Using walnut seedlings. How to plant walnuts from walnut in autumn how to put a walnut of walnut

Beneficial features Walnuts are known to people for many centuries. They are used in cooking, medicine, cosmetology. From one adult walnut tree, you can collect from 50 to 100 kg of fruits per season.

Such a plant can be placed on the site as an ornament. This uses either fruits or young walnut seedlings. And if everything is clear with the first item, then far from everyone knows how to put a walnut seedlock.

1 benefits of planting walnut seedlings

These plants stall tolerate any climate change and easily adapt to any conditions. The planted tree is quickly accepted, but here it will grow, depends in many respects from how to plant a nut and how to care for it in the initial period of vegetation.

Landing nuts are made either by fruits or seedlings. Each method has a number of advantages.

The main advantages of landing with the help of the fetus is that already knowingly known what kind of grade sits. In addition, this method is very economical, because to plant a nut enough just to ripped the fruit from the nearest tree. With regard to the shortcomings of this method, they can be attributed to them that the fruit will not be accepted. After all, it is not all newcomers of gardeners may find the right source material.

When landing seedlings, the risk of getting the wrong grade that was planned much higher. Especially if you buy young trees from unverified distributors. In addition, this method will cost more. But, the advantage of the method is a higher percentage of suggestion. The tree is already formed, which means it is easier to adapt to new conditions. When complying with the landing rules, such a nut will bring a much greater harvest. In addition, it will have to wait for the crop much less than when planting fruits.

1.1 How to choose a seedlock?

2 How to plant walnut from seedlings?

To put a seedling of walnut, the occupation is quite simple, but still, certain moments should be observed. Walnut does not like closer, and does not tolerate groundwaterwhich proceed close to the surface. The minimum distance between seedlings should be 5 meters. The exception may be landing on the slope canopy. In this case, the distance can be reduced by the meter.

It also takes care of favorable soil in advance. If there is a soil quality soil at the site of seedlings, it needs to be replaced with a fertile pain. An acceptable option is also the introduction of fertilizers in the already existing primer. Earth feels as follows:

• pummage of a hole in a depth of 80 cm.
• all soil, which was extracted spreads thin ball.
• up to the top of the manure mixed with ashes (proportions 1 to 10);
• if there is, you can dilute all this with phosphates;
• the resulting mass is thoroughly mixed;
• i fall asleep all back to the pit.

At the same time, it is not necessary to severely seal the soil. Such bait is carried out not only at the beginning, but every year. Feats upper layer Soil on the width of the crown of a tree.

Further, we can already directly seedlings of walnut. In the prepared ground, we make a remission with dimensions 40 by 40 cm. Earth is selected from it, and the bottom is covered with a dense film. The trees of this breed are distinguished by the horizontal development of the roots, as it was originally grew in mountain conditions. This type of root system development will be stimulated with a film that impede growth down.

After, not in a hurry, we settle down the lower roots of the seedling along the bottom of the deepening, then we neatly sprinkle it with a layer of soil. The roots are lined up on the next ball, and fall asleep the earth again. So continues until the top. The upper roots must be at a depth of no more than 7 cm.

2.1 Planting Walnut: Master Class from Professional (Video)

2.2 Vaccination Sedenty

Growing walnuts necessarily implies the vaccination of seedlings. It is done in order to preserve the features of the selected variety. Begins vaccination from the preparation of seedlings. The village that will be vaccinated must reach the age of 2 years. After that, in December, it is transplanted into the flower vase and is entered into the house. Here it grows about 2 months to adapt to favorable conditions. In Fvravell, you can begin vaccination.

It uses a cutlery from a maternal tree, whose age is no more than a year. Such a cutlets are preferably still from late autumn. Then the vaccination itself goes. It is carried out as well as with any other fruit trees. After the vaccination, the graft sapling is stored at a temperature of 25 degrees until May. During this period, the seedling can already be born in open sad.

This method of propagation of the nut allows you to accelerate the deadlines for the emergence of the harvest for 1-2 years.

2.3 Care for young trees

Walnut practically does not require care, but still supporting a young seedling stands. For this it needs to be regularly water. Watering is carried out in particularly dry periods with regular 2 times a month. The amount of water is calculated based on the crown area. For each meter of the square leaves 3 buckets of water.

Fucking nuts is carried out 2 times a year. Cutting branches is not carried out at all. Unnecessary branches The tree drops independently. You can remove extra branches in the middle of summer.

