How to clean a well with a baby pump. Do-it-yourself well cleaning: an overview of common causes of clogging and the best cleaning methods

In general, wells of this type are divided into two types:

1. A well that is equipped with a filter of a smaller diameter in contrast to the main column.
2. A well that has one straight column of equal diameter.

Concerning last option, then such a well has a fairly simple design. Moreover, from the point of view of its operation, it is more practical and more convenient. This is due to the fact that the pump used can be lowered to the very bottom. This will prevent heavy siltation of the well. In general, the cleaning process is simpler. The borehole is a single even pillar, pipes of equal diameter are connected by welding. Such a well will quickly clog if it is rarely used. In case of clogging, a well of this design is cleaned with a vibration pump.

Clogging reasons

A well can be clogged or silted for a variety of reasons.

• One of the common reasons for well siltation is incorrect pipe construction or incorrect location. For example, when the pipe is located directly in the aquifer zone or in a place where water slowly arrives.
• A small volume of pumped water leads to silting of the bottom of the well. But if you use it regularly, then this problem will pass you, at least for a certain period of time. If during the year you have not been able to regularly operate it, then when summer comes, organize its intensive use. For example, run the pump for a long time.
• If you are using a rotary pump, this can also lead to silting. This is due to the fact that it cannot be operated at a depth of more than ten meters. To clean such a well, a deep-well vibrating pump should be used.
• Another common cause of well silting is the presence of a filter with a diameter smaller than the pipe being used. Accordingly, the pump will only go down to a certain water level. This level will always be 20-30 cm higher than the top of the filter.
• The well can also become clogged when using a vibration pump, which, in turn, is equipped with an upper water intake.

Note! The presence of fine and coarse sand does not affect the well operation in any way!

In order to somehow prevent regular silting of the well, a special filter is installed. It can pass both water and fine sand particles. But these particles will only be equal to the diameter of the holes that are in the filter itself. In some cases, the well is equipped with a special filter, which has two pipes with different diameters, but drilled holes. A spiral is wound between these pipes from wire. This design has one drawback, which is that the diameter of the barrel will be larger than the filter itself. Accordingly, the vibration pump will not be able to sink to the very bottom. As a result, the natural well cleaning process is significantly impaired.

Cleaning methods

If you do not want your well to stop working, then from time to time it is recommended to carry out preventive cleaning work. There are a large number of devices for this procedure. For example, it can be a pump, injection pistols and even special vehicles. However, the use of such technologies is expensive. For this reason, you must be prepared to clean the well yourself.

Well cleaning bailer.

Although this method is very labor intensive, a high level of purification can be achieved as a result. Even if your well is heavily polluted, then the use of this technology is able to completely cope with it. By cleaning the well with a bailer, it is possible to remove silt, sand and even large particles from the bottom in a short period of time.

In fact, this is a very simple and at first glance primitive product. You can make the bailer yourself.

Note! The size of the external diameter of the bailer should be at least 20 millimeters less than the narrowest section of the well!

The following material is required for manufacturing:

• The pipe is 600 mm long and Ø 500 mm.
• Metal ball Ø 40 mm.
• The bottom of the pipe should be shaped like a washer.
• The top of the washer should be funnel-shaped.
• The saddle will have a Ø 40 mm.
• Washer bottom flat or reverse funnel.

To prevent the ball from jumping out, it is necessary to weld the washer to the pipe in advance. The wire mesh is fixed in the same way. To secure the cable, a handle is made in the shape of an arc. It is possible to speed up the cleaning process if several fangs are welded to the bottom of the bailer, thanks to which the loosening of the petrified layer or sand will be carried out.

The ball, which is used in the design of the bailer, can be omitted. To make a bailer ball you will need:

• A rubber or plastic ball, the correct size for the bailer.
• Fraction.
• Waterproof glue.

The ball is cut in half and filled with shot (both halves of the ball), which is pre-mixed with waterproof glue. When the mass has frozen, the two halves of the ball are removed from the mold. Next, they need to be sanded. With the help of glue, both halves are connected.

Note! The quality of your ball is directly related to the quality of the waterproof glue. The ball should completely cover the thief hole.

So, when the bailer is made, you can start cleaning the well. To do this, you need to securely fasten the thief with a cable that will lower it to the bottom. Further, the bailer must be slightly raised above the hole of the well and released sharply. Under its own weight, the thief will begin to sink rapidly. In this case, the ball by means of potential energy will remain in place, so that the lower hole will be open. It is into it that mixed water with sand and silt will flow. When the bailer is filled with this liquid, the ball, under its own weight, will drop to its original place and close the hole. Further, the thief should be carefully lifted and freed from the mixture of water, silt and sand. With each such lift, you can remove up to 500 grams of silt and sand from the well, and this does not include water. This volume will be equal to three centimeters of the layer with a borehole diameter of 108 mm. So, you can roughly calculate the volume of extracted sludge, and calculate how long this procedure can be repeated and prevent complete siltation.

