The reactive furnace is gaining in popularity today. Every day more and more people learn about the features of this heating system. This oven is very energy efficient. You can do it yourself. Will she from a gas cylinder, brick or other materials - it's up to you.

How does it work. Materials for work

Before you do DIY construction, you need to understand exactly how it works. Air enters with oxygen through the air duct for further combustion. Thermal energy enters the furnace in sufficient quantities. You can have a stove. Combustion temperature can exceed +1200 degrees.

The design is intended. In this mode, she does not need any special regulation of the air supply.

To make such a stove with your own hands, you can use simple materials at hand. But it is still recommended to find and apply the following:

• metal barrel - 200 liters;
• a drum for a stove with a stove bench;
• shaped pipes of various diameters;
• for outside processing - a mixture based on straw and clay soil;
• galvanized sheet metal.

How to heat this stove

All stoves long burning can be perfectly melted if the pipe is warm. The jet furnace is no particular exception. When the downtime was quite long, it will definitely be necessary preliminary overclocking... To do this, you can use:

• straw;
• paper;
• dry shavings.

There are many versions explaining why the jet stove named that way... On one of them, a rather characteristic hum occurs during operation. When its tone is greatly reduced, the acceleration can be considered complete. Therefore, you can start to throw up the main fuel. When combustion is just starting, the blower door must be opened. Her close slightly, when the hum starts to increase.

We build a long-burning furnace for the garage with our own hands

First of all, let's see how to make a jet for your garage with your own hands. This option is the simplest, especially if you follow the drawings and all the necessary dimensions on them. For example, let's take a propane-based gas cylinder with a diameter of 300 millimeters. Loading hopper and firebox will be steel pipe with a size of 150 millimeters.

Read also: Making a garage oven

We cut off the required length from the pipe, remove the upper part from the cylinder. We take the drawings and, according to them, we weld all the details. Do not forget to fill in thermal insulation between all vertical pipes. material... Sand is fine for this.

This design weighs relatively little and for heating the garage. great fit... When you put the entire structure on the floor in the garage, you will need to weld the legs to it. In the garage, you can make a reactive brick oven with your own hands.

Building such a structure is a little more difficult. Fire channels must be made of fireclay bricks. A barrel is suitable as a cap.

The future structure sinks slightly below floor level. To do this, you need to dig a small hole with your own hands. Seal the bottom and along the formwork, fill it. Its thickness should be 100 millimeters... When the foundation hardens, you can start laying. The base of the mortar is usually refractory clay. After you complete the laying, you will need to fill the hole and put an iron barrel, in which there is no bottom, on the fire channel. Next, take the insulation and fill it between the brick and the barrel.

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What is this miracle: the rocket furnace? A rocket furnace, a rocket furnace and even a jet furnace, whatever it is called, but has nothing to do with rockets and jet engines. It got this name, obviously, because of the characteristic "rocket" sound that occurs when the mode fails and the excessive flow of air through the blower into the furnace. In any case, the developers named it that way: rocket stove, which can be translated as a rocket stove.

Rocket Furnace Principle

The design was first developed in America and was originally intended for use in the field. The main idea is to obtain a high efficiency furnace with maximum simplicity of the device. For this, two simple and essentially well-known techniques were applied. The first is a more complete decomposition of gases with their afterburning due to a relatively long retention in a heated state. The second is the maximum heat recovery from the burnt gases.

1. Kiln firing begins with its preheating. For this, it is best to use any flammable materials: wood chips, shavings or paper. It is recommended to burn the heating insert in an ash pan.
2. At the same time, the main firewood is set on fire. At the same time, the blower was completely open.
3. As the ignition progresses, the thrust increases and a lot of air begins to flow into the firebox. A characteristic roar appears.
4. Here you should close the blower flap until an even, quiet sound appears. If the rocket roar appears again, the adjustment must be repeated.

The firebox has good thermal insulation, therefore it heats up quickly and firewood pyrolysis begins - the decomposition of solid firewood into gas under the action of high temperature... Part of the pyrolysis gases decomposes to wood gases and burns. However, some of it does not decompose enough to burn. In conventional ovens, these semi-decomposed pyrolysis products are emitted into the chimney as smoke and partially settle as soot. Thus, any smoke is unburned wood, which not only increases heating costs, but also clogs the chimney.

