Plastic pipes for water name. Types of plastic pipes, characteristics, advantages, scope of use

Plastic or polymer pipes are a versatile and common material. It is used in the areas of construction and communications.

There are polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and metal-plastic. Each type has its own characteristics and areas of application, which are determined by the stability of the pipe.

Advantages:

• Resistance to chemical reactions. Since sewage pipes are constantly exposed to numerous chemical influences, they are protected from destruction. Plastic is not destroyed by chemical reactions;
• External damage. Since the external sewer is buried in the ground, it is affected by the soil. The structure of the plastic can withstand severe stress, mechanical damage and pressure;
• Resistant to clogging;
• Installation of a sewer outlet takes half the time than creating a sewer from metal products. They are interconnected without the use of welding - they are inserted into each other using a special lubricant;
• Price. Compared to other materials, plastic is much more profitable.

To carry out sewage from plastic, you will need tees, fittings. Most often this is necessary when creating an internal sewerage system at home.

Choosing the right sewer diameter. For individual construction ( a private house) a diameter of up to 150 mm is sufficient, even for a house with 4-5 bathrooms.

Larger diameter material is used for drainage in hotels, hospitals and other administrative institutions. Diameter over 300 mm is used on industrial enterprises.

Universal type for sewage - polypropylene models (PP index). They combine an advantageous cost, a service life of up to 50 years and an easy installation. PP is used in the construction of private houses in the wiring of external and internal sewerage systems.

A common material in the construction of sewers. Due to their structure and properties, they show themselves on a good side underground. In addition to sewerage, they are used in electrical wiring.

Views:

• Single layer. They are used in cable ducts, power lines protection;
• Two-layer. They are used in sewers and underground for communications due to their increased strength;
• Lungs. Vulnerable to mechanical stress, therefore they are not used underground;
• Heavy. Medium resistance opens access to use for underground communications;
• Super heavy. They are used in laying communications in difficult conditions (under a highway).

By material they are divided into:

• Plastic;

They are durable and will last up to 50 years. Plastic is resistant to temperature overload - it can withstand heating up to 95 degrees Celsius. They are not subject to chemical reactions, therefore they are used in contaminated soil. PVC is much more popular than polypropylene in creating sewage systems, especially internal ones.

HDPE is the lightest and most versatile material of the three presented. Withstand all soil loads, are not subject to corrosion and ultraviolet rays.

Differences from smooth types:

• Notches along the entire area and length of the material;
• Due to them, a high level of flexibility and practicality is achieved;
• Two-layer structure;
• Installation without the use of additional tools (fittings, couplings);
• Mobility assumes use in conditions of ground drop;
• The lightness increases the versatility of use and the ease of installation.

Heating made of steel and cast iron is a thing of the past. Due to the complexity of installation, connection and high cost, these materials turned out to be unprofitable. They were replaced by polypropylene. It is recommended to use reinforced polypropylene for heating systems. This increases the service life.

Reinforcement is divided into fiberglass and aluminum. In the first option, the reinforcement is inside the product, in the second, the aluminum envelops the outside.

Fiberglass prevents deformation due to temperature extremes and extreme heat. The cost is 30-40% higher than the material without reinforcement. Don't skimp on this. Reinforced for durability heating system.

The advantages of plastic pipes for heating:

• Service life - up to 50 years. The correct selection of material will allow you to forget about the replacement and repair of the heating system for a long time;
• Resistant to chemical processes. Plastic bypasses steel and cast iron, since it is absolutely not susceptible to rust;
• Since plastic is a soft material, the flow of water inside will not disturb residents with its noise;
• Easy to connect. To install heating, you only need a special welding machine, which is often called a soldering iron. The skills of welding plastic models are acquired literally in 5 minutes or in 2-3 parts welded together;
• When water freezes, you do not have to worry about the safety of the reinforced plastic;
• Low cost. Polypropylene for heating is two times cheaper than metal.

Cons of plastic pipes for heating:

• The wrong choice leads to the replacement of the heating system;
• Fire hazard. Heating made from plastic pipes is vulnerable to fire.

When buying is taken into account:

• Pressure. Indicated next to the main marking. For example, PN25 is a polypropylene pipe that can withstand a pressure of 25 atmospheres. Suitable for most heating systems;
• Temperature. There are two types of markings. The first is the indication of the maximum temperature. This is usually 90 degrees Celsius. Second - use for hot and cold water is marked with hot
• Reinforcement. As mentioned above - one of the main factors of choice. It is advisable to choose options with fiberglass reinforcement;
• Diameter. This item depends on the room in which the heating is used. In private houses, a diameter of 32 to 40 mm is used for wiring. When inserting into the radiator, 20 or 26 mm options are used.

In the plumbing area, plastic has displaced the rest of the materials. In old apartment buildings the owners have long been replacing the old plumbing system made of metal with a practical plastic one.

Advantages of plastic pipes for water supply:

• Price. Plastic options are much cheaper than steel ones;
• Environmental friendliness. One of the decisive factors. Since they are used to carry water to the bathroom, to the sink, they should not affect the level of pollution and the composition of the water. What cannot be said about metal;
• Resistant to corrosion and other chemical reactions... Metal parts are subject to rust, but plastic is not. Because of this, water does not come into contact with harmful particles and substances. Relatively clean water comes from the tap. But all the same, this does not excuse the installation of a water filter and does not guarantee perfectly clean water;
• Ease of installation. Like options for heating, plumbing is installed in a matter of minutes without using a complicated additional equipment, except for the welding machine;
• Resistant to sudden temperature changes. When the water freezes, the pipe will not crack or burst. Also, when heated to high temperatures, the material will not deform and swell;
• Service life up to 50 years will allow you not to worry about replacement or repair for many years.

