When the facility is put into operation, it is mandatory that the pump station be surveyed by representatives of the fire department and local services of Gosgortekhnadzor. Changing the category of power supply when the PS is put into operation is coordinated with the representatives of the district's power grids. After the controlled operation of the PS, an act of acceptance into operation is drawn up.

13. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS DURING OPERATION AND REPAIR OF MECHANICAL AND PROCESS EQUIPMENT OF OPS

13.1. Operation, repair, installation of equipment for objects of main oil pipelines, carrying out technical diagnostics and equipment control by non-destructive control methods should be carried out by organizations that have a special permit (license) from the Gosgortekhnadzor bodies of Russia to carry out these types of activities. Licenses are issued in accordance with the procedure established by the "Regulations on the procedure for issuing special permits (licenses) for activities associated with increased danger industrial production(objects) and works, as well as ensuring safety in the use of subsoil "dated 03.07.93 register No. 296.

13.2. Operation, maintenance and repair of equipment of oil pumping stations (OPS) of main oil pipelines should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the "Rules technical operation main oil pipelines "[], "Safety rules for the operation of oil trunk pipelines" [], "Fire safety rules during operationtion of main oil product pipelines "," Rules for the construction and safe operation of pressure vessels "and this Manual.

13.3. Responsibility for conducting renovation works and diagnostic checks of the PS equipment are carried out by the facility managers. An admission order must be issued for all types of work.

13.4. Workers of repair shops and sections must be provided in accordance with the established lists and standards with personal protective equipment (PPE), overalls, special food. The issued overalls and safety footwear must meet the requirements.

13.5. Noise levels at the workplaces of production and auxiliary premises and on the territory of the oil pumping station must correspond to the values ​​specified in Art. Areas with a sound level or equivalent sound level above 85 dB must be marked with safety signs according to. Those working in these areas must be provided with PPE in accordance with GOST 12.4.051-87.

13.6. Vibration levels at workplaces should not exceed the values ​​specified in.

13.7. The illumination of the oil pumping station territory, as well as the illumination inside the production premises in any place must comply with the established standards and guarantee the safety of the repair work. Portable hand-held lamps must be powered from a network with a voltage of not more than 42 V, and in case of an increased risk of electric shock, no more than 12 V. The use of fluorescent lamps for portable lighting that is not mounted on rigid supports is prohibited.

13.8. Hoisting-and-transport machines and mechanisms used in the repair of oil pumping station equipment should be operated in accordance with the requirements of PB-10-14-92.

13.9. Mechanisms and fixtures used for repairs must be periodically tested. The list of mechanisms and devices, the frequency and type of tests must be determined by the heads of the relevant services and approved by the chief engineer of the RNU.

Foreign devices, equipment, tools used in repair work and diagnostic checks must have a permit for use issued by the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia in the manner established by RD 08-59-94 "Regulations on the procedure for the development (design), admission to testing and serial production of a new drilling , oil and gas production, geological exploration equipment, equipment for pipeline transport and design of technological processes included in the list of facilities controlled by the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia "dated 03.21.94.

13.10. Ventilation installations of industrial premises must be in good condition and operate according to automatic or remote control and redundancy schemes. In the event of a failure or ineffective ventilation, work must not be carried out.

13.11. The air monitoring system shall provide an alarm when the concentration of oil vapors and gases corresponds to 20% of their lower flammable limit. Stationary gas detectors must have a sound and light signal with access to the control room and at the place of installation of the sensors, be in good condition, and their operability must be checked at least once a month.

13.12. To carry out temporary hot work in explosive and fire hazardous and fire hazardous premises (facilities), in all cases, a work permit is issued, which provides for the entire scope of work during the period specified in it. Before starting, after each break and during hot work, periodically (at least 1 hour later), it is necessary to monitor the state of the environment in the hazardous area near the equipment on which the specified work is carried out, in the hazardous area of ​​the production facility (territory) using portable gas analyzers.

13.13. When stopping the pumping unit for repairs (short-term technical inspection), it is necessary to hang up posters with the inscription "Do not turn on, people are working!" on a de-energized electric drive, a starting device and closed valves at the oil outlet (inlet) from the pump, remove the fuses.

When stopping pumps in automated pumping stations in case of failure of the automation, the valves on the suction and discharge pipelines should be closed manually immediately.

13.14. When repairing pumps with opening in an operating pumping station, the electric drives of the gate valves must be de-energized, have a mechanical lock (mechanical lock) of the drive against accidental opening. Work is allowed to be performed only with an intrinsically safe (copper-plated, beryllium bronze, etc.) tool.