Walnut is an excellent source of beauty, health and good mood. It is also called the "Life Tree", because it contains a significant amount of vitamins (E, A, R, C, B), and trace elements (sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, iodine, iron, phosphorus) and biologically active substances.

There are many recipes using walnut both in medicine, folk and official.

To independently grow such a miracle, the tree will need knowledge and some patience.

Now you will learn how to grow walnut.

How to select a landing material correctly

The material for planting walnuts can serve as seeds, this is the fruits of the tree, and you can buy seedlings.

We take walnuts on seeds

Fruits for landing need to select the highest quality. They must be without any damage, smooth shape and large size. Selected nuts need to be stored in a dry and cool place.

3-3.5 months before landing the nuts need to be placed in a container with wet sand and put into the room, where the temperature will be no more than 7 degrees, the basement or cellar will be for this an ideal place. It is necessary to observe the sand that the sand does not drive, but was constantly wet.

Another option for landing - seedlings

Choosing walnut seedlings need to pay attention to the bark of the tree and its roots. If the bark is dry, and the roots are bumping, it is the first sign of the disease or the presence of pests. Powerful root system - Sign of a healthy seedling. To be sure that the tree is well attached and in the future will give an abundant harvest, to buy seedlings it is better to turn to professional breeders. Experts correctly form a hoax that will protect the growth zone and suction.

Evalnal to have a choice of place

It is very serious to choose a place for planting a walnut very seriously, in principle, as for any other fruit tree.

What features need to take into account

Walnut - is a mountain plant. With good solar lighting, he grows beautiful, spreading crown, so the walnut is cramped. If you are going to perplex several trees, then the distance between them should be done at least five meters. An exception is the oblique area. The slope of the site can be from 3-6 degrees and reach 18-20 degrees, subject to the horizontal placement of seedlings.

What soil is fits

The best option for landing will be wet loam (soil with not large quantity Sand and with sufficient clay content).

Go to the preparation of the place

Before planting seedlings of walnut in the ground, a number of preparatory work should be carried out so that in the future the garden gave a good harvest. Plot should be cleared, i.e. Remove all plants from it, and align.

Pit and its size

The pit should be swollen on the day of the planting a seedling, to preserve the maximum amount of moisture in it, since it is impossible to pour water into the pit itself. The pit is digging in size 60x60cm.

Do not forget to make fertilizers

If on the site that is prepared for the landing of walnut, the fertile layer was small, then the soil should be well. To do this, mix the manure, ash and superphosphate (2 glasses of ash on the bucket of manure mixed with superphosphate). In the pit itself, there is a deepening, about 80 cm depth, and the finished fertilizer is made.

Preparation ended, now the main thing: landing

Before boarding the walnut seedlings, you need to prepare: if there are damaged roots, they should be cut carefully. During the landing, it is necessary to gently straighten the side roots in a horizontal position. Popping the earth, start from the lower roots and smoothly climb up. The most upper roots should be not deep from the surface of the soil, at a depth of about 6-7cm.

What time do you get better

The planting of walnut seedlings can be made autumn sometimes, no later than a month before the start of the first frosts, and in the spring. More favorable time, after all - spring. Since winter frosts and winds can adversely affect young seedlings.

Optimal depth for a seedling

The depth of the pit for planting a walnut seedling directly depends on the size of its root system. The minimum depth must be 70cm. But, mandatory condition For a favorable growth of the tree, is that the depth of the pit is obliged to be 30-40cm. More than the length of the root system.

Do not forget to water

After planting a walnut, the land around the seedling is slightly tamped, and there are a small deepening around the pit around the pit.

From antiquity and to this day, walnuts call "a tree of life." Due to the unique composition, rich in vitamins, micro- and macroelements and other useful substances, the fruits of nut are used in the treatment of many diseases, restore the loss of forces, quench the hunger. To saturate the body, several nuts per day are enough useful elements.

Rules for the purchase of walnut seedlings

Growing walnut begins with right choice planting material. Walnut has one interesting feature: The plant first gives all the forces on the development of the root system, then the extension and development of the trunk and the green mass. Therefore, seedlings capable of rooting and give offspring in the future are not developed shoots with leaves, but a powerful root system. A seedling with leaves, on the contrary, may not fit, besides, when landing, the seedlings are cut to the power to go exclusively to rooting.

A healthy sapling should be strong, with developed roots (root system in a rod nut). It should be meticulously inspecting the bore of the plant, it should not be any mechanical and other damage.

Important! If a walnut seedling has too dry bark, faded and soft roots, it should be abandoned from its purchase - the plant has a patient.

