is perhaps the most difficult and difficult in a person's life. And it is so arranged that in the first year of any thirteen-year-old, a person seems to experience, in general terms, the entire thirteen-year period. In fact, this year he is clearly or implicitly aware of all the problems that will arise before him, which will have to be solved in the coming years. And in the rough, in the most general terms, it solves them. Different people, with different talents, abilities and capabilities, experience it in their own way. Someone is tense, someone is imperceptible. Someone does not succeed at all.

This, of course, is not the whole analysis, this is just the beginning. Preliminary, basic foundations. 40-year cycles are the most common. The pattern of the weaving of the loops is quite complex. The cycles of human life are 1 year, 4 years, 13 years, 40 years, 120 years. And each cycle has an internal semantic structure.

So human life is cyclical. There is a general cycle of human life, supposedly 120 years. It consists of four overlapping large cycles: natural (0-39 years old), social (27-66 years old), cultural (54-93 years old), personal (81-120 years old). The name of the cycle indicates the dominant adaptation task facing a person at this time. On the main sphere of interests and real life tasks inherent in this period.

In the natural (biological) period, human attention is focused mainly on natural needs and motives to the detriment of social, cultural, and personal. Man strives to define and realize his natural potential. Realize and realize their biological needs to the detriment of everything else. This is where the social shocking of young people comes from. And the desire of adolescents for freedom, disregard of generally accepted norms and rules. And the denial of adult culture. And rebellion. And disregard for the long-term consequences of their own actions. And some immorality, which is generally inherent in children and adolescents.

Biological needs - nutrition, security, cognitive, manipulative and playful activity, growing up (assertion as an independent, self-sufficient individual), sex (including creating a married couple), reproduction (creating your own family). These needs weigh on a person up to 40 years old. One way or another, they must be satisfied.

Then comes the period of social dominance. Social needs are activities in the social system (work, labor) for a certain part of social resources, mature creativity, the measure of which is not only material reward, but also social recognition; struggle for social status, for a place in the social hierarchy; orientation to the expression of the interests of the family and / or society. The problems, as we can see, are completely different. But the social period begins at the age of 27. Therefore, from the age of 27 to 39, a person lives in a situation where natural and social principles, natural and social motives and interests are sharply fighting in him.

This is due to the fact that 40-year periods are structured in the same way as life in general. Each 40-year cycle of human life is divided into four 13-year cycles. These cycles have their own nature.

Man differs from animals in one essential property. He carries out systematic purposeful activities. The animal does not engage in activity, the animal solves the current problem in real time. If he wants to eat, he seeks and finds food. Wants to sleep - chooses a safe place and falls asleep. Unlike a person who creates a whole food production system that functions on an ongoing basis. Or builds not only individual housing, but entire settlements and cities. This is probably one of the most important human characteristics. He is an active being. And the activity has several aspects, its organization forces us to answer several questions. The first is who will do it? Second, what does he want to get? The next one is how can he achieve this? And, finally, who will he be, having accepted such goals and such means of activity?

13-year intersecting cycles are actually an activity-based sequence of solving the problem facing a person in a given large forty-year period. The first, natural forty-year cycle looks like this:

1. 0-12 years - the formation of a biological individual, that is, a preliminary design of the one who will further solve the problem of natural adaptation; exit to the start;

2. 9-21 years - the period for determining the goals of biological adaptation; at this time, a person is determined with those problems that will be most important for him: whether he will be focused on simple life support, or on sex, or on reproduction and providing for a family, or on cognitive activity, or on play or activity creativity; in fact, each person has all these needs, and a positive decision to satisfy each of them is desirable, but this is not always possible; very important, central period;

3. 18-30 years - the period of finding out the means of natural adaptation that this particular person has; a person realizes that his goals require from him certain qualities that need to be found and fixed in himself, that a certain lifestyle is required, some sacrifices and restrictions are inevitable; otherwise, the goals may not be achieved;

4. 27-39 years - the time of the final formation of a natural person, focused on his chosen goals with the help of one or another means found by him, specialization.