13.15. When repairing pumping units associated with dismantling the diaphragm between the pumping room and the electrical room or when removing the intermediate shaft, the "window" between the rooms must be closed. When installing the intermediate shaft or diaphragm without stopping the running pumps, working area additional monitoring of the state of the environment with portable gas analyzers should be carried out.

13.16. It is prohibited to start up the main and booster pumping units without switching on the appropriate protections at the pump station.

13.17. It is prohibited to start new commissioned ones after overhaul and unexploited more than 6 months of the main and booster pumping units of oil pipelines without checking the serviceability of the instrumentation.

Checking the operation of blocking systems and automatic protection systems at a given value must be carried out in accordance with the schedule approved by the chief engineer of the RNU and recorded in the logs.

13.19. Instrumentation and control devices for automatic control and protection of PS equipment must have measurement limits corresponding to the range of monitored technical and technological parameters.

13.20. When carrying out repair work in the rooms of manifold, pressure control units and wells, they should be systematically cleaned of oil contamination and checked for the absence of explosive concentrations of vapors and gases.

Gate valves located in wells, chambers and trenches should have convenient drives that allow them to be opened (closed) without lowering the maintenance personnel into the well or trench.

13.21. Used for repair work and maintenance the tool must be made of non-sparking material; Impact and cutting tools during use must be lubricated with greases after each single use.

13.22. The opening and closing of the capacitive valves should be carried out smoothly, without the use of levers.

In case of freezing of the tank fittings, steam or hot water should be used to warm it up.

13.23. At the time of repair work with the use of open fire, a fire post from the employees of the on-site fire protection should be installed on the production site and the number of fire extinguishing equipment should be increased.

A safe method of performing hot work in tanks (except for water tanks) can be applied after degassing them using a special ventilation unit. It is allowed to carry out hot work only after taking an analysis of the air inside the container and laboratory confirmation of its safety for performing these works.

At the end of the hot work, the place of their conduct must be carefully checked and cleaned of hot cinders, scale and smoldering objects, and, if necessary, watered with water.

13.24. Operation and repair of boilers, steam heaters and economizers must be carried out in accordance with the requirements [,,].

Before inspecting and repairing elements working under pressure, if there is a risk of burns to people by steam or water, the boiler must be separated from all pipelines with plugs or disconnected; disconnected pipelines must also be plugged.

When the corresponding sections of pipelines, steam, gas pipelines and gas ducts are disconnected, as well as on the starting devices of smoke exhausters, blowing fans and fuel feeders, posters "Do not turn on, people work!" Should be posted on valves, gate valves and dampers. In this case, the fusible links must be removed from the starting devices of the specified equipment.

13.25. When carrying out conservation work, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of the guidelines of the Ministry of Health of Russia, when using corrosion inhibitors - sanitary standards.

13.26. When repairing mechanical and technological equipment, measures should be taken to prevent direct and indirect impact on environment... It is necessary to strictly observe the law of the Russian Federation "On environmental protection natural environment"Dated 19.12.91, to comply with the requirements of the current regulatory and methodological documentation, to eliminate the consequences of pollution in a timely manner.

SCROLL
normative and technical documents used in the development of this RD

1. RD 39-0147103-342-89. Methodology for assessing the operational parameters of pumping units of oil pumping stations of main oil pipelines. - Ufa: VNIISPTneft, 1989.

2.GOST 6134-87. The pumps are dynamic. Test methods.

3. RD 153-39TN-010-96. Flaw detection of main shafts oil pumps. Methodology and technology. - Ufa: IPTER, 1997.

4. E. Gate valves for nominal pressure PN 25 MPa (250 kgf / cm 2). General technical conditions.

5. ... Shut-off pipeline fittings. Valve tightness standards.

6. GOST 1770-74E. Laboratory glassware. Cylinders, beakers, flasks, test tubes. Technical conditions.

7. Rules for the construction and safe operation of stationary compressor units, air lines and gas pipelines. - M .: Metallurgy, 1973.

8. Rules for the construction and safe operation of steam and hot water boilers. - M .: NPO OBT, 1993.

9. Rules for the construction and safe operation of steam and hot water pipelines. - M .: NPO OBT, 1994.

10. RD 3415.027-93. Welding, heat treatment and control of pipe systems of boilers and pipelines during the installation and repair of power plant equipment (RMM-1s-93). - M .: NPO OBT, 1994.

11. ... Methodical instructions for carrying out technical examination of steam and hot water boilers, vessels operating under the pressure of steam pipelines and hot water... - M .: NPO OBT, 1994.