This type of bailer is more reminiscent of its original, factory-made. You can make a bailer in another way, while its efficiency will be higher.

Homemade bailer. An effective method!

The bailer will also act as the main rod metal pipe with an inner Ø70 mm and a length of 600 mm. It is important to take into account the weight of the pipe, which will directly depend on the thickness of its walls. The weight must be sufficient so that you can manually lift the thief full of silt and sand.

So, on top of the pipe, you need to tie or weld a handle made of thick wire. At the bottom of the pipe, drill two holes for the bolt. Their diameter should be 8 mm. 1 cm should be retreated from the edge of the pipe. The presence of this bolt will allow you to assemble the thief as such.

In the device of such a bailer, a valve will play a key role, which can also be made with your own hands. To do this, you need the usual plastic bottle with a capacity of two liters. The valve must be elliptical. The smaller diameter will equal the diameter of the pipe inside. In our case, this is 70 millimeters. Most of the valve should be 20 mm larger in diameter.

Note! The effectiveness of a homemade bailer will only be high if the valve element is executed correctly!

Using soft wire, screw this valve to the bolts. The valve is pre-drilled with four holes. If these fasteners are loose, the bolt can be pulled out of the wire fastener, and when the thief is reassembled, they can be reinserted.

During installation, the valve needs to be bent moderately in order to push it into the middle of the pipe. The bolts are then inserted through the pre-fabricated wire rings. At the very end, they must be secured and tightened with a nut.

How will it work? At the moment of its immersion under water pressure, the side valves are compressed. During the withdrawal process, due to the elasticity of the material used, the valve will regain its shape and close the pipe. The result will be to extract water and silt to the surface.

As mentioned above, this design is much more efficient. This is mainly due to the fact that up to three liters of liquid can be removed in one pass. However, this directly depends on the diameter and length of the pipe.

Using a vibration pump

To improve the performance of cleaning the well, another method can be used, which is to use a vibration pump. Thanks to its application, the work process will be less laborious and will take less time. It is possible to clean a well with a vibration pump even when its wellbore is narrowed enough.

For example, you can use the "Kid" pump. It will do an excellent job of removing sludge. Immediately at the beginning of work, a hose is securely attached to the pump housing. Care must be taken to prevent the hose from slipping. To do this, a PVC tube is simply inserted into the middle of the hose. An additional weight should be attached to the lower part of the hose, which will not allow it to float to the surface.

When everything is ready, the pump sinks to the bottom. It must be turned on only at a distance of 100 millimeters from the bottom.

Note! According to the experiments, this cleaning method is several times more effective than using a bailer.

Upon completion of pumping out in the pump, it will be necessary to replace the consumable - the rubber piston. This method for cleaning a well from silt and sand is very simple. So you can clean wells of any degree of contamination in a short period of time. The only drawback of this method is that you cannot pick up large particles from the bottom of the well.

Well cleaning technology with two pumps

Using two pumps to clean the well represents even more simple technology... Another self-priming pump can be added to the existing deep-well pump. Typically, this pump will supply water. It is worth noting immediately the fact that the cleaning process will take a little longer. This is due to the fact that the feeding of the water will not take place so quickly. But on the other hand, the vibration pump will not be able to silt quickly.

1. The first step is to install a 200 liter container near the well. A barrel can act as a container.
2. A bucket with a bottom is attached to this barrel as a "colander".
3. One end of the hose is lowered to the bottom of the bucket, and the other to the bottom of the well.
4. After that, a second vibration pump is lowered into the well.
5. This pump is fixed at a distance of 250 mm from the bottom of the well, after which a hose is launched into it.
6. The first pump will lift the sludge layer.
7. In parallel with it, the second will remove agitated water from the well.
8. If too cloudy water is noticed, then it is better to temporarily raise the hose coming from the pump with water supply. In this way, damage to the pump can be prevented.
9. If this is not done, the hose may become clogged. Don't rush to pump out water!

Note! Before starting pumping, the barrel or other prepared container must be filled with water without fail.

In general, the cleaning process can take two or three hours. The duration will depend on the degree of clogging of the well.

The easiest cleaning method

If you are unable to make a bailer or use two pumps, but you have a vibratory pump, use the following technology. It is worth making a reservation right away that this procedure is very time consuming.

So, you need to purchase a reliable cable. A pin from the reinforcement is tied to it. You can, for example, make a trident shape. This structure will be required in order to loosen the silt layer at the bottom of the well. This can be done very simply. For example, sharply lowering and raising the cable. This will shake the water. At this moment, lower the pump into the well and pump out the water until clean water flows. To clean the well well, the entire procedure should be repeated several times. It is more convenient when the cable and the pump can be simultaneously in the well, then you do not have to make unnecessary movements to remove the pump and cable. This is a very simple, primitive well cleaning method.