From this we can conclude that the main task of a furnace serving for heating is to burn fuel as completely as possible, solving two, albeit secondary, but no less important tasks. Firstly, take as much heat as possible from the burnt wood gas and, secondly, having accumulated it, distribute it in the heated room for as long as possible.

The main advantage of the rocket furnace is that it perfectly solves all these problems.

After the main firewood is ignited, the firebox heats up almost simultaneously with the horizontal and vertical channels - the so-called combustion tunnel - Burn Tunnel. For this, the combustion tunnel, or as it is also called, the fire tube, just like the firebox, is insulated with a material that has not only thermal insulation properties, but also a low heat capacity. The temperature in the flame tube rises to 900 ° C and under normal conditions at the top can reach 1000 ° C.

Under these conditions, gases enter the upper part of the bell and heat the upper part to 400 ° C. Further, going down and cooling down to 250 ° C, the gases heat the bell and its coating, which acts as a heat accumulator. At the same time, the coating is made of adobe: a mixture of clay and straw - an inexpensive and affordable material.

After pre-cooling in the upper zone of the bell, the gas enters the secondary ash pan. This is where the afterburning of wood gases and the fallout of pyrosis residues, which for some reason were not decomposed enough for combustion, ends here. Further, the gas moves relatively slowly in the horizontal flue channel, where it gives off its last remaining heat, heating the plaster of the bed, which is also made of adobe.

The main advantages and disadvantages of rocket furnaces

Advantages:

1. High productivity that saves up to 90% wood compared to a conventional metal stove, according to their owners. Such savings are achieved due to the afterburning of pyrolysis gases and soot.
2. Non-critical to fuel. Any wood firewood, wood chips, bark, sawn timber waste will do. Their moisture content does not matter either.
3. Simplicity and versatility of the design. Anyone can assemble such a stove from clay, brick, stone or tile.
4. There is no need to add firewood too often. As it burns, firewood itself moves down and falls into the combustion chamber.
5. Comfortable bed. There are sun beds different ovens, but for example, near the Russian stove it is located high.

Disadvantages:

1. the need to control combustion and constant manual adjustment of the air supply.
2. the presence of a hot part, because of which you can burn yourself. Although, on the other hand, it can be used for cooking. The hood temperature is about 400 ° C.

Do-it-yourself rocket furnace. Blueprints

The rocket plate has a thermally insulated, shaped combustion chamber that causes the fire to move first horizontally and then into the chamber at a 90 degree angle, which causes severe turbulence. Once in the upper part of the bell chamber, hot gases heated to a temperature of 1000 ° C give off most of the heat and go down, where they enter the auxiliary ash pan, and there, at a temperature of about 250 ° C, their final pyrolysis occurs together with the afterburning of pyrolysis (wood ) gases. Then, in the horizontal channel, the combustion products give up the rest of their heat and enter the chimney.

Despite the simplicity and availability of the design, for the normal operation of the furnace in the planned mode, during its construction, it is necessary to observe the dimensions and take into account all the recommendations.

Engineers and researchers have worked out the best size ratio to ensure that all processes run in the most optimal way. Here are their recommendations:

1. The height of the hood H must be between 1.5 and 2D.
2. The clay coating of the cap must have the following characteristics: height = 2 / 3H, thickness = 1 / 3D.
3. The cross-sectional area of ​​the horizontal and vertical parts of the flame tube is 5-6% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the bell (S).
4. The gap between the upper edge of the flame tube and the bell lid is at least 7 cm.
5. The lengths of the horizontal and vertical sections of the flame tube must be equal. Their cross-sectional areas are also the same.
6. The blower must have a cross-sectional area of ​​50% of the area of ​​the flame tube.
7. The volume of the ash pan is recommended not less than 5% of the volume of the hood.
8. The thickness of the adobe insulating cushion, which is made under the external chimney, is chosen in the range from 50 to 70 mm.
9. The thickness of the bench is recommended 0.25D at D = 600 mm and 0.5D at D = 300 mm.
10. The height of the outer chimney is at least 4 meters, the cross-sectional area is 9 -12% of the bell area.
11. The length of the smoke channel in the stove bench is also calculated from the diameter of the hood. With a diameter of 60 cm (standard 200 liter barrel) - the length of the bed can be up to 6 meters. If the cap has a diameter of 30 cm (the diameter of a gas cylinder), then the length of the bed is no more than 4 meters.
12. The heat channel is recommended to be made of a rectangular pipe, in the aspect ratio of 1: 2, with its laying flat. This will ensure more stable operation of the entire oven.