The disadvantages include only the fact that plastics for a water supply system cannot be operated in fire hazardous conditions.

Features to pay attention to when choosing:

• Maximum heating temperature. Indicated next to the marking;
• Maximum pressure;
• Manufacturer. The design and composition features depend on it.

When installing inside the house, you will need metal taps and adapters. All folds and corners can be made using special fittings and corners, which are also made of plastic. After welding all the parts together, you must immediately check the strength and the absence of holes in the joints.

If the plumbing does not involve the use of hot water, ordinary plastic materials can be used. To conduct both hot and cold water, a different material is needed.

Conducting hot water is more common in living quarters and bathrooms. For plumbing for other purposes, ordinary plastic pipes are used. The synthetic composition of the polypropylene pipe allows it to be heated up to 140 degrees Celsius. In this case, the shape of the product will be restored after complete cooling to the operating temperature.

For hot water supply, reinforced polypropylene models are required. Reinforcement is the introduction of a metal grid or cladding into the structure of a plastic pipe. It is of two types - reinforcement with aluminum or fiberglass. The first option is used less often. Reinforcement with a layer of fiberglass increases the resistance of the material.

Advantages of plastic pipes for hot water:

• Increased heat resistance. Therefore, they are used to conduct hot water;
• Resistant to temperature extremes. Reinforced ones can easily tolerate both cold and hot water. With strong heating, the structure of the material and the product itself do not deform.

Products with aluminum reinforcement or a layer of foil. If the reinforcement takes place inside, the water reacts with the metal. This material loses in properties to fiberglass.

Structure: inner polypropylene layer, middle fiber layer, outer polypropylene layer. Plastic is an environmentally friendly and versatile material, and the fiber mesh gives strength and stability.

When choosing, you need to focus on the diameter of the riser - from 19 to 26 mm. When wiring from the riser across the floors, a much smaller diameter is used (half as much) - about 12-13 mm. When choosing a diameter, it is necessary to take into account the length of the water supply, the number of floors and the expected water consumption.

Polypropylene is a flexible and light alloy material. Because of this, problems arise when heating. Polypropylene expands and deforms strongly if the water in it reaches a temperature higher than stated on the label. When the temperature rises to 175 degrees Celsius, the material will melt.

The working temperature is approximately 90 degrees. Material may burst under high pressure and temperature. In addition, the pipe expands in length. It is undesirable to use polypropylene for floor insulation. Decorative coatings (e.g. tiles) will crack due to the expansion of the pipes.

For this reason, reinforced polypropylene... It does not eliminate all the disadvantages of the material, but it makes it much more practical. Reinforcement prevents the plastic from expanding, deforming and melting.

Reinforcement types:

• Aluminum. It is divided into subspecies. Reinforced layer of aluminum foil outside, inside or in the middle of the product. The type can be determined only by the slice.

Aluminum foil can be up to 0.5 mm thick. It connects to the plastic with glue. The quality of the material is tested by time - pipes often delaminate and peel off under the influence of hot water and daily use. Saving and buying cheap and little-known brands in this case is inappropriate;

• Fiberglass- an alternative to aluminum. The fiberglass layer is a mixture of polypropylene and fiber fibers. This layer is welded to the outside and inside, so the structure forms a single whole. The safety margin and resistance to deformation of the material is higher than that of aluminum, and the price remains the same.

Installation of reinforced products is no different from ordinary plastic ones. A welding machine or soldering iron is used. For corner joints fittings and couplings are used.

The process is different for pipes with aluminum reinforcement. Before using the soldering iron, the top layer of the metal is cleaned. If the foil is located in the inner layer, you will need a trimmer. The procedure is necessary to prevent delamination and peeling of the material.

Plastic pipes for underfloor heating

Water in such a system is heated to a temperature not exceeding 40 degrees Celsius, and is distributed evenly. More often, underfloor heating is installed in bathrooms and kitchens.

For installation, the following types are used:

• Reinforced plastic;
• Polypropylene;
• Polyethylene.

Metal-plastic is cheap and Alternative option copper. The inner layer is made of polyethylene, the middle one is made of aluminum, the outer one is made of polyethylene.

Polypropylene is cheaper than the previous version. But it is rarely used, since its safety margin and resistance to overheating are much lower. The best solution became cross-linked polyethylene. It is characterized by increased strength, durability and resistance to overheating. The price of the material is affordable.

Underfloor heating installation is a complex process with a long preparation. Before laying, a plan is drawn up. A diagram is drawn on paper, which is followed during installation.

Stacked with a snake or spiral. The first option is fast, but not uniform. The floor heats up in fragments. The second way is more common. The spiral heats the floor area evenly.

The distance between the heating pipes is up to 35 centimeters. According to statistics, a pipe with a diameter of 16 mm heats 15 cm on each side of itself along its total length.

The next step is floor cleaning and leveling. After that, the laying of the plastic pipe begins according to a previously drawn up scheme. First of all, the substrate is laid over the area of ​​the room. Above - a layer of foil. Next, the reinforcing mesh is laid. Mesh cells in area no more than 10 by 10 cm.

The plastic pipe is laid according to the drawn up scheme and is fastened with a step of 40 cm. The places where the heating comes out of the floor screed are preliminarily put into a protective casing. This will prevent deformation and abrasion of the plastic when pouring the top layer of the screed and further use.

