Which septic tank to choose for a private house and a summer residence with permanent residence. How to choose a septic tank: advice on which one is better to choose a septic tank for a private house Long-lasting septic tank
It is not so easy to purchase a suitable septic tank for a country house - what to choose depends on many factors, so it is important to determine the main priorities and criteria for evaluating the compared models. Of course, professional advice and help from neighbors can be of great help, but remember that the choice is individual in each case. It depends, first of all, on the needs of the residents of the house and the conditions at a particular facility. Right choice will provide maximum comfort and avoid problems during the operation and maintenance of the autonomous sewage system.
When figuring out which septic tank to choose for a country house, you should understand that it is important not only to compare the models with each other, but also to correlate their characteristics with specific conditions.
Consider the following:
- climatic conditions,
- structure, density and other features of the soil on the site,
- operating mode, which is determined by the nature of living in the house (permanent, seasonal, periodic),
- the average daily volume of wastewater (this parameter can be calculated according to a more complex scheme, taking into account the type and number of plumbing fixtures and washing equipment, but more often they use a simplified scheme, considering that the average daily water consumption of one person is about 200 liters).
Recyclers models and their features
Any septic tank for the sewerage of a country house has its own characteristics.
Storage devices
Accumulators are the cheapest and easiest utilizers at the construction stage. It is advisable to choose them in the case when the house is not used too often or if the owners are ready to often use the services of sewers.
Factory septic tanks with additional post-treatment stages
Factory non-volatile septic tanks for a country house (for example, Tank, Triton, etc.) for efficient operation are supplied with infiltrators or soil purification systems for them can be arranged independently. In the tanks of such products, settling and partial purification of effluents occurs, and the final biological decomposition of impurities with the help of bacteria is carried out in the soil. Many people know that for the installation of such septic tanks areas with a high location are not suitable groundwater , however, there is one more nuance - filtration fields cannot always be in one place, and their transfer is a rather laborious process, associated with the performance of a large amount of earthwork. The choice of a septic tank for a country house should take into account all the features of operation.
Advice: Instead of filtration fields, it is possible to use a drainage well with a filtration bottom.
Self-made septic tanks
Self-construction of a septic tank takes time and effort, but this is largely justified by the cost-effectiveness of the option. Building a septic tank is much cheaper than purchasing a factory model.
Consecutively connected sedimentation tanks, poured concrete or, as well as other materials, provide a stepwise clarification of effluents and can be quite effective with the correct choice of the volume and type of structure, as well as subject to the recommendations of specialists at the construction stage.
Deep cleaning stations
Local deep treatment plants for wastewater can only be purchased. The sedimentation of impurities in such models is combined with the decomposition of organic inclusions under the influence of and anaerobic and aerobic bacteria... The advantages of such facilities are a high degree of purification and minimum requirements to service - VOCs work in automatic mode. However, it should be remembered that deep cleaning stations volatile and need to be connected to the mains supply... Also, for many owners country houses A limiting factor in purchasing is the high cost of VOCs.
Soil features
Before determining which septic tank is best for a country house, study in detail the geological conditions at your site. In addition to the type of soil, the level of occurrence of surface waters is important, as well as the height of their rise, for example, during a flood.
Models for light soils
If the soil in the country house or in the backyard of a country house is sandy or with a high content of sand (sandy loam), any type of septic tank can be chosen for arranging an autonomous sewage system. In particular, models with soil purification systems are effective under these conditions, since light soils pass and filter water well.
On light soils, both expensive bio-purification stations and simple budget storage devices work well.
The photo shows an example of the arrangement of filtration fields on the site Heavy soil models
The high content of clay, which passes water only in a dry state, and, being saturated with moisture, becomes a waterproofing agent, imposes certain restrictions on the choice of a treatment facility. If the soil on the site is clay or loam, and you are looking for the best septic tank for a country house, the rating will be headed by sealed storage tanks and local treatment plants (VOCs). In this case, it is not rational to install a model with additional soil cleaning. Theoretically, this is possible, but for the normal functioning of the device, you will have to perform a huge amount of earthwork - remove clay soil, replacing it with rubble or sand.
Models for areas with high water levels
A high level of soil waters or their significant rise in floods can create certain problems in the operation of an autonomous sewage system. To avoid them, it is important to choose the right type of heat exchanger. Models that provide for the filtration of wastewater through the soil will not work in this case - the impurities in them will get into the groundwater.
Acceptable options are:
- sealed storage devices,
- VOCs, which provide for the forced removal of the purified liquid,
- septic tanks with a post-treatment system located on the ground surface.
Obviously, under any conditions, you can find the best septic tank for a country house - decide what to choose for yourself.
