Due to its decorative effect, liriodendron began to be widely cultivated in countries with a temperate climate, up to Norway. Young trees have a pyramidal crown, which takes on a more rounded shape with age.

When a branch is broken, a slightly spicy aroma can be felt. The leaves of the tulip tree are wide and massive, up to 20 cm long. V different time Years they change their color from light green in spring, to intensely golden - closer to autumn.

When artificially cultivating a tree far from its natural habitat, it does not show aggression towards other plants growing in the immediate vicinity.

Botanical description

Large deciduous tree. Fast-growing, the average height of a tree is 25-36 m, and in some specimens, especially in woodlands, it often exceeds 50 m. The crown is high, in young trees it is pyramidal, acquires more oval outlines with age. The trunk is straight, massive, 60-150 cm in diameter.

Climate and soil requirements

Liriodendron is very picky about the composition of the soil, light and moisture, it does not tolerate excess lime. He prefers deep loamy, well-drained soils with a thick layer of surface chernozem. The tree does not like salty soils. However, tulip trees can grow in sandy loam soils. They very gratefully respond to feeding with complex and organic fertilizers.

Reproduction of the tulip tree

Propagated by layering, cuttings, grafting, seeds. When propagating by seeds, you will have to wait a very long time for the first flowering. Also, the seeds quickly lose their germination, so only freshly harvested seeds should be sown, no later than 2-3 days after collecting the planting material.

Young trees can also be propagated by layering, which should be separated from the tree after two years. If we are talking about the preservation of varietal material, then on planting material you can plant seedlings.

NS The tree is young, its crown looks like a pyramid, but over time it acquires a more rounded, oval shape. The trunk volume reaches an average of one and a half meters. The bark in the first years of growth is characterized as smooth, light green, and in older trees, it acquires irregularities and diamond-shaped cracks. Branches of a brown, dark brown color with a shine, as if covered with a waxy coating

The leaves are wide, streaked with veins, have a length of ten to twenty centimeters of green and light green shades. The color of the leaves changes in the autumn, and they acquire a yellow, almost golden hue. The leaves are shaped like tulip flowers and consist of four lobes

The flowers are six centimeters in size and are colored yellow, green, sometimes white with orange elements. The flowers of the tree emit a special cucumber aroma and emit an extremely a large number of nectar. Fruits filled with seeds also ripen on the tree, and at the end of ripening they fall off, scattering the seed for new shoots.

How to plant correctly

The tulip tree is planted in two ways, directly harvested by seeds and cuttings. When planting or transferring a plant to a new place, it takes root without problems, but this process can take some time, since a number of conditions are necessary, including favorable soil. A big plus is that the tree easily tolerates strong temperature fluctuations and is able to survive when the mercury column falls below 30 degrees, which makes it possible to grow Liriodendron in the middle lane.

Since the tree is very freedom-loving, it cannot be planted in small gardens; the plant should be placed in large areas for the full growth and development of the tulip tree. The soil for tree growth must be fertile and well-drained, and since root system Liriodendron has a pivotal appearance, the fertile layer must lie deep enough.

In the United States, tulip trees are often planted in entire fields, as they have strong and light wood that is fairly easy to process on an industrial scale. In the same place, the plant is a symbol of many states, for this reason, great attention is paid to these trees there.

How to grow a tulip tree from seeds

Item 1 (mandatory): we take seeds. The seeds of a tulip tree ripen in a kind of cones and crumble with the onset of frost

In the end, time will pass and in a year and a half, somewhere in June, you will see it

Item 2: stratification. The seeds of a tulip tree take a very long time to germinate. It makes no sense to wait for them by the first spring, they will sprout one and a half years after sowing before winter or two-stage stratification (cold and warm), which imitates the change of seasons winter-summer-winter-summer.

Sowing before winter is easier, because in a year and a half anyone will have enough

with clerosis, check the seeds regularly every 2-3 weeks, rinse them, look for mold, etc. They are easier to store in the ground.

For sowing before winter, you will need a box with universal soil and seeds, which were previously soaked for two days (water changes 1-2 times a day). You don't have to soak - this is optional. If there are few seeds, the lionfish can be cut off; if there is a lot or no desire to bother, let them remain as they are.

The depth of planting is about 1.5 cm. Sowed, watered, put a thick layer of leaves on top (to remove for the summer) and in a cold place for the winter. Into an ordinary polyethylene greenhouse without heating.

Important! The seed boxes should be watered regularly! Even if nothing visually grows there and winter is outside. Severe frost - put snow on top of the leaves. There is no frost - we try the ground for moisture and water it when the top layer begins to dry out. It is not worth planting a swamp, but it is also impossible to dry out the land.

And so all year round: we check the land, water it and that's it.

Why it is not worth sowing in open ground: in a year and a half, someone is guaranteed to eat them there.

Next, we need to be patient and wait. Such "slow" seeds as a tulip tree, lily of the valley, tree peony, yew and others - teach patience, which is sorely lacking for novice growers of trees from seeds.

If you want to sow and get rare species from seeds, learn patience.

By the way, even in boxes with seeds of a tulip tree, you can sow something annual with a not very powerful root system, like dill - it will be more and more fun and you will not forget to water.

If looking at the first photos, not everyone believed that it was tulip trees that had sprung up, now the shape of the leaf looks quite convincing

This is how the seedlings look at the beginning of their second summer.

In subsequent years, the growth rate of the tulip tree more than compensates for the extra year of waiting for shoots. The tulip tree grows very quickly and before its first flowering, which will have to wait longer than seedlings, it always pleases with beautiful foliage.

upd: one more thing about the waiting time for germination: American seeds of the tulip tree and from all sorts of south, sprout well enough in the first year, immediately after wintering. Only seedlings from these seeds are slightly less resistant to frost.

Patience and calmness! Trees do not like haste - they have eternity ahead of them.

The village of Golovinka. Tulip tree.

Somewhere high in the mountains, under the hot southern sun, a tree of amazing beauty grows. Indeed, not far from the small village of Golovinka, Krasnodar Territory, a tulip tree has been planted.

Golovinka is a resort in the Lazarevsky District of Greater Sochi. The village of Golovinka is located at the mouth of the Shakhe River. The whole village is within walking distance from the sea.

Golovinka takes its name from the surname of General E.A. Golovin, the commander of the Separate Caucasian Corps since 1837, before that Golovinka had the Adygo-Shapsug name Subashi (Shahe).

It is difficult to say who exactly planted this tree. According to one of the legends, this is the prophet's tree. The Prophet Muhammad sat down to rest in a grove, and his staff grew into a tulip tree. According to the official version, the tree was planted by General Nikolai Raevsky, he was a lover of exotic plants. The time of planting dates back to 1840, but many scientists claim that the tree is much older.

The tulip tree growing here, at the mouth of the Shakhe River, is a sacred tree for the Circassians - Shapsugs, the indigenous inhabitants of these places.

Golovinsky specimen of liriodendron is a unique, living monument to the history of the Black Sea coast. According to one of the versions, this tree was planted by General N.N. Raevsky in 1840

The village of Golovinka was called Shahape, which means "Shakhe's mouth", and the current name was given in honor of the Russian general E. Golovin by order of Nicholas I.

In the 19th century, after a repeated struggle with Turkey, according to the Treaty of Adrianople of 1829, Russia received land from Turkey from Poti to the mouth of the Kuban River.

Turkey, under the influence of Russian weapons, was forced to cede its rights to Russia on the Black Sea coast, but Russia had to defend these rights by force of the same weapon.

The Russians began to build a military Black Sea coastline consisting of several military fortifications. these included Navaginskoye (on the Sochi Cape), Lazarevskoye, Golovinskoye, etc.

General N.N. Raevsky Jr. was appointed head of the Black Sea coastline.

N.N. Raevsky gathered volunteers for landing operations. This detachment boarded the Black Sea squadron. The artist was on the flagship I. K. Aivazovsky, which immortalized the foundation of the Golovinsky fort with a painting. The future admirals of the Russian fleet took part in the landing - P.S. Nakhimov, V.A. Kornilov, V.I. Istomin.

A big fan of gardening, N.N. Raevsky ordered from the Nikitsky garden in the Crimea for the military botanical garden in Sukhumi, seedlings of various trees and shrubs, including seedlings of a tulip tree or lirriodendron. This is how this natural and historical monument appeared at the mouth of the Shakhe River.