Unfortunately, in our country almost no one knows about the rocket furnace. Meanwhile, such a design is extremely useful in a number of cases due to the almost complete absence of soot during operation and a high combustion temperature.

Today we will talk about how a do-it-yourself rocket oven is made.

Hot gases instead of a chimney fall into a special hood, where they burn out (hence the absence of soot). In this case, the temperature rises even more, and the pressure, on the contrary, decreases. The cycle is constantly repeated and soon the stove enters the combustion mode with maximum thrust (the force of the latter depends on design features and quality of installation).

The temperature in the bell can reach 1200ᵒC, as a result of which all waste is burned almost without residue, and the exhaust consists mainly of carbon dioxide and water vapor.

Note! Thanks to this, the chimney can be laid under the floor or through some kind of heating structure (a couch, for example, or a bench). What's more, the hot hood can be used for heating water, cooking food, drying fruit, etc.

The benefits include:

• high efficiency;
• no soot;
• high fever;
• the possibility of using cones, damp branches, dry plant stems as fuel - almost everything burns at a temperature of 1200ᵒ;
• low fuel consumption - about four times lower than the standard design.

Types of rocket furnaces

There are several types of rocket (or jet, as they are also called) ovens.

1. Portable structures made of tin containers (paint cans, buckets, etc.). Great helpers on a construction site or on a hike that can be crafted in just a few hours.
2. Furnaces made of refractory bricks and metal barrels for heating heat-consuming masses. They are distinguished by a horizontal chimney installed underground and an external riser to ensure draft.
3. Fully brick structures are used for air heating of the floor. Consist of several chimneys at once.

Note! Due to the complexity of the third option, this article will only consider the first two.

In this case, the work traditionally begins with the preparation of everything necessary.

Stage 1. Materials and equipment

For construction you will need:

Stage 2. Preparation

Step 1. A pit is pulled out into the floor (if possible) with a depth of about 30-50 cm. This is necessary so that the level of the horizontal chimney does not rise too much.

Step 2. The steel barrel will serve as a lid for the oven. First, the barrel is fired and cleaned of soot with a metal brush, after which it is painted with refractory paint.

Note! The paint is applied only after the chimney outlet flange has been installed.

Stage 3. Foundation

Step 1. Formwork is being prepared for the future foundation.

Step 2. In the place where the firebox will be, several bricks go deep into the ground.

Step 3. Steel reinforcement is laid at the bottom.

Step 4. Bricks are laid around the lower point of the combustion chamber.

Step 5. The base is poured with concrete mortar.

Stage 4. Laying

After the solution has dried, you can start laying the rocket oven.

Note! To do this, only use refractory clay.

Step 1. On the first tier, the masonry rises up, leaving only an opening for the combustion chamber.

Step 2. At the second level, the lower furnace channel is formed.

Step 3. On the third, the channel is overlapped with masonry in such a way that there are two holes - for the combustion chamber and the vertical channel.

Note! After laying bricks, you can not cut them off - they still have to be hidden with adobe and expanded clay.

Step 4. Preparation for laying the vertical channel. In addition to the barrel itself, this will require an old water heater of about 150 liters.

A flange is built into the barrel for connecting the chimney. It is also advisable to install a tee for cleaning the chimney here.

Step 5. The ascending part of the structure is placed using the "boot" method. The internal section of this part should be approximately 18 cm.

Step 6. A piece of hot water is put on the ascending part, and the voids between the walls are filled with perlite. The upper part of the perlite is sealed with chamotte clay.

Step 7. The base of the furnace is covered with sandbags, the base of the casing is coated with clay. The voids between the bags and the body are filled with expanded clay, after which the base is finished with the same clay.

Step 8. The chimney is connected, an inverted steel barrel is put on the ascending part.

Step 9. A trial run of the furnace is carried out, after which the barrel is painted with fire-resistant paint.

Stage 5. Chimney lining

Step 1. The chimney is lined with sandbags and covered with expanded clay.

