The practice of using SIP (Structural Insulated Panel) panels as the main building material is not only widespread in Western countries and far abroad, but at the same time is rapidly developing and finds widespread use in our country.

Why should you give your preference to SIP panels?

Sip panel composition

The panels are special constructions made of timber and two oriented strand boards (OSB) attached to it, the inner space between which is filled with expanded polystyrene. The resulting layers are glued together with one-component polyurethane-based glue.

The slabs are assembled in such a way that it is easy to use the “tongue-and-groove” system.
erected using this kind of panels, first of all, are distinguished by their low specific gravity, thereby significantly reducing the load on soil soils and the requirements for the foundation, respectively. In addition, significant, erected using this technology, is the highest level of strength and reliability. Thus, the panels are capable of withstanding a load in the vertical direction up to 10 tons, and in the transverse direction - up to 2 tons throughout the entire operational period, which exceeds 80 years. In addition, in the shortest possible time, generally not exceeding a 3-month period.

Excellent sound and heat insulation characteristics, complete fire safety and an absolute level of environmental friendliness - all these qualities determine the success of SIP panels.
In addition, SIP panels, with proper adherence to technology and the use of proven materials, can be produced with your own hands at home, further reducing their cost.

Tools and materials used in the production process of SIP panels

Insulation of Sip-panels

The following materials and equipment are used in the process of manufacturing sandwich panels:

• • • Oriented strand board OSB-3;
    • Expanded polystyrene or other insulation;
    • Wooden beam;
    • One-component polyurethane-based adhesive. Oriented strand boards (OSB) are panels with a thickness of 10-12 mm and are the result of pressing wood shavings no more than 1.5 cm in length and at least 0.6 mm in diameter under the influence of high temperature using specialized resins. Chips are usually stacked in 3 layers perpendicular to each other. Such material is easily sawn, drilled and holds any fastening material.
      - universal insulation raw material, consisting of expanded polystyrene. In the process of manufacturing sandwich panels, polystyrene foam of S-25-35 grades is usually used. This material is 95% carbon dioxide and differs not only in its low weight, but also in its low cost compared to other heaters.
      As an adhesive, compounds such as, for example, Kleyberite 502.8, top-level 15, Macroplast UR 7228 and Macroplast UR 7229 are used. Special requirements are imposed on such compositions: elevated level moisture resistance, a wide temperature range (from -40 to +50 degrees Celsius), the possession of absolute environmental friendliness and correspond to the long service life of the panel.

The working surface should be a table that is larger than the OSB-3 sheet, and as a means of applying the adhesive, either a special sprayer or a device from a canister and a rubber spatula with teeth can be used.

In addition, you will need a sandwich panel pressing machine. The press will cope with this task, or, if there is none, a powerful vacuum pump is used, with the help of which the required result is achieved.

For the manufacture of panels, you also need a thermal knife or a thermal cutter. This device is a heating element on the handle that heats up from the network; it is necessary to melt the insulation. With the help of a knife, SIP panels are cut into pieces.

SIP panels production

Vacuum press for SIP panels

How to make a sip panel? The OSB-3 sheet is laid on a flat work surface (special table), and glue is applied to it using a spray gun, glue, brush, roller, trowel with teeth or any other device. As a rule, the consumption of the adhesive is 150-200 g. for each square meter, but, in turn, it strongly depends on the method of application. The composition is kept for 8-10 minutes, after which expanded polystyrene of C-25-35 grades is placed.
In the process of manufacturing sandwich panels with my own hands the speed of the actions performed plays a special role. Do not allow the adhesive to polymerize between layers. Otherwise, the resulting structure will have a low level of strength and reliability; such a panel cannot be used in further construction.
The laid sheet of expanded polystyrene is carefully leveled, a uniform layer of adhesive is applied to it. On top of the insulation, the next layer is laid, consisting of an OSB panel. Next, the second plate is formed according to the above algorithm.
It is necessary to assemble the panels at least 5, and you should also take care of the need to exert pressure on them. For this purpose, the technique of vacuum pressing is applied. The pre-aligned stack of panels is covered with a cover made of awning fabric, glued together with a special adhesive, for example, "Cosmofen SA-12". Preliminarily clamping the edges or ensuring the proper level of tightness using any other method, air is pumped out from under the cover. Look at the photo above, where the panels are under a vacuum press.

Thus, a significant pressure of the order of 1 ton is exerted on the panel. square meter... The holding time under vacuum is 40-60 minutes, after which the next “stack” of panels can be produced.

For 8 hours of continuous work, about 25-35 sandwich panels can be glued. It is worth noting that ready-made slabs must remain in a horizontal position for at least a day in order to finally acquire the expected performance characteristics.

Compliance with safety during production

Applying glue to the base for gluing insulation

As in any production process, safety in the production of sandwich panels plays an important and far from the least role. So, all work should be carried out in a spacious, well-lit and ventilated room. All work with sandwich panels is carried out in special clothes with long sleeves, hands are protected with gloves, eyes, and, if necessary, goggles.

How profitable is manual panel production?

Manual production implies the following cost items:

• Glue;
• OSB-3 sheets;
• Expanded polystyrene;
• Vacuum pump for air evacuation;
  So, for example, 100 panels, we need:
  200 sheets of OSB-3, 500 rubles each. each - 100 thousand rubles;
  from a consumption of 2 kg. glue (average price per kg. 150 rubles) per sheet - about 40 thousand rubles;
  vacuum pump - 15 thousand rubles;
  expanded polystyrene from a consumption of 0.5 cubic meters. m per panel - 90 thousand rubles Compared to industrial panels, manual production allows you to save at least 100 thousand rubles, which is important in current conditions. The cost of the slab is 1300 rubles per square meter. In general, the price depends on the thickness of the slab.

Finished panels are cured after production

Video

Watch a video on how to make a sandwich panel with your own hands:

Everyone knows that it is practical and modern. And about the shortcomings of houses from SIP panels - few. Time in our high-speed age is probably valued above all else. This material allows the planned building to be erected in a very short time, and SIP panels beat many records in terms of waterproofing and heat conservation.

An effective result is achieved almost instantly for those who do not want to wait while leisurely construction workers erect walls and a frame of brick or stone.

In addition, to be honest, this construction method is not so modern. In North America, in Canada, for example, builders have been using it for more than 50 years, all the subtleties of the process have been worked out to the smallest detail. And the local nature is very similar in climate to the middle zone of Russia, which allows the same technologies to be successfully introduced here.

Disadvantages of houses from SIP panels, in contrast to all the above advantages, of course, there are, although there are not so many of them in comparison with the advantages of this material. Let's try to talk about each of them in our article. What will outweigh - you will have to decide for yourself, choosing what materials to build your dream home from.

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What it is

But first, a little about what a SIP is? In Russian - structural insulating panel. In English - SIP ( Structural Insulated Panel in abbreviation). For those who have nothing to say about it: this type of board has 2 independent bases of oriented strand board. Inside, the structure is filled with expanded polystyrene or mineralized wool (in different options differently). And all this structure is assembled in factories under a strong pressure of 18 tons.