The optimal choice of seedling is to contact the nursery, there you can choose a quality healthy planting material. And then, in the nursery you will be reported, seed origin in the plant or it is graft. From a graft seedling, if he is also a pod, the harvest can be obtained on the third year, and from the seed for the tenth, not earlier.

Choosing a place to land walnut

Walnut loves bright solar lighting, when the crown's light is turned out to be spawned, thick. Walnut is a powerful plant, the height of the tree is up to 25 meters, and the diameter of the trunk often reaches seven meters. The tree can grow on a small slope, at 18 degrees of the slope.

It is undesirable to plant a nut on dense, poorly aerated and swampy soils. The soil for walnut walnut is recommended with uniform sand and clay content, the location of groundwater is contraindicated to the surface.

As already mentioned, the nut grows with a high and empty tree, when landing should be considered that he will close the light growing near the plants. If this happened, these plants should be transplanted to another place.
Where to plant a walnut on the site - the best place for the nut will be protected from the wind south or south-west side of the site. Selecting a piece for nuts, do not put it near the house or household buildings, the roots of the plant, growing, can damage the foundation of the building. Do not plan close to the fence.

Did you know? Preserved Mention of Pension on Nuts. In them, he writes that the plant fell into Greece from the Gardens of the Persian Tsar Keera, then trade expeditions from Greece to Rome, and from there in the territory of modern France, Switzerland, Bulgaria and Germany. In America, the nut got only in the XIX century.

Preparatory work before landing

Walnut will not require much attention when growing and leaving themselves, if you carefully prepare seedlings and landing space. A landing place must be cleaned of plant residues, break and dissolve. If the soil does not meet the requirements, part of it can be replaced more fertile.

The landing pit is digging immediately before landing so that it is preserved in it. the desired plant The amount of moisture, so how to pour water into the pit is not desirable. The depth of it depends on the length of the roots, digging it deeper, so that the roots are conveniently located and do not break.

Saplings need high-quality feeding. Fertilizer for walnut is prepared from the following components: a bucket of manure, 400 grams of wood ash, 200 grams of superphosphate. This nutrient mixture is placed on the bottom of the pits, and when planting, the soil is sprinkled, it is undesirable to contact the roots with fertilizer.

The process of planting seedlings and the distance between them

The most favorable time when the walnut is seeded, - Spring. The plant will have to be rooted and grazing to winter frosts that young trees can destroy.

The seedlings before landing should be inspected if there are damaged, bothering or dried roots, they are cut off. To facilitate and speed up the rooting process, the roots of seedlings are lowered into the clay tank with the addition of growth stimulator. The chatter is prepared from clay, overwhelmed manure and water (3: 1: 1), density - like the shop sour cream.

The walnut landing is carried out in slower, the roots are neatly straightened, it is advisable to give them a horizontal position. Then, starting from the lowest roots, the soil is gradually falling asleep. As a result, the upper part of the roots should be six or seven centimeters below the surface of the soil. The soil of the priority circle is gently tamped, there are a shallow groove for watering around the circle. Lached nuts are abundantly watered, about 15 liters of water for one tree. Since Krone is greatly growing in diameter, the tree does not need neighbors at a distance of five meters closer.

Walnut Walnut, subject to landing rules and timely careful care, will respond with a good harvest. Plant care is not complicated, the main thing is to carry out procedures on time and know some features.For example, soiling, weeding, loosening is no deeper than five centimeters, since the top roots of the plant are close to the surface.

Did you know? The priests of the ancient Babylon knew about the benefits of walnuts for the brain activity. The surname gentlemen forbid a simple people to eat nuts from fear that they would become too smart. Walnut, according to many scientific studies of antiquity, is among the top ten of the world's first echultured people.

Preventive treatment of trees from diseases and pests

An early spring plant requires some preventive measures: from the stan and skeletal branches of the walnut, you need to remove the Cour and the departed to the wrath over the winter; Purified surfaces need to be washed with a solution of copper mood (3%); Refreshing blotching.

In the spring, while the kidney is still sleeping, the tree and the soil of the rolling circle for the prevention of diseases and pests is sprayed with a burgundy liquid one-leen.

In the summer, to prevent the appearance of pests and diseases around the walnut, the soil is clean, the chores itself from time to time you need to carefully examine on the subject of insects, any suspicious spots on the crust and foliage. In case of detection, immediately handle fungicides (in case of signs of the disease) or insecticides (when insects appear).

