How to get rid of whitefly on tomatoes in a greenhouse: the most effective and safe ways. Whitefly on greenhouse tomatoes: signs of damage and methods of control Whitefly in a greenhouse on tomatoes as

Recently, summer residents are increasingly asking the question: how to keep a rich harvest without pests? To grow healthy vegetables, it is necessary not only to take care of them daily, but also to deal with garden pests.

One such malevolent insect is whitefly... How to get rid of it, this article will tell you, which provides methods of dealing with whiteflies, as well as preventive measures, thanks to which you can keep the harvest intact.

- a tiny light yellow insect with large white wings, similar to a moth, ranging in size from 1 to 3 mm. These garden pests are native to the tropics, and in order to fight them, you first need to find out how much harm the whitefly can do.

So, the whitefly can do the following harm to plants:

The insect lays eggs on the underside of the plant's leaf. The larvae hatched from the eggs stick to the leaf and begin to drink the sap of the plant, which is why it withers and dies over time.
Reproduction. Since the pest multiplies quickly, several generations of this insect can be on one sheet. Big amount they release a sticky mass that promotes the fungus' feeding environment.
Transfers viral infections.

Sources of Whitefly Infection:

plant residues;
contaminated soil;
seedlings purchased from the greenhouse.

Signs of tomato damage

Signs of whitefly damage to tomatoes:

Withering of the plant on which the whitefly settled;
Rolling seedling leaves;
The appearance of white dots;
Formation of yellow spots on the leaf plate;
Drying;
The appearance of necrosis on the fruit;
Cessation of shoot growth.

How to get rid of a whitefly in a greenhouse?

This annoying moth has adapted to survive in warm climates with high humidity (for example, greenhouses, hotbeds, greenhouses).

To get rid of a pest, you need to follow certain actions:

it is necessary to plant the plants so that they are not too close to each other;
install ventilation in the greenhouse so that the plants get optimal temperature regime and could be ventilated.
use drugs that strengthen the health of the plant;
do not get rid of ladybirds and lacewings - they are enemies of the whitefly.

Exists biological methods of fighting whitefly in the greenhouse. They imply the use of natural enemies of this pest.

Processing tomato seedlings should be carried out in two cases:

in connection with the anticipation of small insects;
in connection with the treatment of an already progressive disease.

When growing tomatoes in a greenhouse, the main thing is not to overdo it with watering and high humidity. It is often necessary to loosen the ground and do top dressing, while experienced gardeners it is advised not to use manure as fertilizer. It is best to put some chicken droppings in each hole before planting so that the tomato root system remains hardy different types disease.

A greenhouse for growing tomatoes is needed if the gardener wants to get ripe fruits... And in order for the soil to promote the growth of the plant, it must not only be weeded, but also dried, get rid of weeds and fertilized.

Means of struggle

Whitefly control agents:

It is recommended to use glue-based traps to catch white moths., which you can make yourself from pieces of plywood, having previously greased them with petroleum jelly or rosin with honey. It is imperative to paint the traps yellow, as the whitefly pulls towards it. To set the trap correctly, you need to place the twine with the trap at the top of the plant. Then shake all the plants several times so that the insects fly to the trap and stick there. Then you should get rid of the used bait and make a new one. We discussed earlier.
Manual washing of leaves. To begin with, it is recommended to independently collect the whitefly from the leaves. Then spray the seedlings with soapy water and rinse with water. This will remove the sticky residue from the leaves and wash away the fungus.
The use of smoke bombs. Experienced experts advise to first collect the tops, and then disinfect the soil. It is best to set it on fire at night, and then get rid of top ground, in which the whitefly larvae will be.
Fighting with garden plants. To prepare an infusion of garlic, you need 100-150 grams of garlic per 1 liter of water. Keep this tincture for 5 days in a tightly closed container. After this, the plants should be sprayed.
The use of pesticides. This is a last resort for pest control and is only recommended if all else fails. You should read the instructions for use in advance to take into account which of them are applied once, and which require a course of procedures.

Fumigation

Any summer resident asks the question: how to treat the greenhouse from pests? One of the means to combat whiteflies is to fumigate the greenhouse. For prevention, fumigation should be carried out a couple of times per season.

There are three types of drugs:

Smoke bomb. Experts advise doing the treatment in the spring. Greenhouses for whitefly are also treated in early autumn, while all seedlings should be taken out into the air. During fumigation, the plants should be gradually introduced into the greenhouse by treating them with a suitable insecticide. Those gardeners who do not want to take their plants out into the air use a smoke bomb with a special preparation. As a result, not only whiteflies will die, but also their pupae with larvae.
Sulfur candle. Sulfur candle spreads sulfur, which negatively affects all living things. Therefore, you should first read the instructions for use before using this pest control method. After using the candle after two days, it is worth carefully ventilating the greenhouse.
Tobacco checker. A tobacco checker, like a smoke checker, can be used inside the greenhouse without harm to plants. Its smoke does not affect the seedlings. However, after using the checker, it is advisable to dig up all the soil in order to get rid of the extinct whitefly larvae.

Chemical treatment

The next method of dealing with whitefly is use of chemicals... They are used in cases where other means have not been effective.

Today, gardening stores offer a huge selection of drugs to combat garden pests. There are many well-known brands and each of them has instructions for use.

