When to collect medicinal plants. What herbs when to collect
COLLECTION, DRYING
(STABILIZATION) OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AND PRESERVATION OF RAW MATERIALS OBTAINED FROM THEM
Herbal raw materials and medicines can be obtained from both cultivated and wild plants. A significant part of herbal medicinal raw materials in many countries are currently obtained from cultivated plants. In Bulgaria, with the exception of essential oil crops, the main source of raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry and medicinal plants is the natural resources of these plants. However, their natural deposits are constantly decreasing or depleted, which is why it is necessary to direct efforts to obtain raw materials from cultivated plants. It is known that plants introduced into cultivation have a number of advantages - a large yield, a higher content of biologically active substances, mechanized harvesting, etc.
For drying (stabilization), either the aerial parts of the whole plant or its individual organs are collected and processed into medicinal raw materials.
From the moment of tearing off, significant biochemical changes begin to occur in the plant and in its corresponding organ. With the right direction of these biochemical changes, the required composition of the collected and dried raw materials can be obtained. In some cases, changes occur under the influence of enzymes, especially during drying. For the medicinal composition in them, the time of the year during the collection and the drying conditions are also important.
The collection is carried out in daylight and sunny times.
It is advisable to collect medicinal plants during sunny and daylight hours and at a suitable time of the year, manually or mechanically. When picking by hand, herbs, leaves and flowers are placed in containers adapted for this (baskets, bags, boxes, etc.), taking care not to crush or squeeze them, and then quickly transfer them to a place for drying. If transport is difficult, then the collected parts of plants are spread in closed rooms in a thin layer on shelves, floors, etc. There plant material can remain no longer than 10-12 hours.
When collecting and drying wild plants, it is especially important to keep several specimens in the field. For example, if the rhizomes and roots are harvested before the seeds are ripe, the plant will not be able to multiply and will disappear from this place. When collecting the stems, you cannot pull out the entire plant from the soil, but only the above-ground parts of it need to be cut off.
To preserve the natural deposit, the collection of wild medicinal plants should be carried out periodically using different sites.
When from herbaceous plants use only underground organs (tubers, roots and rhizomes); when collecting, the aboveground part of the plant should be cut off and discarded. When it is necessary to take only the aerial part of the herbaceous plants, as already mentioned, it is advisable to cut off only it when collecting, without eradicating the entire plant.
Flowers, leaves and fruits are picked one at a time by hand or using suitable tools (scissors, knife, etc.). If, when harvested, the medicinal plant is the stems of herbaceous plants, especially cultivated ones, they must be mowed with a scythe, sickle or reaping machine.
The season is of particular importance.
The time of the year in which the collection takes place is of particular importance. Biochemical processes constantly occur in the plant and the collection must be carried out exactly at such a moment when a composition with the most favorable pharmacological effect is formed in it. To achieve this goal, certain rules must be followed when collecting and drying. So, for example, above-ground organs (flowers, leaves, the entire above-ground part) are harvested during the flowering period of the plant, and underground organs (roots, rhizomes and tubers) are harvested in the spring, when the growing season has not yet begun, or is collected in the fall, when it is already coming to an end. ... The listed rules for the collection of medicinal raw materials, in most cases, however, do not take into account the characteristics of individual plants and conditions, the time of collection of which affects the increase or decrease of biologically active substances during one growing season. Therefore, to determine when the plant is acc. given parts of it. are in "pharmacological maturity", that is, when they contain the largest number medicinal substances, it is necessary to trace in quantitative terms the accumulation of substances during the growing season. If a medicinal substance belongs to the category of reserve substances, which are, for example, mucous substances and carbohydrates in general, then the raw material - an underground organ, of course, should be collected in the fall, since during this final growing season, when collecting, underground organs are richest in reserve substances. However, if the active ingredient belongs to the group of re-formed substances, for example, alkaloids, this rule does not need to be followed during collection. For example, belladonna roots during this period are also the richest in starch, but its alkaloids are found in greater quantities in the roots collected before the onset of autumn (in comparison with their content in autumn roots). This example, like many others, shows that a suitable season for collecting medicinal plants should be determined taking into account the pharmacological maturity of the plant. It is also important to collect plants and in what part of the day the medicinal plant will be harvested. It is known, for example, that the biological activity of plants containing cardiac glycosides decreases at night due to the breakdown of glycosides and increases again during the day at the beginning of assimilation, that is, biosynthesis of glycosides. It reaches its maximum in the afternoon and this is the most suitable time for harvesting such plants.