After harvesting and focusing foliage trees are processed again for prophylaxis, you can use the same means. Experienced rabids are recommended instead of bordeaux liquid and copper vapor to use a seven-percent urea solution. This solution is multifunctional, it is simultaneously rescued from insects, has a fungicidal action and is a nitric fertilizer.

Important! Because in nitrogen nuts need a period of growth, it is better to handle its urea in spring.

Polishing rules

After winter with a small amount of precipitation, and even without snow, moisture is vital without snow. Pight wood, approximately twenty liters of water. With normal precipitation, watering walnut is carried out every two months in the spring period. In the summer, when the heat and the absence of rains, the need for watering increases. From about May to July, walnut trees watered twice a month in three or four buckets of water per tree, lack of moisture can affect the yield of walnut.

Soil loosening does not need to be carried out after each watering, the nut does not like this. If in the spring and in the summer there are frequent rains in the summer, you should not water, the nut loves moisture, but due to the structure of the root system, its excess will be destroyed. Reducing the watering and for trees above four meters, their root system pulls moisture from deep layers of the soil.

At the end of summer, watering is reduced.
If autumn is not rainy, it is abundantly watered, it is necessary for wintering. To avoid cracking and formation of rough earth crust, mulching is necessary. Thus, the soil will avoid drying into extremely hot days. The mulch is made of straw or sawdust, peat in a five-axis layer.

Falker trees

In May, it is time to make fertilizers and the question arises: what to feed walnut walnut? Adult trees older three years need to six kilograms ammonia Selitra, feed nuts in early spring Or in the first days of summer.

At the end of June for better growth Escapes of their tops are pinching and feeding the tree with phosphates and potassium, adding trace elements. There are fertilizers for fruit trees with a complex composition. A tree that is fruitful needs the entire season in 10 kg of superphosphate, 10 kg of ammonium sulfate, 3 kg of potash salt and 6 kg of ammonium nitrate.

Important! You can use biological fertilizers: Siderates (lupine, oats), which are splashing deep in the soil under the autumn of the walnut tree under the autumn.

When and how to do pruning

In the first three years of the life of the nut, it is necessary to form his barrel and crown.Every year the sideways are cut off the sideways. The sanitary or forming trimming of walnut is carried out by a sharp tool in order not to damage the plant, do not leave burrs.

For the formation of the crown, the best period when the tree reached one and a half meters of growth, while the stack is up to 90 cm, and the height of the crown is up to 60 cm.

When forming the crown, the branches are shortened by 20 cm, leaving about ten skeletal shoots, cleaned from germinating shoots and stack. It turns out the final form after four to five years, but then it will be necessary to cut it only branches that interfere with the growth of major shoots growing inside and too thickening the crown.

The main rules of the trimming of the walnut belong:

• The procedure is carried out either in spring before the start of the active movement of juices, or in the fall;
• In the autumn trimming of dry and damaged branches is done so that the tree does not give in winter valuable nutrition on knowingly doomed shoots;
• All sections after the procedure should be processed by Garden Warr in order to avoid infections.

Winning walnut

After harvesting and autumn trimming, the plot needs to be cleaned, remove everything vegetable residues, after all, it is in them the harmful insects. Inspect the trees, branches and bark, pests also often winter, whiten the trunk of the tree with lime. Young trees and seedlings of the current year are desirable to thoroughly prepare for winter: the rolling circle of plants must be hosted by mulch. It is possible to cover with the manure, but so that it does not come into contact with the crust, the trunks of the nut are wrapped with burlap, then you can put on a rolling circle of fir branches.

How to collect and keep a crop

The harvest of nuts is sleeping at the end of the summer - early autumn. You can collect those nuts whose green peel is cracking. It is not recommended to shoot green fruits: they do not have half of the most of the most mature nuts, not maturely ripped nut ripens and is not stored for a long time. Since the fruits ripen unevenly, collect them in batches as ripeness.
In order not to lean over every walnut and do not flock in fruitless attempts to knock the fruit sitting on the stiffs, risking to damage the bark of the plant and just spending time in vain, gardeners came up with some devices: the usual long pole (length depends on the height of the plant) with attached floor or polyethylene Bag at the end.

The fruits falling on the ground should be collected as quickly as possible. When the roar of the nut, the rot can be imprinted on the shell, and this will affect storage. Collect nuts preferably with dry weather.

To send nuts for long-term storage, they remove the peel and dried. Surride under a canopy with dry weather or in the house, scattering on the fabric or paper. Usually drying takes a week, nuts need from time to time to turn over so that they are evenly dried, Since the excess moisture can affect storage.