Before pouring concrete screed, the system is connected to the manifold and the possibility of leaks is checked. The thickness of the screed layer is no more than 7 cm, otherwise the floor will not warm up.

The choice of material for underfloor heating should be approached responsibly. Otherwise, it makes no sense to spend money on the exterior finish of the floor - at any time, low-quality plastic can burst, swell or deform so that all floor tiles will crack and crack. After that, you will have to start all work from scratch.

It is better to spend more money on quality materials one time than redesigning the entire structure and system.

High pressure plastic pipes

They are characterized by increased strength and adaptability to overloads. They are mainly used for the transportation of liquids in oil plants, in mechanical engineering, in hydraulic systems. The structure is three-layer. The middle layer is usually a reinforced mesh.

LDPE contains polyethylene as its main component. Products made from it are completely environmentally friendly. LDPEs with a diameter of 16, 25 and 32 millimeters are widespread.

Advantages of high pressure plastic pipes:

• Low thermal conductivity. Due to this, the transportation of liquid became possible with practically no temperature loss. Also, this property reduces the level of condensation;
• Resistance to frost allows the TPVD to be used even in the most unfavorable conditions. When the water inside freezes, the outer shell does not collapse or deform. This eliminates the need for repair work and restoration;
• Ease of installation due to the weight of the product. Steel pipes weigh 6 times more than TPVD;
• Elasticity allows the material to withstand all mechanical stress and shock;
• Environmental friendliness;
• Service life - up to 50 years;
• Silent water flow.

Disadvantages of high pressure plastic pipes:

• This material is not suitable for creating a fire-fighting water supply system;
• Compliance temperature regime... Although the material can withstand overloads, it melts with a large increase in temperature;
• Fear of light rays. Therefore, TPVD is covered with additional insulation against ultraviolet rays;
• The fastening methods and technologies are different from the rest.

Characteristics of high pressure plastic pipes:

• Pressure. The indicator is determined by the brand of polyethylene, wall thickness, product diameter;
• Working temperature. The temperature standard at which the product retains its properties and performs the functions of +40 degrees Celsius. If the norms are exceeded, it is inappropriate to talk about maintaining a working state;
• Diameter. The diameter range is from 10mm to 3000mm. For water supply in private and apartment buildings, a diameter of 20 mm is used;
• Wall thickness. The parameter ranges from 2 to 6 millimeters. This item directly depends on the diameter of the product.

For installation, two methods are used - compression or electrofusion fittings... The first way is faster and easier. It does not require any special skills or equipment. In most cases, it is used at home to connect two segments.

The second method is electrofusion fittings. The fitting is aligned with an inner spiral that melts with special equipment and connects to another part. After the material has hardened, both parts become one. This method is much safer and more durable. But this requires experience and equipment. For private purposes, this method is rarely used.

TPVD - one of the most reliable. The area of ​​application is very diverse. The material is unpretentious. The only thing that is required to protect it is isolation from ultraviolet rays.

Frost resistant plastic pipes

Plastic, as an extremely vulnerable material, is not suitable for use in adverse conditions without additional involvement in the composition and structure. For use in frosty weather or underground, frost-resistant options are used. They are required for the creation of sewerage, protection for electrical networks, water supply.

Frost-resistant material is used when transporting liquids over long distances and for heat transfer lines.

Pros of frost-resistant plastic pipes:

• Price. The price of plastic is lower than that of metal;
• Increased resistance to external influences;
• Operation under special low temperatures... For these purposes, metal-plastic products are more often used, the stability of which remains up to -400 degrees Celsius. When the water inside freezes, the material itself will not lose its properties. After thawing, the plastic will return to its original shape.

There are practically no drawbacks to the material. It surpasses metal and steel products in all respects.

Polyethylene gas pipes are painted black with a yellow stripe to distinguish them from all others.

The advantages of gas plastic pipes:

• Frost resistance. Copes even with low temperatures;
• Insensitive to corrosion, which allows for use in underground conditions;
• Resistance to mechanical stress guarantees a quiet resistance to the action of the soil;
• Service life up to 50 years;
• Weak gas permeability. Gas does not pass through the walls due to the use of polyethylene, which is much stronger in structure than polypropylene;
• Ease of installation. Laying a gas pipeline from plastic is much faster than from metal;
• No additional chemical protection, casings or linings required. Copes with all overloads and difficulties without additional protection;
• Cheaper than metal;
• No need for waterproofing. This further reduces the cost of material and installation work in general.

With their help, a gas pipeline is laid only underground. Use in residential buildings and on surfaces is prohibited due to its vulnerability to external influences. This reduces security.

Not every type is used for gas piping. The material of the first and second categories is not suitable for use in difficult conditions (under crossings, motorways). It is also forbidden to use in areas with high seismic activity.

There are two types of polyethylene gas pipes: PE-100 and PE-80. They differ in wall thickness. The first version of the PE-100 has a thickness of 3.5 millimeters. PE-80 - from 2 to 3 millimeters. Also, both types differ in the pressure that they can withstand. The first type can withstand up to 12 atmospheres, and the second - up to 6 atmospheres.

The operating temperature ranges from -15 to +40 degrees Celsius. If the temperature exceeds the upper threshold, the product loses its properties and deformation begins.

A gas pipeline made of polyethylene is more difficult to connect than a water supply or sewerage. For this, special tees, couplings, plugs and reductions are used. Either butt welding or compression joint is used for the connection.

Today, there is no alternative to polyethylene pipes for a gas pipeline. A metal gas pipeline for underground routes is a thing of the past, and polypropylene products do not have a set of properties for safe use in gas pipeline construction.