The bases, in turn, consist of chip layers (in which the chips are deliberately arranged in different directions in order to give the board maximum strength and, at the same time, elasticity.

Expanded polystyrene- the material laid inside is a foamed plastic foam with pore closure, which has good thermal insulation qualities (it is separately used by builders as a heater). Thus, it would seem that the entire SIP plate obtained is light, strong, elastic, and poorly conducts fluids and heat. Not material, but a dream. But at the same time, the construction of SIP panels has some pitfalls, already known to some who are faced with them. But let's talk about everything in order.

The main disadvantages of the Canadian Miracle

This is what builders and advertisers themselves sometimes call buildings made of this material. By the way, all the shortcomings, logically thinking, directly stem from the properties of the materials themselves from which the SIP panels are made.

Flammability: Although the advertisement for SIP panels insists that they are impregnated with special fire retardants, this still does not allow us to speak of good resistance to fire of the sandwiches themselves. Of course, in comparison with simple tree flammability has lower indicators, but still brick or concrete, even a foam block have a priority here.

The advantages of the stone and its artificially produced analogs are obvious. Therefore, probably, the correct wiring and installation of outlets that comply with the standards, the absence of overloads in the house made of self-supporting insulated wire panels (as well as in a brick one - not a hindrance) is the primary task of builders. And the owner will require increased vigilance and compliance with all fire safety measures.

So, for example, it is forbidden to install sources of open fire (hearths, barbecues) near walls made of sandwich panels, and store flammable materials. By the way, if such panels are not specially processed, then according to building rules they have a fire resistance of K3, as well as wooden parts for construction (that is, they can be used for the construction of small residential buildings, but are not suitable for large-scale buildings where the spread of fire can bring fatal consequences for many, many people).

This flaw must be taken into account first of all when choosing materials for the construction of a dwelling.

Expanded polystyrene

Particular doubts among some picky citizens are caused by expanded polystyrene, as a material included in the composition of the plate. It is indeed flammable, although this combustion does not occur in the same way as, for example, a tree. A standard material of this kind (PSB-25) begins to ignite at a temperature twice as high as, for example, wood. But it is worth considering the factor that it consists of 95% air, which accompanies the process. And who needs a house, the wall of which can easily catch fire from an ordinary lightning strike.

However, when burning, as the manufacturers guarantee, the panel is not capable of emitting high concentrations of toxic substances, the same styrene or carbon monoxide... To be completely honest, many stories about supposedly blazing sandwich panels still refer to fakes made by handicraft (domestic craftsmen got used to producing these panels in a garage: for this, from complex equipment, perhaps, a serious press is needed).

Certified plate(as in the USA or Canada) do not set fire to any match, or coal, or a lighter. Even if sent directly gas burner, will not ignite immediately. So the main task: you need to find normal suppliers of material who do not sell counterfeits of vague manufacturers. It may cost more, but as a result you will be the winner.

SIP and pests

Manufacturing firms assert in one advertising voice that SIP is not the material that may interest all kinds of rodents. Since it is processed with special means, it is therefore both uncomfortable and inedible for animals. And as a dwelling, rodents cannot use the inner airy plastic: for them, rather, soft and warm glass wool will be relevant. However, some eyewitness accounts suggest otherwise.

Mice still gnaw on styrofoam, making small rounds out of it and with pleasure insulating minks with it. Well, perhaps, it may be about counterfeit sandwiches, and the real branded ones have nothing to do with it? Who knows.

About all sorts of termites and bugs - the same story. It is stated that they do not touch it, it seems. In fact, it is best to make additional processing of the panels in order to be already completely confident.

Durability and environmental friendliness

Concerning both, the vigilant future owners of the home may also have questions. The service life is officially prescribed over 100 years. But again, these estimates are not entirely verified and are approximate, because much in this regard depends on the area of ​​construction, and on the aggressiveness of the environment, and on compliance with technologies. Although there are known (abroad) examples of buildings, which, if all the rules of care were followed, have already stood enough to speak of positive qualities.

The environmental friendliness of the material is questioned by the adherents natural materials: after all, polystyrene is a rather harmful thing! And if we also take into account the need for the construction of additional ventilation (since in the heat and cold the house turns from it into a tin can), then it is expensive.

Therefore, taking into account all the disadvantages of houses from SIP panels, choose for yourself whether to decide on the choice of this particular material for construction.

SIP panels - stands for structural insulating panel, is a building material consisting of two smallpox plates (or other material) along the edges and insulation between them. The material from which the slabs are made and the insulation are glued together with glue under a certain pressure.

SIP panels as a building material were invented in the USA in the 30s of the 20th century, by an American engineer, in order to minimize the cost of heating and insulation of buildings, as well as to reduce the cost of construction. Such a simple development was appreciated by the manufacturers of building materials and the panels began to be mass produced and refined. Nowadays, the technology for the production of vulture panels and the construction of houses from vulture panels have been brought to perfection and at the same time it does not cease to improve and develop.

This technology is firmly entrenched in Canada, where the issue of insulation and energy saving is especially relevant, and is widely used to this day. Therefore, in the world, the technology of building houses from vulture panels is known as the Canadian building technology. This technology is especially common in places with harsh climatic conditions, where low temperatures prevail for most of the year, which makes it difficult to build houses from common materials.

Types of SIP panels

The self-supporting insulated wire technology is constantly being finalized and evolving for certain construction conditions, and to be more precise, the combinations of materials of the main slab and insulation change, the very principle of forming the slab remains the same - two slabs and a heater between them.

Depending on the purpose, vulture panels are manufactured separately for ceiling mounting, vulture panels for wall installation, vulture panels for the construction of internal partitions of a building, roofing. Moreover, they differ in thickness, weight and size.

Sip panel made of OSB and expanded polystyrene

OSB- means oriented strand board, consists of pressed and glued wood shavings.

This is the most common type of Sip panels, it consists of a bundle of OSB boards and as insulation - expanded polystyrene. Such a sip - plate has maximum strength and high functional qualities. Due to its light weight, it is easy to install, high quality and serves for a long time. It is mainly used for the construction of residential buildings and outbuildings.

Sip panel made of OSB and polyurethane foam

This type of sip panel consists of a bundle of OSB boards and insulation - polyurethane foam. They are used both for the construction of residential buildings and industrial buildings and their elements.

Polyurethane foam is a synthetic substance of a cellular structure, it is a hardened polymer foam.

Properties of sip panel made of polyurethane foam:

- does not burn or melt, under the influence high temperatures, which create extreme conditions for the material, the polyurethane foam is converted into a liquid mass and flows off without ignition

- thermal conductivity of sip panels made of polyurethane foam is 2 times better than that of sip panels made of polystyrene foam

- rodents and insects do not start

- due to the closed cellular structure does not absorb moisture, that is, completely moisture resistant

- environmentally friendly for humans, does not form fumes harmful to health

- durable, the manufacturer gives a guarantee of 50 years of material service

- not much, but more expensive sip panel made of OSB and expanded polystyrene

Vulture OSB and rock wool panels

This type of sip panel is built on the same sandwich principle, only expanded polystyrene is replaced mineral wool, which acts as a heater. In this version of the sandwich panel, there are both positive and negative sides. On the positive side, mineral wool is vapor-permeable and breathable, which just as well retains heat inside the room, in contrast to expanded polystyrene, which is completely vapor-proof.