All the Raevskys loved gardening and floriculture. In the first half of the 19th century, General N.N. Raevsky Jr. laid a large park on his estate in the Crimea. This estate, located between Gurzuf and Alushta, belonged to General M. M. Borozdin, passed in 1839 to his daughter - the wife of N. N. Raevsky Jr. Later the estate was named Karasan.

Many biologists believe that for 170 years the tree in Golovinka could not reach such a large, even gigantic size. They also refer to the fact that in the 1904 guidebook a giant tree was mentioned, which had been here for a long time. Local Circassians claim that the tree appeared long before the presence of Russians in Golovinka. The tree was considered sacred by them, and the area where it grew was called Liran.

Therefore, biologists say that the tulip tree in Golovinka is more than 240 years old. If you go on an excursion, the guides will tell you that the tree was damaged by lightning several times and burned. But the tulip tree, like the Phoenix bird, regenerated itself every time and became more beautiful and powerful. To save the giant tree, it was pulled together with iron chains, and the crevices left by the lightning were cemented.

This is a giant tree, one of the largest in Russia. The height of the giant reaches 35 meters, the span of the crown is 27 meters, the diameter of the trunk is 2.5 meters. It can hardly be grasped by 8 people!

By the way, since 1997 the tulip tree in Golovinka has been included in the catalog of the historical and cultural heritage of Sochi.

If you decide to go to the tree on your own, then you need to take an electric train to the Golovinka station. Then walk 500 meters. You will see a giant tree from afar. Come in May and June. Some of the most beautiful flowers on earth will be waiting for you.

I. K. Aivazovsky, “The landing of the detachment of N.N. Raevsky at the r. Shahe and Subashi on May 3, 1839. ".

1. Botanical description
2. Growing at home
3. Landing
4. Flowering tree
5. Application

Among exotic plants, there are species that can live in temperate climatic conditions. One of them is tulip liriodendron, or lyran (lat.Liriodendron tulipifera). It is also called the real tulip tree. It belongs to the Magnoliaceae family. The eastern territories of North America are considered the homeland of the species.

Botanical description

Liriodendron is a large deciduous plant with a taproot system. Adults reach a height of more than 50 m.The crown width sometimes exceeds 1.5 m.

The trunks are massive, straight, without branching, have a greenish-gray smooth bark. With age, it becomes covered with frequent shallow grooves. Lateral shoots are located at an acute angle, far from the trunk. Young branches are brownish, smooth, covered with a thin waxy coating. Trees from the first years of life have a neat pyramidal crown. With age, it expands, becomes spreading.

Lyran leaves are large, four-lobed, with a notched apex... Their size reaches 20 cm in length and 14 cm in width. The surface is smooth, with fine feathery veins. On the branches, they are located alternately, hanging on 7-centimeter cuttings. Leaves are light green, sometimes with bright yellow stripes.

Liriodendron flowers are single, regular cupped, 6–8 cm in size. They look like tulip buds. The petals of the corolla are slightly elongated, with even edges, the lower ones are bent down, the upper ones are raised. The color of the flowers is pale yellow, cream in some varieties. At the base, the petals are greenish, in the middle part they have a bright orange edging. Stamens are numerous, elongated, yellow.

The leaves and flowers of the tulip tree emit a light, cucumber-like, sweetish aroma.

Brown cone-shaped fruits about 5 cm in diameter are formed in place of wilting flowers, have a wide base and numerous lionfish with seeds. After ripening, they break off and are carried by the wind, sometimes remain on the branches until the next spring.

In its natural environment, the tulip tree prefers to grow on drained, breathable soils, sufficiently nutritious, with a high humus content. Lyran's lifespan reaches 450-500 years.

The high decorative qualities of the tulip tree were the reason for its introduction to Europe. Initially, they were planted only in the subtropics, then they began to grow in temperate latitudes. Most specimens tolerate frosts down to -35 ° C, mature trees are quite drought-resistant.

Growing at home

Don't be afraid to cultivate the North American tulip tree outdoors. At proper care it takes root well. Also, this plant is suitable for growing as a indoor bonsai crop.

Liriodendrons stretch by 80-100 cm per year... In adults, a massive, wide, dense crown, therefore, it is necessary to place the tulip tree away from buildings and fences. It is only suitable for owners of large areas. In small gardens, this plant will be very crowded, a wide crown will eventually drown out other crops. It is better to grow lyran in the sun or partial shade.

Landing

The soil should be fertile and loose. It is necessary to add black soil to the depleted soil, dilute too heavy clay soil with peat and sand. The acidity of the soil does not matter, but lyriodendrons do not tolerate a large amount of lime in the ground.

Planting is done in the spring, before the buds bloom.... This should be done in the ground heated to 12 ° C. The hole must be dug in a few days. Its volume should exceed the diameter of the earthen clod of the seedling by 2 times. If you plan to plant several specimens, holes are dug at a distance of 5 m from each other. A layer of drainage from small stones is laid out at the bottom of the pits, a mixture of soil and complex mineral dressing is poured on top.

The root of the seedling is removed from the container together with an earthen clod... It is recommended to moisten it beforehand. When placing the plant in the soil, the root collar should be flush with the surface. The earth is carefully compacted and watered. 1 tree should have about 15 liters of water. The trunk circle is mulched with peat, last year's grass or leaves with a layer of at least 8 cm. This will serve as good protection against drying out and cracking of the soil.

This plant is rarely grown by seeds.... Sprouts sometimes appear after 2 years. Given the rapid loss of germination, they can not be expected at all. Stratified seeds are placed in containers with a soil mixture of garden soil, sand and peat to a depth of 1 cm. It will take several months to moisten the soil and weed the weeds. In the summer, it is advisable to take out the seating boxes to Fresh air... When the emerging seedlings reach 30 cm, they are moved to open ground.

It is important to remember that the tulip tree does not tolerate transplants. its roots break easily under mechanical stress.

Care

The tulip tree is winter-hardy, unpretentious to growing conditions. The main requirements for care are regular moistening and fertilization. This will have to be monitored especially carefully in the first 3-4 years after planting plants in open ground. In hot dry summers, they need to be watered every other day, adding 10-15 liters to the soil under each trunk. It is useful to irrigate the crown from a watering can or a pump. The water must be prepared in advance, allowing it to settle and heat up to 20 ° C.

In the first year, the seedlings have enough nutrition in the ground... Then you need to start feeding. It is recommended to do this twice a season. After the snow melts, add nitrogenous compounds, during the flower-laying period - phosphorus-potassium.

With a lack of moisture and nutrition, the foliage becomes lethargic, pale, streaked or dries up. Greenery also suffers from too hot sun. For shading, you can use wide sheets of plywood.

For the winter, young lyranes need to be sheltered. To do this, the layer of mulch around them is renewed and thickened to 10 cm. The branches are carefully bent to the trunk, covered with burlap or other breathable material and tied with twine. Young seedlings will have to be protected during spring frosts.

Flowering tree

Liriodendrons begin to bloom in early May. In cold years, the buds bloom later: in the middle or at the end of the month. Flowers are located at the tops of the shoots. Corollas almost always point upwards, which gives them a tulip-like appearance. There are relatively few buds on the tree: one per branch. Flowering continues until mid-June.

With a sufficient amount of moisture and nutrients in the soil, the buds are laid 6-7 years after the seedlings are planted in open ground. In the early years, they are formed a little, they may not fully unfold. Flowering becomes more abundant with age. If buds do not appear for many years or there are very few of them, the growing conditions need to be improved. In the spring, you can water the tree with mullein solution, increase the proportion of applied phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.

Although the buds are quite large, capable of reaching 8–10 cm, corollas can be smaller in temperate climates.

The sweet, pleasant aroma that appears during flowering attracts bees and other insects. At home, the tulip tree is an excellent honey plant.

Application

In Europe, tulip liriodendron - ornamental plant... A dense crown with spectacular buds, good frost resistance, rapid growth and the absence of aggressiveness towards native species are very much appreciated by gardeners. Trees are planted in parks, squares with whole alleys. The foliage of adult specimens creates a thick shade, protects from the summer sun, and helps to purify the surrounding air.

In gardens and on household plots lyran is an exotic element of landscape design.

In North America, the tulip tree is most valued for its technical qualities. It is sometimes called yellow poplar, emphasizing the similarity of the wood of these unrelated species. Light soft massif of lyran logs lends itself well to processing. It can be cut, peeled, glued and impregnated. Wood is used in the paper industry, as a raw material for the manufacture of veneer, plywood, chipboard. They make hulls from it musical instruments, various lathe products, temporary containers. Reforestation is rapidly renewing, so there is no shortage of sawn timber.