This species is not highly specialized. It differs from the rest only in the changed type of section. Before the appearance of square products on the market, circular pipes had a complete monopoly. But these products are not applicable everywhere. Used in the following areas:

• Water supply;
• Sewerage;
• Heating.

This species is more widespread in gardening and plumbing.

Properties:

• Frost resistance;
• Flexibility. This allows it to be used on a problem landscape;
• Resistant to corrosive processes. Because of this, the water will remain clean, free from rust and other harmful particles.

When creating a well with a narrow diameter, polymer pipes are used. Such a well-needle will provide a sufficient amount of water for a summer cottage or garden plot... In addition, the water supply will be enough for a private house located on a plot in which up to 5 people live.

The main purpose of the casing is to contain the soil. Such a well made of plastic is a simplified way of providing a site with water. The well depth is no more than 9 meters. It will need 5 plastic pipes, since each is 2 meters long.

You can simplify the task by purchasing a specially prepared kit for wells.

It includes:

• A set of couplings and fittings;
• Drill for drilling a well;
• Water filter;
• The required length of a plastic pipe or workpiece, which will subsequently be connected to each other;
• Required valves and taps.

The advantages of such a well:

• Low cost compared to a steel well;
• Corrosion resistance;
• No rust;
• Convenience and ease of installation;
• Resistant to blockages.

The only case in which a well made of polypropylene pipes is inferior to the metal version is increased loads.

The concrete version weighs too much, is inconvenient during installation and requires special lifting equipment. This increases the cost of building the well. With the emergence and spread of plastic products in the field of communications, concrete rings are gradually going out of use.

The advantages of plastic rings:

• Rings do not require additional processing, unlike concrete ones. Concrete absorbs moisture and therefore needs waterproofing. This entails additional costs for impregnating the rings;
• Environmental friendliness. Plastic rings do not allow water to pass through themselves, while not entering into any chemical reactions with it;
• The cost is much lower than for a concrete structure.

You can purchase such a well both in a solid version and in a prefabricated one. The one-piece version includes a plastic neck with a hatch and a one-piece pipe of the required length for the well. In this case, both smooth and corrugated products are used. The kit also includes fittings.

They are made from:

• Polypropylene;
• Polyethylene;
• Polyvinyl chloride.

The savings lie in additional installation costs, not in the cost of pipes and rings. The price differs little from the reinforced concrete counterparts. But the cost of transportation, installation and additional processing for plastic products is much lower. In addition to conventional wells and wells, plastic products are used in the creation of storage wells, collectors.

Plastic rings and pipes are used not only when creating a new well or well, but also when repairing concrete options. This is appropriate when displacing old rings. Displacement occurs as a result of seasonal displacement in the ground. Soil and clay get into the well water, which makes the water cloudy and requires additional filtration.

Such damage is repaired with a "plastic stocking". A plastic pipe with a diameter smaller than that of a well is inserted inside. The gap between the concrete rings and the plastic ones is filled with drainage.

Cases of using plastic products in case of damage to a reinforced concrete well:

• The flow rate of the well is reduced to such a level that deepening is required to the next aquifer. This is done as follows: water is pumped out of the well, the upper part is dismantled and the well is cleaned of silt and other contaminants;
• A product with such a diameter is selected so that the workpiece freely passes through the well shaft and does not get stuck;
• Holes with a diameter of 1 to 2 centimeters are made at the bottom of the well;
• A plastic ring is installed to the very bottom. From the inside, the shaft is preliminarily fixed with a metal mesh;
• All water is pumped out by a surface pump as it comes in;
• As the water level decreases, the column moves deeper, thereby creating a kind of well from plastic rings inside the well. Thanks to this, the well will be filled with water again;
• The upper part of the well is lined with plastic rings;
• The last stage is sealing and processing. The final pumping out of water and disinfection of the well is carried out. If water does not appear immediately, then the level will rise in a couple of weeks. This is true after the winter period.

For such a restoration, the costs are initially calculated. Before starting, the entire well is inspected for the presence of significant damage and shifts. It is possible that solving the problem with a plastic well inside the well will not help and you will have to redo everything from scratch.

If the costs of renovation work exceed the cost of building a new modern plastic well, it is wiser to choose the second option. It will cost less and will take less time to install. And the water in it is safe for human health due to the fact that plastic is not subject to chemical reactions.

Polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride. High quality plastic raw materials are used for their manufacture. The final product fully complies with the requirements of GOST and TU, has the necessary certificates of conformity and sanitary and epidemiological conclusions.

PE pipe for water

HDPE (HDPE)

Plastic pipes for water supply made of this material are very light. This property facilitates and reduces the cost of the process of their transportation and installation. Standard installation methods of the system eliminate the cost of special equipment and additional training of personnel. HDPE has a high anti-corrosion resistance, which also saves on pipe insulation. The price list can be found in the section -.

Cross-linked polyethylene PEX

We offer hot water pipes made of PEX. The special technology of compaction of the material during the production process makes it possible to make them dense, increase their resistance to negative impacts when operating in hot water supply systems. For the installation of this type of pipe, special fittings are required.

High pressure polyethylene LDPE (LDPE)

LDPE pipes can perform everyday tasks, they can be used in the construction of wells, at construction sites. The flexibility of the elements makes it possible to use them in hard-to-reach places. Provide water transportation without heat loss. Absolutely insensitive to chemical influences.