Video

Self-cleaning methods:

In cases where centralized water supply is not available, a water well is an excellent alternative. This is a constantly available source of water, both for irrigation of the site and for domestic needs. However, sometimes the well can clog up and stop working.

The reason for this may be the initially incorrect installation of the equipment, so only overhaul wells. But, much more often this happens due to a simple blockage caused by rare use. Some, in such cases, call specialists, but their services are expensive. However, it is quite possible to cope with the blockage with your own hands, especially since it does not require special skills.

One of the most common causes of clogging is irregular well use. This is especially true for those who use this source of water only in spring and summer, and live in the city during the autumn and winter months. During downtime, sediment from rust particles, silt and sand accumulates at the bottom, which clogs the filters.

The second most frequent cause is external pollution. Debris gets into the wellhead, edges crumble and other factors.

In third place are two possible reasons clogging. One of them is a filter smaller than the pipe size. In this case, the pump cannot be lowered to the required level and the filter gradually clogs. A similar situation can be observed when using rotary pumps, which can supply water from a depth of no more than eight meters.

Well cleaning options

There are several main ways to clean up a well, each with its own pros and cons.

• Using a conventional vibration pump is the most in a simple way, but can lead to premature wear of the device. This is due to sand particles, which can significantly reduce the life of the piston and check valve.
• Cleaning the well with a bailer is the most time consuming method, but guarantees good results.
• Swing Cleaning - Requires two pumps, so this is the most costly method.
• Using an airlift - the method consists in cleaning the barrel with compressed air.

Cleaning and disinfection with acids

It's believed that the best way water well cleaning - using chemical reagents. The most popular are various acids, such as hydrochloric acid solution.

However, self-cleaning with such substances is not an easy task. The fact is that without special training, such actions can damage the equipment, as well as harm your health. Also, an important role is played by the fact that to get enough desired acid- not the easiest thing. Therefore, flushing chemical means- the lot of professionals. The methods presented below are no less effective, but they do not require special skills.

Well cleaning with a pump with a bottom intake

This method, which is known as swinging wells, is usually applied immediately after drilling is completed. However, it is also well suited for subsequent cleaning.

If you have a drain or faecal pump, the well cleaning process is greatly simplified. These devices are especially good in that they can pass fractions up to three centimeters long through themselves. For cleaning you will need:

• Pump.
• Discharge hose.
• Cable.

A small metal rod or bracket that is securely attached to the bottom of the device will be a good help - they will break down dense layers of dirt.

You should proceed in this order:

• The pump, fixed on a cable (preferably steel), is lowered until it touches the dirt.
• The pump is connected to the power supply.
• Slightly shake the pump up and down to loosen the sediment.

An indicator that the blockage is clearing up will be the flow of water with mud and sludge supplied by the pump.

If there is no apparatus with a lower fence, and the well is shallow, you can get by with an ordinary vibration pump, such as "baby", to which the pump is connected.

In this case, it is to the pump that the improvised "baking powder" will be attached.

The procedure is the same as above. It is worth noting that the device must be constantly in water so as not to overheat.

It is also very important not to let go of the cable and monitor its tension. There are frequent cases when the sand accumulated at the bottom of the trunk turns into quicksand. As a result, the surprised owner discovers that the pump is stuck in the well.

Well flushing with two pumps

Well cleaning with two tools is quite costly, but it is highly efficient. In addition, it works by flushing out sand and silt particles. You will need:

• A barrel for water, a volume of at least two hundred liters.
• A bucket with small holes drilled in it.
• Submersible and centrifugal pumps.
• Two hoses.
• A couple of pieces of rebar.
• Clamps.
• Cable.

The procedure is as follows:

1. The submersible pump is lowered down and fixed at a height of about fifty centimeters above the blockage.
2. The discharge hose is lowered into the barrel, after which it is filled with water to the very top.
3. A bucket with holes is installed in the barrel, and a centrifugal pump is already in it.
4. Pins from fittings are installed on the discharge hose of the centrifugal pump using clamps. It is necessary that they protrude from the edge of the hose by ten to twenty centimeters. After that, the hose, with an improvised baking powder, is lowered to the bottom.
5. Both devices must be turned on, and the hose with fittings must be wiggled up and down. In this case, the blockage will be cleared due to the pressure of water and mechanical destruction of the formed plug.

It is worth monitoring the water level in the barrel, for which periodically turn off or turn on one of the pumps.