Effective drugs:

"Verticillin Zh"... Affected plants should be sprayed twice at intervals of one week to 10 days.
"Confidor"... Produced by single spraying of seedlings. The drug is diluted in 1 liter of water.
"Actellik"... The product is sold in ampoules. Diluted with 1 liter of water. It is used only during the appearance of insects.
"Pegasus"... It is used according to the same principle as "Verticillin Zh".
"Rovikurt"... Dilute 10 grams of the chemical per 10 liters of water. It is used for mass accumulation of whiteflies.
"Fufanon"... After applying this insecticide, after 2 hours, insects cease to exist. Valid for one month.

Systemic insecticides

From a wide variety of drugs, the following can be distinguished:

Biotlin used to combat greenhouse whitefly and aphids. Diluted with 5 ml per 10 liters of water. Spraying plants is required during the growing season. Suitable for both tomatoes and cucumbers.
"Warrant" also used during the growing season. Dilute 0.5 ml with 1.5 liters of water.
"Aktara" suitable for protected ground tomatoes. Introduced under the root of seedlings at drip irrigation... Read the full one here.
"Imidor" sprayed during the growing season at 0.05% concentration.
Iskra M it is used against whitefly, ticks, thrips and nightshade miner fly. 10 ml of the drug is diluted with 10 liters of water. Sprayed during the growing season.

Contact insecticides

You can combine other means to combat garden pests, for example:

"Clipper";
"Kalash";
"Commander" (maxi);
Snake;
"Confidelin";
Novaktion.

Chemical treatment rules

Folk remedies

You can get rid of whitefly on tomatoes not only by chemical and biological means. For example, avid gardeners prefer traditional methods of dealing with annoying insects more.

Folk remedies against whitefly:

Garlic tincture aged for 7 days and is effective remedy fight against harmful moth.
Herbal infusion or dandelion. Uses 40-50 grams of dandelion roots and leaves, crushed and poured with one liter of water. After 2 days, strain the infusion and spray it on the leaves and stems of the tomatoes.
Yarrow. First you need to cut 80 grams of the leaves of this plant, and then pour everything with a liter of water. After a couple of days, the solution must be filtered and the seedlings must be sprayed.
Soap solution. For use, it is necessary to dissolve one piece of grated laundry soap in hot water for 6 liters of water. Then take a sponge and try to evenly apply the solution to the leaves and stems of plants affected by insects. For reliability, it is worth sprinkling the soil next to the diseased seedlings.

Any of these solutions need to be processed vegetable crops... Experts say that these measures must be carried out 2 times a month. Everything will depend on the state of the problem and how neglected the situation with the disease of vegetables is.

Many people try to use agents in the fight against whitefly that help in the fight against other insects, for example, bugs, ticks or lice. Those who decide to get rid of whitefly with lice remedies will not be able to do this, since only specialized means of dealing with annoying insects are used. If folk remedies failed, summer residents use the chemicals and insecticides listed above.

Preventive actions

To avoid re-issue in the future, it is recommended:

In the fall, after harvesting, dig up the ground in the greenhouse, remove weeds and excess tops.
The compost heap can become a wintering place for whiteflies, so you should not place it on a dug area.
Summer residents also recommend the use of drugs that strengthen root system plants.
If the seedlings are ready to endure the winter, then it is best to bring pests into the greenhouse. A whitefly in a winter greenhouse will not be able to survive the cold season and breed, since its native warm climate will be absent.
Try to inspect the leaves more often for the presence of larvae, and also do not forget to immediately fight this harmful insect.

Conclusion

There are many ways and methods of dealing with whitefly. Every summer resident or farmer can always cope with a garden pest. It is only important to remember that it is better to forestall the problem than to deal with it later during the whole summer season.

Whitefly in the garden damages vegetables and berry crops

Whitefly in the garden: a description of the pest and signs of damage

During development, the whitefly caterpillar absorbs plant juices. As a result, growth slows down, vital processes decrease. It is also dangerous because it is often a carrier of infectious diseases.

When insects of plant crops are damaged, yellowing and curling of leaves, wilting of buds can be observed. To understand how to deal with a whitefly in the garden, you need to know about the features of its life.

Adults harm plants by excreting fecal pollen. This substance corrodes and deforms the surface of the crop. At the same time, the insect population is constantly growing - as females lay on inside egg leaves.

A serious problem is that pest killers are useless against larvae. Therefore, if you notice this insect in the garden, comprehensive control measures are needed.

There are many ways to fight insects, the most effective is the use of chemicals: Aktara, Malathion, Neudosan. But whitefly eggs do not allow chemistry to pass inside, so spray courses are carried out systematically as the larvae appear.

Folk remedies are less traumatic for plants. With the help of various traps, infusions, solutions and fumigators, it is possible to effectively neutralize adults and save the crop.

Fighting whitefly on cabbage and cucumbers

Recognizing the appearance of a pest is quite simple. If you notice flying small insects of light ash and white, it's time to sound the alarm. And if you shake a few leaves, dozens of butterflies will fly into the air.

Pests feed on the sap of leaves and stems. As a result of their vital activity, a specific sticky coating- a suitable breeding ground for bacteria and infections.

Chemicals

If whitefly is found on cabbage, control measures include the use of all available means. For treatment, Cyermethrin, Actellik and other hormonal insecticides are used, designed to destroy sucking pests. Chemistry should not be used for processing 3-4 weeks before harvest, as well as during the flowering period.