Increasingly, gardeners manage to cultivate plants native to warm regions for the conditions of the central black earth regions of Russia. Now it is possible to grow a tulip tree in the suburbs of Moscow, admiring its beauty, sacred, in the opinion of the highlanders.

It is also called yellow poplar, white tree, or tulip liriodendron. It belongs to the Magnolia family. This plant got its name because of the bright large flowers that resemble tulips.

The flowering period of yellow poplar falls on the end of May - beginning of June. At this time, it becomes clear why the tree is considered the most beautiful in the world. And if you consider that its height reaches 30 m and it is covered with carved leaves, then there will be no limit to delight and admiration for its beauty.

Types of tulip tree

Yellow poplar grows up to 55 m, it is these trees that are observed in its homeland - the vastness of North America. Prefers a humid and warm climate, although it can withstand frosts of 30 degrees.

When describing a tulip tree, attention is drawn to:

• light bark with a gray tint, acquiring deep diamond-shaped grooves with age;
• pyramidal crown, turning over time into a rounded one, giving a large shadow;
• wide lyre-shaped leaves that reach about 20 cm in length and are on long petioles; the color of the leaf blades changes from light green in spring to yellow and brown by autumn;
• bloom with exotic, up to 10 cm in diameter, “tulips”, combining greenish, white, yellowish and orange colors on the corolla, exuding a pleasant aroma;
• fruits of brown color, growing up to 5 cm and having a cone-shaped oblong shape;
• light wood, well-processed and polished, from which high-quality plywood and musical instruments are made.

Known about three types tulip tree:

Plants of the American variety are highly decorative and majestic in size, growing up to 50 m in height. Lyrate leaves of bluish-green color, up to 15 cm long, turn golden by autumn. The tree looks spectacular in autumn time, it is, as it were, covered with golden openwork leaves. There are American states where liriodendron is a national symbol, a sign of family well-being and wealth. The Chinese variety of yellow poplar grows up to 15 m, sometimes found as a shrub. It looks somewhat different than other types, although its decorative effect is not worse.

It blooms with “tulips” up to 6 cm in diameter, colored green outside and yellow inside, without orange spots on the petals. Prefers a mild and cool climate, always humid. Recommended by gardeners for growing in the regions of Russia in the middle lane.

The homeland of the bell-shaped spatodea is the territory of West Africa, where it is called "ball lightning". This variety is distributed over vast areas, due to its resistance to temperate climates. No less decorative than other varieties, liriodendron acclimatizes well and pleases with its flowering. In its crown, up to 100 bright red flowers bloom at the ends of the branches. The fast growing hybrid Liriodendron tulipifera x L. Chinense is especially popular among gardeners.

Among liriodendrons there are centenarians, whose age is up to five centuries. With an annual growth of up to 1 m in height and 20 cm in thickness, gardeners can grow liriodendron in the Russian climate, the columnar trunk of which reaches 2 m in diameter.

Landing

Choosing a place on the site

An important point when planting a tulip tree is the choice of location on the site.

In the American eastern states - the homeland of liriodendron, there is enough sunlight. Therefore, when planting it, we choose places that are well lit by the sun. We try to avoid the north side of the site. Remember that the tree easily tolerates hot summer temperatures and its leaves do not fade in the sun. The delicate branches of young trees break easily, so you need to choose a place without drafts, where the plantings are protected from the wind. When planning garden plot we take into account that the juice allocated by a tulip tree can harm garden decor items, so their placement under an overgrown crown is impractical. Landscape sculptures can quickly deteriorate as well as garden furniture... When planting, it is taken into account that over time the liriodendron will grow to an enormous size. Therefore, we place the neighboring trees away from the yellow poplar. The distance between them should be at least 5 m. We plant a huge tulip tree growing away from housing.

Americans call this plant a white tree; it should occupy an honorable spacious place in the garden.

Soil preparation

Exot needs a nutritious extract if the soil is depleted and contains insufficient nutrients, that is, it must be fertilized with humus or compost. The acidity index of the soil should not exceed 7.5, it is preferable to use neutral or slightly acidic soil for planting liriodendron.

Damp, well-drained soil will provide comfort to the yellow poplar. From stagnant moisture and from constant puddles near the roots, the tree can weaken and get sick.

It is not recommended to plant liriodendron in clay soil. Heavily warmed up and poorly ventilated, it almost does not allow water to pass through. If it is not possible to plant a plant in a different soil, then it is cultivated, peat and sand are introduced. They, in turn, help to loosen the soil and make it more moisture-permeable.

A seedling hole is dug a week before planting.

Its size should exceed one and a half times the volume of the tree's root system. Part of the excavated soil is mixed with nutritional supplements, the other is useful for dusting the roots. If the soil is not completely nutritious, then you can add 250 g of complex mineral fertilizer... Use broken brick or rubble that is placed on the bottom of the pit as drainage.

Attention! Sandy loam soil and black soil are ideal for planting a tulip tree. When planting it in sandy soil, mulching is necessary. The plant will feel bad in soil rich in lime and salt.

Landing dates

Dates of planting a tulip tree in central Russia

depend on climatic conditions in the spring. Planting is possible with sufficient soil warming.

Selection and preparation of a seedling

When buying seedlings of tulip liriodendron, we look at the age of the grown tree, it should not be less than 4 years old, and at its height, ideally, at least 1 m.

The crown of the seedling sold must be at least 20-30 cm in diameter.

Varieties of tulip liriodendron adapted to Russian conditions: Roothaan mediopictum, Glen gold, Heltorf, Aureomarginatum, Fastigiatum, Ardis and Chapel hill. Plants of these varieties usually bloom with yellow or white tulips.

When deciding to buy liriodendron seedlings, pay attention to the condition of their root system. There should be as few dried fragments as possible and the complete absence of rotten roots.

When buying a seedling, the root system of which is open, planting is carried out within the next few days. Before that, the roots are kept in water for about three and a half hours.

Fragile roots require careful handling. The further growth of the tulip tree depends on their condition.

It is better to buy seedlings placed in transport containers. They can be stored for several weeks before planting, while waiting for favorable weather conditions.

Planting a seedling

When planting a seedling of a yellow poplar, we observe the following recommendations of gardeners:

1. When removing the seedling from the container, the soil is moistened, the container is placed on its side, the clod of earth with the root system is carefully removed. For better acclimatization of the tree and reduce stress, it is not recommended to break the earthen lump with roots.
2. Plant placement level in planting pit should be the same as it was in the container, not lower and not higher.
3. When soil is poured to the roots, the soil is compacted so that there is no room for air, no air pockets are formed.
4. The planted tree needs a one-time abundant watering.
5. For mulching the soil, you can use cut grass, humus and peat, which are laid out in a layer up to 8 cm. This procedure helps to maintain the optimal level of soil moisture, prevents it from overheating, and prevents weeds from growing.

Features of caring for a tulip tree

The tree needs careful maintenance during the first two years of its life.

Young liriodendron needs pruning for proper crown formation. By removing the tips of the twigs, you can create a pyramidal shape that is convenient for a young plant.

The timing of the appearance of beautiful flowers is influenced by the planting and maintenance of trees, as well as the soil and climatic conditions. With regular watering, an abundance of organic matter, good looseness of the soil, the trees grow actively and bloom faster. Usually "tulips" appear after 5-8 years from the date of planting.

Tulip trees can grow without the need for additional care, loosening and feeding. But in this case, you will not have to rejoice at their flowering, or you will need to wait for this longer than with careful care.

The darkening of the tips of the leaves and their drying out indicates an excessively hot and dry climate. Yellow poplar needs additional moisture and more abundant watering.

Watering and fertilizing

Giving preference to high soil and air humidity, liriodendron needs regular, frequent, but moderate watering. In this case, it is necessary to control the presence of excess moisture, which can lead to decay of the roots.

The trees are watered with warm water, which can be heated in the sun in containers. In dry and hot weather, the tulip tree needs spraying, which is carried out in the evening with an inactive sun. For daily irrigation of the crown, you can use a special garden hose nozzle.

Top dressing is applied after the first year of life. The use of nitrogen-based mineral formulations is recommended as a spring fertilizer. Later, top dressing is applied with the introduction of potassium-phosphorus fertilizers.

Organic additives are added in the fall.

Attention! The use of poultry manure requires some knowledge of how to prepare the fertilizer for use.

Dissolve the droppings in water and keep this composition for several days. Before watering, the finished solution is still diluted, since it can burn the roots of the plant.

