PVA glue construction universal specifications. Expert PVA glue universal

PVA glue with confidence can be called the most popular and universal adhesive composition. It is used by tile, joiners, painters, schoolchildren, office workers. This is a real find for gluing in domestic and industrial purposes. We propose to get acquainted with this material better, more to learn about its properties, types and spheres of application.

Characteristics of glue - what does he owe his versatility?

In 1912, a polyvinyl acetate was obtained for the first time. His creator German scientist Fritz Klutt. After a couple of years, the development of a scientist has gained a massive character and began to be issued for commercial purposes. Today, the production of glue PVA per year is more than 10,000,000 tons, without it difficult to imagine the life of the master and ordinary person.

Decryption of PVA glue - polyvinyl acetate. This is the main active substance that is included in the glue. In addition to him, the glue includes other additives that give plasticity. Thanks to plasticizers and polyvinyl acetate, the glue seam is supplied elastic and is not deformed when bending, as it often drops with other adhesive compositions. Appearance Glue - thick, creamy mass with a sharp smell of vinyl alcohol. And this is not surprising, because if it is delighted into the composition of the adhesive in more detail, it is a solution of polyvinyl acetate in water, plasticizers and special additives. Universal PVA glue possesses the following characteristics:

• the elasticity of the adhesive seam is comparable to paper;
• glue seam is resistant to frost and bend;
• high degree of adhesion (clutch) and fixing the material inherent in more expensive adhesive compositions;
• the composition of the adhesive does not include toxic additives, so it can be used both outside and inside the building;
• explosion and fire safely;
• dissolved in organic acids;
• it is used in rooms with high humidity of air to 80%;

Varieties of glue - what to apply in everyday life and industrial purposes?

PVA glue has found its application in different fields of activity. Laying tiles, plating wallpaper, gluing plastic, cardboard, paper, plywood, use as an additive in the glass industry. To obtain maximum result When fixing certain materials, we will analyze in more detail the varieties of this universal retainer.

Let's start with the simplest - stationery glue PVA. This glue is well known to schoolchildren, students and their parents, because it is used to glue the standard things that are used in everyday life: cardboard, paper, photos. The stationery glue is absolutely safe, when entering the skin does not cause allergic reactions, so even children operate with it. Among the disadvantages of the nominal stationery glue, PVA can be distinguished low resistance to moisture and negative temperature.

In industrial purposes and repair work, construction glue PVA is used. The list of basic materials that can be fixed with each other include: paper, vinyl and fiberglass surfaces. The technical characteristics of the construction glue make it possible to use it as an additive that increases the adhesion of building mixtures (putty, plaster, primer).

Separately, specialized construction locks are isolated, for example, pva carbon black glue. It is widely used with wood for working with wood, has increased moisture resistance.

PVA-M glue is designed to work with vapor-permeable materials. Due to this composition, the glue seam is obtained as strong as possible, and its application does not require compliance with certain rules. The masters use this glue to work with ceramic tiles, fixing the joints of the floor covering, leather Products, porcelain, fiberboard (chipboard), plywood, glasses and wood. PVA-M glue super has increased frost -40 ° C.

To quickly fix the plates of laminate and parquet between themselves, we advise you to use the glue PVA moment. It is enough to press the fixed parts of the material among themselves, and the glue is instantly grasped.

PVA dispersion is an additive to the building solutions that are used in the printing, shoe, textile and glass industry, as well as in the production of packages, household chemicals and paints and varnish products. The reason for the addition of dispersion is increased adhesion and strength of the product. PVA glue is also used as the basis for the production of wallpaper glue, which fixes finishing material On a paper basis to different surfaces (concrete, plaster, wood, cement).

And if you are lost, which composition is suitable for your material, then it is better to stop on the universal PVA glue. It has a wide range of action that allows:

• glue fabric to wooden, metal, glass surface;
• use as an additive for putty, primers and cement mixtures water based;
• fix outdoor coating (carpet, linoleum, tile);
• gluitive synthetic materials on the paper base, cork, vinyl;
• fix the sheets of chipboard, fiberboard, MDF, decorative plastic.