The collected plants or their organs, immediately after collection, are processed in order to preserve, that is, to bring them into a state during which, during storage before industrial processing or use in a pharmacy, there will be no change in their composition.
Some raw materials are not canned because they contain components that decompose during this process. Such raw materials are processed into pharmaceuticals while still fresh. Most of different types collected raw materials can be preserved; its purpose is to inactivate enzymes contained in fresh plant material, which will favor the decomposition of biologically active substances in medicinal raw materials.
For some time after harvesting, the plant organ continues to live, albeit under completely changed metabolic conditions. Deep changes in tissues begin when, due to the loss of moisture, a state of withering has occurred, in which tissue cells gradually die, that is, they cease to be regularly functioning systems in metabolism. The enzymes contained in them, which no longer take part in the biochemical processes of living tissue, spontaneously catalyze the decay of labile substances contained in the cell. Hence, it can be seen that the changes that occur when the fresh part of the plant is converted into medicinal raw materials play a huge role.
Enzyme activity depends to a large extent on the concentration of hydrogen ions in the plant. They are usually quite active at a pH between 7 and 10. Some enzymes are also activated in an acidic environment.
Sometimes the effect of enzymes on medicinal substances contained in fresh plants is favorable for their pharmacological effect, and in other cases, the changes that have taken place are undesirable. In the first case, this effect can be enhanced by preliminary fermentation, and in the second case, if this is undesirable and worsens the composition and activity of the medicinal raw material, it is necessary to proceed to rapid drying or stabilization of the raw material. For example, the formation of coumarins as a result of enzymatic effects in plants containing them, the conversion of reduced anthraquinones into anthraquinones under the action of oxidative enzymes, the hydrolysis breakdown of the glycoside sinigrin, etc. - all these are cases of desired fermentation changes, as a result of which the medicinal raw material acquires a therapeutic effect.
In other cases, however, the past enzymatic processes lead to the breakdown of the active substances and to the limitation or termination of their therapeutic effect. The effect of enzymes has a harmful effect on labile glycosides, which are contained in the foxglove raw materials, on the alkaloids of hyoscyamine medicinal substances, etc. Such types of decomposition are prevented by inactivation of enzymes, as a result of which the so-called. stabilized medicinal raw materials. Various methods of stabilizing raw materials have been proposed: the fresh part of the plant in an enclosed space is exposed to hot vapors of alcohol or chloroform, after which the raw material is dried; in the event that water vapor does not change the composition of the raw material, stabilization can also be carried out under the influence of water vapor.
In stabilized raw materials, enzymes are inactivated and cannot be reactivated. Stabilization by these methods is a radical way of preserving raw materials, but due to the fact that this is an expensive process, they prefer to preserve it by drying. This removes water from the fresh part of the plant, due to which the action of enzymes is not eliminated, but only delayed. When the raw materials are moistened, conditions are again created for the activation of enzymes and the possibility of decomposition processes.
Generally very difficult or almost impossible to keep chemical composition and the biological effect of fresh plant parts is completely unaltered in the raw material. Mainly, when drying and preserving, one should strive to prevent a sensitive loss of active ingredients and preserve their therapeutic effect.
Fresh plant parts must be carefully cleaned before drying. Mechanical impurities are removed from underground organs by immersing them for a short time in running water and then shaking them vigorously. When the roots and rhizomes are not cleaned in this way, a high mineral content is found in them, which reduces the effect of the raw material. From some roots, according to the requirements of the pharmacopoeia, it is necessary to scrape off the bark before drying, which can very easily be done immediately after removing them from the soil. This manipulation facilitates further powdering, since most of the bast fibers have been removed.