12. RD 39-0147103-360-89. Instructions for the safe conduct of welding during the repair of oil and oil product pipelines under pressure. - Ufa: VNIISPTneft, 1989.

13. Instructions for the technological process of overhaul of oil pipelines with the replacement of the insulating coating and simultaneous re-laying into a new trench. - Ufa: VNIISPTneft, 1989.

fourteen. . Drinking water. Hygiene requirements and quality control.

15. Rules for the technical operation of water supply and sewerage systems in populated areas. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1979.

16. Rules for the protection of surface waters from sewage pollution. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1985.

17.. ESZKS. Temporary anti-corrosion protection of products. General requirements.

18. GOST 23216-78. Electrical products. General requirements for storage, transportation, temporary corrosion protection and packaging.

19. RD 39-30-114-78. Rules for the technical operation of oil trunk pipelines. - M .: Nedra, 1979.

20. Safety rules for the operation of main oil pipelines. - M .: Nedra, 1989.

21. Fire safety rules for the operation of main oil product pipelines. - Rosneftegaz Corporation, Transneft Company, 1992.

22. Rules for the design and safe operation of pressure vessels. - M .: NPO OBT, 1994.

23. ... SSBT. Protective equipment for workers. General requirements and classification.

24.. SSBT. Noise. General safety requirements.

25. ... SSBT. Signal colors and safety signs.

26. GOST 12.4.051-87. SSBT. Personal protective equipment for hearing organs. General technical requirements and test methods.

27. ... SSBT. Vibration safety. General requirements.

28. ... Construction safety.

29. PB-10-14-92. Rules for the construction and safe operation of cranes. - M .: NPO OBT, 1994.

30. ... SSBT. General sanitary and hygienic requirements for the air in the working area.

31. ... Sanitary design standards industrial enterprises... - M .: Gosstroyizdat, 1972.

32. PPB-01-93. Fire safety rules in Russian Federation.

33. TU 39-00147105-01-96. Vibration isolating com complex pension system (VKS) of the main unit NM. Technical conditions for installation and acceptance.

34. ЕИМА.302661.012.TO. Compensating branch pipe. Technical description and instruction manual. Severodvinsk. PO "Sevmash", 1993.

35.1683.500 PS, 1683.600 PS, 1655.000 PS, 1652.000 PS, 1683.000 PS, 1688.000 PS. Passport and installation instructions for elastic compensating couplings UKM units 16ND10x1, 14N12x2, NM 500-300, NM 1250-260, NM 3600-230 (NM 7000-210), NM 10000-210, respectively. Ufa, IPTER, 1995-97

36. Instructions for the use of welded rubber-metal arched shock absorbers on ships. Issue 9406, chipboard.

37. Instructions for the use of welded rubber-metal shock absorbers of the arched type APM on ships. Edition 11789, chipboard.

38. ЕИМА.304242.007 PS. Shock absorber AGP-2.1. Passport, instructions for installation and operation. Severodvinsk. PO "Sevmash", 1992

39. Rules for the design and safe operation of steam boilers with a steam pressure of not more than 0.07 MPa (0.7 kgf / cm 2), hot water boilers and water heaters with a water heating temperature not higher than 388 K (115 ° C). NPO OBT, Moscow, 1992.

40. Rules for the technical operation of communal heating boiler houses. NPO OBT, Moscow, 1992.

41. ... Typical technical conditions for the repair of steam and hot water boilers in industrial power engineering. Approved. Gosgortekhnadzor RF 4.07.94

42. ... Methodological guidelines for the survey of enterprises operating steam and hot water boilers, pressure vessels, steam and hot water pipelines. Resolution of Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia dated 30.12.92 No. 39 NPO OBT, Moscow, 1993.

43. Regulations on the system of technical diagnostics of steam and hot water boilers in industrial power engineering. Acc. with Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia on 15.06.92.

44. A-27750. Hot water boilers. Instructions for technical diagnostics. Developed. NPO TsNTI, Dorogobuzh boiler plant.

45. Regulations on the procedure for extending the service life of vessels at energy enterprises of the Ministry of Fuel and Energy of the Russian Federation. Agreed with Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia 09.02.93

46. ​​Methodology for predicting the residual life of the safe operation of vessels and apparatuses by changing the parameters of the technical state. Developed by: Tsentrkhimmash. I agree. with Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia 05.04.93

Technological processes in the Kaltasy LPDS pumping station are accompanied by significant noise and vibration. The sources of intense noise and vibration include back-up (20НДсН) and mainline (НМ 2500-230, НМ1250-260) pumps, elements ventilation systems, pipelines for moving oil, electric motors (HLW - 630m, 2АЗМВ1 2000/6000) and other processing equipment.