The second, social period, like the last two, cultural and personal, looks the same, just problems of a different kind are being solved. But the beginning of the social cycle is directly related to the topic, so it is desirable to describe the social cycle. Let's do it:

1.27-39 years - the formation of a social individual; a person enters social life and receives a preliminary social appearance and some initial social positions, realizing that social life is something special, and it is necessary to adapt to it in a special way;

2. 36-48 - defining their social goals: work in society, or social connections and hierarchy, or transformation of society, etc.; of course, here, too, it is desirable to meet the needs in social resources, in social recognition, and in a high hierarchical position, however, a comprehensive solution is not given to everyone;

3. 45-57 - finding out the social means available at the moment to achieve the set social goals;

4. 54-66 - assertion as a social subject, realizing certain goals by certain means.

Of course, experiencing all these cycles does not stand in our conscious life plan. A person in most cases is focused on current problems. At best, these problems provide perspective. But this plan still exists, and all the big questions of the current life that arise before us have their relation to it. Unconsciously, confused, difficult, we are making our way to the solution of the planned problems of our adaptation and our personal development.

In the period of 27-39 years, a person has to face the fact that, on the one hand, he completes his natural self-determination. This is not very pleasant. Because, as I wrote above, usually it is not possible to succeed in everything, to hit all natural goals, to implement all the options for natural development. For example, a person was so carried away by creativity that he did not marry (the girl did not marry). Or the person has confidently solved the problem of life support, the life is adjusted and provided. But I don’t like work, I don’t like creative, cognitive, playful self-realization, it’s boring. And / or no children, families themselves. And / or continuous casual and temporary sexual relationships that have ceased to please. Etc. Moreover, it is not clear what to do next. Because a person feels that he has specialized. What works, it turns out without serious effort, by itself. And what does not work out, you cannot approach at all.

On the other hand, the social period begins. Its initial, rather vague stage. Public life makes its own demands. The strength and time to complete what began in the natural period is gone. In addition, it is generally quite difficult to readjust to other principles, other motives of life. Moreover, at first these principles are often perceived as a necessity imposed from the outside, and not their own interest.

In general, on the one hand, you need to complete the natural period, make ends meet in yourself, try to accept your achievements, which is relatively easy, and your failures, which is rather difficult. During this period, many are trying to seize on some last, as it seems to them, opportunities, often forcing themselves to what they, having had time, would never have done. For a woman, this is often - marrying an unloved but reliable person. For a man - to quit rushing and dangling, to take up the mind, for a reliable money job, which he does not like.

On the other hand, social reality is a pretty harsh thing, if not harsh. It has its own mechanics, its own rhythms, its own strength. If a person does not even imagine an extra-natural, extra-biological life, then he simply carries life outside society and its rules, a free, independent life at the time of entering the period of social adaptation. It is not over yet, its illusion is still present. And the more the feeling of lost freedom, the less attractive social peace dictating his terms to a person. Crisis, difficult 13 years. No wonder after forty there is a completely different attitude to life.

And it all begins in those notorious 27 years. Why 27 years can be a critical year - in the next, final part.

At the age of 27, a rational view of things prevails. Many have been married / married for several years, life has acquired stability. The emotional and mental state is stabilized. The family and a stable prosperous social position are of the main value. The main activity is social: raising children, work, social activities.

For a 27-year-old woman, it often becomes a turning point. Previously, she paid all attention to the family, the child, but now the child goes to school or Kindergarten and the girl returns to her dream. Many at this time go to work or radically change their field of activity.

Physiology of age

A person at the age of 27 is considered fully formed and mature. All organs are in excellent condition and are working properly. The state of the body depends on the specifics of a person's labor activity. In accordance with the chosen specifics, the corresponding qualities will also develop: the driver's vision, the scientist's brain activity, the athlete's agility, strength and endurance.