Wastewater treatment plant performance
For trouble-free operation of the septic tank and to prevent overfilling of tanks, it is important to choose the right model performance. This parameter, in turn, is related to the volume of cameras and their number.
It has already been indicated above that the average daily volume of fluid consumption is about 200 liters per person. The septic tank, according to the accepted norms and rules, must contain the amount of drains in three days, so this figure should be tripled and multiplied by the number of residents. The result obtained will be the required performance of the utilizer, but experts do not recommend choosing “at a minimum”, a small margin should be made - 10-15% of the estimated volume, which is a kind of insurance and a way to reduce the risk of overflow of tanks.
Having decided on the volume of the product, you can decide on the number of cameras.
- Single-chamber models are suitable with a minimum amount of wastewater (average daily volume is less than a cubic meter).
- If the daily volume of wastewater is no more than ten cubic meters, a two-chamber septic tank will be the best option.
- Three-chamber models will ensure trouble-free waste disposal, even if a family of 4 permanently lives in the house, they are designed to process wastewater in a volume of more than 10 cubic meters per day.
Pricing
Many manufacturers produce different kinds septic tanks for a country house. The presence in the model lines of products with different parameters allows you to make a rational choice for each house. At the same time, there are also specific features for each brand.
All parameters affect the cost of the utilizer, including:
- septic tank volume,
- the number of tanks connected in series (chambers, cleaning stages),
- technology used for wastewater treatment,
- Availability additional equipment(float level meters, automatic control systems, filters, drain pumps, airlifts, compressors),
- body material,
- company manufacturer.
You can learn from another article as a soil purification system.
If you decide to use it as a sewer, then our article will help in their selection and installation.
About the features of an independent device outdoor toilet here.
Popular models
In order to make it easier to navigate in the variety of models, we offer a brief overview of septic tanks for a country house most renowned manufacturers.
Tank
Non-volatile septic tanks, one of the advantages of which is the presence of a monolithic body, which excludes the possibility of waste getting into groundwater. To increase the strength of the case, they are equipped with stiffening ribs. In the model range of septic tanks of this brand there are compact models for small summer cottages(productivity - 600 l / day) and high-performance (from 1200 l / day) products designed for permanent residence of a family of 5-6 people.
Triton
Septic tanks Triton are compact single-chamber models of the "mini" class (Triton-Mini, Triton-Micro) and models for a large amount of wastewater (from 1000 l / day) with three chambers connected in series (Triton-T). All structures are characterized by increased strength, capable of withstanding loads from soil pressure.
Topas
Models of this brand are energy-dependent (refer to deep biological treatment plants - they purify wastewater by 98%), but differ from their counterparts in low energy consumption. Reviews of septic tanks for a country house brand "Topas" prove their reliability. In addition, users note a large selection of products that differ in technical characteristics (performance, the degree of burial of the sewer pipe, the method of drainage, etc.).
The best solution to the problem of wastewater disposal in the country, where there is no central sewerage system, is to install a septic tank. However, the search suitable model may not be as easy as expected. Huge assortment of various designs and modifications offered modern manufacturers, poses the question to the user: which is the best septic tank for a summer residence? After reviewing the information provided below, you can get a more complete picture of the home sewage system and wastewater treatment system and already consciously start choosing the design of the treatment plant.
Read in the article:
What is a septic tank: purpose, installation requirements
A septic tank is a treatment facility, the purpose of which is collection, processing and disposal of sewage. Buying a septic tank for a summer residence means ensuring comfortable use of water resources and a toilet. Household and household sewage in the form of a contaminated liquid cannot be simply poured onto the ground or into open tanks. This is always accompanied by unpleasant odors, soil and groundwater pollution, which threatens local environmental damage.
Therefore, for the arrangement of sewage systems in private territories, which include summer cottages, country cottages, estates, estates, special containers were invented for the safe concentration of waste effluents in them. Over time, these tanks were modernized into whole systems and began to be called septic tanks, to which modern people are already accustomed and treats as an integral part of the arrangement of everyday life and comfort.
The view of a well-equipped septic tank does not spoil appearance plot Currently, the user has the opportunity to choose between the simplest models of storage septic tanks for summer cottages or more complex structures providing additional filtration and even deep cleaning with subsequent disposal.
Practical advice! It should be remembered that no matter what type of structure the user chooses, its installation must meet certain requirements provided for by building codes and regulations (SNiP).