Step 2. The structure is given the appropriate shape using fireclay clay.

Note! During operation, the rocket furnace needs a large number oxygen, therefore it is recommended to conduct an air duct from the street.

It remains only to install the old barbecue in the neck of the firebox and close it with a lid. The seams are filled with clay. That's it, the brick rocket oven is ready for use.

In this design, as in the one described above, the principle of operation is to isolate the fire and direct heat energy to the right place.

Stage 1. Prepare everything you need

To prepare a portable rocket oven, you will need:

• two tin containers of different diameters;
• a pair of corners;
• steel clamps ø10 cm;
• stainless steel pipe for chimney;
• fine crushed stone;
• Bulgarian;
• scissors for metal.

  

  

  

  

  In the second bucket - the bottom of the rocket furnace, cut a hole for the pipe

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  Bend the cooking plate out of the wire

  

Stage 2. Assembly of the structure

Step 1. A lid for the structure is made from a smaller bucket. To do this, a hole is made in it for the chimney (the lid is not removed at the same time). In this case, it is better to bend the "petals" inward - this way the pipe will be more securely fixed.

The lower half of the bucket is cut off with a grinder.

Step 2. A hole is cut at the bottom of the other container to connect the firebox. The tin is cut into "petals" with scissors and bent inward.

Step 3. The forward flow is assembled from a pipe and a pair of corners. The pipe is then inserted into the bucket and connected to the petals there with a steel clamp. That's it, the forward flow of the rocket furnace is ready.

Step 4. The space between the forward flow and the walls of the bucket is covered with fine gravel. The latter will perform two functions in the structure at once - thermal insulation and thermal accumulation.

Step 5. The second bucket (lid) is put on the jet oven.

Step 6. A cooking plate is bent from a steel wire.

Note! Instead of a hotplate, you can install three bricks.

Step 7. It remains only to paint the structure with heat-resistant paint (preferably gray or black). For melting, a direct flow outlet pipe will be used.

Rules for the operation of rocket furnaces

Rocket furnaces, as well as other long-burning designs, need to be launched onto a warm pipe. And if for the second variant of the furnace this is not so important, then for the first a cold chimney will only lead to unnecessary combustion of fuel. For this reason, the structure needs preliminary heating - heating with sawdust, paper, etc.

It is also worth noting that the jet furnace is unable to self-adjust, so at first the blower opens completely, and is covered only after the structure begins to hum a lot. In the future, the access of oxygen gradually decreases.

About the rocket stove in the bath

Reactive wood stove with lounger

Many people were probably interested in the question - is it possible to use a jet oven in a bath? It would seem possible, because it is quite easy to equip a heater on a tire.

In reality, such a design is not suitable for a bath. For light steam, you first need to warm up the walls, and only then, after a while, the air. For the latter, the oven must be a hotbed of convection and heat radiation (IR). This is the problem - convection is clearly distributed in the rocket furnace, and the design does not provide for losses due to thermal radiation at all.

conclusions

Be that as it may, today in the manufacture of rocket furnaces there is more intuition than real accurate calculations, therefore, this is an almost limitless field for creativity.

We also suggest that you familiarize yourself with the video instructions for making a rocket furnace.

Video - DIY jet oven

This device, in spite of our brave space achievements, is still little known in our country. And for sure, only a few are interested in how to make a rocket furnace with their own hands, because they do not understand the principle of its operation.

This is a relatively new word in the domestic heating environment, which came from Germany. The key to unprecedented popularity in the homeland is a simple, cheap design, coupled with high efficiency and with the slightest absence of signs of soot. Considering that it is not difficult to make equipment on your own, we will tell you how to do it, give drawings, expert recommendations, videos and photos.

Principle of operation

Oddly enough, but the very name "rocket furnace" has nothing to do with either space or the actual rockets. The only analogy that can remotely recall this is a jet of flame that rises upward in mobile installations.

The design feature of the furnace is the presence of a bell, where the flue gases enter and where the final combustion of the sludge takes place. Under the hood, the temperature already within the first 2 hours rises to 1000 0 С, as a result of which everything burns without sediment, and the exhaust is formed only in the form of steam and carbon. In this case, the gases circulate freely through the channels without forced draft, which is usually created by the chimney.