Negative sides of OSB and rock wool sip panel:

- due to the specific fleecy structure of the mineral wool and the strength of the joint between the OSB board and the mineral wool, it is in doubt, that is, the insulation shrinks and settles over time at the bottom of the board;

- due to the weak rigidity of mineral wool, the structure of the sip-panel itself does not have acceptable strength properties

This is a standard constructive sip panel with mineral wool and was created and used in the Russian Federation.

Fragment of a vulture panel with mineral wool

The technology has the right to life, since it makes sense to preserve the properties of expanded polystyrene and at the same time not to lose the breathable effect of mineral wool, therefore this type of sip panel is being finalized and used in construction, the above disadvantages are eliminated by changes in the composition and coating of the components of the plate.

One of the examples is the widely used sip panel, where mineral wool is also used as insulation, and magnetized slabs are used as slabs.

LSU sip panels

Properties of SML SIP panels:

Mineral wool has a denser structure, and it can be compacted due to a combination with other more durable insulation, but it is already less breathable, but still vapor permeable:

Absolute incombustibility

- moisture resistance, when in water for up to 100 days, the properties and characteristics of the material remain unchanged, it became known as a result of testing;

- environmental safety, also low weight;

- sound insulation is better than that of a standard sip panel with expanded polystyrene;

- the area of ​​adhesion of the layer of insulation and the board inside the structure is 100%, in comparison with the standard OSB board where the area of ​​adhesion is up to a maximum of 35%.

- such walls do not need additional finishing, such as plaster or drywall. You can work directly with the panel surface;

- the majority of manufacturers use cable ducts in the constructions of LSU SIP panels;

- aesthetic appearance LSU panels, they white and create the external impression of a stone house.

Above, the properties of an already modified sip panel were described, where mineral wool is used as a heater. When choosing a material for construction, one should distinguish between the usual sip-panel with mineral wool and the modified modifications, so that in the future they will not encounter the negative qualities of the panel.

Sip panel made of fiberboard and polyurethane foam

This building material is a fairly new product on the building materials market. Such a sandwich panel consists of two fibreboard plates and polyurethane foam (PPU) as insulation between them. The properties of such a board combine all the advantages of fiberboard and polyurethane foam, we present them below:

House made of fiberboard sip panels

Fiberboard characteristics:

- consists of 60% wood shavings, about 39.7% of Portland cement grade 500 and a sodium silicate binder with a reduced concentration, the so-called water glass, about 0.3%. Fiberboard is also called improved wood

- fire resistant, does not lend itself to combustion, unlike OSB

Fiberboard slabs

- practical for interior decoration, because due to the rough surface it has good adhesion, i.e. adheres well to interior finishing materials such as putty and others. Lightweight, which facilitates the installation of slabs and, accordingly, reduces the construction time

- easy to handle and work, when working with fiberboard, the same tool is used as when working with wood, well drilled, sawn.

- a rather fragile material, prone to mechanical damage when dropped, splits, in principle, like most artificial materials

Sip panel made of fiberboard and polyurethane foam in the section of the wall

- moisture resistance, there are two sides of the coin: in interior decoration, fiberboard should be used in rooms where the humidity is about 70%, this is above the norm. However, due to its porosity, which on the one hand has its advantages, the fiberboard board absorbs moisture well, which, if it freezes inside, will destroy the board. Therefore, it is necessary to build from fiberboard SIP panels only in dry conditions, in the warmest and driest season. This drawback is eliminated by external finishing of the facade, if the protective finish is done on time, then the low moisture resistance of the material will not make itself felt

- slabs are made of different sizes, lengths and thicknesses

Fibrolite has been actively used in the EU countries for over 70 years.

The second component of the fiberboard sip panel is used as insulation - polyurethane foam, short for polyurethane foam.

Properties of polyurethane foam:

- is obtained by mixing a polyol and a polyisocyanate. The cured foam mixture contains up to 90% gas, which ensures cellularity and creates high thermal insulation properties

- it can be both soft and elastic, people call it paralon, or tight-tough, but does not lose its elasticity, which is used for the production of vulture panels

- very low coefficient of thermal conductivity, in comparison with a brick wall 1 meter thick, polyurethane foam performs the same function with only 30 mm of its thickness

foam foam is insulated even log houses

- strong moisture resistance, not subject to structural changes as a result of temperature drops

- chemical resistance

- not subject to rotting and eating by rodents, the spread of mold and mildew,

- eco-friendly material, absolutely non-toxic

Polyurethane foam - enough new material and is rapidly gaining popularity around the world, it is used in the automotive and aviation, furniture industry. Very good insulation which is already used in the construction of high-tech energy-efficient buildings.

Vulture panels made of fiberboard and polyurethane foam

Polyurethane foam in sip panels is used not only in combination with fiberboard, but also with OSB and other panel materials.

Vulture panels made of fiberboard and polyurethane foam are used in the construction of baths, garages, outbuildings and gazebos, walls, load-bearing structures in houses.

Pros and cons of houses from vulture panels (why are they built from vulture panels)

Above, we examined the most effective and popular options for sip panels and the materials from which they are made. But the main thing is, how does the house itself, erected from vulture panels, manifest itself during operation. What disadvantages and advantages does it have for the homeowner and what surprises it can present to the owner.

Pros of houses from vulture panels

- huge energy savings, in comparison with all types of building materials from which houses are erected. This is one of the fattest pluses. Canadian technology.

The vip panel is off

- high heat saving, sovereignty can be called the first fat plus. As proven by time and the operation of vulture houses, with low temperatures in the winter season, the temperature inside such a house is 3-5 degrees Celsius per day. Given such heat efficiency in the house, you can safely use electrical system heating

- creates a thermal effect inside the house, in the summer season it maintains a cool microclimate in the room, so you can use split systems and air conditioners less often, which again leads to savings on electricity consumption, albeit insignificant

- the properties of the material, namely its lightness, ease of processing and installation, allows you to build a house in a short time

- due to the low total weight of the house, that is, there is no need to build a massive and expensive foundation for such a house. Houses made of vulture panels can be erected on shallow tape, pile or columnar foundations, otherwise this will save you money again.

