Substrate for a parquet board: conifer, cork, tuplex, polyethylene and polystyrene - which is better and how to choose correctly. What a substrate under parquet is the most optimal cork substrate under parquet

How comfortable and durable will be parquet, depends on the quality of the outer surface of the wood, the accuracy of its laying and the correctness of the selection of the substrate under parquet board. A lot of expensive parquet coatings were out of order and turned into a violin playing surface only due to the fact that their owners saved on the installation of a lining material, or the thickness of the substrate under the parquet board was incorrectly selected. In this case, inappropriate, the spear savings can destroy the parquet of several hundred dollars.

Why do you need a lining material

The substrate may not be applied if the parquet coating is placed onto the floor with a traditional sticker on mastic or polyurethane composition. With external simplification and saving money to walk on such a parquet uncomfortable, it's like concrete, it's cold, firmly and noisy. In the apartments of multi-storey houses, the use of a parquet coating substrate is often becoming the only possible option for the following reasons:

• Thin, thickness of just a few millimeters, the lining material is capable of leveling well level defects of the base. Elemental ceiling plates are rare when manufactured smooth and smooth. In this case it is easier to use a high-quality substrate than increasing concrete screed a few centimeters thick;
• The substrate is very good extinguishing the sound of steps, any noise that is coming from the bottom floor reduces heat loss and makes the floor covering slightly spring, which increases comfort for both the residents of the apartment and the neighbors below;
• High-class lining material increases the lifetime of the parquet coating at times due to the transformation of the local load, for example, from the furniture legs, in the distributed load on the surface of the base.

When planning a parquet coating, the thickness of the parquet board with a substrate is taken into account. After laying the parquet, the height of the floor is changing, so you can get a surprise in the form of not opening interior doors. The maximum substrate thickness should be no more than ¼ from the thickness of the parquet board, that is, parquetin in 16 mm thick will require a lining material to a maximum of 4 mm.

Water - the most terrible enemy of parquet

Another feature of the parquet is that the board has two to three times a denser structure than the longest class laminate 34. Therefore, water vapors and condensate, accumulating on a concrete basis, will try to break through the waterproofing film to the substrate and the reference surface. wooden board. If the technology of laying parquet is fully fulfilled, the moisture on the surface of the parquet will not be able to penetrate the inside of the parquet pie, since the seams and joints will be closed with hydrophobic mastic, adhesive composition or varnish.

Thus, the waterproofing film and the parquet board must be impermeable to water, otherwise the wood of parquet will be rotten and cracking over time. But, on the other hand, there are no ideal joints and seams in nature, so in ancient Parquet coating regularly rubbed and polished to close microcracks and microchelters, through which part of the condensing water vapor or cold air could get inside the board.

Important! In addition to leveling and heat insulation, the substrate plays the main role of the capillary pump, pulling moisture remnants from under the founding of the parquet.

Part of the water vapor is excreted through the gaps and the looseness between the boards, under plinths and furniture, part is absorbed by wood. But in any case, the residual amount of condensate and water vapor is not enough for swelling or the development of putrefactive processes.

Most successful substrate options for parquet

Based on the above, you can formulate what the best substrate for the parquet board should be:

1. The optimal thickness of the material depends on the quality of the preparation of a concrete base, the more humps and pits, the thicker the substrate, but not more than 6 mm, the optimal value is 2-3 mm;
2. The substrate material must have elastic and at the same time dissipative properties. Energy from mechanical pressure and load should be absorbed and dispel without "rubber rebound";
3. The texture of the substrate must be a fiber or microporous, such a device allows the water pair to be removed from wood;
4. The material must be safe and durable.

An important role is played by the price of the substrate. There are many all kinds of substrate options from the Chinese and European manufacturer on the market, so it makes no sense to give over the substrate more than parquet itself.

Lining canvas from natural materials

The cork substrate under the parquet board is the greatest fame and popularity. The plug really has excellent compensating and leveling properties.