Humidity

It is very important for the moisture lover to ensure drainage before planting. An abundance of moisture leads to decay of the plant, which is destructive for it. Watering frequency also depends on climatic conditions, dry or rainy weather.

It is necessary to provide the necessary moisture for the plant, without killing it with an excessive amount of water.

For example, a tree planted in sandy soil needs frequent watering. Liriodendron growing in clay soil should be limited to watering.

Preparing for winter

Experts know about the frost resistance of the tulip tree, which can withstand up to 25-30 degrees of frost. But they warn that young trees need special care and attention, since they do not have the stress tolerance associated with weather conditions.

Preparing plants for winter conditions, it is recommended:

• renew the mulch layer after the autumn harvest of foliage, removing the old one;
• overlay the place of the near-stem circle with sawdust or compost, peat, wood chips up to 12 cm high;
• gently press the branches to the trunk and tie them with a rope;
• additionally insulate young trees with caps made of burlap or dense material, fixing them with twine.

If a harsh winter is expected, then cover the tree with spruce branches and snow.

Know the weather forecast, especially during early spring. Under the bright rays of the sun, the plant can resist, and then the shelter is removed. The capricious spring weather sometimes unexpectedly brings a cold snap, in which case the trees must be immediately covered.

Diseases and pests of the tulip tree

Liriodendron is rarely attacked by harmful insects and is almost not affected by diseases.

If the tree has problems, then they are usually associated with inadequate care of it.

For example, in too hot and dry climates, the leaves begin to darken and dry out. During summer, foliage may turn yellow, indicating too bright lighting. In this case, the plant requires shading, which can only be provided for young trees.

The color of the leaves determines whether the tulip tree has enough nutrients. If they turn pale, top dressing is necessary.

Liriodendrons growing at home are the most capricious.

For lovers of cultivation indoor trees recommended:

• carefully treat the plants with special solutions at the slightest sign of pest infestation;
• monitor the condition of the liriodendron for timely elimination of problems, changing the conditions for caring for it;
• fertilize the soil regularly;
• protect the plant from damage by pets, which can lead to its death.

If the owner of the tulip tree is often away, then it is better not to grow this exotic beauty at home.

Reproduction methods

The methods can be different. The tree is grown using cuttings, grafts, cuttings and seeds.

Reproduction of liriodendron requires patience and some knowledge. The most popular and preserving the varietal characteristics of the tree is the seedling method. Growing a plant from seed at home is almost impossible. But you should try.

The main thing to remember is that very fresh seeds are used for seedlings, which are no more than two days old.

When growing seedlings you need:

1. Prepare the seeds. They crumble on their own from loose bumps that bloom in late autumn.
2. Disinfect large seeds by soaking them in a light pink solution of potassium permanganate for two days. In this case, you need to change the water up to 2 times a day.
3. Prepare a container for planting seeds by filling it with garden soil, coarse sand and low-lying peat in equal parts.
4. Plant the seeds to a depth of 1.5 cm, water and put the leaves on top in a thick layer.
5. Store the container in a cold place, even in an unheated greenhouse. Do not forget to cover the box with snow in cold weather and water the soil in it during the spring thaws.
6. Wait for the emergence of seedlings, the sprouts should hatch in a year and a half after planting the seeds.
7. Rejoice in the friendly growth of seedlings, not forgetting to water them.
8. Temper sprouts before planting in open ground. Carry out boxes with trees for a "walk", especially in sunny weather.

After disembarking, do not forget that young liriodendrons require care:

• moderate and frequent watering;
• spring and summer feeding;
• weeding;
• mulching the soil to retain moisture.

Subject to correct fit and leaving the tulip tree will delight the owner with flowering at 7 years old, after which it will bloom with graceful “tulips” annually.

In Russia, the tulip tree is becoming more and more popular. Gardeners of the middle zone of our country, when planting liriodendron, need to purchase seedlings of the variety that is suitable for local climatic conditions.

Miracle trees blooming with “tulips” can be found in the regions of the Black Sea subtropics. Residents of Sochi and nearby resorts can admire the flowering of liriodendron from April to May. It is there that large alleys, decorated with these trees, grow.

A huge specimen of the miracle tree grows in the village of Golovinka on the Black Sea coast. It is more than 30 m in height, about 2.5 m in diameter, and the crown is measured at 27 m.

The tree is a symbol of family well-being due to its longevity and amazing flowers. It is pleasant to gather under its crown for any family, no matter how large it may be!

Such beauty is worthy of the attention of gardeners and the necessary care.

Method 1 Choosing a place for poplar

Method 2 Planting a tree from a seedling

1. 
   Prepare the soil ahead of time.

   When planting any seedling, it is always best to prepare the soil in advance. Add some compost or well-rotted manure to the tulip site. For this:

   • Add a layer of compost, and then rake in the soil that's already there. This will give the soil an extra boost of nutrients.
2. 
   

   Plant your tree shortly after purchasing a seedling. The seedlings are supplied bare-root or in pots. If you are using bare-root plants, try to plant them immediately after purchase, as they will not survive for a long period of time if left uprooted.

3. 
   Prepare the seedling for planting.

   Remove all ropes and wraps supplied with the seedling. Soak roots before planting. For this:

   • Place the tree in a bucket of water (ideally rainwater) for several hours; don't let him stand all night. Avoid removing roots or damaging them.
4. 
   Dig a hole.

   Dig a hole as deep as the roots of the trees and twice the width of the roots. If your plant was placed in a pot, the soil level in which you plant the tree should be the same as the soil level in the pot.

   • If the plant was supplied with bare roots, check the stem of the plant to see where the soil level was before.
5. 
   

   Loosen the roots. If the roots are bunched together, try and loosen them by straightening them a little, as carefully as possible. When using a potted seedling, try to retain as much of the original soil as possible, as this will help preserve the roots.

6. 
   Plant a tree.

   Place the seedling in the hole you created. Cover with soil around the seedling. To avoid air pockets, compact the soil well and then water the seedling thoroughly.

   • However, do not compact the soil too much, as this can damage the roots.
7. 
   

   Add mulch to the area. Apply mulch with about 10 cm of compost, rotted leaves or well-rotted manure on the soil surface. Make sure the mulch covers the entire area under the tree. This will help protect roots, curb weed growth, and retain moisture in the soil.

Method 3 Planting a tulip tree from cuttings

Method 4 Planting a tulip tree from seed

• Since the fast growing varieties of this tree can reach almost full height in just a couple of decades.
• These trees will bloom in late spring and early summer.
• These trees are deciduous, meaning they lose their leaves in the fall.
• Some people complain that they have never seen flowers, as they are not always visible from the ground in adult specimens.
• These trees are slightly more vulnerable to wind than other trees. This can mean higher branches will be damaged or broken during windy periods.

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• tulip tree: botanical description
• tulip tree: when it blooms
• tulip tree at home
• tulip tree in Golovinka
• african tulip tree
• tulip tree: photo

Tulip tree botanical description

Tulip or tulip tree, or liriodendron tulip(Liriodendron tulipifera) - very beautiful tree. Tulip tree vwikipedia also has such names: tulip poplar, yellow poplar. Genus name Liriodendron comes from the Greek words leirion (lily) and dendron (tree). This name suggests that the flowers of the plant resemble lilies. But it is not so. Both flowers and leaves of this plant are similar to tulip inflorescences. This tree is called the tulip poplar. This fact again leads to confusion, since the tree belongs to the magnolia family, not poplars.

Tulip tree - this is a large tree, reaching a height of more than 30 m, and in some specimens it reaches a height of up to 100 m. homeland - the eastern regions of North America. It is a deciduous and fast growing tree with a tall and straight trunk and a wide crown that is slightly less than half its height at maturity. Branches start far up the trunk and are often symmetrical. The bottom “fork” is usually absent. The upper branches create a rounded or pyramidal crown ; in open areas, the plant has a vertical, oval or conical crown. The trunk has a light gray-green bark and can reach an impressive size of 1.2 to 1.8 m in diameter ... Young trees have smooth bark, while mature trees have diamond-shaped bark white... Shoots are brown, waxy. If the branches are damaged, a sweet spicy aroma can be picked up.

Tulip trees can be identified in shape their leaves: their shape is unusual, the so-called lyre. It looks a bit like a tulip flower. Each leaf is simple, wide, with venation. Consists of four short lobes, with an inversely cordate, notched apex. Concavity at the tips of the leaves, or where a typical tip would be expected, suggests someone came in and took a piece of them! Leaf color - light or deep green in spring and summer and golden yellow in autumn. The leaves are rather large, 12 to 20 cm long.