- flammability is lower than that of wood, the materials of the board are treated with special solutions that prevent the fire of the board. Sip - a stove made according to all GOSTs, with the observance of technologies, as in Canada, it is not possible to set fire to even deliberately, all talk about lightning-fast ignition of the material, rather from the field of anti-PR

- houses made of vulture panels are earthquake-resistant and resistant to hurricanes and strong winds, well suited for construction on unstable and problem soils

tests have confirmed that the house made of vulture panels is earthquake resistant

- not subject to shrinkage, with the rare exception of extreme soils, therefore, facade finishing and roofing can be performed immediately after house installation

- due to the small thickness of the walls, in comparison with the same brick, the internal area of ​​the house increases

- low construction cost in comparison with the use of other building materials

Disadvantages of sip-panel houses

- Sip-Houses still have a fairly good flammability, although materials are impregnated with special compounds, they do not give one hundred percent protection against high temperatures and complete protection from fire. However, the flammability of sip-panels is much less in comparison with wood. If you professionally distribute the wiring and sockets, prevent overloading the power grids, that is, observe the elementary fire safety rules, some flammability of the sip panels will not make itself felt

- thermal effect sip - at home, on the one hand, this is an advantage, and on the other, a disadvantage, which consists in the fact that it is necessary to construct additional ventilation, ordinary ventilation of the frame or brick house it won't do. And inadequate ventilation naturally leads to the formation of mold, condensation, and an elementary lack of oxygen

Inside a house made of vulture panels

- the walls of the house do not accumulate heat, only the air heats up. When you open doors and windows for a short time, the room cools down very quickly. Compared to a stone house, which takes a long time to warm up, but accumulates heat and does not cool down so quickly. This disadvantage can be minimized by using heat-consuming materials in the interior decoration of walls and floors and still keep an eye on the windows.

A conscientious manufacturer impregnates the sip panel with water-repellent agents

- the facade of a house made of vulture panels cannot be left for the season without external decoration and a full-fledged roof, this will inevitably lead to the accumulation of moisture and dampness of the walls with a further loss of strength of materials and decay. Therefore, when building a house from vulture panels, it is immediately necessary to plan and carry out the installation of the external decoration of the facade, otherwise all efforts and resources will be wasted

facade decoration vulture house

The main mistake in the construction of a vulture house

- It is strictly forbidden to build a house from sip-panels in a constantly damp climate, as well as to use raw materials during construction. You should not start construction in a damp or variable rainy season, because vulture plates absorb moisture well, otherwise your house will rot before our eyes and the funds will be wasted. This rule is often neglected by many sip-developers, wanting to quickly fulfill the client's order. They are ready to build even in the rain. It is advisable for the future homeowner to monitor the quality of materials at the facility and the storage conditions for VTS panels at the facility, as well as in what weather conditions the developer is installing the house !!!

With the conscientious observance of construction using Canadian technology, a house made of vulture panels will delight you with its cheapness, practicality and unique properties.

house from vulture panels with decoration

It is not possible to give an unequivocal recommendation of what type of sip panels a house should be built from. When choosing one or another type of sip-panel, it is necessary to proceed from the climatic conditions in which you are going to build the house and for what purposes the building will be used, what weather and static loads to undergo. A variety of modern building materials and their combination in construction already allows you to fulfill all the needs of the future homeowner and erect buildings in any climatic conditions.

Installation of self-supporting insulated wire panels. Instructions

An example of assembling SIP panels is given for the use of panels with a foam polystyrene insulation thickness of 150 mm and OSB walls of 12 mm.

Depending on the climatic conditions and the customer's tasks, it may be advisable to use thicker panels with insulation of 200 mm

Node No. 1. Foundation-Floor-Wall

Recall that when building a house on a monolithic slab, there is no need to use a strapping beam and SIP panels as a floor. Therefore, we will dwell in more detail on the features of installation on a strip and pile foundation.

As for the slab, it is more cost effective to use other methods of insulating the subfloor on it, for example, extruded high-density polystyrene foam.

It fits on the foundation 2 or more layers of waterproofing to prevent moisture saturation of the tree. This condition applies to all types of foundations.

Waterproofing must be strong enough so that the weight of the entire house does not violate the properties of reliable insulation from moisture for decades.

A strapping bar is laid on the waterproofing and is securely attached to the tape with a pitch of 400 mm or to the pile heads. The strapping bar should be at least 45x145 mm in size, but it is better to use a larger size, for example, 90x145 mm or 145x145 mm.

Read more about the features of its installation in the description of the foundation arrangement.

Fasten the strapping bar into the tape using anchor bolts with a diameter of 12-14 mm... The bolt nut must sink into the timber and not stick out. To do this, drill a small hole in it in advance. larger diameter than a nut. The anchor must enter the foundation by at least 100 mm.

Fasten the strapping bar to the pile you can use a 12-16 mm stud with 2 nuts... The ideal option is to weld a hairpin into the center of the pile head with a 100-200 mm entry inside the pile, followed by concreting the pile and welding the head to it. 2 or more layers of waterproofing are also laid on the pile, and the hairpin goes through the strapping beam through and through. It is cut to the level of the timber and fixed with a nut with a pre-drilled hole so that the nut was sunk into the timber.

SIP panels are laid on the strapping beam in accordance with the laying plan. For the floor, it makes sense to use panels with a width of 625 mm to increase the number of joists. The foundation design should take into account the presence of support points and tie-bars under all interior walls.

V quality construction try to reduce the number of cold bridges and, accordingly, thermal seams. Therefore, it is advisable to mount the outer wall of the self-supporting insulated wire panel before attaching the strapping bar, and start the floor panel behind this outer wall (see Node 1.1). This solution will require the use of a higher wall SIP panel.

Economical option provides for the installation of wall SIP panels directly on the floor panels. In this case, there will be 3 thermal seams, instead of 1. (see Unit 1.2), but the panels can be used at a lower height. For builders, this solution is faster and easier, since every wall panel does not need to be cut. But you should live in the house!

By choosing one of these options, you can start installing floor SIP panels. They will either be shifted to the center of the house by 12 mm (OSB wall thickness wall panel) in the first option, or they will go flush with the strapping beam - in option 2.

Floor panels are mounted according to the layout plan using the installation information of Node 2 Panel-Panel.

An important nuance - the lower part of the floor SIP panels is covered with mastic, to protect them from moisture in the ground. If possible the lower thermal gap of the floor panels is also sealed... If it is impossible to gain access to it after mounting the panel, it is necessary to apply sealant in advance

on an already installed panel.

There is also an alternative opinion that mastic should not be used on the lower part of the first floor slabs. In the event of moisture penetration from the inside of the house into the floor slabs, it will have nowhere to go. This can occur due to poor-quality sealing of seams (for example, they simply froze, instead of using the thermal seam technology).

The fastening of the floor panels to the rail is carried out first with a self-tapping screw 4x60 mm diagonally from the side of the ends... This is necessary to prevent displacement of the panels in the plane of the foundation. After the installation of all floor panels is completed, their ends are closed with an antiseptic dry planed board 45x145 mm (end board in the diagram).

By technology, everything the inlays of the beams in the panel must be pre-foamed with high-quality polyurethane foam-glue... In order for the foam to work as efficiently as possible, Before applying the foam, the surfaces should be sprayed with water from a spray bottle... Polymerization of the foam takes place under the influence of moisture, and this simple action will allow you to achieve a better foam cure quality.

When the floor is completely ready, it begins installation of a connecting bar for fixing wall SIP panels... You can use 45x145 mm (in the diagram) or 90x145 mm - depending on the project of the house and the required balance of strength and thermal characteristics. The wall fixing timber is foamed from below and placed on the floor SIP panel.

There is a modification of the technology, when between this board and the floor SIP panel, a roll of expanded polyethylene insulation with a width of a bar and a thickness of 2-3 mm is laid, or 2 grooves 3-4 mm are made in the board and a cord made of expanded polyethylene 6-8 mm is laid (in the diagram these insulation options are not shown).