The material is well frozen and allows you to gently absorb the pressure of the board. We produce cork cloths in the form of rolls and in the form of sheet material. For parquet boards, the best will be the best option, but the sheets can be used. The carved canvas spread on the pasted film and combine wide construction tape. The size of the grain or pores for the lining material does not matter. For high-quality parquet use the Spanish and Portuguese stamps Maestro Club, Aberhof, Ipocork.

In second place, it is customary to consider the cardboard material manufactured by Kahrs. The substrate is made of coarse-fiber paper pulp, impregnated with water-repellent compositions. Such a lining material is great for laying a parquet coating over warm floors.

Practice shows that paper and cardboard substrates are best withstanding regular temperature differences. According to the reviews of masters, in some cases in old houses, age for 40-50 years, parquet coatings with substrates from newspapers and multilayer cardboard have repeatedly opened. Even after half a century, the material practically does not lose the strength and integrity of the texture.

Coniferous extruded rolled lining in the form of mats or mats. The material is softer and elastic than the plug, has good warmth and sound insulation. The life of the coniferous canvas is twice as fewer cork or cardboard option.

An intermediate option can be called a mixed substrate from cork chips and bitumen, called Parkolag. The material is noticeably cheaper than the plugs, ensures the maximum level of heat and waterproofing, but it categorically cannot be used in conjunction with floor heating systems. At the same time, the bitumen component of the substrate during heating allocates toxic evaporation, so it does not apply for residential premises.

Composite and foamed lining materials

The indisputable favorite of the rating of lining materials is the three-layer stupil. The development of French producers was repeatedly copied and upgraded by Chinese, Russian, Turkish and Polish manufacturers under their own trademarks. Multiple fake only confirms good performance. The lining structure is a sandwich of two layers of a polyethylene film, between which the smallest polystyrene balls are pressed. Tomplex is valued for excellent depreciation qualities and the ability to capture and unidirectively remove moisture from parquet "cake."

The lining canvas is not bad with a film heating and not a completely even concrete base of the floor. The main sound insulation and thermal insulation characteristics of the material are close to the properties of a genuine plug, despite the fact that Tompleks stands noticeably cheaper and not afraid pathogenic microflora and fungal formations.

The second most popular among synthetic materials is called foamed and extruded polypropylene. This is one of the most rigid and resistant types of lining material. Does not miss moisture and water vapors, perfectly holds heat and isolates noise. For warm floors, perforated substrate options provide improved heat transfer. The cost of polypropropy is one of the lowest, therefore most of the producers of parquet, as a bonus, components of the batch of boards with a free substrate from EPPS.

One of the innate disadvantages of substrates from Painropymen is the low life of such a gasket. For 8-10 years, due to the secondary polymerization, polypropylene begins to intensively collapse and lose elastic properties. For a good parquet board, 10 years is not even half of the resource, so EPPS is used for laminate and the cheapest types of parquet.

The most ambiguous and cheap lining material is considered bubble and foamed polyethylene. The simplest linear polyethylene as substrates for the parquet board is practically not used due to rapidly pressing. Modified polyethylene brands, more rigid and heat-resistant and heat, apply for thin parquet boards and some varieties of laminate with increased wear resistance. The price of such a substrate can be more than 10 times less than the cost of cork and composite materials.

Conclusion

It is best to choose a lining material for a parquet board on the recommendations of the parquet manufacturer. In some cases, a direct indication of the method and thickness of the substrate for a specific type of floor is given. But in any case, the pledge of the durability of parquet coatings is a correctly formed concrete screed with a minimum of defects, as it will not be possible to compensate for the low quality of the concrete surface even the most expensive lining.

Purpose of the substrate
Invalid stereotypes about the substrate
Varieties of the substrate

The feature of the laying of parquet flooring is that under it it is necessary to be created a layer of the substrate in the event that the installation is carried out by a floating method. The article we will talk about why such a layer is necessary, about its independence and what kind of substrate to choose under the parquet board, so that the coating light and efficiently.