Flowers very effective and reminiscent bud tulip ... They are medium in size (5-8 cm in length), yellowish-green, with a tinge of orange (orange stripes at the base of each petal) on the outside, cupped, "looking" up. Fragrant. Blossom in late spring. But flowers can go unnoticed on large trees because they appear after the leaves have fully bloomed. Flowering period : May June. Flowers are replaced by dry, oblong, conical fruits brown in color, each containing numerous winged seeds.

Is growing liriodendron tulip on full sun or in partial shade, in a wet, well-drained soil with a lot of humus. It can also adapt to less ideal conditions such as dry soil. Often a tree does not bloom until it reaches at least 15 years. Tulip tree gives a very large shadow. It is planted on lawns or used for large landscapes. As a rule, it is not recommended to plant it as a street tree. The tulip tree is valuable source thin wood that is used to make furniture.

Tulip tree when it blooms

The tulip tree is impressive and mesmerizing with its beauty. It is a very unusual, vibrant and conspicuous plant. Usually starts to bloom at the end of May, blooms until mid-June. Flowers appear after the foliage has blossomed. Sometimes on large trees it is difficult to see the buds, because they are hidden by leaves. Externally flower very similar to a tulip. It should be noted that young trees rarely bloom. Usually, a tulip tree begins to delight with its gorgeous flowers only after Fifteen years after landing! If you want straight now decorate the garden flowering trees, then it is better to choose another plant and not wait so long for the first buds to appear. Liriodendron is a gorgeous plant for the future. An experienced landscape designer will definitely find a use for it.

Tulip tree at home

At home There are two ways to grow a tulip tree. The first way is to use seed , and second - cuttings ... If you want to use for breeding the seeds then be sure to choose only fresh seeds. Get them from fruits that form after the tree has flowered. Ripe fruits fall , and you can easily get the seeds. Form - tetrahedral. The seeds are planted in a spacious container , the soil is suitable for universal. If you are propagating a tree by seed, be patient. The tree will grow very slowly ... It is best to use the second method - to propagate liriodendron cuttings .

Home care. This plant loves wet soils , but is afraid of excessive waterlogging. The soil necessarily must be drained. Clay, loamy and even sandy soils are suitable. It can grow on acidic and neutral soils. Upper layer should be more nutritious, chernozems are suitable. Twice a year you can feed complex fertilizers. If you grew a tree in a container, then plant it can be buried in the ground at any time, except for the winter period. Tulip tree perfectly tolerates Ukrainian frosts ... Not afraid of thirty degrees below zero. The tree is good adapts to urban conditions , to noise, dust. Very rarely sick, and also damaged by fungi.

Be careful to the landing site. The tulip tree loves space, grows poorly next to other large trees. If your the garden is very small , it is better to refrain from planting the liriodendron. This tree will look spectacular in large city parks and gardens, as well as in spacious private areas. Not suitable for a regular summer cottage or for a mini home garden. A mature tree gives huge shadow ... This has its pros and cons. Benches can be placed under the shade of a tree for rest. But if your garden is very small, then the shadow will take up all the space, and this will to influence badly on the growth and development of herbs or flowers.

If you want to decorate your garden with this plant, then you are unlikely to encounter difficulties, Liriodendron adapts well to any conditions, it will certainly delight you with its beauty.

Tulip tree in Golovinka

Unique specimen tulip tree grows in Sochi, or rather in the village Golovinka Lazarevsky district. Many plant lovers come specially to see and photograph this majestic and incredibly beautiful tree! What is its uniqueness? This specimen is mesmerizing with its huge size. Height wood - thirty meters, diameter trunk - 2.4 meters, and crown size - as much as 27 meters. Even ten people cannot embrace this mighty tree.

They say that this tree already three hundred years ! Lightning hit him, but the tree still continues to grow and develop. According to the legend , this tree grew in North America, but in 1813 it was brought to the Yalta Botanical Garden, and from there it got to Golovinka. General Raevsky transported him to Russia in 1840.

Many tourists specially come to this tree. They say that if you sit in its shade, you can be cured of various diseases. Some people hide coins in the hollow of a tree, because it brings good luck, as well as wealth. You can come to the tree on your own or as part of a tourist group. Many guides lead people from different parts of the world to this tree.

Tulip tree in Golovinka:

African tulip tree

African tulip tree is also called Bell-shaped spatodea(Spathodea campanulata). This is a beautiful tree from the Begoniaceae family, which pleases and impresses with its very abundant and bright flowering. Plant size - from seven to twenty five meters! Flowers bell-shaped, yellow, red-orange. Outwardly, the flowers are similar to a tulip, but collected in a brush. They always look up, the height is up to 20 centimeters. The buds often collect moisture from the rain, which attracts different birds.

Growing an African tree in your garden ... If you want to complement and decorate your garden with this gorgeous plant, then you need to know the basic rules of plant care. Choose sunny and bright place for planting. To water wood is needed often, but in moderation. There is no need to overmoisten the soil, dry periods are also bad for the plant. Grows better on nutrient soils , although it can grow on poor soils. Seeds it is better to plant in loose and moist soil, cover with foil. In summer and also in spring, once a month is better fertilize your tree with special fertilizers. Starts blossom African tulip tree in the third year after planting, but not earlier. Optimum temperature for summer - up to 26 degrees above zero, and for winter - 16 degrees below zero. That's why, can not be planted tree in the north of Ukraine.

Increasingly, gardeners manage to cultivate plants native to warm regions for the conditions of the central black earth regions of Russia. Now it is possible to grow a tulip tree in the suburbs of Moscow, admiring its beauty, sacred, in the opinion of the highlanders. It is also called yellow poplar, white tree, or tulip liriodendron. It belongs to the Magnolia family. This plant got its name because of the bright large flowers that resemble tulips. The flowering period of yellow poplar falls on the end of May - beginning of June. At this time, it becomes clear why the tree is considered the most beautiful in the world. And if you consider that its height reaches 30 m and it is covered with carved leaves, then there will be no limit to delight and admiration for its beauty.

Types of tulip tree

Yellow poplar grows up to 55 m, it is these trees that are observed in its homeland - the vastness of North America. Prefers a humid and warm climate, although it can withstand frosts of 30 degrees. When describing a tulip tree, attention is drawn to:

• light bark with a gray tint, acquiring deep diamond-shaped grooves with age;
• pyramidal crown, turning over time into a rounded one, giving a large shadow;
• wide lyre-shaped leaves that reach about 20 cm in length and are on long petioles; the color of the leaf blades changes from light green in spring to yellow and brown by autumn;
• bloom with exotic, up to 10 cm in diameter, “tulips”, combining greenish, white, yellowish and orange colors on the corolla, exuding a pleasant aroma;
• fruits of brown color, growing up to 5 cm and having a cone-shaped oblong shape;
• light wood, well-processed and polished, from which high-quality plywood and musical instruments are made.

There are three types of tulip trees known: Plants of the American variety are highly decorative and majestic in size, growing up to 50 m in height. Lyrate leaves of bluish-green color, up to 15 cm long, turn golden by autumn. The tree looks spectacular in autumn, it is, as it were, covered with golden openwork leaves. There are American states where liriodendron is a national symbol, a sign of family well-being and wealth.

The Chinese variety of yellow poplar grows up to 15 m, sometimes found as a shrub. It looks somewhat different than other types, although its decorative effect is not worse. It blooms with “tulips” up to 6 cm in diameter, green on the outside and yellow on the inside, without orange spots on the petals. Prefers a mild and cool climate, always humid. Recommended by gardeners for growing in the regions of Russia in the middle lane.

The homeland of the bell-shaped spatodea is the territory of West Africa, where it is called "ball lightning". This variety is distributed over vast areas, due to its resistance to temperate climates. No less decorative than other varieties, liriodendron acclimatizes well and pleases with its flowering. In its crown, up to 100 bright red flowers bloom at the ends of the branches. The fast growing hybrid Liriodendron tulipifera x L. Chinense is especially popular among gardeners.

Among liriodendrons there are centenarians, whose age is up to five centuries. With an annual growth of up to 1 m in height and 20 cm in thickness, gardeners can grow liriodendron in the Russian climate, the columnar trunk of which reaches 2 m in diameter.