The connecting bar of the wall is fixed with a high-strength constructional self-tapping screw TORX M8x280 mm (purple in the diagram). The length of the self-tapping screw is chosen so that it passes through the floor panel to the middle of the strapping bar). The fixing step is 400 mm. This is a very important unit for attaching the wall to the foundation, we do not recommend saving on it!

Do not forget about the correct location of the fixing board on the floor SIP panel. When working on Option # 1, the board is flush with the panel. When working on the economical Option No. 2, the board is displaced inside the house by 12 mm (the thickness of the OSB wall panel). Before installing the wall panel, the floor fixing board is sprayed with water and foamed from all sides (green seam in the diagram).

The wall panel is fixed to the mounting board from 2 sides (outside and inside the house) using TORX construction screws 4x60 mm with a pitch of 150 mm.

Node No. 2. Panel-Panel

SIP panels are interconnected using connecting bar.

Its dimensions can be different: for panels with a thickness of insulation 150 mm, dry planed antiseptic timber with a width of 145 mm and a thickness of 90 mm is used (see the diagram Option No. 1)... The grooves of the selection in the insulation are made with a depth of 40-45 mm.

Lightly loaded structures can be connected with a bar / board 145x45 mm (see diagram Option No. 2).

The same lightweight version is sometimes used for roof panels. In this case, the depth of the groove is 20-25 mm.

Also used dry planed board 145x25 mm for insertion into the grooves of the sample at the ends of the self-supporting insulated wire panels... For example, in the lower and upper part of the wall, along the perimeter of the floor panels, these are the ends of the roof overhangs.

Before inserting the timber into the groove of the panel, it is necessary to moisten the surfaces with water using a spray gun, then apply mounting foam - glue into the groove of the SIP panel.

If the size of the timber and the depth of sampling of the insulation in the SIP panel are correctly selected, then the thermal seam between the walls of the panels will be 3-5 mm.

For high-quality sealing of the seam, it is necessary to use Izolon cord and sealant(see above). In this case, the thermal gap is called thermal seam - it will be elastic, air-moisture-proof and will ensure a long service life of the self-supporting insulated wire at home.

In cheap self-supporting insulated wire construction, thermal seam technology is not used.... All thermal gaps are foamed with polyurethane foam, which is cut off after drying.

The obvious disadvantage of this solution is that the foam gradually breaks down and crumbles under the influence of oxygen. Moisture will get into the seam, and this will not only cold bridge, but also the likelihood of damage to the timber and the end of the panel fungi.

Cut ends of OSB boards SIP panels most susceptible to fungal damage, so they must be treated with an antiseptic... Ideally, buy self-supporting insulated wire panels immediately with processed ends + independently process the ends when cutting a solid panel.

If a SIP panel is used 200 mm thick, for a more durable option, a connecting bar is suitable 195x90 mm, and for lightweight - 195x45 mm.

A solid option is used if the house is being erected voluminous or in several floors. Also, a board 195x25 mm is used for sealing the ends of the panels.

In cheap self-supporting insulated wire construction, builders can save on the use of high-quality timber of the required thickness. There are 2 options for replacing the timber with smaller boards.

Option number 3

Instead of a 90x145 mm timber, 2 dry planed boards 45x145 mm are used, fastened with self-tapping screws and foam to each other. Obviously, this connection will give a significant cold bridge over time.

Option number 4

3 boards are used to recreate the size of the timber 90x145 mm. This option is more difficult to manufacture, but the cold bridge will be less than in option No. 3.

Node number 3. Panel angle 90,45,135о

There are several options for assembling the assembly. We will not cite the "Economy" options with sticking out boards and 3 thermal seams as they are not recommended. Moreover, they save nothing but 20 minutes of builders' work time.

The correct corner contains 1 thermo-joint. In one of the panels, it is necessary to make a cutout of the insulation and the inside of the OSB to fit the size of the second panel. After that, an additional selection of insulation under a 45x145 mm bar is made with a thermal knife and the inner bar is installed.

In the second panel, a sample of insulation is made for a 45x145 mm beam (indicated in the diagram) or (if necessary, structural reinforcement of this angle), a sample and a 90x145 mm beam are used.

This corner bar is first fixed to the first panel with TORX 4x60 self-tapping screws. It is necessary to fix it in such a way that there is room for the walls of the OSB of the second panel. If we mount the corner of the wall, then do not forget about the need for a fixing bar on the floor.

The second panel with the finished groove is inserted in the last turn. After leveling in all planes, the panels are fixed to the fixing beams along the perimeter.

Using only 4x60 mm self-tapping screws is not enough to securely fasten the corner. Basic fastener in this unit there is a constructional self-tapping screw TORX 8x200, which is fastened through the second panel into the fixing bar of the first panel with a pitch of 400 mm.

By the same principle, sharp corners are mounted in self-supporting insulated wire construction.

It is important to cut the fixing beam at the desired angle and take into account that if the beam is placed at an angle in a panel with 150 mm of insulation, the width of the beam should be more than 150 mm.

It may be necessary to use dry planed beams 45x195 mm or larger.

Also, the thickness of the timber used can be increased when it is necessary to strengthen the structural element.

It is possible to connect SIP panels at an obtuse angle, for example, 135 degrees, by analogy with the SIP panel - SIP panel assembly (see above), but the connecting bar must be used longer, since it also stands at an angle in the panel.

To simplify the installation of screws at an angle, it may make sense to drill a 2.5-3 mm hole with a drill.

It is also possible to use a thicker beam in the installation - if necessary, strengthen the structure.

Node 4. Window and door assembly

Installation of a window and door opening in the diagrams is shown in the section of the plane of the wall.

SIP panels are mounted in such a way that a window opening of the required size is obtained.

a bar of 45x145 mm is laid.

The bar is fixed on self-tapping screws, and all the seams are foamed, and outside, after the foam dries, they are covered with a sealant.

The beam is recessed flush into the panel. It is important to ensure the leveling of the timber. This will greatly facilitate the subsequent installation of windows.

The doorway is mounted in much the same way as the window. When installing walls the bottom fixing bar remains on the floor until the installation of all sections of the wall is completed... This is necessary to ensure that the wall is flat.

At the end of the construction of the door opening, the fastening bar in it is cut out and removed.

A small SIP panel insert above the door can be mounted and inserted separately. It is very important to ensure a uniform plane of the panels to the left and right of the door.

Alternatively, you can pre-fix the connecting bar on the top of the panels, this will simplify the leveling of the plane.

There is an installation option with a selection in niches (windows, doors) of only 25 mm and using a bar, respectively, with dimensions of 145x25 mm.

The illustration shows an example of a connecting bar inset into the opening before the stage of fixing it with self-tapping screws.

Node 5. Interfloor overlap

Installation of interfloor floors in a self-supporting insulated wire (self-supporting insulated wire) house can also be performed in several ways.

In our variants the floor panels of the 2nd floor rest on the walls of the 1st floor and are fastened through to the fixing bar of the 2nd floor.(constructional self-tapping screw 280 mm with a pitch of 400 mm in the diagram).