Biological and folk methods

If a whitefly is found in the garden: how to get rid of it quickly, but not harm the plants at the same time, is the primary question for the gardener.

One of the best means of struggle is Verticillin based on the fungus Verticillium lecanii. It is a biological and completely safe preparation that does not harm plants, ecology, and human health.

In addition, the affected plants are treated with a garlic solution prepared in the proportion of 100 grams of minced garlic per glass of water. The mixture is infused for 6 days, and for processing 5 grams of solution is mixed with 1 liter of water.

A lime mortar is well suited for killing insects in a greenhouse. For its preparation, they take half a kilogram of bleach, dilute it in 12 liters of purified water, leave for 5 hours and process the cultures.

In parallel, the leaves should be examined for egg laying. If eggs are found, they must be thoroughly washed off with a sponge moistened with soapy water.

Whitefly on tomatoes: control measures, folk remedies

Tomatoes are more likely to be affected by whiteflies than other crops. The fight against the pest is complicated by the fact that insects can simultaneously be present on the plant in three phases of development at once - eggs, larvae, butterflies.

sticky whitish bloom on the leaves;
curling and yellowing of leaves;
the formation of necrotic spots;
detection of larvae by visual inspection.

Disinfection of the greenhouse and soil

An insect may appear, as in open ground, and in the greenhouse. Infection of greenhouses treated with disinfectants is possible through purchased soil, seedlings. To treat greenhouses after infection with whitefly, Ecocid C is used, fumigation with sulfur sticks, the inner surface is washed with a solution of lime or 1% iron sulfate.

For prophylaxis, imported soil for greenhouses, or for leveling the surface of the site, is treated with fungicides Alirin B, Baikal-EM1.

Beneficial insects

The fight against whitefly on tomatoes can be carried out entirely by biological methods, involving the cultivation of beneficial insects in greenhouse conditions that destroy the pest.

This group includes ladybugs, lacewings, macrolofuses. This method is completely safe for plants and the environment, but is effective only with primary signs of damage.

The approximate cost of five hundred individuals of Encarsia is 300 rubles. You can buy in specialized stores for gardening, it is recommended to place it in a greenhouse within 24 hours. The fight against whitefly on cucumbers with the help of beneficial insects is not effective because of the hairs on the leaves, in which the larvae of the pest hide.

Folk ways

spraying tomatoes with yarrow infusion (100 grams per 1 liter hot water);
the use of tincture of dandelion roots (80 grams of plant roots per 1 liter of boiling water)
using garlic tincture diluted with water.

If the situation is neglected and the whitefly has managed to noticeably harm the plants, it makes sense to use special chemical agents... You can use the same as for processing cucumbers and cabbage. In greenhouses, treatment with Vertimek, Fitoverm, Pegasus is recommended.

Berry protection and whitefly control on strawberries and grapes

Whiteflies are often found on strawberries or strawberries. If measures are not taken at the time, the insect can not only negatively affect the taste of the berries, but also completely deprive the gardener of the harvest. The waste products of the pest are a favorable environment for the formation of a sooty fungus, which neutralizes the processes of photosynthesis.

Whitefly is less common on grapes; control measures in this case are used the same as for strawberries. For fruit and berry crops, the most effective means are:

sprays with the active ingredient fipronil;
chemicals Aktellik, Aktara, Pegasus;
biological methods based on the effects of insects;
folk remedies using solutions and infusions.

When choosing a method of control, it is necessary to take into account the general condition of the plants and the concentration of whitefly individuals in the affected areas. It is necessary to take action at the first sign of an insect attack, since these pests tend to multiply quickly and spread to other crops.

Preventive measures to protect the garden from whitefly

The whitefly can live and reproduce indoors and outdoors. After winter, the insect can enter the greenhouse along with the seedlings.

The insect can move to planting material with indoor plants... It is recommended to regularly inspect all domestic flowers, and periodically disinfect the planting tool and containers. To minimize the influence of an insect, you need to plant the plants correctly, observe the neighborhood, and avoid grouping.

Outcome

Whitefly can cause serious harm to garden and garden plants if you do not take proper measures when it appears. When using traditional methods of protection in combination with prevention and careful care of plants, you can count on a minimal risk of pest damage.

Whitefly is one of the most dangerous pests of tomatoes. After getting into favorable conditions, insects quickly add in quantity, weaken plants, and cause viral and fungal diseases. In greenhouses inhabited by pests, there are no good yields.

To prevent this from happening, it is important to take timely measures to destroy whiteflies. Otherwise, insects will settle on the site for a long time, destroying all the results of work year after year.

There are more than 1,500 whitefly species in the world, of which 20 are common in Europe. Tomatoes are mainly affected by the greenhouse whitefly.

This insect is native to South America, where it was first recorded as a pest of tomatoes in 1870. Today the "enemy" has been brought to all continents. In our climatic conditions, it mainly lives in greenhouses and premises on ornamental and vegetable plants. Occasionally, tomatoes in open ground can also be affected.

Whitefly is a very small insect, up to 3 mm in length, with a light-colored body yellow color with white wings and grayish paws. Female lifespan is 30 days.

During its life, it lays 85-130 eggs on the underside of the leaf, placing them in 10-20 pieces in the form of a ring. Eggs are initially light yellow in color, after 10 days they turn black.