Landing

Choosing a place on the site

An important point when planting a tulip tree is the choice of location on the site. Gardeners recommend: In the American eastern states - in the homeland of liriodendron, there is enough sunlight. Therefore, when planting it, we choose places that are well lit by the sun. We try to avoid the north side of the site. Remember that the tree easily tolerates hot summer temperatures and its leaves do not fade in the sun. The delicate branches of young trees break easily, so you need to choose a place without drafts, where the plantings are protected from the wind.

When planning a garden plot, we take into account that the juice allocated by a tulip tree can harm garden decor items, so their placement under an overgrown crown is impractical. Landscape sculptures can quickly deteriorate, just like garden furniture. When planting, it is taken into account that over time the liriodendron will grow to an enormous size. Therefore, we place the neighboring trees away from the yellow poplar. The distance between them should be at least 5 m. We plant a huge tulip tree growing away from housing.

Americans call this plant a white tree; it should occupy an honorable spacious place in the garden.

Soil preparation

Exot needs a nutritious extract if the soil is depleted and contains insufficient nutrients, that is, it must be fertilized with humus or compost. The acidity index of the soil should not exceed 7.5, it is preferable to use neutral or slightly acidic soil for planting liriodendron. Damp, well-drained soil will provide comfort to the yellow poplar. From stagnant moisture and from constant puddles near the roots, the tree can weaken and get sick.

It is not recommended to plant liriodendron in clay soil. Heavily warmed up and poorly ventilated, it almost does not allow water to pass through. If it is not possible to plant a plant in a different soil, then it is cultivated, peat and sand are introduced. They, in turn, help to loosen the soil and make it more moisture-permeable. A seedling hole is dug a week before planting. Its size should exceed one and a half times the volume of the tree's root system. Part of the excavated soil is mixed with nutritional supplements, the other is useful for dusting the roots. If the soil is not entirely nutritious, then you can add 250 g of complex mineral fertilizer. Use broken brick or rubble that is placed on the bottom of the pit as drainage.

Landing dates

The timing of planting a tulip tree in central Russia depends on climatic conditions in the spring. Planting is possible with sufficient soil warming.

Selection and preparation of a seedling

When buying seedlings of tulip liriodendron, we look at the age of the grown tree, it should not be less than 4 years old, and at its height, ideally, at least 1 m. The crown of the seedling sold should be at least 20-30 cm in diameter.

Varieties of tulip liriodendron adapted to Russian conditions: Roothaan mediopictum, Glen gold, Heltorf, Aureomarginatum, Fastigiatum, Ardis and Chapel hill. Plants of these varieties usually bloom with yellow or white tulips. When deciding to buy liriodendron seedlings, pay attention to the condition of their root system. There should be as few dried fragments as possible and the complete absence of rotten roots.

When buying a seedling, the root system of which is open, planting is carried out within the next few days. Before that, the roots are kept in water for about three and a half hours.

Fragile roots require careful handling. The further growth of the tulip tree depends on their condition. It is better to buy seedlings placed in transport containers. They can be stored for several weeks before planting, while waiting for favorable weather conditions.

Planting a seedling

When planting a seedling of a yellow poplar, we observe the following recommendations of gardeners:

1. When removing the seedling from the container, the soil is moistened, the container is placed on its side, the clod of earth with the root system is carefully removed. For better acclimatization of the tree and reduce stress, it is not recommended to break the earthen lump with roots.
2. The level of placement of the plant in the planting hole should be the same as it was in the container, not lower and not higher.
3. When soil is poured to the roots, the soil is compacted so that there is no room for air, no air pockets are formed.
4. The planted tree needs a one-time abundant watering.
5. For mulching the soil, you can use cut grass, humus and peat, which are laid out in a layer up to 8 cm. This procedure helps to maintain the optimal level of soil moisture, prevents it from overheating, and prevents weeds from growing.

Features of caring for a tulip tree

The tree needs careful maintenance during the first two years of its life. Young liriodendron needs pruning for proper crown formation. By removing the tips of the twigs, you can create a pyramidal shape that is convenient for a young plant.

The timing of the appearance of beautiful flowers is influenced by the planting and maintenance of trees, as well as the soil and climatic conditions. With regular watering, an abundance of organic matter, good looseness of the soil, the trees grow actively and bloom faster. Usually "tulips" appear after 5-8 years from the date of planting. Tulip trees can grow without the need for additional care, loosening and feeding. But in this case, you will not have to rejoice at their flowering, or you will need to wait for this longer than with careful care.

The darkening of the tips of the leaves and their drying out indicates an excessively hot and dry climate. Yellow poplar needs additional moisture and more abundant watering.

Watering and fertilizing

Giving preference to high soil and air humidity, liriodendron needs regular, frequent, but moderate watering. In this case, it is necessary to control the presence of excess moisture, which can lead to decay of the roots. The trees are watered with warm water, which can be heated in the sun in containers. In dry and hot weather, the tulip tree needs spraying, which is carried out in the evening with an inactive sun. For daily irrigation of the crown, you can use a special garden hose nozzle.

Top dressing is applied after the first year of life. The use of nitrogen-based mineral formulations is recommended as a spring fertilizer. Later, top dressing is applied with the introduction of potassium-phosphorus fertilizers. Organic additives are added in the fall. Dissolve the droppings in water and keep this composition for several days. Before watering, the finished solution is still diluted, since it can burn the roots of the plant.

Humidity

It is very important for the moisture lover to ensure drainage before planting. An abundance of moisture leads to decay of the plant, which is destructive for it. Watering frequency also depends on climatic conditions, dry or rainy weather.

It is necessary to provide the necessary moisture for the plant, without killing it with an excessive amount of water.

For example, a tree planted in sandy soil needs frequent watering. Liriodendron growing in clay soil should be limited to watering.

Preparing for winter

Experts know about the frost resistance of the tulip tree, which can withstand up to 25-30 degrees of frost. But they warn that young trees need special care and attention, since they do not have the stress tolerance associated with weather conditions. When preparing plants for winter conditions, it is recommended:

• renew the mulch layer after the autumn harvest of foliage, removing the old one;
• overlay the place of the near-stem circle with sawdust or compost, peat, wood chips up to 12 cm high;
• gently press the branches to the trunk and tie them with a rope;
• additionally insulate young trees with caps made of burlap or dense material, fixing them with twine.

If a harsh winter is expected, then cover the tree with spruce branches and snow. Know the weather forecast, especially during early spring. Under the bright rays of the sun, the plant can resist, and then the shelter is removed. The capricious spring weather sometimes unexpectedly brings a cold snap, in which case the trees must be immediately covered.

Diseases and pests of the tulip tree

Liriodendron is rarely attacked by harmful insects and is almost not affected by diseases. If the tree has problems, then they are usually associated with inadequate care of it. For example, in too hot and dry climates, the leaves begin to darken and dry out. During summer, foliage may turn yellow, indicating too bright lighting. In this case, the plant requires shading, which can only be provided for young trees.

The color of the leaves determines whether the tulip tree has enough nutrients. If they turn pale, top dressing is necessary. Liriodendrons growing at home are the most capricious. Lovers of growing indoor trees are recommended:

• carefully treat the plants with special solutions at the slightest sign of pest infestation;
• monitor the condition of the liriodendron for timely elimination of problems, changing the conditions for caring for it;
• fertilize the soil regularly;
• protect the plant from damage by pets, which can lead to its death.

If the owner of the tulip tree is often away, then it is better not to grow this exotic beauty at home.

Reproduction methods

The methods can be different. The tree is grown using cuttings, grafts, cuttings and seeds. Reproduction of liriodendron requires patience and some knowledge. The most popular and preserving the varietal characteristics of the tree is the seedling method. Growing a plant from seed at home is almost impossible. But you should try. The main thing to remember is that very fresh seeds are used for seedlings, which are no more than two days old.

When growing seedlings you need:

1. Prepare the seeds. They crumble on their own from loose bumps that bloom in late autumn.
2. Disinfect large seeds by soaking them in a light pink solution of potassium permanganate for two days. In this case, you need to change the water up to 2 times a day.
3. Prepare a container for planting seeds by filling it with garden soil, coarse sand and low-lying peat in equal parts.
4. Plant the seeds to a depth of 1.5 cm, water and put the leaves on top in a thick layer.
5. Store the container in a cold place, even in an unheated greenhouse. Do not forget to cover the box with snow in cold weather and water the soil in it during the spring thaws.
6. Wait for the emergence of seedlings, the sprouts should hatch in a year and a half after planting the seeds.
7. Rejoice in the friendly growth of seedlings, not forgetting to water them.
8. Temper sprouts before planting in open ground. Carry out boxes with trees for a "walk", especially in sunny weather.