They provide a safe distance from the septic tank to some objects:
- from buildings, residential premises - at least 5 meters;
- water sources used for drinking - 50 m;
- water channels (natural and artificial) with running water -10 m, and stagnant reservoirs - 30 m;
- motorways, highways, roads (including country roads) - more than 5 m;
- trees - 3 m;
- gas pipelines, underground laying- 5 m.
Such removal distances are provided in case of damage to the integrity of the tank, in order to prevent harmful effects its contents to the listed objects.
Which septic tank to choose for a summer residence: choice options, classification
Before purchasing and installing a sewage treatment system, you need to decide which model is most effective for your specific operating conditions. How to choose a septic tank for a summer residence? - this question can be answered by familiarizing yourself with the types of structures, their designs and characteristics.
There are the following types of septic tanks:
- accumulative- operating on the principle of a cesspool, which is a container for collecting and accumulating household and domestic wastewater from the house until pumping out using special equipment (sewage machine);
- with soil filtration (drainage) system- providing preliminary treatment and clarification of effluents before they are transferred to the drainage system, where they are finally purified and dissolved in soil layers;
- using bio-purification- providing for the use different ways, allowing for almost complete purification of effluents and their safe discharge into the soil or water body.
In areas with no permanent residence, it is enough to install a storage tank, which will act as a septic tank for a toilet in the country.
If a family is supposed to live, as well as receive guests, then you need to think about installing a treatment plant with sufficient volume and good performance.
With the exception of accumulative models, the purification systems of the country sewage system function through the use of microorganisms - bacteria that process organic impurities of sewage masses coming from the house, thereby purifying them to the state of water. These bacteria are:
Depending on the bacteria used, septic tanks are divided respectively into anaerobic and aerobic models.
Design features and principle of action of anaerobic septic tanks
This type of treatment plant is a one-, two- or three-chamber tank, hermetically sealed, in which flows step-by-step processes decomposition of organic components of sewage and removal of the purified product by means of output to the soil layers.
The most popular are considered to be septic tanks of the anaerobic type with two chambers. Sewage enters the first chamber, where sedimentation and separation of solid particles are carried out. Then the contents are poured into the second compartment, where it is processed by aerobic microorganisms and cleaned. The clarified liquid is discharged through a drain pipe and dissolved in the soil through the drainage system.
The vital activity of aerobes and their work on the decomposition of organic impurities in household and household waste is accompanied by the release of gases: CO 2 - carbon dioxide; CH 4 - methane; NH 3 is ammonia; H 2 S - hydrogen sulfide.
Some of these gases dissolve perfectly in water and are removed with it, and some are removed through the ventilation system, which provides for the presence of check valve allowing the exhaust gases to be released to the outside, but preventing oxygen from entering.
To improve the quality of cleaning, some models provide for the presence of a biofilter - an additional chamber loaded with a special filler that creates favorable conditions for the growth of anaerobic bacteria. Polymer granules, expanded clay or plastic mesh are used as filler.
The main advantages of anaerobic models are:
- simplicity of design - no complex technical and electrical elements;
- energy independence - the cleaning process takes place in the course of natural reactions;
- relatively low cost.
With a lack of beneficial microbes or low efficiency of their "work", you can buy anaerobic bacteria for a septic tank in order to artificially increase their population in septic chambers by "sharing".
The device and conditions for the functioning of aerobic septic tanks
Unlike previous models, the principle of operation of aerobic septic tanks is based on increasing the access of oxygen to the septic chamber to maintain the activity of aerobes, which cannot exist without it. For this purpose, the designs of such structures provide for the presence of compressors, pumps, aerators (air nozzles through which air enters the tank in the form of a cloud of bubbles).
An aerobic septic tank for a summer residence cannot be called non-volatile, but its main advantages are:
- high productivity with smaller tank volumes;
- waste processing rate;
- high quality cleaning.
The disadvantages are the relatively high cost and the inability to maintain operational efficiency in the absence of power.
The structure consists of two or three chambers. Sewer drains fall into a receiving tank, where coarse and heavy fractions are separated from smaller particles. From the constant access of oxygen supplied through the aerators, the bacteria are in an active state and carry out the processing of organic compounds, cleaning the contents of the chamber. The purified water enters the secondary settling tank, where it is finally clarified and removed, freeing up space for the newly arrived liquid.
To maintain the stable performance of the purification system, it is recommended to add to it special additives containing aerobic bacteria for a septic tank, which can be purchased commercially.
What is a mini septic tank for a summer residence: distinctive features, advantages
Models of mini septic tanks are specially designed for arranging local sewerage systems on summer cottages... They may well cover the needs of two people with permanent residence, or the whole family with periodic visits to the personal plot.
The prefix "mini" means that the volume of such a structure is only 1m³. Despite its small size and insignificant capacity, the structure is capable of processing up to 200-300 liters of liquid per day.