Technical polyethylene

Pipes made of this material are used in non-pressure systems for technical water supply (drainages, storm and sewer systems, for land reclamation and irrigation). Ease of installation is expressed in the ability to use both a welded and a fitting method of joining segments.

PVC water pipes

​PVC for non-pressure systems

PVC water pipe high throughput, low toxicity, bacteria and fungi do not settle on their surface. Light weight, flexibility and ease of creating any type of connection - a guarantee of a high speed of installation of the water supply system.

PVC-U for pressure systems

PVCVC is used to manufacture pipes for cold and hot water, which are distinguished by chemical and temperature resistance.

Polypropylene water pipes

Water supply polypropylene pipe not subject to wear on contact with microorganisms. Their installation is carried out using glue, there is no need to use additional tools. This aspect, in addition to the low price, is considered the main advantage of this type of pipe. In addition, they are not subject to deformation, thanks to which they are used in hard-to-reach places. Such pipes are widely used for laying hot and cold water supply systems for domestic and industrial purposes. They have an attractive appearance, due to which they can be used for external installation.

Ways to connect water pipes

• by the method of contact-butt welding;
• using fittings with embedded electric heaters;
• compression fittings;
• with steel clamping flanges (detachable connection).

Advantages of ordering in Polymer Systems:

• Direct deliveries in Moscow
• Favorable prices for all types of pipes
• Custom production of custom pipes and fittings
• Thermal insulation of pipes, application of reinforcing materials
• Delivery of pipes and components pl Moscow
• Sale of fittings and other additional components

With us you can always buy plastic pipes for water supply the required size from any of the above material. We carry out sales from the warehouse, as well as delivery to the client's unloading point.

The use of plastic pipes for plumbing made it possible to get rid of the bulky steel networks that were previously equipped in almost all residential buildings and public buildings. Durable and easy to install, plastic pipelines quickly gained popularity and became the most popular type of polymer pipe products.

In order not to get confused in the varieties of plumbing plastic products, it is recommended to take a short excursion into the world of popular polymer communications, find out their features, get acquainted with the varieties, sizes and conditions of use.

Derivatives of complex polymers: polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and metal polymers are the initial raw materials for the production of water supply communications. All of them are united under one name "plastic pipes for water supply" with different technical properties with different characteristics, the characteristics of which depend on the conditions of their use.

Depending on the physical properties, each polymer has its own recommended area of ​​application, which you need to know for the correct selection of material

Advantages and disadvantages of plastic pipes for water supply

The enormous popularity of everything for water can be explained by the presence of the following technical merits and indicators:

• Solid service life. If the water supply line is installed technically competently and the operating conditions are not violated, the water supply line can work effectively for 50 years.
• The inner cavity does not corrode, does not overgrow with silt and salt build-ups. The absence of obstacles in the path of the water flow is positively reflected on and the water pressure will be unchanged.
• Simplicity and ease of installation. Home craftsmen - craftsmen can easily lay or lay pipes for the water supply in the country.
• Plastic pipe water supply network can be installed on any terrain. No complicated additional equipment is required for the device of rotary elements.
• Polymer products are several times lighter than their metal counterparts. This indicator can significantly reduce the load from the water supply system by bearing structures building.
• Plastic pipe communications do not lose their effectiveness in conditions of temperature changes. When the material is heated, there are no various blisters and stratification on the outer surface, and when the water freezes inside, the integrity of the water main is preserved, and the pipe does not burst.
• Polymer building materials are easy to transport. Storage does not require special conditions.
• Environmental Safety. Even with long-term use, plastic is not toxic and does not emit substances harmful to human health.

In addition to technical indicators and characteristics, it is worth noting the economic component of costs. Compared to plumbing made of steel, the cost of plastic pipes will be much lower. If you do the installation yourself, then you can cost the gasket plastic water pipe will be minimal.

Disadvantages of plastic plumbing:

1. Limitations in the application for hot water supply associated with the high temperature of the coolant.
2. Impossibility of using for fire-fighting water communications.
3. For the installation of each type of plastic pipes, various technological connection processes are recommended.

Difficulties may arise when disposing of polymer pipes, but this small flaw is compensated for by a long service life.

Main characteristics

When choosing pipes for a plastic water supply system, one should be guided by the technical characteristics of the products. There is a direct dependence of the technical properties and features of polymer pipes on the material of their manufacture. For the production of polymer building materials used different kinds raw materials with different temperature, weight and strength characteristics

Media temperature

Plastic plumbing can be used for both cold and hot water supply, However, not all types of plastic are designed for hot water supply.

In the following table, compiled on the basis of the recommendations of the manufacturers, it can be concluded that the scope of use of plastic for hot water is limited by the technical properties of the starting material.

Weight

Among the main technical characteristics water pipes intended for water supply, an important criterion is their weight. It is known that low weight in comparison with a metal water supply system is one of the main advantages of plastic communication. When laying a water supply system along the walls or under the ceiling, it is important to know: how much the piping will weigh and whether the structure of the wall or ceiling can withstand this load. If you do not have a handbook on plastic plumbing materials at hand, then you can use the following rules to calculate the weight:

1. The weight indicator is in direct proportion to the diameter and thickness of its walls. For example, one running meter of a plastic tubular product with a diameter of 16 mm is equal to 100 grams. There are currently no strict weight standards and upon purchase the weight of the product can be seen on the attached certificate.
2. Calculation formula for self-determination of the weight of polymer pipe products: weight in kilograms 1 m. Running. plastic pipe = ((Dn - T) / 40.55) * T, where Dn is the outer diameter, T is the wall thickness, 40.55 is a constant.