Noise affects the organs of hearing, leads to partial or complete deafness, i.e. to occupational hearing loss. This disrupts the normal activity of the nervous, cardiovascular and digestive systems, resulting in chronic diseases. Noise increases the energy consumption of a person, causes fatigue, which reduces the production activity of labor and increases waste in work.

Long-term exposure to vibration on a person causes professional vibration disease. Effects on biological tissue and nervous system vibration leads to muscle atrophy, loss of elasticity of blood vessels, ossification of tendons, disturbance of the vestibular apparatus, decreased hearing acuity, deterioration of vision, which leads to a decrease in labor productivity by 10-15% and is partly the cause of injury. Normalization of noise at workplaces, general requirements for the noise characteristics of units, mechanisms and other equipment are established in accordance with GOST 12.1.003-83.

Table 4. - Permissible values ​​of the sound pressure level in the pumping shop and vibration of the pumping unit

Measurement location	Sound level, dB	Normally acceptable, dB	Maximum speed, mm / s	Emergency maximum, mm / s
Pumping station
Bearing vibration: a) pump b) engine
Body vibration: a) pump b) engine
Vibration of the foundation

Protection against noise and vibration is provided by SN-2.2.4. / 2.1.8.566-96, consider the most typical measures for a pumping shop:

• 1.remote control of equipment;
• 2. sealing of windows, openings, doors;
• 3.Elimination technical deficiencies and equipment malfunctions that are a source of noise;
• 4. timely scheduled preventive maintenance according to the schedule, replacement of worn parts, regular lubrication of rubbing parts.

As individual funds to protect against noise, headphones or antiphones are used.

To reduce or eliminate vibration, SN-2.2.4. / 2.1.8.566-96 provides for the following measures:

• 1.Correct design of the bases for equipment, taking into account dynamic loads and their isolation from load-bearing structures and engineering communications;
• 2. centering and balancing the rotating parts of the units.

Workers exposed to vibration should undergo regular physical examinations.

General and local vibration act differently on the human body, therefore, different maximum permissible values ​​have been established for them.

The normalized parameters of the general vibration are the rms values ​​of the oscillatory speed in octave frequency bands or the displacement amplitudes, excited by the operation of equipment (machines, machine tools, electric motors, fans, etc.) and transmitted to workplaces in industrial premises (floor, work platforms, seat) ... The regulated parameters are introduced by the sanitary norms СН 245-71. They do not apply to vehicles and self-propelled vehicles in motion.

The permissible values ​​of vibration parameters given in the standards (Table 12) are intended for permanent workplaces in industrial premises with continuous exposure during a working day (8 hours).

Table 12

If the duration of exposure to vibrations is less than 4 hours during the working day, the permissible values ​​of vibration parameters indicated in the table should be increased by 1.4 times (by 3 dB); when exposed to less than 2 hours - twice (by 6 dB); when exposed to less than 2 hours, three times (by 9 dB). The duration of exposure to vibrations must be justified by calculation or confirmed by technical documentation.

For hand-held machines, the maximum permissible vibration levels have been introduced by GOST 17770-72. Their parameters determine: the effective values ​​of the vibrational speed or their levels in the octave frequency bands at the points of contact of the machines with the hands of the worker; pressing force (feed) applied in the process of work to the manual machine by the hands of the worker; the mass of a manual machine or its parts, perceived in the process of work by the hands of the worker.

The permissible values ​​of the vibrational speed and their levels in the octave frequency bands are given in table. 13.

Table 13

Note. In the octave band with a geometric mean frequency of 8 Hz, the control of the values ​​of the oscillatory speed should be carried out only for hand-held machines with a number of revolutions or beats per second less than 11.2.

The standards for manual machines also determine the pressing force and mass of the machine, and for pneumatic drives - the values ​​of the applied force.

The force of pressing (feeding) applied by the hands of the operator to the manual machine and necessary for stable and productive work is set by standards and technical conditions for certain types of machines; it should not exceed 200 N.

The mass of a hand-held machine or its parts, perceived by hands, the force of gravity or its component, transmitted to the hands of the worker in the process of work, should not exceed 100 N.

The surfaces of machines in places of their contact with the worker's hands must have a thermal conductivity coefficient of no more than 0.5 W / (m * K). General safety requirements for manual pneumatic machines are established by GOST 12.2.010-75, which contains safety requirements for the design and operation of machines, as well as requirements for methods of monitoring vibration parameters.