After disembarking, do not forget that young liriodendrons require care:

• moderate and frequent watering;
• spring and summer feeding;
• weeding;
• mulching the soil to retain moisture.

Subject to proper planting and care, the tulip tree will delight the owner with flowering at the age of 7, after which it will bloom into graceful “tulips” annually. In Russia, the tulip tree is becoming more and more popular. Gardeners of the middle zone of our country, when planting liriodendron, need to purchase seedlings of the variety that is suitable for local climatic conditions.

Miracle trees blooming with “tulips” can be found in the regions of the Black Sea subtropics. Residents of Sochi and nearby resorts can admire the flowering of liriodendron from April to May. It is there that large alleys, decorated with these trees, grow. A huge specimen of the miracle tree grows in the village of Golovinka on the Black Sea coast. It is more than 30 m in height, about 2.5 m in diameter, and the crown is measured at 27 m.

The tree is a symbol of family well-being due to its longevity and amazing flowers. It is pleasant to gather under its crown for any family, no matter how large it may be! Such beauty is worthy of the attention of gardeners and the necessary care.

to grow an exotic plant on your windowsill, you should apply the subtleties of care. Most want to breed unusual plants. In the above article, the authors tried to collect many secrets in order to prevent diseases when growing a particular plant. Each plant requires painstaking compliance with the conditions. The subtleties of the content of many groups of plants are different. We recommend that you determine to which group your pet is assigned to determine further activities.

Liriodendron tulip, or tulip tree

TULIP TREE is a tall deciduous tree of the Magnoliaceae family that grows naturally in eastern North America. Botanical name: Liriodendron tulip (lat.Liriodendron tulipifera). On the territory of the Russian Federation, tulip trees are acclimatized in the humid conditions of the Sochi subtropics of the Black Sea coast of Russia, where they are used in landscape design.

The genus is represented by two species, one of which grows in North America, the other in China. The Chinese species is more thermophilic and less decorative, differs from the American relative more small leaves and yellow-green flowers.

At home in North America, these trees are appreciated and loved for their beauty and practicality, pests bypass them, and foliage absorbs dust well. In Japan, the tulip tree is called “the lily tree”.

Chinese Tulip Tree (Liriodendron chinensis) In nature, it is a popular ornamental plant known as the Chinese tulip tree (Liriodendron chinensis). Widely distributed in mountainous evergreen deciduous forests in the Yangtze River Basin in China, extending further south into northern Vietnam. The climate in the growing areas is mild or cool, humid. Grows in the form of a low tree (up to 15 m) or shrub. Discovered in nature at the beginning of the 20th century, the Chinese tulip tree was introduced to culture by Ernest Wilson in 1901. Flowers up to 6 cm in diameter, greenish outside and yellow inside, do not have orange spots at the base of the inner side of the petals. It grows quickly and thrives on all types of fertile soils, but nevertheless it is much less common in culture than the American species.

Liriodendron tulipifera The American type of tulip tree is distinguished by its extremely high decorative qualities; powerful in size, tree up to 50 m tall; a slender, columnar trunk covered with light gray smooth bark, which cracks only in old trees; beautiful crown shape - from wide-pyramidal to round-hipped; large, original-shaped flowers - weakly fragrant, tulip-shaped in shape, which served as the basis for the species name, with greenish-white sepals bending downward and greenish-yellow petals with a large orange spot; very ornamental, bluish-green, lyre-shaped leaves up to 15 cm long, colored in autumn in golden tones.

All these qualities make it a valuable material for garden and park construction and planting of greenery in populated areas. Its decorative value is further increased by resistance to pests and diseases, low susceptibility to smoke and soot. Effective in single and group plantings, small groves, where silvery columnar trunks, highly cleared of branches, make a great impression. Exceptionally decorative in alley and ordinary street plantings. Relatively frost-resistant, withstands a short drop in temperature to -30 ° C, picky about light, moisture and soil composition, does not tolerate excess lime. Wind-resistant, durable, lives up to 500 years. Propagated by seeds, layering, cuttings, grafting. In youth it tolerates pruning well. In culture since 1688.

Botanical description of tulip liriodendron

The average height of a tree is 25-36 meters, in some specimens, especially in woodlands, it often exceeds 50 meters. The crown is high, pyramidal in young trees, acquires more oval outlines with age. The trunk is straight, massive, 60-150 cm in diameter. The bark of young trees is smooth, light gray-green; in more mature ones it is uneven, with white rhomboid grooves. Leaves are alternate, simple, with finger-veined, wide, light green or green. In autumn, the leaves turn golden yellow. The shape of the leaves is unusual, somewhat reminiscent of a tulip flower - lyre-shaped, consisting of four lobes, with an inverted heart-shaped, notched apex. The leaf petioles are long, 7-10 cm. The stipules are large, embracing the branch. The buds are elongated, folded, shaped like a duck's beak.

The flowers resemble a tulip bud (hence the name), about 6 cm in length, bisexual, with pale green or yellow (rarely white) petals and an orange corolla, exude a faint aroma, and give a large amount of nectar. Perianth strictly three-membered, consisting of three outwardly bent leaves and six - forward directed and supplied with nectaries, located in two circles. Numerous stamens and pistils are located on an elongated axis. Flowers bloom one by one at the end of the branches. The flowering period occurs in late May - mid June. The tulip tree is considered one of the most honey-bearing plants in the eastern United States.

The fruit is an oblong cone-shaped formation about 5 cm long, consisting of a base and lionfish that fall off when ripe. Each lionfish is about 4 cm long, has one wing and contains a tetrahedral seed, one end attached to a cone-shaped spike, and the other to the wing. Fruit ripening occurs in August-October, seed spreading occurs in late autumn or winter; tufts of lionfish often remain on the tree until spring and resemble dried leaves.

The tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera) is known in the United States as the "yellow poplar" and is of great importance for the timber industry. In English technical literature, it is referred to as "white tree" or "canary white tree". The wood is lightweight, well processed and polished; It is used for the production of peeled plywood, for the cases of musical instruments and radio receivers, as carpentry and packaging timber, for pulpwood for the paper industry.

Garden plants

Tulip tree

Tulip tree at home

If you decide to plant a liriodendron in your personal plot, then the following information will be useful to you. The tulip tree is quite resistant to various diseases and pests. In addition, it has a low susceptibility to soot and smoke. This tree is distinguished, like all magnolia trees, by its soft, fragile, fleshy roots. Therefore, during the transplanting process, it is very important to take special care in order to prevent damage to the root system. Liriodendron can be transplanted during the entire warm period, from April to mid-November (for the climate of Ukraine and southern regions of Russia).

The tulip tree is quite wind-resistant, its lifespan is 500 (!) Years. Just like magnolias, it can easily withstand frosts down to -25 ° C, provided there are no strong winds. When the temperature drops to -30 ° C for a long period, frosting of the branches may occur, like in walnuts and magnolias.

Propagated by layering, cuttings, grafting, seeds. You need to know that when multiplying by seeds, you will have to wait a very long time for the first flowering. The crown is well formed by pruning. A tulip tree takes root well at home and does not require special care. It was noticed that when cultivated outside its natural climate, liridendrone does not show aggression towards local species and takes root well in a new place.

Flowering period

Liriodendron has a very original form of inflorescences. In shape, they resemble a tulip (size 6-10 cm) with green-white sepals and yellow-green petals with a large orange spot bending downwards. But in terms of fragrantness, the liriodendron has nothing to brag about. Flowers have a weak aroma, reminiscent of the smell of fresh cucumber. They bloom gradually, one at the end of the branch. Flowering lasts for two to three weeks, from late May to mid June. Amateur beekeepers should know that liriodendron is very attractive to insects, since it emits a lot of nectar. When a tulip tree blooms, a real holiday comes for bees, because it is rightfully considered one of the most honey-bearing plants. If you put a plucked flower in a warm and bright room, then you can collect a full teaspoon of nectar from it.

Decoration of any park

You should know that the tulip tree (the photos given in the article will allow the reader to see this blooming miracle in all its glory) is very impressive not only in the flowering process, but also during the rest of the time. Its columnar silvery trunks, stripped of twigs, look very elegant. In addition, the tulip tree has a luxurious crown, the shape of which can be different - from rounded hipped to wide pyramidal. It has rather interesting ornamental lyre-shaped leaves (up to 15 cm long) of a bluish-green color, which are painted in golden tones in the autumn period. The peculiarity of the crown is that the upper branches always bend in one direction. The branches of the tree seem to be covered with wax, and in the place of the break they have a pleasant spicy aroma. And how beautiful are the alleys along which these trees are planted! Especially when their branches intertwine, forming a flower dome. The average crown height reaches 30-35 m, and real giants with a height of about 60 m can be found in the forests. Liriodendron is rightfully considered one of the most beautiful ornamental trees. During the flowering period, it simply catches the eye to its crown, where thousands of flowers are collected.