After 12 days, larvae with legs and antennae emerge from them. They move through the sheet in search of auspicious place... After sucking to the leaf, they lose their legs and take the form of flat light green scales 0.6-0.9 mm in size. So in a stationary state, the larva feeds on plant juices.

Soon the larva enters the nymph stage. Its surface is covered with a wax coating, which reliably protects against insecticides. By the end of development, the larva is covered with puparium, and after 13-15 days, winged individuals fly out of the pupa.

In the conditions of year-round greenhouses, the whitefly gives 10-16 generations. It survives winter in the form of an adult or pupa covered with puparium in the surface layers of soil or plant debris.

Harmfulness

Larvae and adults feed on tomato cell sap, depriving plants of nutrients. The leaves turn yellow, and when severely damaged, they fall off.

A particular threat is posed by the larvae, which suck out the juices of the culture more than they need. At the same time, they secrete sugary substances, on which sooty mushrooms (cladosporium) subsequently settle. This leads to a decrease in photosynthesis and disrupts the respiration of plants. In case of severe damage, the death of the tomato is possible.

In addition, whiteflies carry viruses. Many of them are incurable, cause epiphytotics, the death of a significant part of the tomatoes.

Reasons for the appearance and conditions for development

Initially, whiteflies enter the greenhouse with infested plants. Another option is less often possible. Together with air currents, insects are able to travel impressive distances.

Migration often occurs due to changes in the previous habitat: when treating neighboring areas with chemicals or colonizing insects - the natural enemies of the whitefly.

In the future, the rate of increase in the pest colony is facilitated by: a combination of high humidity and air temperature, excessive planting density, lack of ventilation in the greenhouse and compost heaps located nearby.

The ideal air temperature for whitefly breeding is + 21 ° C ... + 27 ° C, air humidity is 60-75%. Hibernating adults and pupae die at a temperature of -12 ° C.

Pest signs

Very often, the appearance of a pest in a garden with tomatoes goes unnoticed. Insects are small, nest on the lower part of the leaf, eggs and larvae are completely difficult to see.

External signs of whitefly colonization of tomatoes appear only with an increase in the colony.

Obvious signs:

inhibition of tomato growth;
the appearance on the leaves of subtle white and yellowish spots;
numerous punctures on the surface of the sheet;
sticky bloom and light tubercles on the underside of the leaves.

If you touch or just shake a tomato stem, you can see a large number of flying white insects. They resemble moths in appearance, but several times smaller.

Mechanical methods of dealing with whitefly

It is quite possible to get rid of the whitefly by mechanical methods, while the pest colony is not numerous. Before starting work, it is useful to reduce the air temperature in the greenhouse to + 10 ° C. The cool atmosphere suppresses pests. Whiteflies become immobile and easier to remove.

Rinsing with water

First, the tomatoes are washed with water from watering hose... The soil with knocked down adults is loosened by 1-1.5 cm and covered with peat. After that, the leaves of the tomatoes are washed with soapy water.

Manual removal

It is quite difficult to collect whiteflies by hand; at the slightest touch, insects fly in different directions. The best time for this - the coolness of the early morning, in such conditions the pests are less mobile.

Many gardeners use a vacuum cleaner for manual harvesting. It sucks up scattered insects well.

Traps

The whitefly is color-discriminating and is strongly attracted to yellow. This feature of the pest is used in traps. You can purchase a ready-made glue trap from your garden store. For example, the firm "Bona Forte". Sticky tapes of firms: "Fumitoks" or "Moskitol".

You can make the trap yourself. The base is cardboard, plywood or plexiglass. They are cut out (size 30 X 40) and painted bright yellow. Then the components of the adhesive base are mixed in equal proportions:

Castor oil,
petrolatum,
pine rosin.

The mixture is kept in a water bath until an even consistency is obtained. The glue is applied with a brush to cardboard. Traps are hung in places with the greatest accumulation of pests.

The method is quite effective. At the slightest shaking of the bushes, the whiteflies take off, rush to the yellow square and stick. One trap is enough for an area of 10 m², but you need to regularly wash off the stuck insects with warm water.

Fumigation

Smoke bombs are used after harvesting and destruction of plant residues. Before fumigation, the greenhouse is sealed as much as possible, all surfaces are moistened. Sulfur bombs are set on fire in an amount calculated for the area of the room and left for 3 days. Then the greenhouse is ventilated.

How to get rid of folk remedies

For better results mechanical methods are combined with the processing of tomatoes by folk remedies. These funds are indispensable during and 20 days before the fruiting of tomatoes, when chemical preparations cannot be used.

Soap solution. Laundry soap (20 g) is dissolved in warm water (1 l) and the foam is whipped. Use a soft sponge to wipe the underside of the leaf plate affected by the larvae.
Tobacco. Remove tobacco from 20 cigarettes and pour 1 liter of hot water. Insist 5 days and filter.
Yarrow. Fresh grass (300 g) is crushed, filled with water (3 l) and infused for 3 days.
Dandelion. Crushed rhizomes (100 g) and leaves (100 g) are poured with 3 liters of water and infused for 3 days.
Garlic. Chopped garlic (150 g) is poured into 10 liters of water, infused for 1 day and filtered.

Before use, 20 g of laundry soap is added to each infusion.

Folk remedies are characterized by a short period of protective action. Spraying of tomatoes is carried out every 5-7 days up to 6-7 times. With such a multiplicity, even numerous colonies can be destroyed.