Age statistics

The population of the Russian Federation in this age period (25-29 years) is 11165 thousand people. Of these, 5576 thousand are men, 5589 thousand are women.

Of the population of this age group employed in the Russian economy, only 12.9%

Were you born in 1992 or 1993

1992 - February 2. In many CIS countries began economic reform, which consisted in price liberalization - the abolition of centralized price controls.

The beginning of the era of GSM communication. This year, Germany launched a GSM communication system, which was later used as a prototype for many operators around the world.

The 4th of October. Government tanks are shooting The White house in Moscow. The incident killed 150 people. The system of power in Russia has changed dramatically. This was the beginning of the creation of a presidential-parliamentary republic.

12 December. Referendum on the adoption of the Constitution Russian Federation... 58.4% of citizens supported the adoption.

1994 - January 31st. The first images were shown from the Hubble Space Telescope, which photographs galaxies at an early stage of their development.

the 6th of May. A tunnel under the English Channel was opened, connecting England and France. The total length of the tunnel is 50 kilometers, 38 kilometers under the sea itself.

December 11th. Fighting began in the Chechen Republic. The fighting begins by the troops of the Russian Federation. The hostilities did not stop until an agreement was signed to end the war in Khasavyurt (until 08/30/1996).

The first book on CD appeared in the USA. By the end of the year, most of the encyclopedias had been created or translated into this format.

1995 - 20th of March. In the Tokyo subway in Japan, nerve gas was used, the victims of which were 5 thousand people, 12 people died. On May 16, Soko Asahara, the leader of the religious sect Aum Shinrikyo, was arrested.

The first artificial liver was tested by German surgeon Peter Neu Hauz.

1996 - 4th of July. B.N. Yeltsin becomes president of the Russian Federation for the second time. This is the first time that the same person has been re-elected to the post of President of Russia.

A test for the detection of AIDS has begun to be used. The proteins produced by the virus were detected in the blood, which made it possible to diagnose the disease at an early stage.

1997 - February 22. Scottish scientists announced the birth of the only surviving embryo, a clone of an adult sheep. Dolly was born on July 5, 1996 without abnormalities and lived until February 14, 2003 as an ordinary sheep.

4th of July. A rover designed to collect and analyze Martian soils has landed on the surface of Mars.

1998 - August 17th. In Russia, the ruble depreciated, which led to an exacerbation of the economic crisis. The country's government has resigned.

September 24. The first transplantation of a deceased patient's limb to a living one took place. In the city of Lyon, France, a hand and forearm were transplanted.

12 December. In the United States, the first child organ transplant operation was performed. A three-year-old boy from Florida at a Pennsylvania hospital received a heart, lung and liver transplant.

1999 - January 1st. Most of the countries of the European Union have switched to settlements in the new European currency - the euro.

March 24. The first NATO air raid was carried out on Yugoslavia. The US invaded a sovereign state that was not threatened by a third party.

2000 - 26 March. Election of V.V. Putin to the post of President of the Russian Federation. Official inauguration took place on May 7.

A robotic developmental doll was created in the USA. She knew how to talk, laugh, cry, blink, make grimaces. In the process of communicating with people, she increased her vocabulary and reached the developmental level of a two-year-old child.

The first medicinal products were created in Novosibirsk, to the usual name of which the prefix "Bifido" was added. They contain a liquid concentrate of bifidobacteria, which have a positive effect on the intestinal microflora, prevent the development of pathogenic microbes and nourish the body with B vitamins and vitamin K. Such products quickly gained popularity among customers.

2001 - January 15. There was an official launch of the English site Wikipedia - a resource that today has become an assistant in the rapid acquisition of encyclopedic data in all areas of life.

11 September. The largest terrorist act in the history of the world has been committed in the United States. As a result, the Pentagon was damaged, the Trade Center was destroyed, and the loss of life was about three thousand people.