The aboveground parts of the plant, before drying them, should be cleaned of foreign parts of the same or other plants that have got into them during collection.
After cleaning, the raw material is dried. Proper drying should be carried out taking into account the chemistry of the active components in the raw material. Drying of caked and fermented material is not allowed. It is necessary to dry herbal medicinal raw materials quickly at the temperature set for a given type and composition of raw materials. Experiments have shown that the most suitable temperature for drying raw materials is about 50 ° C. At this temperature, the effect of enzymes weakens or stops completely. In some cases, it is recommended to start drying at a higher temperature, and then at a temperature of about 50 ° C.
Fast drying is carried out in special drying chambers, elevator
5 Modern herbal medicine
dryers, vacuum dryers, etc., which are equipped with devices for temperature regulation. It is especially necessary to dry juicy fruits containing vitamins very quickly. In this case, the temperature can be increased to 70 ° - 90 ° C, due to which a significant part of the vitamins is preserved. It is also necessary to dry quickly both raw materials containing cardiac glycosides and raw materials containing alkaloids. At a temperature of 50'C and good air ventilation, the raw material is dried without changing its medicinal composition.
Parts of plants containing essential oils are dried slowly, spreading them out in a thicker layer, at a temperature not higher than 25-30 ° C. Under such conditions, during the drying of medicinal raw materials, the content of essential oil may increase, and the quality of the oil may improve. Also allow slow drying and raw materials, the active components of which are characterized by stability and do not lend themselves easily to enzymatic degradation.
Under the influence of direct sunlight, green leaves and colored flowers become discolored - they become yellow, brown, pale, etc. Such types of raw materials, which have lost their natural color, are unsuitable for consumption. On a straight line sunlight you can dry parts of the plant that do not contain dyes - seeds, roots, bark, rhizome, etc.
Slow drying
Slow drying is carried out in the open air and in rooms adapted for this purpose. With this method of drying the material nice results observed in areas with dry and warm climates. The raw materials that are dried are spread in a thin layer on wooden frames with a mesh bottom, which provides better ventilation when the frames are positioned one above the other during drying; dry until the plant parts become brittle and lose their elasticity.
Colored buds - Gemmae, dried at a moderate temperature, spreading them in a thin layer and stirring frequently to avoid mold and caking.
Leaves - Folia, spread in a thin layer during the drying process. More large leaves spread each separately.
Flowers - Flores, are also spread in a thin layer to avoid the need to mix them during the drying process.
Herbs - Herbae, usually tied in small bundles, which are hung in a dry, warm and ventilated drying room. This method is not recommended in all cases, since often the leaves of the inner stems in a bunch darken. Then they are dried, just like the leaves and flowers.
Unsweetened fruits and seeds - Fructus et semina, such as plants of the family. Umbrella, mustard, flax, etc., contain a small amount of moisture and there is no need for special conditions to dry them. It is enough to keep them in a ventilated area after they have been dried in the sun or in a drying room.
Juicy fruits - Fructus, are best dried in a tumble dryer until they stop sticking to each other.
Bark - Cortices, when fresh contain a small amount of water compared to other parts of the plant, and it is easier to dry - outdoors or in ventilated areas.
Roots, rhizomes, tubers, bulbs - Radices, Rhizomata, Tubera, Bulbi, dried after cleaning. Thick roots and rhizomes, if they are not cut, must be dried at a low temperature (about 40 ° C), while ensuring uniform evaporation from their inner and outer parts without discoloration and without the decomposition of active substances. Uncut and thick roots dry slowly. Thin or chopped thick roots dry out much faster.
A method of drying medicinal raw materials under infrared light has been introduced. In this case, infrared rays penetrate into the plant material, as a result of which the drying process occurs very quickly. However, this method is difficult to use when large quantities raw materials.
Medicinal raw materials can be dried by lyophilization. This method is used when drying plant materials, the active components of which are especially easily degraded. Lyophilization is carried out at low temperature (about 20 ° C). The moisture content of the dried material is only 2-4.5%. It was found that with this method of drying medicinal raw materials containing tropane alkaloids, there is a higher percentage of alkaloids than in raw materials dried at 50 ° C.