Features of applying and surface preparation

Before applying PVA glue to the surface, it should be carefully degreased, get rid of dust and dirt. Foreign particles and traces from adhesive materials will interfere with the clutch with the surface, reach maximum adhesion will not work. In addition to cleanliness, also take care so that the surface is dry. If you apply PVA glue to smooth and smooth surface, Sand it with fine-grained emery paper or grater. Grungy foaming or foam concrete pre-ground.

We divor into concentrated PVA glue according to the instructions, and also take into account the features of the materials that we will fix. For example, for fastening sheets of fiberboard and plywood glue can not be diluted, but for the other surfaces, the proportions are always different, indicated by the manufacturer. When applying glue on the wallpaper thoroughly sprinkle the cloth on the wall with a dry cloth so that bubbles are not formed on the surface.

When working with an outdoor coating, use a toothed spatula. It is convenient to recall the adhesive composition, distributing it with a smooth layer and removing excess. When the wood, cardboard and other cellulosic materials are connected, we rinse the joints with a thin layer, we press them together for 1 minute, and after put under load. Acting on such a scheme, we get the connection as long as possible. The drying time of the polyvinyl acetate adhesive depends on the thickness of the application, however, complete polymerization occurs after a day.

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PVA glue is an indispensable product, which first appeared on the market somewhere in 1914. It is used in every sphere of human livelihoods and still has no worthy analogs, because specifications PVA glue is affected by its indicators.

Types of glue PVA

A 95% PVA glue consists of a polyvinyl acetate, which sometimes add plasticizers, thickeners and various target additives. The composition of such a product usually depends on its purpose.

Today there are several main types of glue:

• Own. It is intended for fixing paper and washing wallpapers on any types of surfaces;
• Universal. This type of glue is intended for gluing any kind of surfaces: wood, cardboard, paper, leather;
• Building. High-quality construction glue PVA is usually applied during installation. outdoor coatings, during facing ceramic tile and for fixing various decorative elements;
• Clerical. This type of glue is used to glue photos, paper and cardboard;
• Joiner. The composition of PVA glue for carpentry purposes is usually included with various additional substances that enhance its properties and waterproofability.

Application

The scope of PVA glue is very wide. It is practically daily used in everyday life, at school, at work, on industrial enterprises and warehouses, at factories and in offices, on construction sites and during repair work.

Technical characteristics of PVA glue

PVA glue is a universal tool that has amazing indicators:

• Low flow rate, depending on the type of work, varies from 100 to 900 g / m2. As evidenced by the Glove of PVa, one bottle of such a means can be enough for a whole year, but, of course, everything will depend on the scale and type of work for which it will be used;
• Full drying occurs after 24 hours;
• High adhesive ability - 450 N / m;
• Fire safety;
• Explosion safety;
• Non-toxicity;
• Elasticity (i.e., during the frozen, it does not become fragile dilisms, so that they can fill out gaps with a thickness of several millimeters);
• Shelf life - from six months to one year;
• Frost resistance - more than four cycles.

Benefits

The main advantages of PVA glue are in its affordable cost, excellent specifications and versatility. As already noted above, this product can be easily used for absolutely any surfaces! In addition, such glue is fireproof, so it can be easily used in any rooms for any materials.

disadvantages

The main disadvantages of PVA glue are low water resistance and a long duration of drying. However, such disadvantages are eliminated today with special additives.

How to use PVA glue?

So that you can fully appreciate all the advantages of this product, it is necessary to choose it to competently. PVA glue should have a thick structure, white color and homogeneous mass. View photos and video Overview of PVA glue can be right in this article! It should also be remembered that the high-quality goods cannot cost the delicious penny.

Semit good glue, you should not hurry to use it, because for this it is worth very carefully to prepare the surface. The working surface should be completely purified from dirt and all kinds of dust. If the surface has a porous and uneven structure, then it must be carefully treated with primer or sandpaper.