The design of the machine must comply with the requirements of GOST 17770-72 with the following additions: the design of the machine must provide vibration protection for both hands of the operator; have working tool guards; the location of the exhaust vents is such that the exhaust air does not interfere with the operator's work. Impact machines must be equipped with devices that exclude spontaneous departure of the working tool during idle shocks.

The use of machines for performing operations not provided for by their main purpose is allowed. However, if at the same time the vibration exceeds the established levels (GOST 17770-72), then the duration of the work of one operator should not be more than the established "Recommendations for the development of work regimes for workers in vibration-hazardous professions", approved by the USSR Ministry of Health, the USSR State Labor and Wages Committee and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions 1 -XII 1971

On manual controls for pneumatic drives and devices, the magnitude of efforts should not exceed during operation: with a hand - 10 N; hand to the elbow - 40 N; with the whole hand - 150 N; with two hands - 250 N.

Controls (handles, handwheels, etc.), with the exception of remote control panels, should be located relative to the platform from which control is performed, at a height of 1000-1600 mm when servicing the drives while standing and 600-1200 mm when servicing while sitting.

Technical requirements for vibration measurement and control at workplaces are established by GOST 12.4.012-75.

Means of measurement should ensure measurement and control of vibration characteristics of workplaces (seat, work platform) and controls under operating conditions, as well as determination of the mean square value of vibration velocity averaged over the time of measurement in absolute and relative values. It is allowed to measure the root-mean-square values ​​of vibration acceleration in absolute and relative values ​​and vibration displacement in absolute values.

Means of measurement should ensure the determination of vibration in octave and third octave frequency bands. The characteristics of octave and third-octave filters are taken in accordance with GOST 12.4.012-75, but the dynamic range of the filter must be at least 40 dB.

Means of measurement should ensure the determination in octave frequency bands of the root-mean-square values ​​of vibration velocity relative to 5 * 10 -8 m / s in accordance with table. 14 and vibration acceleration relative to 3 * 10 -4 m / s 2 in accordance with table. fifteen.

Table 14

Table 15

Measuring instruments are carried out in the form of portable instruments.

GOST 30576-98

INTERSTATE STANDARD

Vibration

CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
NUTRITIONAL THERMAL
POWER PLANTS

Vibration standards and general measurement requirements

INTERSTATE COUNCIL
FOR STANDARDIZATION, METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION

Minsk

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the Interstate Technical Committee for Standardization MTK 183 "Vibration and Shock" with the participation of the Ural Thermal Engineering Research Institute (JSC UralVTI) INTRODUCED by the State Standard of Russia 2 ACCEPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (Protocol No. 13 - 98 dated May 28, 1998. ) Voted for adoption: 3 By the Decree of the State Committee of the Russian Federation for Standardization and Metrology dated December 23, 1999 No. 679-st, the interstate standard GOST 30576-98 was put into effect directly as a state standard of the Russian Federation from July 1, 2000 4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

INTERSTATE STANDARD

Vibration

CENTRIFUGAL FEEDING PUMPS OF THERMAL POWER PLANTS

Vibration standards and general measurement requirements

Mechanical vibration. Centrifugal feed pumps for thermal stations.
Evaluation of machine vebration and requirements for the measurement of vibration

Date of introduction 2000-07-01

1 area of ​​use

This standard applies to centrifugal feed pumps with a power of more than 10 MW driven by a steam turbine and an operating speed of 50 to 100 s -1. The standard sets the standards for the permissible vibration of bearings of centrifugal feed pumps in operation and put into operation after installation or repair and general measurement requirements The standard does not apply to the pump turbine drive mountings.

2 Normative references

In this standard, references to the following standards are used: GOST ISO 2954-97 Vibration of machines with reciprocating and rotary motion. Requirements for measuring instruments GOST 23269-78 Stationary steam turbines. Terms and definitions GOST 24346-80 Vibration. Terms and Definitions

3 Definitions

In this standard, terms are used with the corresponding definitions in accordance with GOST 23269 and GOST 24346.

4 Vibration standards

4.1 As a normalized vibration parameter, the root-mean-square value of the vibration velocity is set in the operating frequency band from 10 to 1000 Hz during stationary operation of the pump. 4.2 The vibration state of feed pumps is assessed by the highest value of any vibration component measured in accordance with 5.2.1 in the operating range for the feed water flow rate and pressure. mm · s -1 over the entire operating range of the pump and with the total duration of operation determined by the acceptance rules. 4.4 Long-term operation of centrifugal feed pumps is allowed when the vibration of the bearing supports does not exceed 11.2 mm level in a period not exceeding 30 days. 4.6 Operation of feed pumps with vibration exceeding 18.0 mm · s -1 is not allowed.