In the process of drying, the raw material is preserved, but its complete stabilization is not guaranteed, as a result of which some authors believe that galenic preparations (tinctures, extracts, etc.) are more advanced forms in which the therapeutic factor is in a more stable form. Now highly purified preparations are also used, which are more stable than galenic ones. Recently, dry (atomized) aqueous extracts from raw materials - dispersions - have been introduced into practice in Bulgaria.
Pure substances isolated from raw materials have significant advantages in comparison with them or with galenic preparations prepared from raw materials, since only in this form can their therapeutic effect be preserved and controlled. However, this effect does not always coincide with the pharmacological effect of medicinal raw materials. Therefore, a dosage form is introduced into therapy, which has the most favorable pharmacological effect, which is achieved experimentally. Sometimes the composition of raw materials during drying changes under the influence of other factors that are not of biological origin. Thus, acidic substances formed during drying can cause racemization of optically active components that are contained in a "fresh plant."
After drying, the raw material is subjected to new cleaning, sorting, final drying, acc. shredding and packaging. The purpose of the last cleaning is to remove from the raw material foreign parts of plants that have accidentally got into it or parts that have lost their natural color during drying. The raw material is finally dried so that the moisture content in it meets the required pharmacopoeia or standards. Overdrying should not be allowed, since such raw materials easily break down and turn into powder (especially leaves, flowers) during packaging and transport.
Sorting is carried out according to the instructions of the standards for various qualities of the same type of raw material (I, II and III) and, depending on the purpose, pharmaceutical or industrial raw materials.
Pharmacy or industrial raw materials
Medicinal raw materials (except for some small fruits and seeds) are used in pharmacy practice or at pharmaceutical factories in a chopped state or crushed into powder. For cutting, use special cutting machines, mills, sieves, etc. in the premises designated for this. Some types of raw materials - leaves, flowers, roots and rhizomes are pressed for greater convenience and to avoid losses. Do not press leathery leaves, small flowers, some rhizomes and roots. Grinding of medicinal raw materials during pressing is insignificant; in this way, mold is avoided if the raw material contains moisture within acceptable limits.
When packaging raw materials, the packaging material is also important. Sliced and ground types of raw materials intended for pharmacies are packed, depending on their nature, in ordinary or double (with an inner layer of parchment paper) bags or well-closed boxes. Types of medicinal raw materials intended for processing are packed in bags, bales, paper bags, etc.
Medicinal raw materials in pharmacies and warehouses must be stored in such conditions,
Thus, when drying medicinal plants, an important requirement must be observed - that the storage room for raw materials is dry, clean and ventilated with a clean, durable wooden floor. Individual packages cannot be stacked on top of each other, but must be laid out on shelves so that they can be taken and inspected at any time without stirring. However, some raw materials that are particularly hygroscopic or contain essential oils are best stored in sealable containers. According to the rules and requirements of the pharmacopoeia, poisonous and highly active agents must be stored separately from the rest, in special cabinets that are locked with a key.