Before applying glue should be shaken with a brush. It is applied a very thin layer, and then the surface is carefully pressed to each other. As it was already noticed, the term of complete drying is 24 hours, so for a good result of the surface should not be touched throughout the day.

If you need to glue something, first of all remember the most common PVA glue. It is available in every home and office, applies not only for gluing ordinary paper, but also in construction, industry. And this is due to its simple composition, allowing you to change the use of special additives input.

A bit of history

In the distance, 1912, the German clutta was able to receive Vinyl acetate from Acetylene gas. A new substance as a result of polymerization became a sticky. But only before World War II, American Farben adjusted PVA glue.

Four years later, Korean, conducting independent research, receives a vinalon, the basis of which is polyvinyl alcohol. So PVA glue, the price of which is less than many other adhesive compositions, received distribution worldwide.

On the territory of the former Soviet Union to the mass production of PVA began at the beginning of the seventies of the twentieth century in Severodonetsk (Lugansk region). Our grandmothers still remember that before in schools in labor lessons for gluing paper, glue was used with the unusual name "Hummirabik". And in the difficult post-war years they prepared adhesive houses from starch or ruled potatoes.

And now we do not imagine how you can do without glue PVA.

PVA glue: characteristics

This is a wonderful and familiar tool possesses many valuable properties. Its adhesive ability is 450 n / m. Due to its elasticity and homogeneity, it is applied with a thin layer, which becomes invisible after drying. Paper, plow, can be easily bent, it does not break after drying.

A huge advantage is non-toxicity and ingrediability, which allows it to apply to children in the lessons and in everyday life. The mesmer smell that is used to use glue is harmless. All types of glue, except PVA-K (stationery), withstand a fourfold freezing without loss of properties. If necessary, it is divorced by water or other solvents, such as acetone. Drying time depends on the layer thickness and does not exceed 24 hours.

Its liquid base allows you to introduce various additives in PVA glue, the composition of which changes in the desired side. Thus, new varieties of familiar glue were developed.

PVA varieties

Thanks to the additives expanded PVA glue.

We list the main areas of use:

• domestic use (gluing stationery);
• use when repairing (stacking wallpaper, linoleum);
• installation of ceramic tiles;
• application in construction as additives.

Description of species of glue

Stationery PVA glue, the composition of which does not contain toxic additives, is used to glue paper, children's creativity. Due to the absence of other solvents, in addition to water, harmless to children can be used in closed premises without hoods.

The most common variety of PVA is universal. It has an extensive scope of application. They can glue porcelain, glass and paper. It is added to the primer, putty when repairing the premises to enhance the binding properties.

Household PVA is used for sticking wallpaper, tight paper. It is distinguished by increased frost resistance.

PVA super glue has a viscous consistency at the expense of plasticizers, so used for fastening tiles, plastic, metal. Its main use is the construction industry.

PVA stainary glue has increased moisture resistance and is used to connect wooden products.

Another kind of popular glue - PVA "moment". It is characterized by its property of instant gluing surfaces without power effort, pressing. It can be used for fastening laminate, parquet and other surfaces.

Features of some varieties of PVA

Construction PVA is applied not only as an independent adhesive composition, but also as an additive to various building materials. The correct name of the construction glue is the dispersion of homopolymer polyvinyl acetate. Due to the thickness of the composition, the construction glue is applied with a spatula. And the bonded surfaces must be thoroughly cleaned from dust and degreased.

PVA glue, the composition of which includes a plasticizer, should not be cooled below zero degrees, otherwise it loses its properties. At the same time, glue not containing such additives is able to withstand frost forty degrees, without losing its adhesive properties after defrosting. If a refrigerant film is formed on the surface of the adhesive mass, then it must be removed, and mix thoroughly. To prevent the adhesive drying, it is stored in a carefully closed container.

PVA glue: composition

Consider the main components that are added to the glue to change its adhesive properties. This raw material is added at the production stage and is divided into the following groups:

• adhesive substances;
• solvents;
• plasticizers;
• fillers;
• hardeners;
• stabilizers.