The smallest septic tank for a summer residence has a principle of operation based on the same processes as in the models described above: settling, purification from organic matter due to bacteria, clarification and disposal through the drainage system.
The advantages of such models of mini septic tanks for summer cottages without pumping out include:
- durability - the material of manufacture (plastic or polyethylene) is not subject to corrosion and when correct operation have a long-term working resource;
- ease of maintenance - it consists in pumping out the sediment as it accumulates, which happens extremely rarely;
- small dimensions - allow the installation of the product even on a small plot of land;
- availability - the cost of mini installations compares favorably with larger counterparts.
Related article:
In the article we will try to figure out how you can do what is required for this, how difficult such work is, how to save money on construction.
Another advantage of the described models is the ease of installation, which, due to its small size and weight, can be carried out even by one person.
Septic tanks for a summer residence which is the best price: review, comparison, analysis
The modern market is replete with offers of its products from various manufacturing firms. The differences between the best septic tanks for summer cottages from more mediocre models do not have a pronounced character, they need to be looked for in details.
Choosing the right model of a wastewater treatment plant is not an easy task. It is impossible to make a decision based only on the volume of septic chambers, considering that the larger the container, the less often it needs to be pumped out. Without a well-oiled drainage system any septic tank will have to be pumped out often. It is necessary to take into account the possibility of installing additional post-treatment systems in case the purification quality is not high enough. It would be wrong to choose an aerobic septic tank for a site where power outages occur or a mini model for a large country house with permanent residence.
Practical advice! The best septic tank is the one that is suitable for specific operating conditions, has the required performance and cost, available to the user's purchasing power.
Choosing the best septic tank for a country house: rating of well-known manufacturers, product review
Majority trade marks present a range of their products with different modifications in order to interest the largest circle of buyers and draw their attention to their products. Manufacturers of septic tanks are no exception.
The user is invited to familiarize himself with the rating of 10 well-known brands - manufacturers of treatment facilities for local sewage systems, which for many years have occupied a leading position in popularity among customers.
"Topas" - high cleaning rates
The lineup Topas septic tanks have more than 30 titles. The most popular models for a summer residence or a country house, designed for a family of several people, are presented to the attention of users. These septic tanks are of the aerobic type. Having decided to buy a septic tank Topas inexpensively from the manufacturer, the purchase price will depend on the model name and its technical characteristics:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Topas-5 | Designed for 5 people Dimensions - 1.1x1.2x2.5 m Productivity - 1 m³ / day Price - RUB 79,900 |
 Topas-8 | Assumes 8 users Dimensions - 1.6x1.2x2.5 m Electricity consumption - 1.5 kW / day Productivity - 1.5 m³ / day Price - 99,900 rubles. |
 Topas-10 | Accommodates up to 10 people Dimensions - 2.1x1.2x2.5 m Electricity consumption - 2 kW / day Productivity - 2 m³ / day Price - 125,500 rubles. |
When ordering the installation of a septic tank Topas, the price with turnkey installation will be: Topas-5 - 107,000 rubles, Topas-8 - 128,000 rubles, Topas-10 - 155,000 rubles.
"Tank" - reliability lives up to the name
These systems consist of several chambers in which cleaning processes take place. The characteristics that the septic tank has, the reviews of the owners about its practicality indicate the high quality of performance and the reliability of the product. The lineup includes five models:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Tank-1 | Designed for 2-3 people Dimensions - 1.2x1x1.7 m Volume - 1.2 m³ Productivity - up to 600 l / day Price - 20,000 rubles, with an infiltrator and installation - 56,700 rubles. |
 Tank-2 | Provides use of up to 4 people Dimensions - 1.8x1.2x1.9 m Volume - 2 m³ Productivity - up to 800 l / day Price - 29,200 rubles, with an infiltrator and installation - 71,700 rubles. |
 Tank-2.5 | For use by 5 residents Dimensions - 2x1.2x1.95 m Volume -2.5 m³ Productivity - 1000 l / day Price - 33,700 rubles, with an infiltrator and installation - 79,200 rubles. |
 Tank-3 | For a family of 6 members Dimensions - 2.2x1.2x 2 m Volume - 3 m³ Productivity - 1200 l / day Price - 40,400 rubles, with an infiltrator and installation - 88,000 rubles. |
 Tank-4 | For 9 people Dimensions - 3.8x1x1.7 m Volume - 3.6 m³ Productivity 1800 l / day Price - 52,400 rubles, with an infiltrator and installation - 103,000 rubles. |
When ordering a septic tank installation Tank, the price may increase depending on the number of mounted infiltrators (there can be 1, 2 or 3 of them).