Using the airlift for flushing

This method of removing the blockage consists in using the so-called "airlift", from the English "air lift", that is, "raising the air." It works due to the fact that water, with the help of air, begins to flow upward, and this draws in sand and silt from the bottom.

For such cleaning you will need:

• Air compressor at twelve atmospheres.
• Water in large quantities to create the necessary pressure.
• Metal pipe, six centimeters in diameter and one meter long. In it, at a distance of 25 centimeters from one edge, an outlet for the duct is installed.
• Air hose.
• Water hose.

The principle of operation of the airlift: water flows upward with the help of air, drawing sand and silt with it.

The procedure is as follows:

1. The air hose is attached to the compressor and to the branch.
2. The second hose is attached to the opposite end of the pipe.
3. This structure descends into the lower part of the trunk, plunging several centimeters into the silt. It is very important that the duct end points downwards and not upwards.
4. The second hose is led out.
5. After that, the well should be filled with water and maintained at its level so that the required pressure is created.

After turning on the compressor, water circulation will be ensured, which will wash away the silt and sand. As a result, the dirt will be removed to the outside.

Removing a blockage with a thief

Cleaning the wells in this way is one of the simplest, you only need a bailer and a steel cable. However, it requires significant physical effort - it is manual labor.

A bailer is a special tool designed specifically for cleaning and can be easily purchased. Although, if desired, it can be made by hand, since there are many variations of this device.

Cleaning with a thief requires considerable physical effort. This is manual monotonous work.

Below is one of the most entertaining and enduring examples:

1. You need to take a piece of pipe sixty centimeters long.
2. A disc is welded inside the pipe, not far from its end, in which there should be a hole with a diameter half as large as the diameter of the pipe itself.
3. At this end of the pipe, teeth are cut, which will break the blockage.
4. A metal ball with a diameter of three quarters of the pipe diameter is laid in the pipe.
5. A metal mesh is welded onto the pipe from above.
6. A handle is installed to which the cable will be attached.

After that, the bailer is fixed on the cable and lowered into the wellbore. Then comes the time of monotonous work - you need to lift and throw down the thief, periodically pulling it up and cleaning it from the dirt accumulated inside.

Cleaning takes place due to the fact that when descending, the metal ball will descend a little more slowly. Thus, dirt, along with water, will have time to penetrate into the pipe before the ball closes the hole.

Prices for work and materials

Consider the approximate cost of the materials that we need. In almost all cases, you will need a metal cable, which costs about two thousand rubles per coil:

• A drainage pump with a lower water intake costs about sixteen thousand rubles.
• A centrifugal pump costs about seven thousand rubles, and vibrating in the area two thousand... A barrel for water will cost from six hundred to a thousand rubles.
• The compressor will cost no more than six thousand rubles... The pipe will cost 200-300 rubles.
• A ready-made bailer is in the range from ten to twenty thousand rubles. Hand made, if you have tools, it will cost three thousand rubles... Or, only at the price of electricity, since there are manufacturing methods that only require a drill. Pipes, if desired, can be found and old, if only they are strong enough.

conclusions

All these methods are quite simple and do not require a lot of money - almost always the necessary tools are at hand. Moreover, it will cost much less, not to mention the time that will have to be spent waiting for the repairmen.

It is almost always possible to deal with the blockage on your own and you do not need to call specialists for this. However, you need to be careful, because well repair is expensive.

Situation.
The well is 15 years old, depth 45 meters, water with iron, water column 6 meters.
Over the past 5 years, there has been a gradual decrease in production and a decrease in depth from about 1 meter or more.
It is clear that it is time to clean.
At first I tried to baile with a manual bailer - a pipe with a valve, weight 10 kg.
The bailer picks up very little sediment, a couple of glasses.
Hard and very slow.
I don't want to beat with a heavy powerful bailer, I'm afraid to break through the bottom, the water will go away.
Result:
- The well has recovered in depth and flow rate to the same level as I began to operate it about 8 years ago.
- About 3 buckets of pollution (sand, small stones, rust in nodules) were extracted from the well.
- In addition, for about 8 hours he pumped out mud and dirty water with his own pump after cleaning, installed in its place.
- Cleaned homemade device, made on the idea of ​​the Internet, on the principle of a cyclone.

The idea is this:
The cleaning method was prompted by a picture from this article:
http://usadba-kirov.ru/infrastruktur...skvazhinu.html

Since the "baby" cannot pump water with sand (although everyone does this, but it ends up being overheated or completely worn out of the valves, they are rubber), then you need to separate the water from the sand, do not pump this water to the top, but run in a circle in a well for loosening.
For example, the dirt that I had in the well cannot be raised by any vibrator, there is a lot of it and it is very heavy.

Based on this idea, I made my own structure out of iron - for real.
This is a 1.5 meter pipe, in which a vibration pump and a tank for collecting dirt according to the "cyclone" principle are installed.