Nuts without a shell stored about six months in fabric bags or glass containers in a dry place. Nuts in the shell also stored in a dry place: in the box, paper or fabric bag, but much longer.

About the benefits of walnut, his medical properties They knew how long before our era. Nowadays, the dignity of the nut is also rated. And folk, and traditional medicine use nut properties and recommend it to use and adults, and children.

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Few people know that for the country it is not necessary to acquire a seedling - enough to put the fruit of the tree. On how to do it, read in our material.

Selecting planting material

Whether the process of growing the tree of the fetus is successful, will depend on the selection of high-quality planting material.

First of all, you should know that the fruit should be from fresh cropwho has not succumbed to nor heat treatment. Old nuts, germination is reduced at times. Thus, to acquire the fruits for planting or searching for their familiar daches and gardeners is needed since September. Shop nuts should not be trusted, as it is unknown, whether their processing was made and what they had freshness. The best option There will, of course, the nuts collected by their own hands.
The fruit must be completely ripe, and its shell - without any stains, damage. It should be thin. You should choose more instances of bigger. Before the selection, it is advisable to try nuts and choose the most delicious.

Preliminary preparation

Before planting nuts, it will be necessary to prepare - by exposure to cold, water and sunlight . If you plan to plant a plant in spring, then you need to produce. For its implementation, nut fruits are placed in the container with moistled sand, which is placed in a place with a temperature of from 0 to + 5 ° C, for example, in a refrigerator or cellar. Stratification lasts from three to four months. Every three or four weeks of nuts will need to extract and ventilate, and the sand is moisturized. After stratification, planting material can be placed in the ground.

There is another way of spring landing - put nuts for a month in the temperature below + 10 ° C, and then soak 2-5 days (at room temperature). They should be placed in water capacity to check which suitable for landing and which there are great chances of gentle. You should select those specimens that sank to the bottom, from floating on the surface it is worth getting rid of. From the water you need to immediately extract the fruits, which put on the shell sash and the root appeared.

Did you know? The famous picture of Leonardo Da Vinci "Lady with the Mornostham" is written by oil on a plate of walnut with dimensions of 54.8 by 40.3 cm.

In order for the root of grumbling, the fruits are lowered in a container with wet either sand, which put in the room with a temperature of + 25-28 ° C. For 5-10 days, the roots will grow up to 0.5-1 cm. After that, the container should be removed in a cool place before disembarking.
It can be grown both purified and crude fruits, but the first go better and faster.

To clean them, you should very carefully remove the upper shell and do not hurt the inner. The procedure is desirable to produce in gloves, since the green outer layer leaves difficult to wash the leather on the skin.

Important!If the inner shell is injured, the nut may not exist or the future sprout gets sick.

With the spring landing, in April, the selected nuts will need to dry. They are laid out on a horizontal surface in one layer and expose to the sun for a couple of days. After that, they are sent for 2-3 days to dry in the shaded place. Drying with special devices is prohibited.

With autumn landing, stratification, germination and drying of the planting material are not needed.

Video: Stratification of nuts

Selection of space on the plot

An adult walnut tree reaches a high height - up to 25 m, and spreads the crown wide. The trunk grows up to 3-7 m in diameter, moreover, it develops a powerful root system. Therefore, for wood, you need to choose a large plot, away from other plants so that the nut does not cover them with their shadow. The same applies to the buildings - the roots simply harm the foundation. The distance between two walnut trees should be at least five meters.

Simultaneously with nuts, you can plant - while the tree reaches the size that will interfere with their growth and development, they can successfully give you six or nine yields of berries.

It is also important that the plant is planned to be planned on the site, there was no close grounding of groundwater.
It will be possible to expect better development and fruiting from trees planted in wet carbonate lines, chernozem in well-lit plots. Nuts prefer neutral and weakly alkaline. The soil before landing will need to prepare, making fertilizers and moisturizing.

Did you know? In China, a record was recorded on high-speed breaking the shell of walnuts with hands. A resident of this country Lee Pejun in 55 seconds coped with 302 fruits.

Landing seeds in open ground

So, as you already understood, the nut can be seated in autumn - in September-October, and in the spring - in mid-April. It is necessary to prepare a landing point with a depth of 60-80 cm and focus the soil in it by manure (one bucket), (one glass) and (two glasses). It is better to do it in advance, somewhere over a month or two to landing.

The fruits must be planted in the holes of 30 by 30 cm. In each well placed in three or four nuts. They are put up vertical seam up. If you do not adhere to this recommendation, the plant may begin fruiting for three years later.