Biological methods suitable for the greenhouse

The best and completely harmless alternative to chemicals is biological agents. This is the colonization of insects and fungi - whitefly entomophages - in the greenhouse.

Encrasion

Encrasia females lay eggs in the bodies of whitefly larvae, the hatching offspring feed on their contents. Whitefly larvae die and mummify.

The settling of the entomophage into the greenhouse is carried out immediately after the detection of the pest. Cards with mummified encrasion are placed evenly over the entire area. For prophylaxis, 5-10 individuals per 1 m², with a massive defeat of 15-30 individuals per 1 m². If necessary, the procedure is repeated after 7-12 days.

Macrolophus

It is a predator bug that feeds on whitefly larvae. During its life, one female bug destroys up to 2500 pest larvae. If mass colonization is detected, 4-5 individuals are released per 1 m², for the prevention of -1 bedbugs.

Lacewing

Only lacewing larvae lead a predatory lifestyle. They are very voracious, one larva destroys up to 600 individuals of the whitefly. Since female lacewings are very fertile, populating the greenhouse with this predator gives good results.

Lacewing is used at the stage of second instar larvae. In case of mass colonization by a pest, 100-150 larvae per 1 m² are released into the greenhouse.

ladybug

Predatory ladybugs and their larvae feed on adults, whitefly larvae and eggs. The insect destroys up to 100-120 pests per day.

To attract ladybirds to the greenhouse, dill and other umbrella plants are sown nearby, dandelion and yarrow are left to grow. The first generation of ladybirds can be caught in the meadow, and in the future, they can be provided with conditions for shelter for the winter. Insects hibernate under dry bark of trees and fallen leaves.

Verticillin

This is a biological preparation based on the entomopathogenic fungus Verticillium lecani. It grows into the body cavity of larvae and adults, releases toxins and causes their death.

In 1 liter of water, dissolve 25 ml of the culture fluid. Tomatoes are sprayed 3 times with an interval of 7 days, carefully processing the underside of the leaves.

Chemical methods

If the whitefly colony is numerous and threatens the well-being of the entire site, insecticides cannot be dispensed with. But there is one problem. Literally after one treatment, the surviving whiteflies can acquire resistance to the active substance of the drug.

Thiamethoxam

Preparations based on this active substance are introduced into the soil. It is quickly absorbed and distributed throughout the plant. After 1 day, the pests die. The protective effect lasts 2-4 weeks. Hazard class - 2-3.

Preparations:

"Aktara" EDG (watering at the root aqueous solution(1 g / 10 l), consumption of 1 l per 1 m² or 25 pots);
"Doctor" briquettes (2-4 briquettes are applied under each plant after abundant watering).

These are the leading drugs against whitefly, and they should be used primarily in greenhouses.

Acetamiprid

Penetrates into plants through roots and vegetative organs. After 1 hour, it causes the death of pests. The period of protective action is 21 days. The drug "Mospilan". Spraying with an aqueous solution (5-8 g / 10 l).

Imidacloprid

Has a general toxic effect on pests, causes their death in 1 day. The period of protective action is 14-21 days. Hazard class 3. Almost all preparations are applied by spraying.

Preparations:

"Biotlin" VRK (solution 5 ml / 10 l, flow rate 10 l per 100 m²);
"Commander" VRK (solution 5 ml / 10 l, flow rate 10 l per 100 m²);
"Commander Maxi" VDG (solution 1.5 g / 10 l, consumption 3 l per 1 m²);
Iskra Zolotaya VRK (used only during the period of mass colonization of whitefly, solution 5 ml / 10 l, flow rate 10-30 l per 100 m²);
"Iskra" TAB (applied to the soil for seedlings, the amount depends on the volume of the container, the consumption according to the instructions);
"Tanrek" VRK (solution 5 ml / 10 l, flow rate 10 l / 100 m²);
"Confidor Extra" VDG (solution 1.5 g / 10 l, consumption 1 l per 10 m²).

Manufacturers note that the use of these drugs does not cause pest resistance. But in practice, this is not always confirmed.

Pyrimiphos-methyl

Applied by spraying, pests die within 24 hours.

Preparations:

"Actellik" EC (solution 20 ml / 10 l, consumption 2 l / 10 m²);
"Phosbecid" EC (solution 10 ml / 10 l, consumption 2 l / 10 m²).

The period of protective action is 10-15 days, hazard class -2.

Cypermethrin

It quickly paralyzes all pest organs, whiteflies die in a day. Hazard class 3.

Preparations:

"Inta-Vir" TAB (solution 8 g / 10 l, consumption 2-3 l per 10 m²);
"Iskra" TAB (solution 10 g / 10 l, consumption 2 l per 10 m²).

The period of protective action is 10-15 days.

Malathion

The protection period is 7-10 days. The substance is used by spraying.

Preparations:

"Fufanon" EC (solution 10 ml / 10 l, consumption 1.5 l / 10 m²);
"Karbofos" SP (60 g / 7 l, consumption 1 l / 10 m²);
"Kemifos" EC (solution 10 ml / 10 l, consumption 1.5 l / 10 m²).

Whiteflies quickly develop resistance, including resistance to pirimiphos-methyl.

Pyrethrum

Insecticidal preparation in the form of an aerosol. Hazard class 3. Spray on the surface of the plant from a distance of 30 cm. The treatment is carried out in the morning or in the evening with diffused lighting in a room where there are no drafts and wind flows.