5 General requirements for measurements

5.1 Measuring apparatus

5.1.1 Vibration of feed pumps is measured and recorded using stationary equipment for continuous monitoring of vibration of bearing arrangements that meets the requirements of GOST ISO 2954.5.1.2 Before installing stationary equipment for continuous monitoring of vibration of pumps, it is allowed to use portable instruments whose metrological characteristics comply with the requirements of GOST ISO 2954.

5.2 Carrying out measurements

5.2.1 Vibration is measured at all bearing arrangements in three mutually perpendicular directions: vertical, horizontal-transverse and horizontal-axial with respect to the axis of the feed pump shaft. 5.2.2 The horizontal-transverse and horizontal-axial components of vibration are measured at the level of the pump shaft axis. unit against the middle of the length of the bearing shell on one side. Sensors for measuring the horizontal-transverse and horizontal-axial vibration components are attached to the bearing housing or to special areas that do not have resonances in the frequency range from 10 to 1000 Hz and are rigidly connected to the support, in the immediate close to the horizontal connector. 5.2.3 The vertical component of vibration is measured on the upper part of the bearing cover above the middle of the length of its liner. 5.2.4 When using portable vibration equipment, the vibration monitoring frequency is set by the local operating instructions depending on the vibration state of the pump.

5.3 Registration of measurement results

5.3.1 The results of vibration measurements during the commissioning of the pump unit after installation or overhaul are drawn up with an acceptance certificate, which indicates: - date of measurement, names of persons and names of organizations conducting measurements; - operating parameters of the pump unit at which measurements were taken (pressure at inlet and outlet, flow rate, speed, temperature of feed water, etc.); - diagram of vibration measurement points; - name of measuring instruments and the date of their verification; - vibration value of bearing supports obtained during measurement. During the operation of the pumping unit, the vibration measurement results are recorded by instruments and entered into the operating record of the turbine unit operator. In this case, the operating parameters of the turbine unit (load and consumption of live steam) must be recorded. Key words: centrifugal feed pumps, norms, bearing support, vibration, measurements, control

Installation and piping of pumping units (HA) are carried out according to the project. Adjustment and testing are carried out in accordance with the requirements of the relevant instructions of the manufacturers.

Assembled pumps with motors are installed on foundations and aligned with the reference axes, in plan and in height, with the accuracy specified by the project.

The frames and pumps are securely anchored to the foundation prior to strapping. After connecting the suction and discharge pipelines, the alignment of the pump unit is checked. The alignment accuracy is established by the factory instructions for the pumps being mounted, and in the absence of such instructions, the accuracy should be within:

• runout - radial - no more than 0.05 mm;
• axial runout - no more than 0.03 mm.

The alignment is checked manually by turning the pump and motor shafts connected by couplings. The shafts should turn easily without jamming. The alignment of pump and motor shafts is measured with appropriate instruments (indicators, etc.).

Booster and main pumps, before installation, are subjected to individual hydrotesting in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Hydraulic testing of the inlet and outlet pipes of the booster and main pumps and the collector of the pumping station after installation and repair are carried out in accordance with the project documentation. Test conditions must comply with the requirements of SNiP III-42-80. Inlet and outlet and manifold tests can be carried out in conjunction with the pumps.

Engineers and technical workers of LPDS, substations responsible for the operation and start-up of the scientific equipment (electromechanic, instrumentation and automation engineer, mechanic), before the first start-up or start-up of the scientific equipment after repairs, must personally check the readiness for operation of all auxiliary systems and the implementation of measures for technical and fire safety:

• make sure that the system is functioning no later than 15 minutes before starting the main units supply and exhaust ventilation in all premises of the substation;
• check the readiness of the electrical circuit, the position of the oil switch (starters), the state of the instrumentation and automation equipment;
• make sure that the auxiliary systems are ready to start;
• make sure that the main scientific equipment and shut-off valves are ready for launch according to the technological scheme;
• check the flow of oil to the bearing units, the fluid coupling of the pumps and the coolant to the oil coolers (if they are air, then, if necessary, make sure that they are connected);
• check that the required air pressure is present in the air chamber of the joint shaft in the dividing wall (or in the motor housing).

In normal operation, these operations are carried out by the personnel on duty (operator, driver, electrician, etc.) in accordance with their job descriptions and instructions for the operation and maintenance of equipment.

Before the start of operation of the pumping station, instructions should be prepared, which should indicate the sequence of operations for starting and stopping auxiliary and main equipment, the procedure for their maintenance and personnel actions in emergency situations.