The landing scheme should be in the form of a triangle or a square with parties 20-25 cm. If several plants germinate, then it will be necessary to choose the strongest.
After placing the fruit in the well, the soil falls asleep. With autumn planting, irrigated, however, the land will need to be covered with a 10-or-20-centimeter layer of mulch from, dry foliage, herbs, fabric or sawdust: it is necessary to preserve moisture and protecting young sprouthes from the effects of sunlight.

In the spring landing, shoots appear 10 days later. In the fall, the height of the seedlings barrel already reaches 10-15 cm.

When landing in the autumn period, the shoots should be waited in May of next year. There are cases when nuts ride a year later.

Video: Features of autumnal landing

Further care

In the future, the departure will be in watering in the summer, soil looshes, young trees and pruning adults.

How to germinate walnut in a pot

The prepared fruits can be immediately sent to a permanent place or first place for germination in the pots, and then plant adults and strong seedlings. When choosing the last way, you can achieve the best germination and successful wintering of a young plant. It is necessary to take care of the purchase of tanks and the preparation of the substrate.

Soils

Fertile soil for germination can be purchased in specialized storeAnd also prepare yourself. For this take on one piece of turf, peat and humus.

Capacity

Capacity is better to choose the volume and depth 25-30 cm. Its size should be sufficient for the development of the root system. The second container, for small sprouts, must be twice the volume and deeper.

Landing

Fruits put in the middle or closer to the end april. Initially, the pot on the third is filled with drainage on which the soils are placed.

The fruit is put in the hole in a depth of 7-8 cm the end part of the book and sprinkle with the substrate. After that, it is moisturized and kept at a temperature of + 25-28 ° C and abundant lighting from 5 to 10 days. You can cover the tank with glass to create the effect of mini-greenhouse. In this case, periodic ventilation will be required.

First sprouts need to wait one or two weeks later.
Also fruits can be put in the pots in the fall. After landing, they are sent to a cool place, for example, a balcony or cellar, until February. Then they need to put in a warm room and regularly moisturize. Shoots should appear 10 days later. After that, they are transferred to the greater container, which is put on the windowsill and continue to moisturize regularly.

Care for seedlings

Young seedlings will need good lightingIn the shadow they will be poorly developed. It is important to carefully ensure that the earthen com did not save. Seedlings need to be regularly and abundantly moisturized, but not allow moisture stagnation, since it is fraught with the development of rot.

When warming up, the plant should be hardened - every day for a few hours to put out on the street, gradually increasing the duration of the ventilation. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the tree does not fall under drafts.

When the heat is standing on the street, the roots will need to be protected from overheating. By pulling out of the room, they should be covered with a damp cloth or put in a bucket with cool water.

For feeding plants, it is necessary to use comprehensive fertilizers with increased content potassium. Fertilizing seedlings recommended twice a month throughout the active period of their growth and development.
If the nut and then it is planned to be raised in the tank, then before reaching a four-year-old age it will be necessary to transplanted annually into a larger pot or a tube, cut a third of the root system every time. After reaching the village of four years, its transplant is carried out once every five years, and each year there is a lie to the trunk of fertile soil.

Such nut can be formed by any crown by spring trimming. The first trimming is made in two years. Crown is amenable to formation up to four years. In the future, only the sanitary trimming of old and weak escapes will be required. It is produced in spring and autumn.

Permanent

If the seedlings are planted from the pot into open ground, then the recommended period for it is after one year after landing, that is, in April-May. At this time, the stems should reach the height above 20 cm.

The landing pit is prepared in a depth of about 1 m, fertilize its manure with superphosphate and wood ash. The plant is carefully removed from the pot without damaging the root system. The rod root is cut by one third: this will give an incentive for the development of side roots. The seedling is placed in the soil so that the root neck is above it for 3-4 cm. The landing pit with the tree falls asleep soil, compacted it and abundantly moisturize. In order to protect the trunk of a young plant from the breakdown, it is tied up to a knuckle driven.

Further care will need the same as for seedlings immediately planted in open ground. Its features we described in one of the partitions above.

Video: Landing the walnut saplings

When they start fruit

Some gardeners and summer houses are in no hurry to plant nuts for one reason - the fruits can be destroyed soon. If the tree was planted in accordance with the recommendations and there was a high-quality care behind it, the earliest fruitry may come after seven years. Usually, the first fruits appear after 10-15 years.

The fruits begin to remove the cracks on the green peel.