"Termit" is a profitable solution at an affordable price
Compiling a review of Termit septic tanks, the owners' reviews are exclusively positive character, noting the non-volatility and economy of the product. The ease of maintenance of the structure is also noted. The lineup includes six modifications designed for a different number of users with different performance. The most popular are:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Termite-1,2 | Number of users - 1-2 people Dimensions - 1.16x1.16x1.55 m Volume - 1.2 cubic meters Productivity - 700 l / day Price - 26,000 rubles. |
 Termit-2 | Number of users - 3-4 people Dimensions - 1.39x1.15x1.99 m Volume - 2 cubes Productivity - 1000 l / day Price - 39,000 rubles. |
 Termit-3 | Number of users - 5-6 people Dimensions - 2.22x1.16x2.05 m Volume - 3cubes Productivity - 1300 l / day Price - 49,000 rubles. |
 Termite-3.5 | Number of users - 6-7 people Dimensions - 2.3x1.15x2.01 m Volume - 3.5 cubic meters Productivity - 1500 l / day Price - 57,000 rubles. |
When ordering a turnkey installation of the Termit septic tank, the price of work will be 18,500, 22,000, 30,000 and 35,000 rubles, respectively.
"Aqua-Bio" - operational parameters and prices
The principle of operation is based on the step-by-step treatment of sewage in several septic chambers. Due to the large internal volume, the Aqua-Bio septic tank is able to accept a significant salvo discharge, as well as for a long time to do without pumping out with sewage equipment. The models are reliable and durable, however, the prices for the product cannot be called budget.
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Aqua-Bio 2000 | For a family of 2 Volume - 2000 liters. Productivity - 0.7m³ / day Cost - 40 thousand rubles. |
 Aqua-Bio 2500 | For a family of 4 Volume - 2500 liters. Productivity - 0.9 m³ / day Cost - 48 thousand rubles. |
 Aqua-Bio 3000 | For a family of 6 members Volume - 3000 liters. Productivity - 1.1 m³ / day Cost - 57 thousand rubles. |
 Aqua-Bio 3600 | For a family of 7 Volume - 3600 liters. Productivity - 1.3 m³ / day Cost - 70 thousand rubles. |
Practical advice! Installation of the Aqua-Bio septic tank is not recommended under conditions when the level of the first ground water carrier is located above the two-meter mark. Or it is necessary to use a special technology with the device of a concrete base and anchoring the reservoir to it.
"Tver" - high-level biological treatment
The design of the septic tank provides for the use of a bioreactor and aeration tanks, which provides a high degree of wastewater treatment. The recycled liquid can be used to water garden crops or drain into a simple ditch or roadside ditch. With proper operation, the liquid should not exude any odors.
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Tver 0.75 | Designed for 3 people Dimensions - 2.25x0.85x1.67 m Volume - 0.75 m³ Productivity - 0.7 m³ / day Price value –70 thousand rubles. |
 Tver 1 P | Designed for 5 people Dimensions - 2.5x1.1x1.67 Volume - 1, 1 m³ Productivity - 1 m³ / day Price value - 100 thousand rubles. |
 Tver 1.5 P | Designed for 8 people Dimensions - 3.5x1.1x1.67 Volume - 1.5 m³ Productivity - 1.5 m³ / day Price value - 130 thousand rubles. |
Choosing a septic tank "Tver", you can buy it at a relatively high price, which is fully justified by the high performance, functionality and unpretentiousness of the product.
Unilos - high technologies, excellent results
The Unilos range offers products of various capacities, among which there are stations with a capacity of up to 30 m³ / day. As for the models intended for a summer residence or a country house, the following designs should be noted:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Unilos Astra-3 | Provides 3 tenants Dimensions 1.12x0.82x2.03 m Electricity consumption - 40 W / h Processing speed - 0.6 m³ / day. Cost - 66 thousand rubles. |
 Unilos Astra-5 | Provides 5 residents Dimensions - 1.12x1.12x2.36 m Electricity consumption - 60 W / h Processing speed - 1 m³ / day. Cost - 79 thousand rubles. |
 Unilos Astra-10 | Provides 8-10 tenants Dimensions - 2.0x1.16x2.36 m Electricity consumption - 100 W / h Processing speed - 2 m³ / day. Cost - 130 thousand rubles. |
The most popular model is the septic tank Yunios Astra-5, the price of which is quite comparable with the price values of similar models from other manufacturers. The use of compressors, aerators and hydraulic pumps in Yunios products makes it possible to purify wastewater up to 95-98%, which allows them to be drained directly to the ground or a reservoir.