After the first treatment with any drug, it may seem that the pests have completely disappeared. It is not always so. Very often, some of the insects fly away, hide and lay eggs. After a while, a new large colony appears, already resistant to the drug used.

Therefore, treatment with drugs should be carried out in 2-3 passes. Each time it is better to use drugs with a new active ingredient.

If a whitefly appears on tomato seedlings at home, the plants need to be isolated from indoor flowers. The use of toxic chemicals in the apartment is undesirable. An exception is preparations for irrigation under the root or in the form of briquettes, which are introduced into each container.

But more often gardeners use all mechanical methods and processing with folk remedies. It is impossible to bring seedlings with pests and larvae into the greenhouse.

When planning the processing of tomatoes in the open field, take into account the weather conditions and the ambient temperature. The optimum air temperature for working with insecticides is + 12 ° C ... + 22 ° C. The day is cloudy, but no precipitation or strong wind. If the weather is sunny, then spraying is planned for the evening or morning hours.

It is impossible to spray with chemicals during the abundant flowering of tomatoes. This leads to mass death of bees. For the same reason, before processing, you need to remove all flowering weeds that grow near the garden.

The greenhouse is well ventilated until condensation is removed from structures and plant leaves. The air temperature is reduced to the optimum.

The work is carried out with a high-quality sprayer, which gives a fine drizzle. The leaves and stems of tomatoes should be moistened on all sides, and the soil near the bush should be sprayed.

Work in closed clothing, gloves and a respirator. The maximum contact time with insecticides is 1 hour.

The immunity of tomatoes weakened after being damaged by a pest must be strengthened. For this, the heavily damaged lower leaves are removed. Tomatoes are sprayed with biostimulants: "Epin", "Immunocytofit", "Novosil", "Agat 25".

Calcium ions have a positive effect on the synthesis of proteins that help the plant cope with stress. Therefore, foliar and root supplementation with calcium will be useful.

Some gardener tips on how to combat whitefly can be found by watching the video.

Prophylaxis

The risk of whitefly infesting tomatoes can be reduced. For this, a number of simple measures are used:

dig the soil deeply;
destroy all plant residues, weeds in and around the garden;
the greenhouse and the soil are disinfected with solutions of copper sulfate or 40% formalin;
freeze the soil in the greenhouse in winter: remove removable structures, open doors and vents in cold weather;
acquiring seedling leaves, they are examined;
the compost pit is located away from the greenhouse;
control the temperature and humidity of the air (according to the requirements of tomatoes);
tomatoes are planted according to the scheme recommended for the variety;
place traps in places of possible penetration of pests (near windows, doors);
small nets are installed on the windows and doors of the greenhouse;
any plant that is brought into the greenhouse is examined.

Preventive spraying will help prevent the appearance of pests. For this, you can use any herbal infusion recommended for treatment.

Most problems are easy to avoid if you take the time to inspect the tomatoes every day. Often, gardeners notice disease or pests on tomatoes, when the attack manifests itself in clear signs on dying plants. As a result, labor and money costs increase significantly.

One of the most commonly grown vegetables in vegetable gardens is the tomato. It can be planted outdoors or kept in greenhouses - the location depends on the region and climatic conditions that must be taken into account in order to obtain a good and quality harvest. In addition to the main agrotechnical measures, during the cultivation of tomato seedlings, you need to ensure that a whitefly does not start on it - a pest that can reduce the number of specimens suitable for planting. That is why it is very important to know in advance all possible information in order to be able to deal with it correctly.

Whitefly description

If a whitefly appears on tomato seedlings, you need to know how to fight in advance. In order to take quick and correct measures, you need to have information about the pest. The whitefly looks like a small fly on planted tomatoes. The length of the insect is no more than 3 mm, so it is very difficult to see single specimens without special equipment.

Whitefly

These insects have wings covered with a white coating, which is why they got the appropriate name. Several hundred of these flies can settle on one plant; in 90% of cases, you need to look for them from the lower side of the leaf. The main harm to tomato planting from the whitefly is the waste products that it leaves on the leaf or stem on the upper side. If a similar plaque begins to appear on the seedlings, you need to take immediate measures to eliminate it and remove the pest, since later fungi will form at the site of the plaque. At first they are white, then darken and reach black.

In most cases, whiteflies lay their eggs outdoors in the spring when the chance of frost is minimized. In the case when the seedlings are grown in a room or greenhouse, the insect is capable of reproduction throughout the year. The larvae appear 7-8 days after the eggs have been laid. Then the larvae need to find a place for attachment (the lower part of the leaf blade), where they turn into nymphs. Then, for 2 weeks, the whitefly remains motionless on the leaf.

Important! During this period, chemicals do not act on the pest.

After 2 weeks have passed, whiteflies mature. Now they are ready to mate on their own, which will lead to an increase in their number several times. The full biological life cycle of the pest is 25 days, in turn, females live up to 1 month. The number of eggs laid by 1 individual reaches 140.

Signs of the presence of a pest

Attention! You need to plant tomatoes for seedlings in late February - early March.

In order for seedlings to appear, it is necessary to maintain optimal microclimate indicators - the temperature in the room is + 22-24 degrees, humidity in the aisles of the norm. After the appearance of 3 true leaves, the seedlings are dived. With the onset of warmth, the culture is transplanted into open ground or a greenhouse.