Purpose of the substrate

If the owner decided to lay the parquet in his house, then first of all he should take care of bringing the basis for the optimal state.

Regardless of how hard the worker processed the draft floor, the unevenness will remain and eliminate them.

Because of their presence, under the parquet flooring, emptiness is formed, capable of covering the ambulance, which is unacceptable, since any visual manifestations will spoil the impression of guests or people who have seen room in photos published on social networks.

First of all, after the wrong installation of the parquet, the disadvantages will appear in the form of a backlash - a gap, which creates characteristic sounds when walking along the floor surface.

Any knock on parquet flooring lead to the spread of sound for a long distance.

Avoid such flaws of the floor is quite simple.

If a high-quality substrate for a parquet will be used, any roughness of the draft floor will be coordinated, the depreciation characteristics will increase, and any noises from shocks and stinks on parquet flooring will be softened.

Invalid stereotypes about the substrate

Many owners of their own housing, there has been a certain opinion about whether the substrate is needed under the parquet board and what should be its features.

Basically, they do not correspond to reality and therefore it is necessary to refute each so that the rest of the buyers do not allow mistakes when choosing a substrate under parquet.

Consider the main stereotypes:

• The efficiency of the substrate depends on its thickness.

  Do not think that the substrate will soften movement over the surface and will reduce the load. In fact, it is not. According to the rules of the amplitude of irregularities, the base under the parquet should not exceed 2 millimeters per meter. For example, polyethylene or cork material is strongly compressed under load, and therefore, with an increase in thickness, the amplitude of the surface levels is growing.

  As mentioned earlier, too large surface level differences will lead to the formation of the backlash and ambulance. The most negative will be the impact on the joints between the floorboard floors. The first negative manifestations of the excessive thickness of the parquet board with a substrate will give 2-3 months after commissioning (read: "The length and thickness of the parquet are standard dimensions").

  It is optimal to use a layer of a 2 millimeter substrate. Naturally, the maximum efficiency of the substrate of such thickness will be achieved only with the appropriate alignment of the draft floor.

• When using the substrate, you can eliminate any variables of rough base.

  Again, this is a unreasonable bottomless statement. The feature of the substrate is that its structure completely repeats all the elevations and recesses of the foundation. Receiving the perfectly level basis is necessary with the help of various self-leveling mixtures, plaster sheets or fan-resistant moisture.

• Sheetted substrate is the most the best option. Sheet substrate does not dominate by one of the indicators over the rolled variety of material.

Varieties of the substrate

On the modern construction market, you can find many types of substrates under parquet flooring.

Consider in more detail the features of the main species:

1. Polyeneetylene. The most common look is the substrate based on foam polyethylene. The advantage of this material in increased resistance to the chemical exposure of various substances.

   Such a layer is absolutely indifferent to the formation of mold, fungi, reproduction and influence of bacteria, moisture, etc. The lack of such a material lies in excessive flammability and reversibility of the polymerization process.

   If the first can be avoided by complying with the basic safety regulations when laying the material, the second drawback causes a limited life of a polyethylene substrate. Under influence sunlight and oxygen polymer decomposes and turns into a powdered composition with the loss of all positive properties inherent in it.

   To achieve the most long life of such a substrate, it is recommended that it is recommended to storing it under parquet in a dark dry place without drafts.

2. Foil. The substrate with a foil layer is an excellent material that does not simply ensures the reliability of the parquet flooring, and also increases its noise, hydro and heat-insulating characteristics.

   The foil layer most often has a polyethylene film under a parquet board based on the lag with a rigid fastening.

3. Cork. A similar cork substrate under the parquet board is represented by the bark of oak, which was crushed and pressed. The material used is genuine wood, which is absolutely harmless to the human body.