This structure is lowered into the well, the pump is turned on and collects dirt from the bottom of the well into the container. It takes 15 minutes.
After that, we raise - shake out the dirt and lower it again.
My construction collects about 3 - 5 liters of dirt.
Moreover, it collects large stones and even dissolved silt - a cyclone is a great idea, it separates even the smallest particles of dirt.

What's bad is the severity of the structure. But the attempt to do all this out of plastic did not work out. The installation should sit well on the bottom under its own weight. Loosening occurs by the installation itself, since the vibrator transmits vibration to the pipe and besides, I welded three legs for loosening and stability at the bottom.
The result is a water vacuum cleaner.

Why is it better than a bailer?
The main thing is that there is no need to hit, throw, injure filters, casing and water-support layer.
Lowered - waited 15 minutes - raised - shook out the dirt. It's simple.
This method picks up dirt in one lift much more than a manual thief.
Lifts everything from stones to dissolved silt. At the end, when the coarse dirt was lifted, the installation came full of a slurry of dissolved fine dirt.
Below is a picture of the idea and my solution in hardware:

It can no longer function in the same mode, then do not panic. After all, there are no “eternal” sources of water supply, and it is possible that mechanical clogging of the well has occurred. In this article, we will tell you how to cope with this problem on your own, without the involvement of specialists. Cleaning a well from silt and sand is not as complicated as it might seem at first glance. And if you arm yourself with our instructions, then there will be no problems at all!

How to avoid well clogging? Important points

So, we found out that sooner or later all well owners have problems. Of course, if the aquifer dries up, then it will be necessary to deepen the development or drill a new well, which can hardly be considered an easy and cheap procedure.

It is quite another matter if the well is clogged - this can even be avoided if it is operated according to all the rules. How to extend the service life of the water source on the site?

Table. Well operation rules.

The rule	Short description
	Make sure that the casing is tight and the filter is intact.
	Ideally, several tens / hundreds of liters should be pumped out every day, and this is not a problem if people live in the house all the time. Otherwise, try to pump out at least a hundred liters every two months.
	When finished drilling, immediately flush the source until clear water appears.
It is better to refuse a vibration pump.	The fact is that such a pump, vibrating, will contribute to siltation of the soil or the ingress of sand into the well (to a greater / lesser extent). It is better to use a centrifugal pump for this purpose.
	Install a head, a caisson for this. Alternatively (but only temporarily), seal the top of the casing.
	Do this even before operating the well, taking into account the water flow rate, and set the device at the desired height.

Note! If you follow all these recommendations, you will still not be able to prevent well clogging. But you can postpone the problem, achieve the maximum resource of effective use.

Why can the well be clogged?

To understand the root cause of the problem and choose the correct cleaning method, you need to familiarize yourself with the types of blockages.

The first reason. Sand hit the casing

This is a common problem in shallow sand wells with an aquifer in the sand and gravel layer. If the well is properly equipped, the sand will enter the casing in minimal volumes.

With a decrease in well productivity and the presence of grains of sand in the water, the problem may be:

• ingress of sand from the surface (due to leaks in the caisson, head);
• broken tightness between casing elements;
• incorrectly selected (with too large cells);
• violation of the integrity of the filter.

It is impossible to eliminate leaks inside the well. Fine sand, constantly penetrating through the filter, is easily removed (especially since it is partially washed out during lifting). But when coarse sand gets in, everything is somewhat more complicated, the well over time can simply "float". That is why special care should be taken when choosing a filter and installing casing elements.

The second reason. Unused well is silted up

Over time, particles of rocks, rust, clay, and calcium deposits accumulate in the ground near the filter. With an excessive amount of them, the filter cells and pores in the aquifer become clogged, and therefore it will be more difficult for water to get into. The flow rate of the source decreases, it silts up to the point of complete loss of water. If the well is used regularly, then this process slows down and can take decades, and if not, then silting may take one to two years.

In the case of timely cleaning of the well from silt (that is, before the water disappears completely), the source is likely to acquire a "second life". Water supply will be maintained in sufficient volumes for the residents of the building.

How to clean the well yourself. Available methods

There are three basic principles that can be used - pumping, flushing with circulating water, blowing with compressed air. As for the methods, there are several more of them.

Method number 1. Pumping with a vibration pump

Simple, but not always effective method... good for cleaning, while not recommended for regular use. Plus, the vibrator is undemanding to water - it easily copes with sand and even small stones. Sure, check valve because of this, it may fail, but it costs a penny and changes in just a few minutes.

Note! The cost of such a pump is several times lower than that of a circulation pump, and even with its complete failure, the financial damage will be insignificant.