From this moment, it is required not only to carry out all the necessary agrotechnical measures, but also to ensure that the planting material is not damaged by insects. The main signs of the negative influence of the whitefly:

slow growth of seedlings;
there are traces of the presence of insects on the leaves (dots);
there is a sticky pallet on the leaves;
on the underside of the leaf blade, small larvae of the pest are sometimes located.

If the lesion is too strong, then the leaves of the tomatoes quickly curl, darken, dry out and fall off. Also, the pest causes the transmission of fungal infections to the plant. As a result of their negative influence, gray and black spots appear, which indicate the presence of a fungus. For this reason, measures must be taken to treat tomatoes immediately. Particular attention should be paid to the fact that the plant will have to be treated from the fungus, as well as to get rid of the insect, that is, the measures must be comprehensive.

Important! You can visually observe the presence of a whitefly on a tomato by touching the leaves of the plant: if a swarm of small flies rises into the air, then the pest is present.

Control methods

Get rid of the whitefly

The main fight against whitefly in a greenhouse on tomatoes, as well as in open ground, begins with preventive measures. They assume that the plants will be kept in well-ventilated areas. The air temperature should be low (14-15 degrees).

Promotes the rapid reproduction of the pest, too close arrangement of seedlings or plants planted close to a permanent place, therefore, a distance is required. High humidity conditions will also be favorable for the whitefly.

Important! If a colony is found, the measures of influence should be comprehensive and persistent, since not all means can cope with the pest at one time.

If the question arises of how to deal with a whitefly that has settled on tomato seedlings, then you need to determine its age, since adult flies can be caught on special adhesive tapes. They need to be hung in a greenhouse or in a room.

Effective folk way getting rid of the problem - such a tool that can catch flies, like sticky tape, is prepared simply on its own. For this purpose, you need to take a small piece thick cardboard then color it in bright color(yellow, red) to attract the attention of insects. The surface of the cardboard must be greased with castor oil; Vaseline is also well suited for this purpose. When the whitefly sits on the surface, it will stick, which will eventually get rid of the entire colony.

Attention! Funds effective fight with an insect must be selected taking into account the complex life cycle and excellent breeding performance.

In order to protect the future tomato harvest, it is recommended to give preference chemical compositions... They are able to remove adults that can lay eggs. In this case, it should be borne in mind that it is undesirable to use highly toxic compounds and agents in the rooms, since they can negatively affect the state of health. Also, chemicals can settle directly on tomato seedlings.

The most effective formulations are Aktar or Verticillin. Actar is the optimal composition, since its action is long-lasting. One treatment is enough for 3-4 weeks. Also, using this tool, you do not need to spray tomato seedlings with it. In order for it to start working and effectively fight the pest, you only need to pour the composition at the root. In this case, the seedlings will not pick up harmful substances, but the life cycle of the whitefly will be disrupted. It is recommended to repeat the treatment - you need to repeat the watering 2-3 more times, maintaining a period of 7 days.

Attention! In order to get rid of whitefly in one try, you need to use a concentrated solution of Aktara. Seedlings will not suffer in this case, tomatoes will retain useful substances, but the whitefly will not disturb the gardener. Fitoverm can be used for greenhouse plants.

Another remedy tested by experienced gardeners is Verticillin. It is used when it is necessary to eliminate the fungus. The use of the drug allows you to destroy the formed spores of the fungi, which avoids the development of infection on the seedlings. This effect negatively affects the whitefly. In order to properly process the landing, you need to dilute the product (25 ml) in 1 liter of water. The resulting solution is divided into 2 parts. It must be used for spraying. It is necessary to maintain a period of 10 days between them.

Also, folk remedies and methods of pest control show good results. Common herbal infusions work well. It is recommended to use them, since all formulations on herbs and plants are completely safe for human health, do not contain chemical components. It must be remembered that for a high-quality fight against whitefly, treatment is required every 6-7 days. You need to repeat the procedure until the pest completely disappears.

Attention! For guaranteed disposal of the pest, it is necessary to spray with vegetable broths in combination with mechanical control (collection and destruction of eggs and larvae of flies).

The main condition for success is that before starting to use folk remedies, it is necessary to thoroughly wash the tomato seedlings with soapy water. This approach helps to facilitate the mechanical harvesting of the whitefly.

One of the most effective folk remedies is a garlic solution. For his correct preparation you need to take 150-200 g of fresh garlic cloves without husks. The vegetable needs to be finely chopped or kneaded under a press, and then poured with a liter of water. The resulting solution will need to be left for a week to get an effective infusion. The container where the tincture is located must be tightly closed with a stopper. Before use, the concentrate must be additionally diluted with water in a ratio of 6 ml per 1 liter of pure water. Then the damaged tomato seedlings are sprayed, which allows you to quickly get rid of the negative influence of the whitefly.

Attention! A solution of wood ash does a good job of eliminating the pest.

To prepare it, you will need to take 35 g of ash and 10 liters of water. The resulting solution must be sprayed. The procedure should be repeated 3 days in a row to get a positive effect.

Other pests of tomatoes

In addition to whitefly, other pests that can damage tomato seedlings should be destroyed. In addition to this pest, you need to protect plantings from:

bedbugs;
ticks;
Colorado potato beetle;
beetle larvae;
bear;
nematodes;
wireworm.

Attention! In most cases, aphids attack tomatoes.