There is another way to find out the approximate weight value: determine the volume of the pipe in m3 and multiply by a constant factor of 950.

Strength

Strength indicators are especially relevant for plastic pipes laid in the ground. They operate under conditions of internal high pressure water flow and external load from a large volume of soil. Manufacturers propose to use products with higher strength indicators for such types of water supply engineering networks, but the price of such building materials will be much higher than that of ordinary plastic ones.

Polymer pipes, despite their numerous positive characteristics, are sensitive to point impacts, for example, an inadvertent hammer blow, especially at the junction, can destroy the integrity of the structure. Therefore, when laying the pipe, knowing about the fragility of plastic products, you should take precautions and carry out the installation carefully and carefully.

Table of diameters of pipes for water supply

The throughput of the entire water supply system depends on the choice of the size of the pipes for the water supply. Each type of polymer pipe products has its own norms and standards with different wall thicknesses.

There is a rule that for laying a water supply line, the pipe diameter should not be less than 15 mm, and diameters from 32 mm are used for the installation of water supply risers.

When choosing pipes of the required size, one should take into account the dependence of the section on the length of the water supply line:

1. If the length of the water system is less than 30 meters, pipes with a diameter of 25 mm are allowed.
2. If the length of the line is more than 30 meters, it is recommended to use a cross-section of 32 mm or more.

For short water lines up to 10 meters, plastic products with a diameter of 20 mm will be relevant.

This video will help you figure out the diameters in millimeters and inches and their conversion:

HDPE HDPE pipes

The initial raw material for the manufacture of low pressure polyethylene pipes (HDPE) are high molecular weight polymers obtained during the polymerization of ethylenes under low pressure treatment. For the laying of drinking water supply networks, only materials obtained from primary polyethylene are used, the water pipe is black with a blue stripe. Polyethylene pipe products without strips, obtained as a result of recycling, are used, and sewage. Due to the physical properties of polyethylene softening under the influence of high temperatures, HDPE products are not recommended for use as water supply pipes for hot water.

Advantages of HDPE polyethylene pipes for water supply:

• low weight, which has a positive effect on transportation and installation;
• do not corrode;
• simple and quick installation;
• the inner cavity is not overgrown with silt outgrowths;
• not damaged even when the media freezes. If winter temperature falls below - 20 degrees, then the material becomes brittle;
• long service life.

Polyethylene products are mounted by special welding or using. They go on sale in the form of 6 meter segments and coils of various lengths.

Marking

For the convenience of choosing plastic HDPE pipes for the water supply system, a special marking of letters and numbers is used, displaying detailed information:

1. Manufacturing plant and compliance with GOST manufacturing, for example GOST 18599-2001.
2. International brand designation, for example PE100, PE63, PE80.
3. The size of the outer diameter, measured in millimeters.
4. Wall thickness.
5. The size of the working and maximum allowable pressure.
6. Date and batch of manufacture.

The reference for the area of ​​use is the color of the outer surface: a pipe for drinking water - black with a blue stripe, black without stripes is used or cable networks.

Polypropylene pipes for water supply

Polymer pipe products made of polypropylene are distinguished by their versatility. They are used not only as pipes for laying cold water, but are excellent for organizing hot water supply. The range of produced diameters is from 16 to 125 mm. They are sold in separate pieces 4 meters long. Polypropylene pipes for water are marked with the letters PP.

By their structure, PP polypropylene tubular products are divided into single-layer and reinforced multilayer structures. Single-layer modifications are very flexible and therefore their field of application is limited to gravity pipelines. Reinforced consists of the following words:

1. Thick-walled polypropylene pipe.
2. Thin aluminum foil.
3. Protective polypropylene layer.

Multilayer polypropylene pipes are used to organize cold water supply. This is not recommended for hot media. This is due to the fact that, due to the high coefficient of linear expansion under the action of a coolant with a high temperature, deformation changes are observed in the products and they can sag.

Polypropylene tubular products are manufactured for water systems with a pressure of 10.16.20 atmospheres and various wall thicknesses.

To connect polypropylene pipelines, special soldering irons are used, which melt the ends and turn the connection into a monolith.

Reinforced-plastic pipes

Reinforced-plastic pipes are called a three-layer structure consisting of cross-linked polyethylene, thin aluminum foil and a protective layer of polyethylene. The design of the product is flexible enough, retains its shape after bending, and therefore, with small turning radii, it can be laid without corner and swivel fittings. Metal-reinforced plastic can withstand high temperature of the heating medium, and works well under high pressure water flow conditions. If very hot water is circulating through the pipes, slight deformation may occur.

Metal-plastic is marked with the letters PEX-Al-PE, which can be deciphered: cross-linked polyethylene + aluminum + polyethylene. Produced in diameters from 16 to 40 mm. It is important to know that the brand reflects the inner and outer diameter, for example 12 - 15 or 20 - 25.

Reinforced-plastic products are used to supply cold and hot water up to +95 degrees.

Cross-linked polyethylene PEX

Cross-linked polyethylene polymer pipes are a high-tech product made after high pressure processing of polyethylene. As a result of this treatment, the macromolecules are "crosslinked" with each other, and a strong polymer with the properties of plastic is formed. XLPE pipes are designated with the letters PEX. Installation is carried out using special connecting fittings. This type of media is ideal for feeding hot media. Produced in diameters from 12 to 315 mm. The surface is marked with information about the manufacturer, permissible temperature, operating pressure, diameter and wall thickness, date of manufacture.