It is believed that it is cheaper to make a floor using a standard frame technology- wooden logs and cotton wool. But, if you consider all the subtleties correct installation frame ceilings and moisture / vapor barrier cotton wool, then the option with SIP panels will not be much more expensive.

For floors, they are most often used SIP panels 625 mm wide, which allows you to increase the amount of lag and the strength of the structure. Lags in this case are fastening beams in SIP panels.

The fixing bar of the ceiling of the 1st floor, the floor of the 2nd floor and the floor log can be either 45x145 mm or 90x145 mm, depending on the required structural strength of the building.

Option number 1

Installation of the first floor wall ends with a 45x145 mm bar into the groove of the wall panel. The self-supporting insulated wire panel of the interfloor overlap rests on it. It makes sense to immediately collect whole line from panels and fix the floors in rows according to the projected panel layout plan.

In Option No. 1, the floor panel has a 12 mm shift towards the inside of the house in order for the OSB panel of the 2nd floor wall to cover the floor. This allows you to make 1 thermo-joints, instead of 4. But in this case it is necessary to use higher wall SIP panels.

The logs themselves are not shown in the diagram, only the junction with the wall of the 1st and 2nd floors.

During installation, the floor panel must be fixed with temporary fasteners to the fixing bar of the wall of the 1st floor. After laying the row along the wall, mount the fixing bar of the walls of the 2nd floor on the panels and tighten the structure with a long constructional self-tapping screw TORX 8x400 mm with a pitch of 400 mm.

The self-supporting insulated wire panels of the walls of the 2nd floor are cut from the inside to the thickness of the overlap + a selection of insulation is made in them with a thermal knife under the fixing beam of the floor of the 2nd floor.

Node 6. Mauerlat. Wall-Roof

The junction of the wall made of self-supporting insulated wire panels is presented in the option with overlapping of the ceiling of the 2nd floor, also made of SIP panels.

Just like in interfloor ceilings(see above), this overlap can be performed using different technologies, including the one shown in the diagram.

The outer OSB wall extends to the end of the wall. A cutout is made inside for the installation of the floor and a sample for the connecting bar. Installation begins with the installation of this connecting bar and bringing all the bars of this wall to the same plane using a laser level.

SIP panels we mount the floors with the end board already fixed in them... Installation of panels should be carried out in rows, fixing the panels to temporary fasteners so that they do not slide along the installation plane.

We use the projected panel layout plan. For floors, SIP panels with a width of 625 mm are most often taken.

The wall node ends with the installation of a beam called " Mauerlat. "This is a thick timber beveled at an angle of inclination of the wall, for example, 150x150 mm. The Mauerlat is fixed through the floor panel to the connecting bar of the wall of the 2nd floor using TORX construction screws 8x280 mm with a pitch of 400 mm.

The roof panel, which is also most often 625 mm wide, is fitted with stopper bar 50x50 mm - to rest against the Mauerlat and prevent the panel from sliding off the roof during installation. This block is necessary only for the convenience of starting the panel installation and will not bear the main structural load.

The main fasteners of the self-supporting insulated wire of the roof panel are TORX structural screws 8x240 mm, also with a pitch of 400 mm.

At the end of the roof installation, the end parts of the roof panels are sewn up with a 45x145 mm or 25x145 mm board.

There is an option of installing a roof with a self-supporting insulated wire panel only up to the beginning of the wall. Further, the roof is removed using a connecting bar of panels (rafters), but without insulation inside. This solution saves on the required area of ​​the panels, but ultimately depends on the length of the span and the need for trimming the panels or using whole ones.

Node 7. Run. Roof panels

A purlin is a thick beam, beveled at the corner of the roof, which transfers the load to the walls from the middle of the roof (between the Mauerlat and the ridge). The run is required when the roof span is more than 4 meters long.

The girder beam is mounted into the walls in a niche prepared for it. From the niche, it is necessary to choose a heater with a thermal knife and install a connecting bar according to the diagram.

The purlin must not be installed in an unprepared opening, resting only on the edge of the OSB boards!

The connection of the roof panels is carried out at the installation site of the purlin beam. 45x145 mm or 90x145 mm (according to the project and calculations) are used as a connecting piece.

The connecting bars perpendicular to the Mauerlat, the girder and the ridge will be the roof rafters.

SIP roofs do not trumpet a separate rafter system below them.

The main fastener of the unit is a structural self-tapping screw TORX 8x360 mm and 8x280 mm... The long self-tapping screw must also pass through the connecting bar under the purlin. Self-tapping screws 280 mm go in the places of the span, between the walls.

It is possible to strengthen the structure with galvanized mounting angles, which additionally fix the rafters to the girder. When using them, you will need to make a small cutout in the next SIP panel under the corner.

The most popular solution is to use SIP panels with 200 mm insulation thickness in roof panels. In this case, a wider bar 45x195 mm or 90x195 mm is used.

There are solutions that involve the use of a standard rafter system UNDER SIP roof. This makes it possible to increase the strength of the structure, but also increases the installation time.

Node number 8. Roof ridge

The ridge or ridge girder is the main supporting element of the roof, located at the very top of the frame. Usually this is a beam of 150x150 mm or larger. For long, thick beams, it makes sense to use quality laminated veneer lumber solutions. They give minimal deformation and sag.

The connecting bars of SIP roof panels are at the same time rafter system, are tied together using a 45x145 mm board with TORX 4x95 self-tapping screws. In this case, the strapping board goes along the outer layer of the self-supporting insulated wire panel.

The main load-bearing fastener of the unit is a structural self-tapping screw TORX 8x240 mm. In the case of fasteners through the cross-section of rafters with a thickness of 45 mm, it makes sense to drill a 5-6 mm hole for a self-tapping screw in the rafters to prevent them from cracking during installation.

It also makes sense to fix the rafters with mounting angles to the ridge beam, and also to connect the rafters of different roof slopes with a galvanized plate.

Vulture panels are a convenient material with excellent characteristics and a long service life, allowing you to erect buildings in the shortest possible time. Sip panel houses have their own strengths and weaknesses, which will need to be studied in detail. This material gained its popularity in Canada, but after that it began to be actively used all over the world. Sip technology for building houses is not particularly complex, so this material is used more and more in the latter.

What is SIP

The structural insulating panel, consisting of two sheets of OSB at the edges and a core made of insulation, is the material from which houses are built using the so-called Canadian technology.

The structural insulating panel, consisting of two sheets of OSB at the edges and a core made of insulation, is the material from which houses are built using the so-called Canadian technology. As a finished product manufactured in an industrial environment, the panels are completely ready for building a house, they can be of different sizes, thicknesses and variability of the insulation filling is allowed, which can be seen in the video material.

Fastening of sheet materials is carried out by means of an adhesive composition, while observing technological features gluing: any pass is fraught with a violation of the quality indicators of the finished product. That is why gluing is carried out under a pressure of 15-19 tons, which makes it possible to use the material not only for arranging wall structures, but also as floor slabs and roofs.