This design allows the stove to be used not only for heating the room, but also for heating food or water (on a bell). If you run the chimney through a certain area of ​​the room, right up to the lounger, it will also heat up.

Among the main advantages rocket furnaces the following can be noted:

• high efficiency - 85%;
• very fast heating of the room - 50 sq.m. in 45-60 minutes;
• the absence of soot and, as a result, soot deposits - at temperatures above 1000 degrees, everything burns out without a trace;
• the ability to use any solid fuel;
• minimum consumption - at the same temperature and duration of combustion, a rocket furnace consumes 4-5 times less fuel than a conventional furnace.

The simplest rocket works according to the direct combustion formula - these are mobile structures that are easily assembled in field conditions literally from scrap materials and are also easily dismantled.

The simplest design from a barrel or gas cylinder

If we are talking only about the first stages self-made rocket furnace (see video), then the acquaintance is still worth starting with the simplest design. The camping stove is presented in the form of a bent pipe section, where the fuel chamber and ash pan are combined.

For fuel, a steel plate is welded to the bottom, at the bottom of which an air intake hole is cut.

Any straight cylindrical container can be used for manufacturing - the drawing of the rocket furnace shows how the process of direct combustion occurs.

Video 1 Simple construction portable cooking rocket oven

Rocket brick oven in 20 minutes

If you have 20-30 bricks on hand, a simple rocket furnace can be made by hand in just a few minutes. Moreover, no adhesives are needed for masonry.

Lay out a brick, as shown in the photo, a vertical combustion chamber. In this case, the dishes are placed on the hood in such a way as not to impede the movement of the gases emitted.

Do-it-yourself rocket-type brick oven:

For this to work well, a warm pipe is needed. This term among stove-makers means a preliminary run of chips and paper so that the pipe is heated. There will be gas stagnation in the cold pipe, which will make heating difficult. And if the pipe is warm, then when the firewood is ignited, a powerful thrust appears in the channel.

For reference. In the above simplest designs from a gas cylinder or pipe, there is a significant drawback - vertical loading of firewood. Each time you have to move the firewood into the chamber when it burns out and only then add it. Stationary rocket furnaces fired with coal or long-term burning provide for vertical filling, which greatly simplifies operation.

Long burning rocket furnace

Photo 6 Construction of a stationary rocket furnace

Diagram of rocket rocket furnaces do it yourself

In order to make such a unit with your own hands, you need to decide on the dimensions and structural elements.

How the rocket works:

As can be seen from the drawing, the diameter of the cap (D), which covers the top of the pipe, and its cross-section (S) are taken as the basis.

Based on these indicators, the dimensions of the rocket furnace are calculated:

• the height of the drum is 2 of its diameters;
• the height of the clay coating - 2/3 of the height;
• coating thickness - 1/3 of the diameter;
• cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe - 7% of its cross-section;
• blower area - 1/2 of the pipe section;
• the flame tube must be the same horizontally and vertically;
• ash pan volume - 4-6% of the drum height;
• cross-sectional area of ​​the external chimney - double cross-section of the pipe.
• the thickness of the insulating layer (adobe pillow) under the outer chimney is 60 mm;
• the thickness of the coating of the bed is 1/4 of the drum diameter;
• outer pipe height - 4000 mm;
• the length of the flue directly depends on the diameter of the drum. If a metal container with a diameter of 50-60 cm and a volume of 200 liters was taken for its manufacture, then the length of the gas duct will be at least 6 meters. If the diameter is half as small, then the stove bench should be made up to 4 meters.

If you are making a do-it-yourself stationary rocket furnace, be sure to pay attention to the lining of the top of the pipe. This is necessary to isolate the brazier from the walls of the oven to prevent overheating of the walls. Fireclay bricks can be used for lining.

Photos of examples of original performance

It is noteworthy that not only the walls need protection, but also the lining itself. In order to protect it from combustible gases, you can create a metal sheathing and fill it with river sand. For this purpose, you can use any available metal object - a barrel, bucket, galvanized.

Sand is poured into the bucket layer by layer, while each is poured abundantly with water for proper compaction. When the protection is filled with sand to the top, leave it for 7-10 days to dry.