"Leader" - multistage sewage treatment
The range of offered products reaches 12 items. For use as a local wastewater treatment system in a country house or a country house, the following models can be considered the most optimal:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Leader-1 | Number of residents - 5 people Compressor power - 40 W / h Productivity - up to 1.2 cubic meters / day Cost - 105 thousand rubles |
 Leader-1.5 | Number of residents - 7 people Compressor power - 60 W / h Productivity - up to 1.8 cubic meters / day Cost - 125 thousand rubles |
 Leader-2 | Number of residents - 9-10 people Compressor power - 80 W / h Productivity - up to 2.4 cubic meters / day Cost - 145 thousand rubles |
When choosing a septic tank Leader, the price for it may seem high, but the performance and practicality of the product can fully justify the costs. The working resource of the structure is designed for many years of operation.
"Triton" - a suburban version of the purification system
In the VOC Triton line, the summer cottage options are modifications "Mini" and "ED", with a volume of 1800 and 2000 liters. These models are tanks, divided into sections, in which a stepwise wastewater treatment takes place. Specifications designs are presented in the table:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Triton-ED-1800 | For 2-3 permanent residents Volume - 1.8 cubic meters The processing speed is 0.6 m³ / day. Price - 30 thousand rubles. |
 Triton-ED-2000 | For 3-4 permanent residents Volume - 2 cubic meters The processing speed is 0.8 m³ / day. Price - 31.5 thousand rubles. |
 Triton mini | For 1-2 permanent residents Volume - 0.75 cubic meters The processing speed is 250 m³ / day. Price - 25 thousand rubles. |
The septic tank Triton Mini is ideal for use on personal plot... Its dimensions and easy installation allow even one person to cope with the installation.
"Ecopan" - a local cleaning system for a personal plot
The brand's products have a double classification: for conditions with low GWL (marking - L) and for use in any conditions (marking - T). Country variants of products are represented by models 2,3 and 5, respectively:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 L-2, T-2 | Assumes 2-3 residents Dimensions - 2.35x1.24x1.44 m Processing speed - 500 l / day. Cost - 62,000, 77,000 rubles |
 L-3, T-3 | Assumes 4 residents Dimensions - 2.5x1.2x1.44 m Processing speed - 750 l / day. Cost - 70,000, 84,000 rubles |
 L-5, T-5 | Assumes 5 residents Dimensions - 2.55x1.44x1.64m Processing speed - 1000 l / day. Cost - 90,000, 107,000 rubles |
The Ecopan septic tank has a wall thickness of L - 8 mm, T - 19 mm. Some models are marked with the letter "D". It informs that the design assumes the presence of an additional chamber for the drainage pump. The cost of such products is slightly higher than those indicated in the table.
"Poplar" - an aerobic model of a sewage treatment plant
The main advantage of VOC Poplar is the presence of many modifications that provide for the processing of domestic wastewater even with a number of people living up to 40 people. With regard to suburban conditions, the following designs can be called the most effective:
| Model | Description |
|---|---|
 Poplar-3 | Number of inhabitants - 3 people Dimensions - 1.12x1.06x2.125 m Processing - 0.65 cubic meters / day. Price value - 76,500 rubles |
 Poplar-5 long PR | Number of inhabitants - 5 people Dimensions -1.1x1.1x2.9 m Processing - 1 cubic meter / day. Price value -109,000 rubles |
 Poplar-8 | Number of inhabitants - 8 people Dimensions -1.1x1.35x2.525 m Processing - 1.5 cubic meters / day. Price value - 99,500 rubles |
Article
When organizing drainage for a cottage, you can connect to the central sewer pipe village or equip an autonomous sewage system. The first option is not always possible and is often too expensive, so many people opt for creating their own system.
Today, septic tanks are the best option for autonomous collection of used liquid.
A septic tank is a local installation that is part of the sewerage system. In fact, this is an improved, well-known, cesspool. Today they exist from the most common storage systems requiring periodic removal to fully functional systems that carry out complete wastewater treatment.
Why is it better to install a septic tank instead of a cesspool at the dacha?
Several main advantages of autonomous wastewater treatment:
- Comparative ease of installation;
- Environmental friendliness;
- Does not require large costs and labor costs for installation and maintenance;
- Guaranteed high level of wastewater treatment;
- Septic tanks can serve for many years, they are reliable and durable;
- There is a possibility of installation in any region with any type of soil;
- A variety of systems allow you to choose the best option, both for small house and for a spacious cottage where many people live;
- You can equip them yourself by choosing the right materials.
The advantages of using them are obvious. In addition, the level of soil contamination is significantly reduced.