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LOTS OF USEFUL INFORMATION ON THE SITES:
http://www.medunica.info/index.htm
http://www.gulnara.narod.ru/
http://znaxapb.ru/sbor_trav.html
http://www.lifekod.ru/zizn/item/134-sbor_rasteny
http://www.fialca.ru/calendar/
APRIL
Collection of plants in April
Birch - juice, buds
Lingonberry - leaves
Highlander serpentine - rhizomes
Elecampane tall - rhizomes with roots
Oak - bark
Viburnum vulgaris - bark
Buckthorn alder - bark
Pine - buds
Black poplar - buds
MAY
Collecting plants in May
Spring adonis - herb
Hawthorn red - flowers, fruits
Lingonberry - leaves
Oak - bark
Viburnum vulgaris - bark
Stinging nettle - leaves
Buckthorn alder - bark
Buckthorn brittle - bark
Burdock large - roots
Dandelion - grass, roots
Comfrey - roots
Male fern - rhizome
Shepherd's bag - grass
Spring primrose - leaves, flowers
Peony evading - roots
Creeping wheatgrass - rhizomes
Black currant - leaves
Pine - needles, buds
Common bearberry - leaves
Black poplar - buds
Violet tricolor - grass
Field horsetail - grass
Horseradish - roots
Bird cherry - flowers
JUNE
Collecting plants in June
Spring adonis - herb
Marsh rosemary - leafy branches
Black henbane - leaves
Warty birch - leaves, buds
Hawthorn red - flowers, fruits
Blue cornflower - flowers
Three-leaf watch - leaves
Highlander bird - grass
Angelica officinalis - roots
Jaundice gray - grass
Icelandic lichen - thallus
European hoof - leaves
Stinging nettle - leaves
May lily of the valley - grass, leaves, flowers
Heart-shaped linden - flowers
Burdock large - roots
Mother and stepmother - flowers, leaves
Dandelion - grass, roots
Comfrey - roots
Sowing parsnip - grass
Shepherd's bag - grass
Peony evading - roots
Big plantain - leaves
Common plantain - grass
Bitter wormwood - leaves
Pine - needles, buds
Mushroom mire - grass
Creeping thyme - herb
Common caraway - herb
Violet tricolor - grass
Field horsetail - grass
Horseradish - roots
Bird cherry - flowers, fruits
Blueberry - Leaves
Greater celandine - grass
Orchis - tuber roots
JULY
Collecting plants in July
Spring adonis - herb
Marsh calamus - grass
Marsh rosemary - grass
Black henbane - leaves, buds
Warty birch - leaves
Blue cornflower - flowers
Three-leaf watch - leaves
Blueberries - fruits
Highlander pepper - herb
Highlander pochuyny - grass
Melilotus officinalis - herb
Oregano ordinary - herb
Angelica officinalis - roots
Jaundice gray - grass
Larkspur retina - grass
St. John's wort - grass
Wild strawberries - fruits, leaves
Small centaury - grass
Viburnum vulgaris - fruits
Narrow-leaved fireweed - grass
European hoof - leaves
Stinging nettle - leaves
Heart-shaped linden - inflorescences
Burdock large - roots
Bulb onion - onion
Common toadflax - grass
Common raspberry - fruits, leaves
Mother and stepmother - flowers, leaves
Field mint - grass
Male fern - rhizomes
Sowing parsnip - grass
Shepherd's bag - grass
Peony evading - roots
Siberian fir - buds, needles
Clavate crimson - grass, spores
Big plantain - leaves
Common plantain - grass
Bitter wormwood - grass, leaves
Common wormwood - grass
Motherwort five-lobed - grass
Fragrant chamomile - flower baskets
Black currant - fruits
Forest pine - needles, buds
Mushroom mire - grass
Creeping thyme - herb
Common caraway - fruits
Common bearberry - leaves
Violet tricolor - grass
Field horsetail - grass
Horseradish - roots
Three-part succession - grass
Blueberries - fruits
Greater celandine - grass
Rosehip cinnamon - flowers, fruits
Orchis - tuber roots
AUGUST
Collection of plants in August
Spring adonis - herb
Marsh calamus - rhizomes, grass
Marsh rosemary - grass
Sandy immortelle - inflorescences
Hawthorn red - flowers, fruits
Blueberries - fruits
Highlander pochuyny - grass
Melilotus officinalis - herb
Oregano ordinary - herb
Angelica officinalis - roots
Jaundice gray - grass
Small centaury - grass
Calendula officinalis (marigold) - inflorescences
Narrow-leaved fireweed - grass
Sceptre mullein - corolla of flowers
Stinging nettle - leaves
Common groundwort - grass, roots
Icelandic lichen - thallus