Polyvinyl chloride pipes (PVC) for water supply

Pipes made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are intended for cold water supply. It is not recommended to use PVC communications for hot water supply. It's connected with physical property PVC polymer melt at a temperature of 50 to 80 degrees. For hot water, a modification of HPHV is used, which stands for "chlorinated PVC".

Manufacturers produce PVC pipe products with a diameter of 10, 12, 16, 20, 25, 40, 50, 73, 75, 90 and 110 mm, with a wall thickness from 2 to 18.3 mm. For the installation of the water main, special fittings are required.

What plastic pipes are suitable for hot water

If you place plastic pipes for hot water in the ranking by popularity,

you get the following leader line:

• metal-plastic;
• polypropylene;
• cross-linked polyethylene.

Each of these varieties has its own pros and cons, which should be carefully studied when reviewing the technical characteristics.

Plumbing plastic pipes sizes and prices

You can get acquainted with the estimated cost of plastic water pipes in the proposed table:

In conclusion, the review of plastic pipes for water supply, I would like to say that the efficiency and reliability of the water supply system depends not only on the selected type of pipes, diameter and cost. The most important thing is professional installation and the use of quality material.

Various materials can be used. Today, plastic pipes for water supply are quite popular, the sizes and prices of which can vary in a fairly wide range. It can be difficult to make a choice in favor of a particular product. We offer you to get acquainted with the features of plastic fittings, their cost and the recommended area of ​​use.

Read in the article

Normative and technical documents

The pipes used for the plumbing device must meet certain regulatory requirements. GOST 25151-82 establishes General requirements to the water supply system. Hygienic requirements for drinking water and the procedure for passing control are regulated by GOST 2874-82. Products from polyethylene are manufactured in accordance with the requirements of GOST 18599-2001, from PVC - GOST R 51613-2000. There are other regulatory and technical documents that determine the procedure for installing a water supply system and impose certain requirements for the implementation of installation work. The parameters of free-flow devices are regulated by building codes.

Main characteristics

When choosing products for a water supply device, one should focus on their characteristics. The parameters of the purchased products depend on the installation location. We offer you to get acquainted with the characteristics that must be taken into account when buying materials for plumbing.

Diameters of plastic pipes for water supply and other dimensions

In accordance with regulatory requirements, 34 standard sizes have been established for plastic pipes in the range of 10–1600 mm. The most widespread are non-pressure products with a diameter of 50–110 mm and a length of up to 8 m. The wall thickness is usually 3.2 mm. For pressure structures, the diameter can be 63–315 mm.

The main overall dimensions of plastic products for plumbing include:

1. Inner diameter.
2. Nominal bore diameter.
3. Wall thickness.
4. Length.

When choosing transverse dimensions, the installation location is taken into account. For the outdoor system, choose products with a diameter of 32-100 mm. For the interior, a material with a smaller cross-section can be purchased. For vertical risers, a diameter of 32 mm is sufficient; for horizontal sections, you can purchase plastic pipes for a water supply with a diameter of 16 or 25 mm.

Weighted

The weight of a running meter depends on the characteristics of the material used and the linear dimensions of the pipe itself. On average, a running meter of a product with a diameter of 16 mm weighs about 100 g, with a diameter of 25 mm - a little more than 200 g.

Advice! To find out the approximate weight in kg, find the volume (in m³) and multiply the resulting value by 950.

Strength

For water pipes operating under, the strength characteristics of the plastic used have fundamental pressure. The products used must be able to withstand the pressure generated inside the plumbing system as well as the external pressure created by the soil.

Attention! For plastic pipes with high strength characteristics, the price will be higher.

Temperature

The maximum operating temperature is determined by the characteristics of the material from which the water supply is made. If in polyethylene it is only + 45 ° С, then in cermets it reaches + 95 ° С.

Advantages and disadvantages

Plastic pipes for water have a number of undeniable advantages:

• long service life;
• low noise level;
• light weight. Plastic pipes are easier to install and easier to transport;
• lack of characteristic corrosive processes;
• sufficient strength characteristics. Quality products can be used for a water supply system that works under a sufficiently high;
• resistance to a number of aggressive substances;
• absence of deposits on the inner surface;
• low thermal conductivity;
• environmental Safety. Plastic products do not provide harmful effects on human health or the environment;
• the possibility of forming a water supply system of the desired configuration thanks to a wide range of fittings and fittings

The disadvantages include:

• the complexity of the installation work due to the need to use special fittings;
• maximum temperature limitation, which must not be violated;
• different requirements for the installation of pipes made of different materials.

Applications

Plastic pipes have a fairly wide range of applications. They are used not only for water supply, but also for other systems. We invite you to get acquainted with the main area of ​​use of such products and their distinctive features.

Water pipes

The formed structure has a long service life. For its manufacture, various materials can be used, depending on the purpose and place of work. For household purposes, mainly polyethylene and polypropylene are purchased. In industrial enterprises of collective use, products made of polyvinyl chloride are used. The features of the listed materials and the recommended area of ​​use are discussed below.

Sewerage

PP, PVC, PE pipes can be used for the device. The standardized dimensions make it possible to use a variety of plastic sewer pipes. The sizes and prices of such products are closely interrelated: the larger the transverse dimensions, the higher the throughput and cost.

The choice in favor of plastic pipes is made because of:

• resistance to aggressive environment;
• optimal strength characteristics. They are able to maintain their integrity at a meter depth;
• low roughness, which reduces the likelihood of blockages and sediment on the inner surface;
• light weight;
• availability;
• simple installation.