The lining of the brazier is done much faster - fireclay brick is laid on the clay mortar, and the space between the latter and the wall will also have to be filled with sand layer by layer - with water and time to dry.

Pipe lining diagram

All further work on the installation of a rocket-type rocket furnace continues only after not only the lining has dried, but also the clay protection, which is applied over the upper cut.

Before making a stationary structure, practice on a traveling model. After the first experience, it will become clear even if you have not read books for rocket furnaces.

Disadvantages of the heater

1. Often this device is used to heat food or water - indeed, a huge amount of heat, a hot hat, why not use this idea? However, connecting the water circuit in order to heat the whole house, not the room, is not possible. The design is so simple that any intervention, including a coil, will disrupt the course of work.
2. Surprisingly, such a lightweight mobile heating device is completely unsuitable for either a bathhouse or a garage. Even with its high efficiency, the marching unit will not heat the air in the steam room to the required minimum. And in a garage or warehouse, it is not recommended to use appliances with a direct open flame.

In this article, we will give an example of a marching installation, which does not require any masonry or finishing materials.

Necessary materials:

• 2 buckets;
• stainless steel pipe;
• river sand or crushed stone for lining.

Step 1. Cut a hole in the sidewall of one of the buckets along the pipe diameter at a height of 5 cm from the bottom. The height should be enough to fill the bucket with rubble or sand.

Step 2. Divide the pipe into 2 parts - a short loading section and a pancake elbow-chimney.

Step 2. Insert the pipe into the hole in the bucket.

Step 4. Cut, by analogy with claim 1, a hole in the bucket, but already directly in the bottom. The hole diameter corresponds to the pipe diameter. Insert the pipe.

Step 5. Pour sand or gravel into the bucket, which will act as a heat accumulator for the flame tube.

Step 6. Making legs or stand. For this, ordinary reinforcement is suitable, which is bent under pressure and the base is cut out.

Rocket furnace from a gas cylinder

This is a sophisticated and improved version, for the manufacture of which you will need an already used gas cylinder and a 4 mm rectangular pipe.

The scheme remains exactly the same with the only exception that combustible gases are discharged from the side through the hole, and not from the top, as is the case with traveling samples.

If there is a need to cook food or heat it, the upper part of the cylinder with a tap is cut off, and a flat plate is welded on top.

Video 2 Do-it-yourself rocket oven

A practical heating device that is not inferior in its functionality to a traditional potbelly stove is a rocket stove. Its demand lies in its high efficiency, economy, design availability and ease of manufacture. Even novice craftsmen can assemble such a unit at home.

What is a rocket oven?

The jet furnace got its original name due to the special design of the body - the traditional shape of the device is made of cuts metal pipes connected by a welded seam. Outwardly, it resembles a rocket launcher. A simplified oven model can be assembled in a matter of hours.

Reactive heater becomes as a result of the peculiarities of the combustion process of the fuel material, when at a certain moment of operation, with a high supply of air mass into the fuel chamber, the furnace begins to create a powerful hum and vibration.

Important! The rocket furnace humming mode is characterized by irrational fuel consumption during its combustion. Economy heating mode ensures quiet operation of the heating unit.

Principle of operation

Despite the fact that the rocket furnace is quite simple, its principle of operation is based on the following processes:

• Natural circulation of heated gases and air inside the channels. This means that the device does not require additional blowing, and the internal draft is created by the chimney system. The higher the chimney, the stronger the draft.
• Afterburning of unworked gases (pyrolysis process) is carried out with an insignificant supply of oxygen to the fuel chamber. It provides a rapid increase in the efficiency of the device and efficient consumption of fuel material during combustion.

The process of firing the furnace itself is carried out as follows:

1. Firewood is placed in the fuel compartment and ignition is performed.
2. Further, the standard operating mode of the furnace is set, in which the vertical part of the structure - the chimney - is completely heated.
3. Sufficient heating of the furnace body ensures the ignition of volatile substances in the chimney and the rarefaction of air in its upper part.
4. The natural thrust increases, which leads to an inflow of air into the fuel compartment and an increase in the efficiency of the combustion process.
5. To maintain complete combustion of the fuel material, the furnace structure must be equipped with a special zone for the afterburning of pyrolysis gases.

A simple version of the rocket furnace from shaped pipe is intended for cooking and heating food, as well as for heating garden houses, summer cottages and camp baths.