Burdock large - roots
Bulb onion - onion
Common raspberry - fruits
Mother and stepmother - flowers, leaves
Sowing carrots - seeds, roots
Dandelion officinalis - herb, roots
Comfrey officinalis - roots
Male fern - rhizomes
Shepherd's bag - grass
Garden parsley - grass, roots
Common tansy - inflorescences
Peony evading - roots
Clavate crimson - grass, spores
Big plantain - leaves
Bitter wormwood - herb
Fragrant chamomile - flower baskets
Rowan ordinary - fruits
Cyanosis blue - rhizomes
Forest pine - needles, buds
Mushroom mire - grass
Common caraway - fruits
Common bearberry - leaves
Yarrow - herb
Violet tricolor - grass
Field horsetail - grass
Common hops - cones
Horseradish - roots
Three-part succession - grass
Bird cherry - fruits
Blueberries - fruits
Common garlic - bulbs
Greater celandine - grass
Rosehip cinnamon - fruits
SEPTEMBER
Collecting plants in September
Valerian officinalis - rhizomes
Highlander serpentine - rhizomes
Calendula officinalis (marigold) - inflorescences
Viburnum vulgaris - bark, fruits
Cranberries - fruits
Stinging nettle - leaves
Buckthorn laxative (zhoster) - fruits
Erect cinquefoil - rhizomes
Burdock large - roots
Bulb onion - onion
Sowing carrots - seeds, roots
Alder gray - cones
Male fern - rhizomes
Shepherd's bag - grass
Garden parsley - grass, roots
Peony evading - roots
Clavate crimson - controversy
Big plantain - leaves
Bitter wormwood - herb
Fragrant chamomile - flower baskets
Rowan ordinary - fruits
Cyanosis blue - rhizomes
Common caraway - herb
Common bearberry - leaves
Yarrow - herb
Violet tricolor - grass
Field horsetail - grass
Common hops - cones
Horseradish - roots
Wild chicory - roots
Rosehip cinnamon - fruits
Horse sorrel - rhizomes
OCTOBER
Collecting plants in October
Valerian officinalis - rhizomes
Highlander serpentine - rhizomes
Angelica officinalis - rhizomes with roots
Viburnum vulgaris - bark, fruits
Cranberries - fruits
Burnet medicinal - rhizomes and roots
Erect cinquefoil - rhizomes
Bulb onion - onion
Sowing carrots - seeds, roots
Common juniper - cones
Dandelion officinalis - roots
Comfrey officinalis - roots
Alder gray - cones
Male fern - rhizomes
Spring primrose - rhizomes with roots
Creeping wheatgrass - rhizomes
Field steel - roots
Common bearberry - leaves
Wild chicory - roots
Rosehip cinnamon - fruits
Horse sorrel - rhizomes and roots
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The healing properties of medicinal herbs depend on many factors: from the place of growth, from the time of collection, from proper drying and storage. You need to collect medicinal herbs away from roads, in clean fields, meadows, mountains and forests. Different parts of plants are collected at different times when they contain maximum amount medicinal substances. So:
Dried leaves, herbs and flowers retain their properties for up to 2 years; dry fruits can be stored for up to 3 years, well-dried bark, roots and rhizomes retain medicinal properties for up to 5 years. But subject to proper drying and storage. When and how to collect medicinal plants? Their usefulness depends on the correct assembly of herbs. You can only collect medicinal raw materials in dry weather ... Grasses collected in rain, fog or dew do not dry well and are not suitable for storage. Basic rules for the collection of plant materials:
Where and how to dry medicinal plants? The quality of medicinal raw materials depends on proper drying - the safety of aromatic and essential oils, tannins, vitamins, micro- and macroelements in them. Drying rules:
Where and how to store dried medicinal herbs?
Well-dried herbs should be immediately packed in aerated bags, drawers or baskets, in a thin layer so that they "breathe". Do not stuff tightly into bags, as the grass will quickly deteriorate. Fragrant plants need to be stored in glass jars with a tight lid kept in the dark. Store pouches, bags or baskets of herbs in a well-ventilated, dry and dark place. They should not be stored near food, vegetables and fruits, especially fragrant ones.