So, the walnut is a rather famous tree that can be found on most country sites. Its popularity is explained by simplicity in landing and care, delicious and healthy fruits. Rail nuts easily from the fetus. Landing in a seed way to do with even a novice gardener. If you use the recommendations for proper landing, you can leave 10-15 years old on a tree with a tree planted and grown with your own hands.

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Many gardeners desire to grow walnuts in their sites, in connection with these, they have questions: "How and when is it better to plant these trees?", "What care do they need?". Some experts believe that it is better to engage in landing on the autumn period, others argue that planting walnut in spring is more reliable way Grow a healthy, fruiting tree. In fact, grow walnut is not so difficult. It is only worth adhere to some rules and recommendations. Since the plant walnut landing and care for it has a number of features.

Characteristics and description of walnut

Walnky (Volosk) Walnut is a pretty high tree, reaching a height of about 25 meters. It has a developed, strong root system, which can spread 20 meters around. The trunk of a straight tree, thick, covered with a crust of dark gray with plenty of cracks. Numerous branches form a wide scattered crown. Out leaves consist of 5-9 oval, elongated plates, have a specific smell.

Flowers tree from the second half of April at the beginning of May. Flowers of greenish color, small, can be male and female. Male collected in large earrings, female - single or collected two- three, are located on the top of the annual branches. Plant is pollinated by the wind. Pollen can be transferred to a distance of three hundred meters.

The fruction of walnut begins in 8 - 10 years after its landing. Fruits ripen in autumn in September - October. High yields are obtained with separate trees. The biggest crops of the tree gives approximately 50 years.

It should be noted that walnut is considered a long-lived tree, which in favorable conditions lives and fruit up to 400 years.

You can breed a tree as seeds (nuts) and vegetative way.

Selection and preparation of landing space

When choosing a place to plant a walnut tree for a permanent place, you need to give preference to the sunny, open area. Do not carry a nut on very wetlands and compressed soils. The most suitable soil for walnut landing is wet loam with a small content of groundwater and good drainage. From the oversupply of moisture, the roots of the tree will refuse. This will lead to the fact that the tree will not be fruit, and then can completely die.

In addition, the nut does not like the neighborhood with other trees, therefore, in a radius of 3 meters there should be no scrubbed shrubs and high trees. When landing several trees, the interval between them is 5 - 10 meters.

The young escape has a not very strong and developed root system, which does not allow it to receive food from deep layers of soil. In order for the young church to get all the elements necessary for good growth and development, the soil on the site of its landing should be well processed and fertilized. It is better to do it a few months before landing. To do this, dig a landing jam and fill it with organic fertilizers or a mixture consisting of one bucket of the finished (old) humor, one glass of wood ash and one cup of double superphosphate. After a couple of months (before the seed planting), weed to remove weeds and explode it.

Before planting seeds (which is more often carried out in the fall) should not be used to fertilize the soil nitrogen fertilizers. They are generally not recommended by plants for the winter.

Planting walnut seeds

One of the features of the Walnut tree is his ability to maintain the properties of the mother tree in reproduction by seeds. Of course, this method of landing is more time-consuming and long. But has its advantages:

• In the first year, severe roots develop strong roots.
• In the future, the trees planted this way do not need special care, except for regular irrigation into dry weather.
• They begin to give the fruit earlier, those trees that are grown in a vegetative way.
• Have an annual, stable fruit, without breaks.

To landing a walnut, conducted by seeds, in the future, gave positive results, first need to take high-quality planting material (nuts) and prepare it. For this purpose, only ripe, large fruits with a solid, not damaged shell are selected. Before boarding, it is desirable to stratify the fetus. To do this, hold it three - four months in place with temperature regime +1 ... + 5 ° С.

You can plant nuts in small pots, in order to transplanted a ready-made seedler in open soil in a few years. And you can immediately plant nuts at a permanent place in the ground.

It must be remembered that the germination of seeds in nuts persists within one year. Therefore, some gardeners believe that the landing of the walnut seeds in open ground is better to carry out in the fall. In winter, the fruits will be stratification, and with the onset of spring, the most viable sprouts will go. This does not apply to the northern regions, where the air temperature in the winter falls below - 25 ° C. In this case, it is better to grow seedlings at home. For spring landing, nuts need to be kept in a dry and cool place.

Sold down the seeds in open soil is needed to a depth of 10 - 15 centimeters, and in colder regions - up to 20 centimeters.

It is better to spread nuts to the prepared hole to spread the nuts up, 3-4 pieces, making the distance between them 15 -20 centimeters. If all seeds come up in the hole, after 2 years, only one, the most healthy and strong escape will be selected, and the rest of the searches or simply throw away.