Advantages and disadvantages

The long-burning rocket furnace has gained particular popularity and demand due to its positive characteristics:

• Available design and easy assembly... The simplest version of the oven can be made at home from available materials in a few hours.
• Efficient heat transfer using different types wood fuel - firewood, wood chips, branches, bark and shavings.
• Wide functionality. The device can be used for space heating, cooking and water heating.
• Complete combustion of fuel with the possibility of afterburning pyrolysis gases. This improves efficiency while avoiding carbon monoxide poisoning.
• Possibility of refueling fuel without interrupting the work process.
• No need to create forced draft in the chimney system. High level of self-regulation of operating modes of the device.

The ergonomic stove can be installed in any room, and lightweight structures do not require additional arrangement of a reinforced foundation.

Despite the significant advantages, such a unit is not devoid of some disadvantages:

• Lack of automation of the furnace process. Homemade stoves require constant human control over the filling of fuel material.
• There is a high probability of getting burned when the metal structure is significantly heated.
• The device is not intended for heating large residential buildings and stationary bath complexes.
• The design of the stove provides for the use of well-dried fuel, since excess moisture can lead to back draft in the chimney.
• Unaesthetic appearance finished device.

Design

The rocket-type stove is represented by a fairly simple design, which is made from pipes of the required diameter.

The fuel chamber is a horizontal section of the pipe into which the fuel is loaded. In some cases, the oven may have a vertical loading option. In this case, the device consists of three structural elements - two vertical pipes of different heights, mounted on a horizontal pipe. The short section of the pipe is the fuel compartment, the long section is the chimney.

To provide an increase in efficiency, rocket furnaces can have additional structural elements:

• Fuel compartment (vertical or horizontal position) - for loading fuel.
• Afterburner (horizontal) - for fuel combustion and accumulation of thermal energy.
• Blower compartment - for afterburning pyrolysis gases that are formed during fuel combustion.
• The outer casing of the furnace is for thermal insulation of the structure.
• Lounger - a platform for relaxing in a lying or sitting position.
• Chimney - for the removal of fuel combustion products and the creation of natural draft.
• A hob is a horizontal area for cooking or heating water.

DIY making

Homemade stove from a waste gas cylinder - an affordable option wood stove, which is designed for efficient space heating and economical fuel consumption.

To make a stove at home, you will need:

• Empty cylinder body - 2 pcs.
• Metal pipe for creating a vertical chimney (diameter - 12 cm).
• Profile pipe for the manufacture of a firebox and a loading chamber (length 100 cm, section - 12 × 12 cm).
• Cuts of metal pipes: short by 80 cm (diameter - 15 cm) and long by 150 cm (diameter - 12 cm).
• Steel sheet (thickness 3 mm).
• Metal rods.
• Heat-insulating material (perlite).
• Welding equipment.
• Bulgarian.
• Personal protective equipment - glasses and gloves.

To ensure correct assembly of the oven, it is recommended to prepare a working drawing indicating the exact dimensions of all structural elements of the device.

Step-by-step instructions for making a rocket furnace:

1. Three sections are cut from the profile pipe - two of them are 30 cm each and one for the lounger by 35 cm. From the blank for the lounger, the grinder makes a rectangular hole for the fuel compartment and a semicircle for the vertical pipe.
2. One 30cm billet is cut longitudinally and welded to the fuel compartment to create an air passage.
3. The fuel compartment is hot-welded to the pipe.
4. A grate is made of fittings, doors for the fuel chamber and ash pan.
5. Next, a secondary chamber is manufactured for the afterburning of pyrolysis gases.
6. A hole is made at the bottom of the cylinder for the fuel compartment. WITH outside the cylinder is fixed with a knee under a pipe with a diameter of 12 cm for the chimney.
7. A hole is cut at the bottom of the pipe to clean the chimney.
8. A pipe section with a diameter of 15 cm is placed on top of the pipe and welded to the cylinder by welding.
9. The free space between the two pipes is filled with insulation, the edges are closed with a welded seam.
10. In the second cylinder, the bottom is cut off and a hole for the valve is welded. It will be used for the afterburning of pyrolysis gases.
11. Both cylinders are fixed to each other in a special groove using two welded rings so as to ensure the tightness of the finished structure. The groove is sealed with an asbestos cord.