The ratio of the above components and gives the necessary properties different types glue.

Adhesives to which starch and resins include strength when connected.

As solvents used acetone, gasoline and others. Intensifying water resistance and heat resistance, they reduce the strength of the adhesive layer. Therefore, the content of solvents in PVA is minimal.

So-called plasticizers give flexibility therefore PVA, it can be easily bent, without breaking the connections. Plasticizers include glycerin,

To improve the strength of the adhesive mass, fillers are added: kaolin, talc, chalk.

To reduce the timing and hardening, use small additives of glass, porcelain or metal.

To increase the glue, stabilizers are introduced into its composition, which include styrene inhibitors, different nitro compounds.

PVA glue, the price of which depends on the purpose and the presence of certain components is still recognized as the cheapest and affordable. It costs from 26 rubles per kilogram. It is more suitable for sticking wallpaper. The universal glue PVA brand "Rainbow", "Bolls" will cost more - from 65 rubles per kilogram.

Original methods of applying PVA

In addition to the usual ways to use PVA glue to glue the paper or during repair, the craftsmen find it more original use.

For example, connecting the gouache and PVA, you can draw on canvas or other surfaces. It turns out a wonderful alternative to expensive oil or acrylic paint. Thanks to the glue, the gouache well falls on the material, it holds for a long time. If I did not like the result, everything is easily washed away, and you can begin first.

Women use glue for manicure. It can be applied to the nails as the basis for lacquer with sparkles. Due to its non-toxicity, it is harmless to nails and at the same time easily removed without the use of solvents.

If you apply glue on the cuticle around the nail, you can not fear that the varnish will fall on the skin. The strip of glue with varnish residues is instantly removed after drying.

Storage conditions

For storage of PVA glue, the composition of which complement the volatile solvents, use closed containers, which are contained at a temperature of from five to ten degrees of heat.

PVA glue is perhaps the most popular type of adhesive compositions. It is used by everything - from schoolchildren and students to the builders.The main component of the PVA glue is a polyvinyl acetate, from which the name occurred. In addition to PVA in the glue, there is a slight amount of additional additives that improve the quality of glue. It is a thick white or yellow mass.

Scope of application

PVA glue is used in construction and repair work - shook wallpaper, linoleum and even tiles. Often the PVA is added to the mortar, increasing the adhesive properties and the declaration of the solution. Also, this glue has found wide use in the joinery: it perfectly glues wooden furniture connections.

What can be glued with PVA glue:

1. paper;
2. Cardboard;
3. Tree and its derivatives (DVP, chipboard, etc.);
4. Skin;
5. Fabric;
6. Metal;
7. Ceramics;
8. Porcelain.

PVA glue is quickly grasped, in a few minutes of glue seam dries and becomes transparent. Thanks to this, you can also glue transparent products. After a day, seams finally harden.

Types of glue PVA

For ease of use, this glue is produced in several varieties. They differ in insignificant changes in the proportions of components, drying time, frost resistance and other characteristics.

1. Glue plow household

It is widely used in repair work, in particular, for sticking paper wallpapers on wooden or twisted surfaces.

2. PVA glue Universal (PVA-MB)

It is used when sticking wallpaper, and also glues other surfaces - wood, cloth, leather. Added to construction concrete solutions, primer, putty.

3. PVA Glue Super (PVa-M)

Blesses all the listed surfaces, and also applied when sticking ceramic tiles and linoleum.

4. PVA Glue Stationery (PVA-K)

This glue is familiar to each schoolchild. It is used mainly for gluing paper and cardboard, including photos. It has good adhesive properties, but less waterproof, in contrast to other types of PVA glue.

5. PVA Glue Dispersion (Polyvinyl chloride dispersion)

The strongest and rapid look of PVA glue. Widely applied in production, including in glass, shoe, textile industry, as well as in construction. The dispersion of PVA can be found as part of paints and varnishes and even cigarette filters.