Do not start up the unit:

• without switching on the supply and exhaust ventilation;
• without the included oil system;
• when the pump is not filled with liquid;
• in the presence of technological malfunctions;
• in other cases stipulated by instructions (job description, equipment operation, manufacturer's instructions, etc.).

It is forbidden to operate the unit if the tightness of the connections is broken; during the operation of the unit, it is forbidden to tighten the threaded connections under pressure, to perform any actions and work that are not provided for in the instructions, regulations, etc.

At non-automated substations, an emergency stop of the scientific equipment must be carried out in accordance with the instructions by the duty personnel, including:

1. when smoke appears from seals, oil seals in the dividing wall;
2. in case of significant leakage of oil products on the operating unit (splashing of oil products);
3. when a metallic sound or noise appears in the unit;
4. with strong vibration;
5. when the temperature of the bearing housing is higher than the limits set by the manufacturer;
6. in case of fire or increased gas pollution;
7. in all cases that pose a threat to the operating personnel and the safety of the equipment operation.

The pressure drop between the shaft air chamber and the pump room must be at least 200 Pa. After stopping the HE (including after putting it into reserve), the air supply to the air chamber of the seal does not stop.

Pumps, fluid couplings and motors must be equipped with devices that allow you to monitor operational parameters or signal that their permissible limit values ​​are exceeded. The conditions for the installation and use of these devices are given in the respective manufacturer's instructions.

Supply and exhaust systems ventilation of pumping stations (main and back-up) and gas control systems in these rooms should operate in automatic mode. In addition to automatically turning on the supply and exhaust ventilation and turning off the pumps, manual control of the fans should be provided on site; The emergency stop button for the pumping station should be located outside the pumping station building near the front door.

Pump casings must be grounded independently of the grounding of their electric motors.

The blowdown and drainage valves of the pumps must be equipped with pipes for the removal and discharge of the product into the leak collector and further into the leakage collection container located outside the pumping house. Discharge of the blowdown and drainage products of the pumps into the pumping station atmosphere is prohibited.

After an unscheduled shutdown of the equipment, it is necessary to find out the reason for the shutdown and do not start this unit until it is eliminated. The personnel on duty must immediately inform the dispatcher of the department of the operating organization and the neighboring substations about the shutdown of the unit.

The input of the reserve main or booster unit in automatic mode is carried out with a completely open intake and closed flow-out (pressure) valve or both open valves. In the first case, the opening of the valve on the pump discharge can begin simultaneously with the start of the electric motor or ahead of the start of the engine by 15 - 20 s. In accordance with the design, another procedure for starting the standby scientific equipment in automatic mode may be provided.

Automatic input of the backup main, booster unit or unit of one of the auxiliary systems (oil systems, back-up systems for chambers without rinsing connections, etc.) is carried out after disconnecting the main one without time delay or with a minimum (selective) time delay.

When starting up a station with a sequential piping scheme for R&D, it is recommended to start trunk R&D against the flow of oil, that is, starting from a larger unit number towards a smaller one. In the case of starting only one HA, it is possible to start any of the ready for operation.

HA is considered as a backup if it is in good working order and ready for operation. All valves, gate valves on the HA piping system, contained in reserve (cold), must be in the position provided for by the design and operating instructions.

HA is considered in hot standby if it can be put into operation as needed without preparation or in ATS mode.

Control over the operation of the NA substation is carried out by the operator using the instruments installed on the automation panel or by the values ​​of the parameters on the monitor screen. During normal operation of the equipment, the monitored parameters of scientific equipment in accordance with the established list must be recorded in a special log every two hours. If the equipment parameters deviate from the specified limits, the faulty unit is stopped and the backup unit is started. In this case, the operator on duty must record in the operational log the value of the parameter, due to which the shutdown of the operating unit occurred. Automatic registration of the corresponding parameter is carried out immediately by a special emergency recorder with the issuance of its value and name on the monitor screen.

During the operation of the equipment, it is necessary to monitor its parameters in accordance with the instructions, in particular:

• for the tightness of the equipment piping (flanged and threaded connections, pump seals);
• pressure values ​​in the oil system and coolant (air), as well as during the operation of supply, exhaust and general ventilation systems, other mechanisms and systems.

If leaks and malfunctions are found, measures must be taken to eliminate them.

The installation of gas analyzers sensors in the pumping room should be provided in accordance with the design at each pump in the places of the most probable gas accumulation and leaks of explosive vapors and gases (stuffing box, mechanical seals, flange connections, valves, etc.).