Dismantling the vibration pump

For well cleaning, such models as "Malysh", "Trickle" are suitable. Such cleaning will not cope with serious silting, but from a large number sand will help to get rid of it. But only if the well is shallow - if the lift is more than 30-50 m, the productivity will noticeably decrease. Also remember that only a pump with a bottom water intake will work.

During operation, the pump must be switched off regularly for about 15 minutes; continuous operation should not last more than half an hour. Note that such a method, despite its simplicity and minimum human participation, is not always effective and will cost some money.

Master Class. How to clean a well with a vibration pump

Step 1. A vibrating pump with a bottom water intake is being prepared. In our example, the device is being modified a little.

Step 2. The extreme nut is twisted at the tip of the pump, after which a metal bracket about 15 cm long is installed on the center. It is well attracted by the nut so that it does not jump down. Thanks to this design, the sludge at the bottom of the well will be better shaken.

Step 3. A hose and cord are also connected to the pump (through the second, the pump will go down and rise).

Step 4. The pump with the hose is slowly lowered to the bottom of the well. It must be lowered to its full depth, before contact with contamination.

Note! A certain amount of water must be present in the well. If not, pour on top.

Step 5. When everything is ready, the pump turns on and light swaying movements up and down begin to be performed. The device should be located near the very bottom of the well; the bracket, screwed in at the beginning, agitates the sludge. The pump picks up the dirt and throws it out.

Step 6. The sludge is constantly shaken up by means of a pump. The process can be delayed, which will indicate large deposits in the well, but the result is worth it.

The pump is periodically pulled out, its inlets are inspected. They are cleaned if required.

Step 7. During the day of work in our example, we managed to extract several buckets of rust, sand and other contaminants.

Method number 2. Surface water supply

To remove haze, rust and fine sand, you can perform a pump flush from the surface. It is desirable to organize the process in a closed cycle, otherwise the site can be turned into a swamp. You should not use water from an open reservoir, therefore you need to prepare containers, the total volume of which is equal to the full volume of the casing.

The liquid will circulate between the tank and the well thanks to the pump. Dirt will settle at the bottom of the container, so it will have to be removed periodically. The pump must be powerful. If you want, add chemical reagents to the liquid - for example, phosphoric acid, which will dissolve calcium deposits and rust. Remember to quench the acid with baking soda; moreover, after its use, the well must be pumped for at least another six hours.

Instead of a head, a nozzle is installed at the source mouth, which will direct the flushing back to the container. The cycle, by the way, may not be closed - water can be pumped from the water supply system of the neighbors.

Downward, the water is supplied by a hose, its length should be enough for it to lie directly on the bottom. This method allows you to effectively clean the filter.

Method number 3. Using two pumps

If the well depth is more than 50 m, then it is problematic to clean it using the previous two methods. However, if you use two pumps at the same time, you can significantly increase the efficiency of the flushing. In this case, deep and surface aggregates will be required. The first will pump out water with impurities to the surface, and the second, located on top, will supply the flushing liquid to the bottom.

You can remove impurities using the pump that is in the well - you do not need to remove it or lower it below the suspension point. It is only necessary to pass the supply hose in the casing about to lower it to the very bottom. And remember: if there are small stones and sand in the water, then the pump will be subject to increased wear.

Method number 4. Using the bailer

This method, which involves the use of a thief, is effective when you need to remove a lot of pebbles, sand or fine compacted sediments. But if the filter or the soil next to it needs to be cleaned of silt, the method will be almost useless.

Who does not know, the bailer is steel pipe 1-1.5 m long, on one side of which there is an eyelet lever for a cable, and on the other - a valve. Extremely simple construction, if you wish, you can make a bailer with your own hands.

A massive steel ball acts as a valve, which is held by a fixed on threaded connection washers.

Water must be completely pumped out of the casing, after which the thief drops sharply to the very bottom. If it hits the sand, the valve will open and some dirt will get inside. Then the bailer rises, is cleaned of sand, after which the procedure is repeated more than once. It is advisable to wield the projectile together, it is more convenient to lower / raise it using a tripod with a winch or a block.

Note! The bailer can be made with your own hands, purchased or rented. You need to work with it carefully, especially near the filter (there is a risk of damage to the fine mesh).

To remove the last few centimeters of dirt, it is worth using a different method that does not affect the impact.

In order for the house to have clean water, it is necessary to carry out preventive maintenance of the well. The symptoms of fluid contamination are a clear decrease in flow rate, odor and unpleasant taste.

A sign of clogging is the presence of sand and dirt microparticles in the composition. A natural question arises of cleaning wells.

When a cloudy liquid appears and its drinking quality deteriorates, urgent cleaning and flushing of the well is necessary. First of all, you should determine the reasons for this process.

Natural factors:

• silt formed at the bottom;
• a nearby body of water;
• the proximity of peat bogs.