Plastic pipes for heating

The choice in favor of a plastic contour is made due to:

Before purchasing plastic, you should decide on the optimal diameter and type of system. The throughput of the system and the level of heat loss will depend on this. If the bandwidth is sufficient, it will be possible to abandon the branched system. When installing a heating circuit with, plastic pipes with smaller transverse dimensions are selected: 8–10 mm. For systems with natural circulation, products with a large cross section are required.

Related article:

The advantages and disadvantages of polypropylene, a market overview and criteria for choosing pipes, the basics of designing a heating system - read our publication.

Types of pipes for water supply

For the manufacture of long products, materials with different characteristics... We offer you to get acquainted with the existing types of pipes for water supply and their features, so that it is easier to choose the material for your water supply.

Polyvinyl chloride PVC pipes for water supply

Products made of polyvinyl chloride have sufficient strength and are able to withstand exposure to low temperatures. PVC pipes for water have a number of undeniable advantages:

• are not afraid of external negative factors and chemicals;
• allow you to form a water supply system of any configuration due to the availability of a large assortment of fittings;
• long service life;
• low thermal conductivity.

Due to the formation of a sealed connection, it is possible to use PVC pipes for a water supply system installed on floating ground.

Polypropylene pipes for water supply

Products made of are resistant to active chemicals. They are mounted quickly enough. Installation work can be done by hand. Environmentally friendly. They have a long service life.

The high rigidity for the water supply forces the use of many rotary ones when installing the system. Under the influence of high temperature, they undergo significant deformation. To avoid negative consequences, temperature compensators are provided.

Manufacturers offer products of three types:

• PN 10- for the device of the cold water supply system and;
• PN 20- for hot water supply. Universal products that allow heating up to + 80 ° С;
• PN 25 with a maximum operating temperature of + 95 ° С.

To increase the strength characteristics and stabilize the parameters PN 25 are reinforced with glass fiber or aluminum foil... The reinforcing layer can be formed internally or externally.

Metal polymers

Metal-plastic products consist of three layers: PE-X polyethylene, a thin layer of aluminum and another layer of PE-X polyethylene. Plastic with a metal layer is connected using a special adhesive. The polymer included in the material gives them sufficient flexibility and smoothness. The aluminum layer provides sufficient strength and reduces the amount of thermal expansion when heated. Metal polymers are able to withstand heating up to + 95 ° С. They are lightweight. They are not afraid of aggressive environments. The water running through the water supply creates a minimum of noise.

The disadvantages of a metal polymer include:

• flammability;
• low resistance to ultraviolet radiation;
• high probability of product delamination;
• limited choice of sizes;
• low resistance to impact loads.

To connect the elements of the water supply system, compression or press fittings are used, which are distinguished by their high cost.

HDPE low pressure polyethylene

There are two types: for industrial and drinking water. Due to their good elasticity, they are realized in coils, which significantly reduces the number of plastic fittings used. Retains characteristics when cooled down to -50 ° C. Has a long service life.

A comment

"HDPE pipes are not suitable for hot water supply systems, as their operating temperature should not exceed + 45 ° C."

Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX)

Processing of polyethylene under high pressure allows you to qualitatively change the structure of the material. The resulting spatial structure provides plastic pipes with improved mechanical properties. Products made of cross-linked polyethylene are distinguished by high strength characteristics and are able to withstand exposure to high temperatures (up to + 95 ° C). They can be used for hot and cold water supply systems. When installing the water supply, crimp fittings are used.

Which pipes are best for plumbing

Plastic products are gradually being replaced by other materials. When deciding which pipes for water supply are best, you should consider functional features mounted system. For hot water supply, polypropylene products are suitable. XLPE pipes have similar functions, however, its price for the same size will be much higher. Reinforced-plastic products are superior in performance, but the price for them will be even higher.

Locksmith for the operation of water supply and sewerage systems, LLC "GK" Spetsstroy "

“If you have a lot of turns and bends, you should stop buying small plastic pipes. This will avoid problems with pressure and delivery. "

When installing plumbing services outside the house, you should immediately take care of. The operational characteristics of the water supply system will depend on the quality of the thermal insulation work. Thermal insulation materials are selected taking into account the location of the house and the depth of the water supply.

DIY installation of plastic pipes for plumbing

When proceeding with the installation of plastic pipes for a water supply system with your own hands, you should carefully read the procedure for performing the work. The sequence of actions depends on the type of material used. The connection of polypropylene pipes is performed as follows:

Illustration	Description of action
	The material of the required size and special is being prepared. We heat the equipment to operating temperature.
	We heat the abutting parts for 15 seconds. Do not turn them while heating them.
	We connect the fragments to each other, providing the required spatial position.

Installation of PVC pipes can be carried out using several technologies:

• by "cold welding", in which it is necessary to use a special chemical composition;
• through the use of special fittings if fragments made of different materials are to be connected together;
• bell-shaped method. This method is relevant when installing a sewage system.

How to warm a plastic water pipe in the ground

If the level of insulation is insufficient, the water supply system may freeze in winter. If this happens, you need to know how to heat the plastic water pipe in the ground so as not to damage it. This can be done as follows:

• disconnect the plastic pipe from;
• we heat a large volume of water;
• we insert a hose of a smaller diameter inside the pipeline. It must be long enough to reach the ice plug;
• we supply heated water from the container inside the hose. The process can be accelerated by using an injection pump;
• we move the hose inside the water pipe as the ice melts.

Instead of a hot pipe, you can use the heat generated as the electricity passes through the conductor. However, this method requires certain knowledge and careful adherence to safety precautions.