Walnut seeds landing

Young walnut seedlings can be planted in the ground as in spring and autumn. It all depends on the climatic zone. But the walnut seedling seedlings in spring is being founded, before swelling the kidneys on the tree. Since the village planted in the autumn may not have time to be rooted and will not be able to survive the cold winter.

For planting, two-year or three-year seedlings are selected from the thickness of the barrel at least one centimeter. At the same time, the height of the seedling is not attached.

Before landing, you need to handle the seedliness, so as not to harm its root system. In order for seedlings who are without land for a long time, do not dry the roots (for example, during transportation), they can be dipped into a special clay tank. For its preparation, one part has mixed up the manure with three parts of clay, stirred all this with water to the state of sour cream. Before planting, the clay mixture was washed off so that the root contact with the soil was closer. If the seedlings slightly dried (this is noticeable of wrinkled crust), their roots are needed for a day - two placed in water.

Immediately before the landing, the roots should be considered very carefully. Remove damaged and patients. The vertical root of escape is usually trimmed by two thirds.

Experienced gardeners advise to acquire shoots to land with a "canned" root system. The root container has already made the necessary fertilizers who contribute to the rapid growth of the young tree. Planting walnut in this way it is possible even in a dry time. Such a tree is better and faster.

It is better to plant a young tree at a permanent place so that it turns to the south of the same side as in the nursery.

In advance prepared and fertilized soil, a hole is digging with a depth of about 50 centimeters and a diameter of about one meter. Two thirds of the hole poured water. When water is absorbed in the middle of the wells, you need to pour a small hollyk and arrange a tree on it so that its root neck is at a height of three to five centimeters above the soil. Then the plant is neatly powered by the earth. The land around the plant should be tightly tamped and rolling through water. Extra branches with a young tree are cleaned.

At first, after the landing, it is necessary to ensure that the roots of the seedling are imposed, if necessary, ships land.

So that in the future the tree gave good yields, he needs to provide conditions for pollination. Walnut is pollinated by the wind, so several trees can be very late to sit nearly.

Features of walnut

Walnuts grow quite slowly and need good care, especially if you grow them in unusual climatic conditions.

• Watering

The first watering after planting is needed to compact the soil. In watering, young trees especially need spring and summer, as well as when drought. Watering it enough twice a month. For one watering should go about three water buckets on square meter Soil. Trees that have reached a height of 4 meters can be watered less often.

The soil is desirable to mulch around the nut. Sawdresses or manure are suitable for this. Futows from the tree leaves can not be removed.

• Fertilizer

Fertilize the nuts, as a rule, twice within the year. Spring in the soil add nitrogen fertilizers. And in the autumn period - phosphoric and potash (they are well affected by the fertility of the tree). Use nitrogen fertilizers with caution. They can provoke the reproduction of malicious bacteria for wood. And their application is not recommended in the first three years of the fruction of the tree. In order for in the future, the tree could give more fruit.

• Trimming

No need to carry out a special trimming in order to form a tree crown. Krone in the nut is formed independently. Trim follows branches that interfere with each other or damage the bark. If there is a need, it is better not to remove unnecessary branches (during the active production of juice), and at the beginning of summer. If the tree loses a lot of juice, this will reflect in the future in its growth. Trimming branches are carried out twice. At first cut part of the branch, leaving a semisantimeter bitch. In the spring of next year, the dried bitch is removed. All sections of the cut should be treated with garden harr.

If the yield of the tree decreased very much, and the fruits became small and have an irregular shape, you need to carry out a rejuvenating trimming of a tree. Adult walnut trees, unlike young, cut into early spring. Clean high-pressure branches and, those that are directed inside the crown itself. In order for the middle of the crown more sunlight. Also remove branches having side branches, directing them to the sides. This contributes to the influx of juice and the emergence of new shoots.

• Fighting diseases and pests

The causes of the occurrence of walnut diseases are: lack of light, excess moisture, soil poverty, late spring frost.

Common diseases include: bright spot, bacteriosis, root cancer.

In comparison with others garden trees Walnut is much less frequently attacked by pests and insects.

To avoid this, prevention is carried out. The young, low tree can be sprayed with special modern means. For the first time, the spraying of the tree is carried out before the blown of the kidneys, then it is repeated - in the first half of the season of vegetation of the plant.

In order for a walnut seedlove to grew up a healthy, strong, well-fruiting tree, initially need to pick up a grade that feels comfortable in this area.