Working with PVA glue

The glue is applied with a thin layer on one of the surfaces. Bonded surfaces must be clean and low-fat. After this surface, they are connected to each other and pressed.

Adhesive this type was widespread due to its availability, versatility and safety. Work with PVA glue can be carried out without protective products, as it does not contain toxic substances. Therefore, scientists do not seek to develop new adhesives that could compete with PVA, but work only on improving the existing recipe.

Each of us is familiar with the most early years With the emulsion of polyvinyl acetate, it is so called PVA glue, the composition of which will be mentioned below. At school I. children's garden Without this mixture, no lesson of visual creativity was done. Becoming an adult, we got acquainted with this universal composition.

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It is indispensable in the repair process when you have to glue the ceiling and outdoor tiles, wallpaper, parquet, and repair furniture. This glue is the need for professionals from different spheres. It is part of primers and emulsion colors, and is also quite widely used in typography for gluing books. It can be found in carpentry workshops and at construction site. For different spheres, the described mixture has its own ingredient composition. Different components can affect glue properties.

Basic varieties of plow glue

As practice shows, PVA glue can be used to connect almost any surfaces. Use the composition of schoolchildren and builders, the last of which are glued with a mixture with a mixture, connect the parts that are ground. This list cannot be called complete. For each type of work, its species of PVA glue is used.

The household is also called the wallpaper, it is used when sticking to paper and vinyl wallpaper. PVA-M glue can be used not only to solve the above tasks, but also for gluing linoleum, as well as surface facing tiles. With it can be glued different materials, somehow:

• the cloth;
• skin;
• porcelain;

Features of the universal and construction glue

You can find the glue universal, which allows you to connect the combined surfaces. It is suitable for the following grounds:

• skin;
• paper;
• cardboard;
• metal;
• glass;
• tree;
• carpet;
• linoleum;
• sickle;
• facing tiles.

Construction glue has an advantage over the rest of the mixtures of this group. It can be used even to lay the parquet. Stationery glue is designed to connect photographic paper, cardboard and paper. It is them most often used schoolchildren.

Specifications

PVA glue, the composition, the technical characteristics of which will be disclosed in the article, is a sour creamy thick mixture, which has the smell of vinyl alcohol. This product is a dispersion of the PVAD, all kinds of additives and plasticizers. The glue is not poisonous and harmless to the skin. All his additives are environmentally safe.

Among the main characteristics, excellent adhesive ability should be isolated, which reaches 550 n / m. The composition is a moistureproof, resistant to water, explosive and fireproof, is not toxic and can be used even in playgrounds.

PVA glue, the composition of which you need to know if you wish to purchase this mixture for repair, dries with a minimum shrinkage, if there is a lumen, it fills them well. As a result, it is possible to obtain a transparent thin film, which is characterized by high strength. With certain substances, the mixture can be dissolved, which expands the use area. Glue has a low cost, so available for many consumers.

It is possible to use the composition as an auxiliary substance with putty and primer. The mixture is capable of increasing the adhesion and perfectly bore the surface. Depending on the layer thickness, 1 kg will be enough for 5 m 2. The product is frost-resistant, it is able to withstand up to 6 cycles of freezing and thawing.

The layer completely dries in 12-24 hours, which depends on the temperature of the medium. The layer is elastic. For example, paper glued together can be easily folded in half. In the drying process, the mixture does not deform the product and does not deform itself. Under the influence of sunlight, the composition does not destroy, which speaks of its light-resistance.

Structure

PVA glue, the composition of which will be mentioned below, is manufactured at different enterprises, so it may differ in properties and specifications. However, in the factories, the main stages are used, among them:

• preparation of raw materials;
• crushing ingredients;
• weighing proportions;
• processing of substances;
• mixing;
• cooking;
• upholding;
• bottling;
• packing.

PVA glue, the composition of which can be varied, is a solution of polyvinyl acetate in water. In the production process, plasticizers and substances are added that are able to strengthen the properties. Polyvinyl acetate is a polymer without smell and taste, which has no color. It is obtained in the polymerization of vinyl acetate in emulsion or solution. This uses the reaction initiator and stabilizing additives.