Work principles
There are many types of septic tanks on the market, but they all operate using the same technology. These are containers, consisting of several parts, where the process of waste purification takes place, for their further discharge into the canal, soil, or for reuse for other household needs. A certain degree of cleaning takes place in each compartment:
- physical, in the process of which excess garbage is removed;
- settling stage;
- decay of organic waste;
- processing by anaerobic bacteria;
- removal of accumulated gases;
- clarification and filtration process.
All these steps allow to purify wastewater up to almost 98%. If deeper cleaning is required, you will have to resort to additional filtration by means of aeration fields.
Types of septic tanks
Experts share several types according to which septic tanks can be divided. These are the design of the unit, the principle of operation and the material of the tank.
According to the principle of action, the cleaners are divided into:
1. Cumulative
This is a completely non-volatile and the most budgetary type of septic tank that you can design yourself. The system is a reservoir into which all effluents are drained and settled before pumping out.
Advantages of storage systems:
- the relative cheapness of the installation;
- autonomy, independence from electricity;
- minimum maintenance budget;
- suitable for installation in places with increased level groundwater.
Minuses:
- periodic pumping and cleaning is required;
- not intended for large salvo volumes of wastewater;
- emit an unpleasant odor;
- such autonomous sewage systems are best used on land of predominantly sandy composition;
- will require the cost of sewers.
2. Anaerobic with filtration fields
This option allows you to save on pumping wastewater, but it is not cheap. The system consists of a tank, divided into several compartments, where various stages of purification take place until the waste is completely recycled. The outlet water is purified up to 75%, which allows you not to worry about soil contamination. But if there is a need for its further use, then cleaning with anaerobic fields will be required.
Almost all models of anaerobic septic tanks with filtration fields are built using waste-free processing technology - without pumping waste water. They are the most effective and therefore the most expensive. The so-called anaerobic bacteria make it possible to purify wastewater up to 98%. The process itself is fully automated and allows for the processing of large volumes of wastewater.
All filtration systems are divided into:
- factory or handicraft production;
- cumulative or options without pumping;
- non-volatile or autonomous.
What does a septic tank consist of? What materials and how are they built?
For the process of manufacturing a septic tank, the following materials are used:
Plastic
These are light and sturdy containers, easy to install. And they are inexpensive. They have a long service life, which, with proper use, reaches 50 years. There are models both cumulative and with their own processing.
A small mass of plastic septic systems, at the same time, is their disadvantage if a high level of groundwater is found on the site. The container can literally float to the surface, so installation in such areas is not recommended. Or they are additionally fixed in the ground using concreting.
Concrete
It is a durable, reliable storage type that does not corrode and is resistant to environmental influences. The best option when a high level of groundwater is found on the site.
Due to the large weight, special equipment is needed to install concrete septic tanks. However, you can erect such structures yourself - in several stages, gradually pouring concrete to the desired height.
Metal
Metal septic tanks are inexpensive. They are universal tanks, due to their minimal weight, it is possible to install them even with a high level of groundwater.
Of the minuses, they are short-lived, have a short service life. The material is rapidly degraded by corrosion and the activity of anaerobic bacteria.
How to choose the right septic tank for your home? And how much does it cost?
Choosing the right septic tank for a summer cottage or cottage can be quite a daunting task. In the absence of special knowledge, it is better to use the advice of a specialist in order to avoid system failure and other problems in the future.
What you can do yourself is to calculate the required volume. For this, the following formula is applied:
septic tank volume = 200 l (average daily water consumption per person) x 3
It should be noted that the formula does not take into account the additional use of water for various household needs, such as: watering lawns, vegetable gardens, car washing, functioning of the pool, fountains, etc. Therefore, the amount received is multiplied again by 3. For example, when living in a house 3- x person, we get:
3 x 200 x 3 = 1,800 liters per day
As we can see, in this case, for the organization of an autonomous sewage system, it may be sufficient to mount a small septic tank without plunging into the nuances of large sewer systems.
What septic tanks are best suited for houses and summer cottages for permanent residence?
Choosing an autonomous sewerage system for a cottage, where permanent residence of people is planned, we, again, proceed from the number of days and the amount of water consumed by residents.
Practice shows that for a family with an average income, to ensure the sewerage system at home, a 2-3 section storage device in combination with a septic filter will be sufficient. For example, a 3-section system, in which 2 compartments are accumulators, and the third one is equipped without a bottom, with a crushed stone bed or a sand cushion for discharging treated water.
When organizing this type autonomous systems it is important to consider that the pillow is changed every 2-3 years, and the septic tank purifies the water by about 90%.