Is there a problem? Enter in the form "Symptom" or "Name of the disease" press Enter and you will find out all the treatment for this problem or disease. The site provides background information... Adequate diagnosis and treatment of the disease is possible under the supervision of a conscientious doctor. Any drugs have contraindications. A specialist consultation is required, as well as a detailed study of the instructions! ... Collection of medicinal plants
Each specific part of the plant must be harvested in due time to achieve the best concentration of nutrients. Proper harvesting of grass and bark
During this period, it contains many useful substances, and also, it is much easier to separate it from the trunk of the plant. The area of bark selected for collection must be clean and free of any build-up. The herb is usually harvested in the very early flowering period. It is better to cut it off at the very ground with a sharp knife or sickle. If the plant has a hard stem, then the side shoots are taken. If the grass is in dense thickets, then it is better to mow them whole, and then select the necessary plants. Harvesting leaves and flowers
In a number of plants, such as coltsfoot, large leaves carry a high concentration of beneficial ingredients immediately after flowering. Suitable for collection only completely healthy leaves without any signs of rot and dryness. Flowers are always harvested when they are in full bloom, and only in dry weather. Flowers for collection must be fresh, without the slightest wilting. They are usually collected only by hand, and only flowers without pedicels are plucked. VideoRoots, berries and buds
The buds are harvested in the spring, until the moment when they bloom. It is best to dry the buds in a cool place without the sun to prevent early blooming. Fruits are harvested only when they are fully ripe. It is better to collect in the morning or evening hours, in the afternoon in hot weather they can quickly deteriorate. The fruit should be free of the slightest dents or cracks. Monthly calendar to collect
September:
Types of useful herbs and their uses
For example, there is a chest collection used for diseases of the respiratory system and a gastric collection used for diseases of the digestive system. The fees, consisting of medicinal herbs, contain many biologically active substances, which, simultaneously with the treatment of a specific disease, can saturate the body with many compounds necessary for normal life. Seasoned summer residents hardly think about when to collect medicinal herbs, and even this is a novelty for beginners. After all, almost all plants are medicinal, and leaders stand out among them. Collect medicinal herbs away from roads and large industries such as factories or factories. Experienced assemblers useful herbs know exactly what plants need to be harvested in a particular season. Let us and we deal with this issue. The best time to collect medicinal herbsSpring is the time when in the forest you can not only walk and breathe air, but also collect medicinal plants. In no case should this period be missed. What medicinal herbs are collected in May So, what gives us the forest in spring.
The source of health is not only the forest, but also the garden. It also contains valuable specimens, which, if necessary, will support the tone of the body. Flowers of fruit trees (apple, pear, peach, apricot, etc.) are also medicinal raw materials. Tea brewed from flowering twigs perfectly tones up, quickly restores strength after work. Willow is rich in salicylic acid. You need to cut branches with young leaves and flowers, dry them in the shade, and then you can make tea from them. Such a drink relieves heat, knocks high fever and relieves headaches. The leaves and roots of burdock are considered healing. They wash their hair with infusion from the root, and add young leaves to salads. The lower dried berry leaves are valued as a powerful antimicrobial agent. In the spring, overwintered dark leaves are cut off and dried in the shade. V folk medicine pine and larch are used. In the spring, you need to collect young pine buds, because this is the best antitussive agent. And for these purposes, larch is plucked not only by the buds, but also by young shoots. What is useful in the summer for a home first aid kit? There are many herbs and flowers to collect at this time of year. Mint, lemon balm, echinacea, chamomile, lavender, rose - all of these plants decorate the garden, and they can also be used as a sedative. Rose petals saturate the body with iodine, rejuvenate cells and improve digestion. Tea from the buds of these flowers is rich in iron and zinc, it strengthens nails and hair, increases hemoglobin, and expands the walls of blood vessels. Lavender can be added to olive and coconut oils. Thanks to this component, the oil acquires an incredible aroma and becomes effective remedy for the prevention of dandruff. In addition, it is laid out next to bags of dried fruit to protect it from food moths. Useful Tips for the procurement of medicinal herbs