Artificial include:

• contamination of the surrounding area;
• long service life;
• corrosion of pipes and breakdown of pumping equipment.

Only after studying the causes of contamination, they start cleaning. The main problem is the silting of the bottom due to the wrong device of the source, which is only discovered during operation.

Initially, the correctness of the connection of structural elements, their tightness, and the location of pumping equipment are checked. At the bottom of the mine, the correct installation of the bottom and mechanical filters and their compliance with the pipe dimensions are examined. If they are installed incorrectly, sand impurities can get into the water used, which makes it necessary to clean the well.

Determine the causes of pollution and the type of source. The most common are its sandy types, drilled to a depth of 10 meters. The water in them is purified naturally - by means of fine gravel and sand at the bottom. This type of mines silts up rather quickly. A sand mule accumulates at the bottom, which becomes dense and does not allow liquid to pass to the surface.

In the well on the sand, seasonal changes in the water level and its composition take place. Microorganisms enter the well from the surface, which lead to bacterial contamination. In this case, a laboratory study of the quality of the liquid is carried out. It may look normal and harbor dangerous microorganisms.

Artesians reach the limestone aquifers. They are located at a depth of more than 50 meters, where viruses and harmful bacteria cannot exist. The products of human activity pollution (chemical, industrial waste, etc.) do not penetrate to such a depth.

If a mine is sealed and water from the upper aquifers does not enter it, it will not be contaminated. A deep pump is installed at the bottom to prevent the formation of silt. Cleaning artesian springs is extremely rare for the following reasons:

• improper plugging;
• the use of rotary pumps and their shallow immersion. They do not reach the bottom and cannot prevent the formation of silt there;
• different diameters of pipes and filter, leading to clogging. This is the reason for the decrease in the volume of water;
• stagnation of liquid due to its insufficient pumping. Small particles of sand and rust settle down.

Regardless of the type of sources, they all become contaminated over time. Some after a few years, others after dozens. Therefore, it is recommended to explore existing options for cleaning a drilled shaft.

How to clean silt and sand with your own hands: methods

The choice of cleaning method is influenced by the depth of the source and the characteristics of the soil around it. The peculiarities of the soil near the mine can lead to a deterioration in water quality. From long-term operation, the source may become unusable. In this case, it is necessary to drill a new well. Contaminates the source and groundwater that fall into the aquifer.

Well cleaning begins with determining the feasibility of carrying out the work. If the causes can be eliminated on their own, for example, due to the collapse of the soil, the simplest method is used.

Compressor

A device with a capacity of 12 atmospheres is used. Pipes are used with a smaller diameter than the mine itself. The order of work is as follows:

1. All elements of the pipeline are connected and installed on the bottom.
2. The upper end of this structure is securely fixed so that it is not pushed to the surface during compressor operation.
3. A vacuum adapter is mounted on the pipe.
4. Pump up the compressor.
5. Air is allowed into the pipe through the hose put on the adapter.
6. Repeat up to 4-5 times.

As a result of these actions, the dirt from the bottom will be squeezed out by the air. It will start to leave through the free space between the installed pipeline and the shaft.

If air purging did not help to clean the source, the procedure is repeated, but with the use of flushing the well with water. The same assembled pipeline with an adapter is used.

A large filled container is placed next to the well. With a water compressor, this water is forced into the shaft under pressure. The jet will push the dirt up, splashing everything around. It should be cleaned until dirt stops coming out of it and goes.

Blowing and flushing helps to clear the mine in the country from silt and sand. Other methods are needed to remove salt deposits from the filters.

Submersible and vibrating pump flushing

This method is neater and cleaner to work with. The pumped-out liquid is drained to a convenient place. As a result, in the yard country house no dirt.

Choose a pump for pumping out dirty, silted liquid with the possibility of sucking in solid microparticles. This unit allows you to remove sand and small stones from the bottom.

Clean up the mine using submersible pump in the following way:

1. They fix it on the surface with a strong cable, since during operation it is sucked into the silt, from which the unit must be pulled out. The cord that comes with the pump does not always cope with this task.
2. The pump is lowered several times to the very bottom, shaking up the sediment.
3. After installing the unit closer to the bottom, it is turned on and the process of pumping out the liquid is controlled.

Further steps depend on the pump model. In the presence of automation, it will turn itself off after pumping out the liquid. Other types must be turned off manually, as the motor may burn out during idle operation.

The submersible pump can be replaced with a vibration pump. The principle of its operation is the same. The only difference is the need to regularly flush the unit and monitor the heating of the case so that it does not burn out. To ensure the pumping process, prepare two large tanks or another container into which the hoses are inserted.

Important: the vibrating pump should be flushed regularly as it is not designed for highly contaminated water. This will eliminate the possibility of clogging and overheating.