Electric motors used to drive mainline pumps when placed in a common room must have an explosion-proof design corresponding to the category and group of explosive mixtures. When non-explosion-proof electric motors are used to drive pumps, the electrical room must be separated from the pump room by a dividing wall. In this case, special devices are installed in the dividing wall at the junction of electric motors and pumps to ensure tightness. dividing wall(diaphragms with chambers of non-rimmed connections), and an excess air pressure of 0.4 - 0.67 kPa must be provided in the electrical room.

Start-up of the station is prohibited when the air temperature in the electrical room is below + 5 ° С, in any start-up mode (automatic, remote or local).

Lubrication system

The installation of the oil system is carried out according to the drawings of the design organization in accordance with the oil supply scheme of the main ND, with the installation drawings and instructions of the manufacturers. The design should provide for a backup lubrication system for the main equipment, which ensures the supply of oil to the units in case of emergency shutdowns. After graduation installation works the pressure and drain lines and oil tank must be cleaned and flushed, filters must be cleaned and replaced.

At commissioning works ah, oil is pumped through the oil system, oil flow through the HA bearings is adjusted by selecting throttle washers or a locking device. The oil system is checked for tightness of flange connections and fittings.

During commissioning, the reliability of oil supply from the accumulating oil tank (if provided) to the HA bearings is checked when the oil pumps are stopped to ensure that the main HA runs out.

During the operation of the HE, the temperature and pressure of the oil at the inlet to the bearings of the units, the temperature of the bearings, etc. should be monitored. The mode in the oil cooling system must be maintained within the limits set by the technological protection setpoints and ensure the temperature of the bearings of the units does not exceed the maximum permissible values.

The level in the oil tanks and the oil pressure must be within limits to ensure reliable operation of the pump bearings and electric motors. The control of the oil level in the oil tanks is carried out by the personnel on duty. The oil pressure in the oil system is automatically controlled, the main pumping units are provided with automatic protection against minimum pressure oil at the inlet of the pump and motor bearings. The control points for temperature, level and pressure in the lubrication system are determined by the project.

The oil in the lubrication system must be replaced with fresh oil in established by the instruction operating time or after 3000 - 4000 hours of equipment operating time.

For each type of HA, the frequency of sampling from the lubrication system must be established to check the quality of the oil. Samples should be taken in accordance with GOST 2517-85 “Oil and oil products. Sampling methods ".

It is prohibited to use oils of grades that do not correspond to those recommended by the manufacturer (firms) in the bearing lubrication system.

Oil from the supplier is accepted if there is a certificate of conformity and a certificate of quality for the oil. In the absence of these documents, the acceptance of the oil must be carried out after carrying out the appropriate physical and chemical analyzes for the compliance of its parameters with the required ones and the issuance of a conclusion by a specialized laboratory.

Installation of lubrication system elements (pipelines, filters, refrigerators, oil tanks (s), etc.) must comply with the project and ensure the gravity flow of oil into the oil tank (s) without the formation of stagnant zones; the values ​​of the installation slopes must comply with the requirements of the normative and technical documentation. Filters should be located at the lowest points of the system or parts of it. The elements of the lubrication system (filters) must be periodically cleaned within the time specified in the instructions.

For each type of pump and engine, oil consumption rates are set based on factory and operational data.

In the oil pump (oil rim), a PS, NP, etc. approved by the technical manager must be posted. flow diagram of the lubrication system indicating the permissible values ​​of the minimum and maximum oil pressure and temperature.

Cooling system

The timing and methods of cleaning the cooling cavities of units and heat exchangers of the cooling system from scale and contaminated water should be established depending on the design of the cooling system, the degree of contamination, hardness, and water consumption. Cooling system pipelines should be made with a slope, which ensures self-draining of water through special taps or fittings.

It is necessary to check the absence of oil or oil in the cooling water at least once a shift. In case of detection of the latter, measures are taken to immediately identify and eliminate the damage. The results of the every shift check for the presence of oil or petroleum product in the water should be recorded in the logbook.

The cooling system must exclude the possibility of increasing the water pressure in the cooled cavities of the unit above the limit specified by the manufacturer. The liquid cooling temperature in front of the radiators of the electric motor should be no more than + 33 ° C.

The external elements of the cooling system (pipelines, fittings, cooling tower, tanks) must be timely prepared for work in winter conditions or emptied and disconnected from the main system.

Air intake for engine cooling is carried out in accordance with the project in places free of oil vapors, moisture, chemicals, etc. above the limiting norms. The temperature of the air supplied for cooling the motors must comply with the design and the manufacturer's instructions.

The pumping room must have a technological scheme of the cooling system approved by the technical manager of the LPDS, PS, NP, indicating the permissible pressure and temperature of the cooling medium.