2002 - January 1st. The European Union introduced euro coins and banknotes, which became the single currency for most EU countries and played an important role in stabilizing the global European economy.

October. Recovery began 50 years later railroad between North and South Korea.

October 23. In Moscow, Russia, Chechen terrorists took hostages at the Nord-Ost theater center on Dubrovka. 3 days later, on October 26, during the assault by special forces, all the terrorists were killed. One of the hostages died from a bullet wound, the remaining 116 people died from the effects of the gas used during the assault.

2004 - Bloodless revolutions took place in Georgia, Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, as a result of which more democratic leaders came to power.

The 1 of May. The European Union expanded its scope by adding ten new countries.

2005 - 5 January. Discovered Eris - the largest of the dwarf planets in our solar system.

2006 - March 29. On the territory of Russia, the first total eclipse of the sun could be observed in the 21st.

24 August. Scientists have stripped Pluto of planetary status. This decision was made at the congress of the International Union of Astronomers in Prague, Czech Republic.

2007 - Geneticists have discovered modifications in the human body that are responsible for the development of certain diseases. It became possible, after DNA analysis, to identify a predisposition to certain diseases.

November 4th. Presidential elections were held in the United States. The head of state was the first black president in the history of the state - Barack Obama.

2009 - August 17th. There was a disaster at the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station. Hundreds of people became victims. The cause of the malfunction was a series of defects and a failure in the redistribution of electricity in the power system.

2010 - 18th of March. Russian mathematician Grigory Perelman proved Poincaré's conjecture, which was considered one of the unsolvable Problems of the Millennium. For this, the Clay Mathematical Institute awarded him a prize of $ 1 million, which he refused.

April 10th. A plane crash occurred over Smolensk, in which Lech Kaczynski, the President of Poland, his wife Maria Kaczynska, the high military command, Polish politicians, as well as religious and public figures (97 people in total), died.

The first living cell was created, in which its own DNA was replaced with artificially created DNA. Humanity has received new tools for the development of technologies for the artificial cultivation of organs.

2011 - 11th of March. In Japan, off the northeast coast, there was an earthquake, which reached 8.9 in magnitude. As a result of the earthquake, a devastating tsunami occurred, as a result of which over 15 thousand people died, several thousand are considered missing.

May 2. Was killed Osama bin Laden - terrorist "number 1" in the world, the leader of al-Qaeda, who, in particular, is considered responsible for the terrorist attack "September 11".

September 7. A plane crash of an international charter flight took place near Yaroslavl. On board the plane was the team of the hockey club "Lokomotiv", which flew to Minsk. 44 people died, only one survived.

2012 - February 21. In Moscow, in the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, a scandalous punk prayer service by the PussyRiot group took place, three members of which were detained by the police.

December 1. Russia topped the Big Twenty (G20) - a forum of representatives of countries with the most developed economies: Australia, Japan, Argentina, South Africa, Brazil, South Korea, Great Britain, France, Germany, Turkey, India, USA, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, Italy, Mexico, Canada, China.

2013 - February, 15. In the Urals, a meteorite fell - the largest celestial body that collided with the Earth's surface after the Tunguska meteorite. Because of the "Chelyabinsk" meteorite (it exploded in the vicinity of Chelyabinsk), 1,613 people were injured.

February, 15. Asteroid 2012 DA14 flew by at a minimum distance from planet Earth (27,000 km). In the entire history of astronomy, this was the closest distance.

18th of March. Vladimir V. Putin signed an agreement on the admission of the Crimean Peninsula and Sevastopol to Russia. This agreement begins to operate from the moment of ratification by the Federal Assembly - March 21.

2015 - Jan. 7. A terrorist attack took place in the office of the satirical magazine "Charlie Hebdo" in Paris, based on a cartoon of the Prophet Mohammed previously published in the magazine. 12 people were killed, 11 people were wounded.

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