Panel composition

The advantages of sip houses are due to the composition of this material. It consists of the following elements:

• The basis of such a product is an OSB board. These boards are made on the basis of long and narrow chips, laid in multi-layer and rammed so that on all sides of the sheet they lie perpendicular to each other. Such a production technology increases the flexibility of the product under loads in different planes; such properties are absent in ordinary wood. Chips based on pine or aspen are often used for sip panels. These boards are 97% wood, with the rest being binder components. The structures are treated with a special water-repellent solution, which provides protection against moisture, decay and mechanical stress.
• Polystyrene foam is also used, which has a low thermal conductivity at lightweight... During manufacture, gas is added to the polystyrene mass. Depending on the properties of the product, the substance can be very different, for example, carbon dioxide is used for fire-resistant structures. A sheet of such a product with a thickness of only 11 cm is able to provide a level of thermal insulation comparable to a wall, consisting of 2 m thick silicate bricks.

Vulture panel composition

Knowing what a sip panel is, what are their pros and cons, it is not difficult to figure out why this material is so often used for the construction of buildings.

Types of vulture panels

By their types, basic combinations and characteristics, you can determine the purpose and size of the elements

By their types, basic combinations and characteristics, you can determine the purpose and size of the elements:

1. OSB, PPP, OSB are some of the most common standards of the European panel. The slab is 1.25 m wide, 2.5-2.8 m long with a thickness of cladding and insulation in the amount equal to the thickness of the panel, which is 100, 150, 200 mm for PPS sheets, and 6-25 mm for OSB. Manufacturers most often use chipboard with a thickness of 9, 12 mm, and the dimensions of the finished products are variable and depend on the application, for example, narrower elements (625, 600 mm) are produced for roofing and floor slabs. Subject to technology, this standard model is capable of withstanding a load of 10 tons of vertical format and 2 tons of transverse format. The weight of a panel with dimensions (mm) 2500 * 1250 * 174 is 56 kg.
2. DSP, PPS, DSP - the dimensions of this sip panel are 1.2 width and length up to 3.0 meters. Refers to flammability class G1, weight 120 kg. Experts say that the use of these elements in construction allows you to get a house that is in no way inferior in functionality. aerated concrete blocks, however, SIP panels are cheaper and more practical, as well as lighter in weight. But there is a drawback - fragility. In addition, this type of product is slightly higher than standard panels.
3. LSU, PPS, LSU are panels in which a glass-magnesium sheet is used, therefore, with dimensions of 1.22 * 2.44 m, the element weight is 68 kg. A distinctive quality is the reinforcing layers, which is why the plate has high strength indicators. Moreover, LSU does not burn (class NG is assigned), it is simply sawn, it is easy to hammer in nails, finish and have excellent adhesion to all building plasters... The use of elements of the "Standard" class for internal wall partitions is shown, but the premium class is ideal for arrangement outer walls... Minus - exposure to aggressive environmental influences.
4. OSB, MB, OSB - panels with mineral wool as insulation have classic standard sizes, but at the same time, the width of the insulation cannot be more than 150 mm, which means that the finished product cannot be thicker than 174 mm. The environmental friendliness of mineral wool has been confirmed, but the weight is much higher than that of other heaters. The density of the material is 115-150 kg / m3, the weight of the panel is up to 90 kg, therefore, the material is rarely used for the construction of private houses. Manufacturers often replace OSB with LSU, achieving exceptional fire safety of the product, but the weight will be 110 kg, and the price skyrockets.
5. OSB, polyurethane foam, OSB - an element also having standard dimensions with a 60 mm insulation layer. It is difficult to call the structure a sip panel, since the technology is strikingly different from the regulated one. Polyurethane foam is much stronger than polystyrene foam, but the use of the product in large quantities financially costly, therefore, there is more likely an exception to the rule, for example, if an extremely thin layer of insulation material is needed or construction is carried out in regions with high humidity, which means that the use of expanded polystyrene is not recommended.

SIP panel classification and manufacturing technology

In terms of shape, SIP-panels fully correspond to the description common for all types of panels - they are a flat large-size element, the length and width of which significantly exceeds the thickness. The difference is that the outer plates from the end sides protrude above the polystyrene foam layer (usually by 50 mm), forming a groove along the entire length of the end. Such a design feature is necessary for fixing the panels to the strapping beams during the installation of walls, ceilings or roofs.

Basic dimensions, mm:

• Length 2500, 2800
• Width 625, 1250
• Thickness 110, 120, 170, 200, 220, 270

including expanded polystyrene 100-250 and OSB 10-12

SIP-panels thickness up to 120-124 mm suitable for internal partitions and external walls in single-storey buildings; over 124 mm- external walls, partitions, floors, floors, roofs.

Production of sandwich panels with mineral wool, expanded polystyrene or FRP-1 is reduced to bonding the inner and outer layers with glue and cold pressing (pressure of 30 tons per m²). Urethane foams are called pouring foams, since they are not used in the form of slabs ready for gluing, but are poured between plates fixed parallel to each other, where they foamed and solidified.

SIP panels characteristics

Strength, kgf / cm²	The adhesion of the outer layers (with expanded polystyrene and mineral wool insulation, respectively, should be at least): with a uniform separation - 1.8 and 1.5 with shear - 1.5 and 1.2 The SIP-panel is capable of withstanding a vertical load of up to 10 tons and a transverse load of 2 tons per 1 m² (350 kg is enough for the construction of cottages).
Volume weight, kg / m³	Foamed polystyrene for SIP panels is used with a density of 25, 35, 50
Thermal conductivity slabs, W / (m ° С)	polystyrene foam 0.037 -0.04 mineral wool 0.047-0.07 urethane 0.028
Geometry violation	OSB does not warp and does not deform from temperature extremes, moisture ingress, since it consists of chips, completely devoid of the imperfections of solid wood. Peeling a log destroys the interconnection of wood fibers, thereby removing internal stress (which cannot be said about peeling plywood veneer). In addition, OSB-3 has increased strength due to the technology of forming chips into layers (neighboring particles are located perpendicular to each other), which are then pressed at + 200 ° C into a monolithic mass with a glossy surface.
Disease susceptibility	The OSB binder contains a wax emulsion that relieves without any additional biological protection from the appearance of fungus, mold, insects
Shrinkage 0	Absent - immediately after completing the assembly of the house kit, you can proceed to the external and internal decoration.
Water absorption	Water absorption in 24 hours. PSB 0.5-2.1% and OSB-3 - up to 12%
Fire resistance	Fiberboard panel, for comparison, belongs to the low-combustible materials of the G1 group. Houses made of SIP panels correspond to III degree of fire resistance - fire containment for 1 hour.
Price	from 1700 to 5500 rubles / piece
Sound absorption	For example, polystyrene weighing 25 kg / m³: 44 dB at a panel thickness of 148 mm, 56 dB at 188 mm.
Maximum number of storeys of the building	2 floors + attic.

Main advantages and disadvantages

Of course, any technology has both advantages and disadvantages. The main advantages are in the areas of convenience and comfort received. SIP panel projects will be a smart choice, since the buildings being built have the following advantages:

• Thermal insulation of plates. Canadian houses are distinguished by the best degree of thermal insulation, in comparison with which the brick falls noticeably. According to experts, to achieve the same low loss factor for bricks, a wall thickness of at least 2.5 m is required, while the standard panel thickness is 17 cm.