The best septic tanks for country houses for seasonal living
If residents rarely visit their house or dacha, or even live in it only in the summer season, then there is no need for a complex, high-performance sewage system. In this case, the owners of suburban real estate most often purchase single-chamber, compact drives. Unlike cesspools, they are equipped with crushed stone and sand filters and purify wastewater up to 50%.
If you visit the house more often, experts recommend staying at two-chamber septic tanks equipped with sedimentation and filtration compartments. Typically, such septic tanks are assembled with activated sludge, which contains bacteria and processing waste. The body material is most often made of frost-resistant plastic, and you can install such a system yourself.
What to look for when choosing a septic tank?
Autonomous sewerage systems are selected individually for each specific house. This takes into account:
- Period of continuous use of the house... If tenants rarely live in a cottage, then there is no point in spending the family budget on the use of expensive systems, and the installation itself will be unprofitable. In addition, not all systems are suitable for intermittent use and do not allow for periods of downtime;
- Site size, water table and soil composition... You need to carefully read the operating conditions of septic tanks. The installation of many of them is not possible in an area with a high groundwater level, some do not imply their location in limited areas, and conventional storage tanks are better placed in the presence of sandy soil;
- Performance... The daily volume of wastewater discharge affects the choice of septic tank capacity;
- Budget... It is the most important choice factor. If it is limited to a small amount, then one-chamber or two-chamber installations are recommended, without the use of additional high-tech equipment.
It is important to know that it is better not to skimp on the quality and cost of the septic tank. Since this will directly affect the comfort of residents living in a private house.
Rating of septic tanks for a country house
There are many models of devices and filtration systems on the modern market, the septic tank rating list is formed on the basis of data on the number of sales and the opinion of users. The most popular systems are Ecopan, Breeze, Graf and others.
Ecopan
Biofilter purifier with 6 compartments. The container is made of durable waterproof polymer. Options are available for common soils and areas with elevated water tables.
"Breeze"
Ideal for a house in which up to 3-5 people live permanently throughout the year. The filter tank is made of plastic and is divided into 2 sections: in the first, the drains are settled, and in the second, they undergo bacterial treatment. At the final stage, when it flows into the ground, the waters undergo additional purification.
"Graf"
A line of proposals, where the main reservoir, depending on the intensity and amount of fluid used, is a multi-chamber anaerobic septic tank. After the final stage of treatment, the water is 70% purified, therefore additional purification with the help of drainage fields is required.
"Aster"
High performance septic tank equipped with a compressor. It is selected individually, depending on the number of residents and the daily volume of wastewater.
The device prevents unpleasant odors and is placed in the immediate vicinity of the house. The treated water is suitable for discharge into a ditch.
"Triton-mini"
This septic tank lives up to its name. This is a compact, two-chamber water purification system for 750 liters, suitable for regular use in private houses and summer cottages, where up to 2 people live. Requires pumping out approximately every 3 years.
Output
A properly organized drainage system and an optimally selected septic tank will be the key comfortable life everyone who is used to living in their private house, cottage or summer cottage.
Modern models make it possible to equip a convenient, autonomous, and, most importantly, reliable sewerage system that will work effectively for many years without repairs and additional costs.
In the absence of the possibility of connecting to a centralized sewage main, the owners of country houses have to take care of the arrangement of local waste treatment systems. Help with this without influencing environment, septic tanks can. There are many types of such devices. Therefore, those who decided to install local sewerage at my site, the question arises of choosing.
The main classification of systems for the disposal of sewage from a private house is based on the principle of operation.
- Storage tanks are the simplest option. They are sealed tanks. Sewage enters and accumulates in these containers, which must be pumped out, periodically calling a sewer truck.
- A septic tank with additional treatment carried out in the soil is a fairly simple option for treating wastewater. Such stations are formed by 1 or 2 reservoirs, in which the deposition of large particles and anoxic decomposition of pollutants occurs. The degree of purification in anaerobic devices is not very high; water must not be discharged into the environment. For this reason, it is necessary to equip a stage of soil purification, where the residual contaminants will be retained in the layer of the filter media.
- A feature of biological aerobic treatment stations is an additional stage of wastewater treatment with microorganisms in the presence of oxygen. For this, a compressor is built into the septic tank, forcing air.
Note! It is necessary to choose a place on the site for the placement of septic tanks that carry out aerobic or anaerobic wastewater treatment, taking into account sanitary rules.
There are ready-made versions of various companies on the market, but with certain skills, you can make them yourself, for example, from concrete rings. The material, along with the design and other important parameters, is one of the factors that are considered when choosing a septic tank.