The composition of the glue of PVA universal looks like this:

• polyvinyl acetate 85-95%;
• water 0-10%;
• plasticizers 5%;
• special additives within 0.5%.

As for plasticizers, the EDOS or Dibutyl pletthalate can perform as them. If necessary, reinforce individual properties are added substances that allow you to use glue more efficiently in different spheres. For example, strength can be achieved by adding the following ingredients:

• kaolina;
• talca;
• chalk.

As for the increase in waterproof, it can be obtained thanks to gasoline and acetone. However, these additives reduce strength characteristics. If you increase the volume of plasticizers, then the glue will be more elastic. Among such substances, oil and glycerin should be isolated. Chemical composition PVA glue can assume the presence of metal, porcelain or glass, it allows you to speed up the process of frozen. In order to increase the shelf life, manufacturers add nitro compounds and stabilizers by type of inhibitor and styrene.

The composition of the glue of the stationery of PVA and PVA-M

The composition of the glue of PVA stationery suggests the following ingredients:

• silicate;
• lithium polysilicate;
• sodium;
• potassium.

This substance comes exclusively in liquid form. Material represents water solution With the addition of modifying additives and plasticizer. The composition of the solid stationery glue is characterized by the main substance. A polyvinyl acetate or polyvinylpyrrolidone can be played as it, the last of which is denoted by the PVP abbreviation.

The stationery glue can be represented by a universal composition, extra-mixture or superclaim, by name you can determine the degree of fortress. For use in the stationery, universal glue is recommended, while two other brands are mainly used in the production of furniture and in the field of construction. As for the composition of the glue PVA-M, in this case, the dispersion of polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, glue CMC, kaolin, axylbenzosulfonate and other substances should be mentioned.

Composition and technical specifications of the construction glue PVA

The composition of the construction of PVA construction assumes the presence of the following ingredients:

• pVA dispersion;
• thickener;
• cellulosic series;
• technical water;
• defoamer;
• preservative.

A mixture is used to add to plaster mixes, cement mortar and when carrying out work on laying tile tile. For joinery and gluing a tree, the mixture is not used. It can undergo about 5 cycles of freezing and thawing. Storage temperature reaches +50 ° C. It is important to protect the container from direct sunlight and moisture exposure.

The thickness of the aligned layer is 2 mm maximum. Before use, the composition should be mixed thoroughly. It is added to the solution only after pre-dilution with water. At the same time, the relation, which is equal to 500 grams per 10 liters of water. When gluing cardboard and paper products, applying should be carried out with a thin layer on one surface, and after the elements are connected together and pressing well. Working with composition is recommended at a temperature not lower than 10 ° C, while relative humidity should not exceed 80%.

Preparation of the composition for whitewashing trees using plow glue

For whitewashing trees, the spring composition with PVA glue is perfect. This will protect plants from pests. Typically, the same recipe and the ratio of components are used. You can add casein glue to the PVA, it allows you to make a moisture-resistant composition that will be resistant to precipitation.

The use of PVA glue is justified here and for the reason that the composition is distinguished by the available cost. However, you should be prepared for the fact that the mixture is worse than the rest will allow trees to breathe. The second variant of the solution is more complicated in preparation, it should be purchased for it:

• clay;
• haired lime;
• fungicide;
• pVA glue.

Before starting work in the bucket, two parts of the lime and one part of the clay should be stirred. The latter is pre-soaked to dissolve lumps. At the final stage, 300 g of oxide should be added, and after - 100 g of glue.

Conclusion

PVA glue is distinguished by unique characteristics, but in order to achieve a positive result, it is necessary to pre-prepare glued surfaces. To do this, they are well treated, cleaned from dust and dirt, check how dry items. The level of their humidity should not exceed 4%. If the mixture is assumed to be applied to smooth walls, they are pre-treated with a skin for better adhesion.