• Excellent sound insulation. Despite the thickness of the panel, expanded polystyrene well prevents the penetration of noise from the street.
• A light weight overall design... 1 m2 of panel has an average weight of 15-20 kg, depending on the thickness. For example, a similar area brickwork it is quite capable of exceeding half a ton. Hence, the following advantage comes out: houses made of self-supporting insulated wire panels do not need a powerful and expensive foundation; for the Canadian type, a shallow strip is sufficient.
• Short construction time. Structures from SIP panels are built in a matter of weeks. For example, a two-storey country cottage with a total area of ​​50 m2 is being built on a turnkey basis in 3 weeks.
• Construction can be carried out at any time of the year, according to this criterion, SIP panels have no restrictions.
• Due to the low weight of the panels, they are easy to transport and unload, which allows you to significantly save on delivery and loader services.
• The panels are resistant to aggressive external environments, including biological ones. For example, such as mold or mildew.
• SIP panels, the price for which starts at $ 25 per m2, will become an excellent alternative to other building materials both in terms of cost and ease of construction.
• Due to their environmental friendliness and safety for health, SIP panels are used for installation in any type of building, they do not leave behind construction debris and do not emit allergenic substances.
• Ease of panel mounting. They do not require special skills or equipment. Any work, from the construction of a small extension, and ending with the construction of a cottage in several floors, in fact, requires only the presence of the panels themselves, self-tapping screws, polyurethane foam and a set of basic simple tools.

Tests have shown that SIP panels have significant mechanical strength, which can withstand longitudinal and lateral loads well. The figures of 10 tonnes per m2 for longitudinal and 2 tonnes for transverse slabs are a convincing factor.

The list of advantages of SIP panels is very convincing. Nevertheless, it also has some disadvantages, sometimes too "inflated" by adherents of brick and concrete:

• flammability,
• environmental harm,
• resistance to rodents.

Many buyers are primarily concerned about the fire resistance of SIP panels, since OSB boards are 90% wood. However, there is no reason to worry as they are treated with a special agent called a flame retardant. As a result of its application, the fire resistance of the board increases up to 7 times compared to ordinary wood. The expanded polystyrene used in such panels has self-extinguishing properties, therefore, even when exposed to open flame the flame does not spread to the material to neighboring structures.

From the point of view of environmental friendliness, the material does not pose a danger to humans. Adhesive components certainly emit harmful volatile compounds into the atmosphere, but their amount is not capable of harming health.

It is now important to consider the rodent problem. As you know, they are able to enter the home in different ways. There is a concern that expanded polystyrene will become a favorable environment for rodent penetration. Nevertheless, such a problem was not noticed due to the fact that the insulation material is closed on both sides by boards and OSB boards. Resin-impregnated shavings provide a good barrier against pests, as the material has sufficient strength. Insulation is inedible and, for this reason, is not of interest to rodents.

In the event that self-supporting insulated wire panels are used for the construction of buildings not according to the "Canadian" technology, but as building materials for sheathing frame structures, it is worth remembering that some other disadvantages will appear:

• Drafts are often observed at the joints. This drawback can be easily eliminated with the use of mounting tape and is irrelevant for "Canadian" houses.
• In the absence of insulation, certain areas begin to freeze.
• Condensation accumulates at the joints of the slabs and the frame, which will lead to the appearance of connection defects.
• There is a possibility of cosmetic damage to the board due to careless transportation or sawing. In this case, you will need to cover the scratches with a protective layer of primer.

Another drawback, which is sometimes overly emphasized, is the presence of toxic formaldehydes and phenols, which were widely used in the production of chipboard panels. Nevertheless, this problem is insignificant, since the amount of the substance is used in production that does not go beyond the standards established by sanitary safety in class E1.

Features of construction using Canadian technology

In order for the building to be reliable and durable, you will need to take into account the peculiarities of using the vulture panel technology. These include:

1. You must try to choose the highest quality materials. Only high quality panels can withstand all the pressure put on them. Some manufacturers may use poor quality adhesive, which will lead to quick release of structures. Also substandard materials can lead to a slight inflammation of the structure and the release of harmful substances during a fire. The choice of the manufacturer must be approached with all responsibility.
2. When choosing a foundation, it is better to give preference to screw piles or tape monolith. This will reduce construction costs.
3. A special technology for the manufacture of panels provides them with high rigidity. Thanks to this, the construction of the building can be carried out at any time of the year, even at low temperatures. The building after construction does not shrink and is protected from seasonal soil movements.
4. Particular attention must be paid to the frame that will hold the walls. For exterior decoration it is better to use thicker varieties of sip structures, for interior partition regular panels will do.

Construction of a house from vulture panels

Knowing the characteristics of sip panels, the disadvantages of their use, it is possible to erect a building without any particular complications. The main thing is to carry out all the work in stages and in compliance with the technology.

Assembly of sip panels

The assembly of such material should be carried out with careful control of the reliability of the connection of each section of the structure. The main joints for vulture panels are:

• Areas for joining the floor structure with the main part.
• Elements of fastening the corners of the walls.
• Joints connecting walls, floors and roofs.
• Elements that fasten the roof to the panels.

Assembly from vulture panels

All installation procedures for joining structures must be additionally strengthened using self-tapping screws and fixed with special foam for installation. Although the material has good thermal insulation characteristics, a problem of drafts may arise with poor-quality assembly. Cold air can enter the space where the panels are poorly connected to each other. If such complications arise, you can get rid of them with the help of construction assembly tape.

First of all, it is important to remember, and, if necessary, to constantly remind yourself: "quality is not cheap." Most of the problems that arise when buying SIP boards happen precisely because of the wrong choice towards cheapness.

The primary problem that arises when buying boards from an unscrupulous manufacturer is the use of low-quality glue. There have been cases when, during production, the glue was applied unevenly to the surface of the insulation, moreover, in simple strips by hand. As a result, the OSB layer is easily separated from the insulation when exposed to some force.

The second, often common problem, especially inherent in domestic and Chinese manufacturers, is the use of low-quality polystyrene foam, which is easy to burn, while emitting harmful particles. It is important to remember that quality material does not spread combustion and is self-extinguishing.

From the above, it makes sense to highlight several useful tips that will help you when choosing and buying:

• before ordering a batch, it is advisable to personally verify its quality,
• there is no need to chase after cheapness, because in this case, “the miser pays twice,” and not everyone can afford to order a second house,
• boards must be ordered directly from the manufacturer or from reputable dealers,
• it is advisable to request a payment option for delivery, in extreme cases, an advance payment. Firms with a low reputation often require 100% prepayment. The factor "money in the morning - chairs in the evening" in this case will play against the buyer.

In general, it should be noted that even high-quality German manufacturers make the tolerance of errors in the dimensions of the plates. Nevertheless, the Egger concern is recognized for the consistently high quality of its products, followed by Glunz by a small margin. Both manufacturers have a high reputation, confirmed by more than one decade, and thanks to them, SIP panels, which are easy to buy in any building market, will delight you with their quality and reliability.