It is better to harvest and store herbs separately, and when preparing (for example, a fortifying herbal collection), mix them, and pour boiling water, leave for about 4 hours. You can really get a lot of useful herbs in the garden - study their properties and plant them in different corners. Plant diversity improves not only our health, but also the ecological niche of the site. And over time, you yourself will decide when to collect medicinal herbs. by The Wild Mistress's NotesHerbal treatment is becoming more and more popular. People try to use natural resources and folk recipes accumulated by generations. Medicinal herbs cure many diseases, help medication and strengthen the body. Of course, now all herbs can be bought in pharmacies or ordered by mail. But it is much more pleasant, and, sometimes, even more useful to collect and cook medicinal plants by ourselves. True, in order to bring you real benefit, they must be collected on time and in a good place, properly dried and kept intact. Medicinal plants must grow on clean, fertile soil away (at least 200 m) from landfills, industrial enterprises, automobile and railways and, preferably, 30 kilometers from the big city. It is necessary to comply with this rule because plants intensively accumulate toxic substances in the soil, atmosphere or water. "Medicinal plants are harvested during the growing season, the rainy season, during flowering. The buds are harvested in early spring in March - April, when they swell, but have not yet started to grow. At this time, they accumulate the maximum amount of biologically active substances."  The leaves are harvested during budding and during the entire flowering period, and the leaves of bearberry, wild rosemary, and lingonberry are harvested in early spring before new leaves appear. In the spring, during the period of increased sap flow, bark is collected from trees and shrubs - for this, young trunks and branches are chosen not older than 3 years. The roots and rhizomes are harvested before the start of the growing season. But the grass and flowers are usually harvested later - at the very beginning of flowering. Medicinal plants collected during the period of full flowering or fading away are not very suitable for medicinal purposes. The most suitable time directly for collecting plantsDry and clear weather, during the arrival of the moon, from 8 to 9 o'clock in the morning or in the late afternoon, from 16 to 17 o'clock. Sometimes it is useful to collect plants at night: on a full moon, the largest amount of medicinal substances is in the upper part of the plants (in leaves, flowers), and on a new moon, in the lower part (in roots, tubers, rhizomes). This is explained by the fact that during the full moon period, the herbs absorb more moisture, which, moving to the top of the plant, carries useful substances with it. And on the new moon, moisture consumption decreases, and all nutrients rush to the roots. If you want to make a collection from medicinal raw materials, wait for the holiday of Ivan Kupala - it was at this time that herbs for herbal mixtures were collected in Russia since ancient times. By the way, experienced herbalists advise not everyone to collect raw materials, but to those who are in good health and go to the forest with the intention of helping the sick.  "Part of the plant needs to be left untouched for recovery and growth. This is especially true for roots and tubers." Dug roots (for example) are shaken off the ground, washed in cold water. Then they are laid out on clean grass, paper or burlap and slightly dried. Then again they are cleaned from the remnants of dirt, small roots, damaged or rotten parts and dried completely. When collecting leaves, you need to remove the stems, flowers, branches, when collecting flowers - remove the stems and leaves. The grass is harvested by cutting off fresh, non-lignified parts of the stems just above the soil surface; before drying, the cut herbs must also be sorted out and sorted Herbs harvested in May - June: Hawthorn red (flowers) - heart remedy Did you like the article? Share it
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The collection of medicinal herbs is a mixture of raw materials, which is either whole or in crushed form. 
There are a number of rules that must be followed to obtain the correct collection:
Bark from plants is taken more often in spring, when there is a massive movement of sap, and young plants with tender bark are better suited for this purpose.
Leaves are best harvested by hand before flowering. Leaves can be plucked with or without a handle.
All parts of the plant that are underground are collected, when the plant reaches the dormant stage, during this time period, all the valuable substances necessary for the preparation of the medicinal collection are localized in the roots. These parts of plants must be well shaken off the ground and rinsed with water.
Each plant has its own harvest time. The collection calendar for medicinal plants is focused on the time when you need to collect the most common components.
There are many types of fees, which differ in their constituent components, in the action and the spectrum of diseases for which they are used.