Important! Before proceeding with the firebox of a homemade rocket furnace, it is necessary to carefully check the quality of the joints and the tightness of the structure. Air masses must not penetrate into the operating unit uncontrollably.

How to properly sink a rocket?

To obtain the maximum heating effect, the rocket-type furnace should be thoroughly preheated before the main filling of the fuel material. For this, flammable materials are used: paper, wood chips, dry shavings, sawdust, cardboard, reeds or straw, which are placed in an open blower compartment.

Warming up the system will lead to the appearance of a characteristic sound - a soft or loud hum. Further, the main fuel is loaded into the heated device to obtain the required amount thermal energy.

The combustion process itself is carried out according to the following scheme:

• Opening the door to the blower compartment.
• Laying of fuel material to maintain optimal combustion temperature.
• With the appearance of a hum in the furnace, the blower is closed until the moment of complete transition to a silent mode of operation.

Important! If a closed air damper has led to a decrease in the intensity of the flame, it must be opened in order to increase the draft and increase the combustion process.

Other types of rocket furnaces

On the basis of the basic design of the rocket furnace, other variants of heating devices with higher efficiency were created, which are intended for outdoor use and indoor operation as a source of heating and hot water supply.

Stove-stove

The device is designed for cooking and winter preservation, it is equipped with an extended hob designed for several containers.

A distinctive feature of the rocket stove is that the vertical channel with the fuel chamber is located in the lower part of the cooking surface. In this case, hot air from the furnace quickly heats up the surface, and to keep the stove hot as long as possible, fuel gases accumulate inside the horizontal channel. The rest of the gas mixture is discharged into a vertical flue duct connected by an angle to the hob.

For ease of use, the oven is equipped with stable supports, so it can be easily used on any surface, both indoors and outdoors.

Stove with a water circuit

A similar unit is equipped with a heat exchanger that is connected to heating system: radiators, pipes and water tank. It is designed to create a complete autonomous heating system for a small garden or country house.

Structurally, the stove consists of the following functional elements:

• The vertical fuel compartment and the brick fire duct are laid out on a sturdy concrete base... In the lower part of the structure there is an ash pan with a door for ash removal.
• Vertical steel duct with thermal insulation gasket, protected by an outer metal casing.
• Heat exchange unit with a water circuit, mounted on a metal casing.

A distinctive feature of the furnace is the creation of a water jacket, when a liquid coolant circulates through the pipes instead of air, which provides efficient heating premises.

Stove with a stove bench

Another use case jet furnace in everyday life, it is the arrangement of a comfortable structure with a special platform for resting in a sitting or lying position. The couch can have a different form of execution - a trestle bed, a wide bed, a compact sofa, a bench.

For the manufacture of the bed, bricks, rubble stone, clay mass with sawdust are used. The high heat capacity of materials contributes to the accumulation of thermal energy for a long time, due to which such a stove is recommended to be installed in living rooms.

By the type of material used for the manufacture of a structure, rocket furnaces are:

• Clay-brick... The good heat capacity of bricks and chamotte clay contributes to the fact that such structures accumulate and release heat well into the room. Temperature regime combustion of fuel in such furnaces can reach 1000 degrees. Clay-brick aggregates require a minimum Maintenance, which consists in periodically coating the body with clay and eliminating cracks.
• Metallic. Such devices are made from metal barrels, gas cylinders, fire extinguishers, pipes and sheet steel. The availability of materials allows for a reliable and efficient heating unit. The most popular are mobile metal stoves - "Robinson", "Ognivo" or "Taiga". They are compact in size, can be installed in any accessible place and are easy to use.
• From scrap materials... Simplified designs of rocket ovens can be made from the cheapest and most affordable materials: cans, steel buckets, and other containers. Low-power stoves can be used to quickly heat water in the field.

A mobile stove is a practical and cheap option for hiking and outdoor recreation, which is designed for economical fuel consumption and ease of use in any climatic conditions.

A stationary stove is an effective and safe option for heating small areas, organizing hot water supply and cooking.

For all its advantages, a self-made reactive furnace design is not suitable as a full-fledged heat source for heating a residential building. But it is quite acceptable to use the technical capabilities of the device to solve everyday tasks.