Varieties

In ancient times, liriodendron grew throughout the territory of modern Europe, as evidenced by numerous archaeological finds. Today, two types of tulip trees are widespread: North American and Chinese. Both are characterized by rapid growth. If one species is adjacent to another, then they easily interbreed with each other. As a result, the resulting hybrid grows faster than either of its "parents".

African tulip tree

In West Africa, another species of tulip tree grows - bell-shaped spatodea. For large bright inflorescences it is also called "forest flame", "fire tree", "ball lightning". Spatodea belongs to the Bignonium family. In nature, this evergreen tree grows quite quickly and reaches 15 meters in height.

It blooms all year round, therefore, it is often planted in parks and urban gardens in the tropics and subtropics. Unlike wild trees, cultivated spatodea are smaller. The mature plant has dark green foliage, which emphasizes the beauty of the bright red flowers. When it rains, the African tulip tree collects water in its flowers, which attracts birds to it. Hummingbirds love to feast on the nectar that is produced in flowers in large quantities... Softwood is home to many bird species that make nests in it.

However, despite its fragility and softness, the wood of spatodea bell-shaped has the ability to withstand fire. In West Africa, drums are made from it, and in Singapore, paper is made. Due to its powerful antibacterial effect, the leaves and bark of this plant are successfully used in folk medicine.

There are more than 200 plant species in the magnolia family. About a hundred decorative varieties have been obtained. In spring, magnolias bloom in large flowers similar to, for which they are popularly called tulip trees. Blooming magnolia always looks very impressive in photos and videos. There is a magnolia not only in the city parks of southern cities and greenhouses, it can be seen in the courtyards of houses and gardens in the middle zone. Plants are acquired as seedlings or grown from seeds. Planting and grooming have their own characteristics, but are generally pretty standard. Based on reviews and descriptions, select a variety for the climate of your region to get the expected result.

In Russia, only White-flowered magnolia is found in the wild. You can meet her on the Kuril Islands. In subtropical regions, large-celled magnolias have been bred for landscaping resort cities. The following varieties are especially popular:

• Exon (pyramidal crown with oval foliage);
• Praverti (subspecies of magnolia with a pyramidal crown);
• Galissonian (can tolerate light frost);
• Round-leaved (small, in comparison with other types of flowers, dark green color of the leaves);

Some magnolia varieties can grow in the middle lane

• Lanceolate, Narrow-leaved (two varieties similar in appearance);
• Famous (it is distinguished by the large size of flowers, wide shiny leaves).

There are also hybrid varieties obtained by crossing two species. Soulange's hybrid is the most famous and widespread. These are low deciduous trees with flowers of various colors. From this hybrid, breeders have derived many forms: Krasnaya, Alexandrina, Nemetsa and others.

In the countries of southern Europe, they love the Nude magnolia. The plant is distinguished by pure white flowers and a crown no more than 9 m in height. They are distinguished by good decorativeness and unpretentiousness: Black magnolia and Graceful magnolia.

Magnolia varieties for the northern regions

The Kobus variety and its more frost-resistant form f are well adapted to snowy winters. borealis. Cultivation of the latter, possibly even in the Leningrad region. The culture is distinguished by a beautiful pyramidal crown. The flowers are large, creamy white with a delicate pleasant aroma. The northern form of the variety and Kobus itself tolerate gas pollution well.

Attention! Kobus grown from seeds will bloom only after 30 years.

TO winter-hardy varieties magnolia is also attributed to the Star. These are compact shrub forms up to 5 m or trees up to 2.5 m high. The variety got its name from the shape of its petals. Magnolia Star bloom begins in March, before the foliage blooms. One of the most early varieties... There are two most common forms:

• Keiskaya;
• Pink.

Magnolia Cobus

Low, branched shrubs with abundant flowering.

Magnolia Cucumber (Pointed) has high frost resistance. It is often used as a rootstock for thermophilic varieties. The trees are large, up to 30 m high.

Another frost-resistant hybrid is Lebner's magnolia. Gardeners note the amazing aroma of flowers, a beautiful crown, and unpretentious content. Flowers, white with a slight pinkish color, bloom in April.
Varieties that are more sensitive to cold weather: Ash and Siebold magnolias, Wilson. Young plants require shelter for the winter.

Magnolia from seed

An interesting feature of magnolia seeds is the inability to dry storage. If you are purchasing material for planting, then it must be ripe berries. Sometimes, the seeds are sold in wet agroperlite / vermiculite. Check for mold, bad smell. One low-quality seed quickly infects the rest.

Ripe fruits are harvested in autumn. The seeds are not stored, but after being prepared for planting, they are sown in containers with a universal substrate.

Magnolia seeds

Magnolia seed is covered with a hard shell. To improve germination, the material is scarified. It is also necessary to remove the top oily layer by washing in soapy water. Seeds are laid to a depth of 3 cm and the containers are placed in a cool place. Watering begins at the end of January.

Advice! The depth of containers for planting is at least 30 cm.

In March, the boxes are transferred to the window sills in the room. Water in moderation, monitor the condition of the soil. After the end of the frost, the "young" are taken out into the street. Until autumn, magnolias grow up to 40 cm. The first wintering for plants is arranged in a cool basement, covering the roots with peat. You can leave magnolias on the glazed loggia, balcony. The pot itself is insulated. Some gardeners prefer a deep framed greenhouse with additional cover. In the open ground, magnolias from seeds are planted in the third year. The first flowering occurs at 7-9 years. Some varieties are much later.

Outdoor planting and care

Magnolia prefers light, moist soil. The soil for young seedlings is prepared as follows:

1. Peat.
2. Sod land.
3. Compost.

The proportions are 1: 2: 1. The planting hole is dug much more than the root system. The earth is carefully sprinkled on top, evenly spreading. It is not necessary to compact the layers by force, this will harm the plant. Since magnolia has many superficial roots, loosen the soil very carefully. Especially near the trunk itself.

Attention! Repeated transplanting is detrimental to magnolia.

In dry summers, the magnolia must be watered. It is advisable to take soft water. Two buckets of water are enough for one plant every 2-3 days. Moisture stagnation and swamp should not be arranged. Two years after planting, the first fertilizing is carried out with a min.complex. Calculation for 10 liters of water:

• carbomide - 15 g;
• ammonium nitrate - 20 g;
• mullein infusion - 1 kg.

Magnolia care - watering, feeding, pruning

One small tree needs 30 liters of solution.

For sanitary purposes, dried branches and branches directed towards the inside of the crown are pruned. This improves appearance and the growth of young shoots.

For the first 2-3 years, magnolias planted in the ground are sheltered for the winter. To do this, use straw, spruce branches. Peat with sand is sprinkled on the roots. The trunk is covered in several tiers, wrapping up to the second branches. A short tree can be completely covered with agrotextile.

Magnolia is resistant to various pests. It does not require additional protection against insects.

Magnolia in medicine and legends

In addition to its decorative effect, magnolia has some beneficial features... V folk medicine use all the terrestrial parts of the plant. Herbal medicine with magnolia normalizes blood pressure. Essential oil has a vasodilating effect, heals colds... Cardiotonic properties have also been proven. At the same time, magnolia is poisonous, the infusions should be cooked and consumed carefully, observing the proportions. Magnolia is used in perfumery to create aromatic compositions.

Magnolia is prized in the herbal medicine and perfume industry

Magnolia is a fossil plant. Its remains were found in layers that are about 95 million years old. The relic culture has many legends and myths. In Feng Shui, magnolia is a symbol of dignity and wealth. Among the ancient Celts, magnolia is one of the signs of the flower horoscope. Magnolia people love beauty, persistent in their achievements, ambitious. For the Chinese, magnolia is the personification of female beauty and purity. According to legend, the first magnolia grew out of the bodies of beautiful Chinese captives.

Magnolia is a plant of amazing beauty and history. Thanks to the work of breeders, it has become possible to grow a flower-tree in almost any latitude. Do not be afraid to plant magnolias in your backyards, this "pearl" will thank you with abundant spring blooms.

Magnolia from seeds: video