Bailer

It is considered the most reliable, but quite time consuming method. It is used with a shallow mine depth and slight clogging, otherwise its use is ineffective.

For example, cleaning a 30-meter well requires an additional winch and the effort of two people.

This product is a piece of pipe with a valve at the lower end and a cable with a mesh at the top. It is made by hand or bought ready-made.

The principle of operation is as follows: the thief attached to the cable is lowered to the bottom, then raised by 0.5 meters and sharply lowered down. Under its heavy weight, it falls into the silt. The bottom valve opens, and sediment from the bottom of the source gets inside.

These actions are done several times, then the bailer is taken to the surface and cleaned of sand. The work is carried out until the bottom is completely cleared of silt.

Cleaning with two pumps

This method is recognized as the most effective. In this way, it is carried out with two pumps: deep and self-priming. To get an excellent result, the main thing is to choose the right types of them. The process itself is slow, but the pump is not clogged with large particles of dirt.

The essence of this method is that a vibrating unit is placed at the bottom, which raises the sediment upward, and a pump working in tandem with it supplies clean water to the mine.

The process of work itself is as follows:

• a large capacity is installed on the surface (up to 200 liters). In parallel, a bucket with a mesh bottom is prepared, which is attached to the top of the tank;
• one end of the hose from the pump is lowered into this small container, and the other, with an attached weight, is immersed inside the source;
• the submersible pump is installed closer to the bottom of the mine, 20-30 cm from the sediment formed there. To do this, it is lowered several times to the limit and raised. Then they are fixed at the desired height.
• first turn on the vibration pump. He will draw water from the source into a prepared large container, which must be filled to the limit.
• pump water from a barrel under pressure is fed into the well, while the lower layer of liquid is mixed with dirt and sediments. The hose supplying water back to the source is immersed in a bucket with a mesh. Therefore, small particles of dirt do not get back.

Gradually, the end of the deep apparatus hose is fed closer to the bottom. The work takes approximately two hours.

Chemical

During operation, a deposit forms on the filter installed on the bottom, which is difficult to remove mechanically. Therefore, chemical methods are used.

For the destruction of sediments that prevent the flow of liquid, food reagents are used that are safe for human health, for example, citric acid. If the blockage is small, you can do the work yourself, otherwise it is better to involve specialists.

For chemical cleaning of wells, in addition to citric acid, other natural and low-toxic acids are also used - sorbic and ascorbic. For these purposes, some stabilizers and preservatives used in Food Industry for example xanthan gum and sodium benzoate.

For serious pollution, more effective acids are also used, which have reducing and neutralizing properties. Such as sodium dithionite and hydrochloric acid... They effectively dissolve ferrous compounds on the filter and shaft walls.

Airlift

The use of airlift is also quite an effective method. Its essence is that compressed air is supplied to the mine under pressure, which raises the sediment from the bottom. It gets into the water and is pushed out.

This method is used to remove sand from the bottom. It does not require additional work on the installation of any devices if it is difficult to get to the source, for example, in a caisson or a pavilion.

An ordinary pipe is placed in the source. An air compressor is used, compressed air is supplied to its lower part, which is in the shaft. As a result, a foam-air mixture is formed in the pipe, and under pressure it is pushed out.

It is necessary to ensure that the bottom of the riser pipe is always on the sand, and there is a sufficient liquid level in the well itself.

Flush with fire hose

The method is used when the well is heavily contaminated, and when a quick result is needed.

With the help of a fire engine, water is supplied through a hose under a strong pressure into the mine. Contamination is removed almost instantly. But there is a threat of damage to filters and other components of the source structure.

Blowing

The principle of application is that air is supplied to the mine under high pressure... This can be done in several ways: air compressors or a specially called fire truck.

As a result of the created pressure in the barrel, water is pushed out, mixed with fine particles of silt and sand. Unlike flushing, flushing does not require a lot of water. It is mainly used for shallow wells reaching 40 meters.

The disadvantage of this method is the threat of damage to the filter, which cannot be replaced with a new one. An uncontrolled release of sand can also occur.

How to choose the best way

Using one of the above options, you can get rid of mine pollution yourself at home. As a result, its flow rate is restored, and water will again flow in the required amount.

Shallow wells are cleaned with a standard vibrator or.

With a considerable depth of the wellbore, it is better to use cleaning with two pumps, the so-called mechanical cleaning.

The most fast way is cleaning with a fire hose. But it is also the most expensive, and it can also damage the filter and barrel.

Outcomes

If in your country house the main source of drinking water is a well, keep an eye on the purity of the liquid in it and try to regularly clean it in a way available to you. Preventive work should be carried out regularly, and if the water pressure has decreased significantly, start cleaning yourself, or by calling a specialist.