It also settles on the inside of the leaf. The pest is small, black or yellow. The clutch of eggs, like the whitefly, has a sticky mass. The main time for the appearance of this pest is mid-summer.

All pests harm the plant, as they drink juices and take away most of the nutrients. As a result, the leaves of tomato seedlings are withered and dry. In some cases, the foliage changes color to brown or yellow, curls into a tube. If you do not take action, the pests can destroy the planting in 3-4 days or significantly reduce the yield. Also, tomatoes can dry out - this is observed with a large accumulation of pests, since they cause significant damage to the plant.

Tomato pests

Most types of pests can be destroyed by applying a solution of Karbofos, bleach and Trichlometaphos. Since they all contain a chemical component in their composition, it is required to dilute the preparations in strict accordance with the attached instructions. The process of spraying plantings or seedlings is carried out from a spray bottle. The funds are applied to the underside of the leaves, where pests most often live. Also, whitefly or other pests on tomatoes in a greenhouse, methods of control and prevention involve mechanical harvesting to reduce the population.

Attention! Among the methods of control, flushing with a stream of water is used.

Here it should be borne in mind that such an approach is practically ineffective for dealing with egg clutches. High-quality folk remedies can eliminate many types of insects that negatively affect tomatoes. Soap-ash solution, herbal extracts of wormwood, chopped garlic, celandine, hot pepper or yarrow work well. Also, some pests do not tolerate the aroma of some varieties of flowers (nasturtium, thyme). You can use tinctures onion peel for spraying plants to repel insects.

If a whitefly appeared on tomatoes in a greenhouse, how to get rid of it, you need to find out without delay. It is important to make solutions that are capable of removing insects in different phases of the life cycle. That is why chemical and folk remedies are used in combination. It is important that the flowering is pest-free in order to maintain yields.

Whitefly is a small white insect, 3-4 mm in size, appearance resembles aphids, multiplies very quickly and settles in colonies on the lower part of the leaves. Whitefly often appears on tomatoes. If this happens, you need to start to deal with it immediately, because it sucks the juice out of the plant, causing it to die.

What is dangerous

The whitefly lives on cucumbers, cabbage, eggplants, homemade seedlings and even indoor flowers, but most of all it prefers tomatoes.

The cycle of development and reproduction of this pest is continuous, and if medical measures are not taken in time, the fight at an advanced stage will be useless.

Insects suck out juices from leaves, shoots, flowers, which leads to yellowing of plants and subsequent death.

The greatest danger is posed by the feces that these pests leave behind. In places of their appearance, a sooty fungus develops in the form of dark brown or black spots. This disease cannot be treated, therefore, the affected bushes are removed from the garden along with the root and burned.

Signs of defeat

It is possible to find out that a whitefly has appeared on tomato seedlings or already on adult plants, according to certain signs.

There are different methods of dealing with whitefly on tomatoes: both using pesticides and using more loyal means. But here it is very important to take measures in time, because after the appearance of the larvae, all actions will be useless.

Whitefly is one of the pests that are very difficult to control. Winged individuals have a wax-like coating on the surface of the body, through which toxic substances hardly penetrate. The main struggle has to be carried out with motionless seated non-winged individuals.

Pesticide

Chemical methods of control are among the most effective - they help to remove pests in just 1-2 treatments.

The active components of insecticides penetrate into plant tissues and poison their sap. Insects that feed on sap die instantly.

Insecticides, according to the nature of their action, are divided into enteric ones, which destroy pests with a direct hit of the drug (Arrivo, Apache, Decis), systemic ones - they are embedded in plant tissues and cells and remain poisonous for insects for several weeks (Confidor, Aktara, Komandor). There are also complex preparations "two in one", working as an intestinal contact group, and as systemic insecticides - Tanrek, Apache, Aktellik.

Drug overview

Encarsia. Females lay eggs inside the larvae. The revived encarsias begin to eat away tissues and lead to their death. Three insects per m² are enough to destroy all pests.
Macrolophus. A microscopic bug that exterminates the whitefly. For complete destruction, you will need 5 insects per m².

Mechanical

Another mechanical method is to set traps. These products are sold at any gardening store.

You can also do it yourself at home - take a sheet of bright paper (red or yellow), grease it with honey or petroleum jelly. Butterflies flock to the bright bait, and die after touching the sticky surface. The used trap is burned.

If you are growing a cold-tolerant variety, cold air can be applied. These pests cannot stand low temperatures, as a result of which hypothermia perishes in a few hours.

Fumigation

This technique will give a positive result, provided it is carried out regularly, at least twice a year. In this case, insecticidal checkers are used. After their installation, the room is tightly closed for several hours.

Fumigation can kill adults, eggs and larvae.

Folk

Many gardeners use folk (home) remedies to combat this pest.

Garlic tincture. 4-5 cloves are consumed for 1 liter of water. They are cleaned, crushed, poured with water and insisted for a day, then filtered and irrigated bushes and soil.
Yarrow tincture. For 3 liters of boiling water, 200 g of fresh, chopped grass is used. Withstand 2 hours, then filter and spray the bushes.
Tobacco infusion. 100 g of grass is poured into 1 liter of warm water, left for 48 hours, and then the garden is treated.

Folk recipes give good results with little damage to tomatoes. Twice processing is carried out at intervals of a week.

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Prevention measures

To combat insects, both chemical and folk remedies are used, but experience shows that it is difficult to destroy the pest.

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