   The main advantages of such a substrate is that it is not subjected to the processes of rotting, the formation of mold, and also has excellent heat and noise insulating characteristics. The most efficient quality of the layer is preserved during long-term operation. It is important to know that only a flooded scial is not allowed to lay the cork substrate. Under it, it is necessary to organize a waterproofing layer of thick polyethylene.

There is a type of this material created on the basis of a synthetic substance (rubber).

The main advantage of such a layer in sound insulation and vibrations from working household appliances.

1. Bitumen-cork (Parkolag). This substrate is created from the wrapping paper of high strength treated with a bitumen mixture, with the application of cork crumbs. The advantage of it in a long service life, excellent sound insulation characteristics, high protection against moisture.

   Laying is carried out by a layer of applied plug down. The lack of such a material is that it highlights formaldehyde during operation.

2. Composite materials (Tuplex). The three-layer substrate for a parquet board of Tomples is created from the layer of film represented with the pores through which the moisture comes above to the layer of special balls that provide a uniform distribution based on the base.

   Heart all this polyethylene film, designed to improve the waterproofing characteristics. It is best to use such a substrate with high humidity and a bad drying of a parquet board. However, the possibilities of such a coverage are a reason for using low-quality outdoor coatingAfter all, visually and in the photo its drawbacks will be visible to everyone.

   READ ALSO: "How to raise a parquet with your own hands - tips and secrets."

Outcome

Based on the foregoing, it can be concluded that two types of substrate are most reliable and durable: Cork and Tuplex. In the event of difficulties in laying a substrate or its choice, it is recommended to refer to specialists who will take responsibility for all stages of work.

Soundproofing stencil substrate (with holes) from foamed polyethylene for use in conjunction with Sikabond-52 Parquet glue. The most popular glue system laying parquet on the substrate. Sika Acouubond system allows you to quickly put engineering, parquet, massive board, piece parquet, modular parquet, laminate, etc. Without using plywood. The substrate completely replaces the functions of plywood (except for the possibility of fixing the slats with screws), providing additional advantages.

Laying parquet on the SikaLayer substrate is cheaper than the traditional fashion on the fane.

Options are produced 3 and 5 mm thick.

We recommend the SikaLayer-03 substrate with a thickness of 3 mm. The difference between substrates in noise insulation is insignificant, the substrate 3 mm extinguits the sounds of 16 dB, the substrate is 5 mm for 18 dB, but with a substrate with a thickness of 3 mm it is more convenient to operate and better than glue seam.

Benefits

High-quality sound insulation.

Significantly reduces as reflected indoor noise and penetrating the noise of steps (up to 18 dB) into the lower rooms.

Creates a temperature barrier between the base and parquet. Parquet has a more uniform temperature from above and below, which reduces the risk of alleged wood. Reduced risk of mold and absorption excess moisture From the ground.

Requirements for the base are reduced.

Allowable laying on the screed, concrete, asphalt, ceramic tiles, Gypsum, chipboard, wooden floor, etc. A spot load on the base is reduced, so suitable for laying less durable tie than for classic gluing.

High glue seam compensates for small irregularities.

There is no need to targeting the substrate to the base where communication can be held.

When working there are no odors and construction dust. You can put parquet indoors with finishing finish, for example, during the complete replacement of the floor covering.

Accelerates the installation process. Parquet can be laid until the opportunity to operate within one day.

Probably very fast way Correctly lay a massive board.

Economical styling.

Substrate for a parquet board - how to choose the best, overview of the most popular options

Low glue consumption, affordable substrate posture. Cheaper styling on Faneur or similar European adhesive systems.

SIKA ACOBOND SYSTEM application instructions

Prices for product: Substrate for massive and engineering board Sika SikaLayer-05

Related products

All accompanying goods

Each shop of laminate vechery board sells a substrate - the necessary accompanying material. Manufacturers strive for additional profits and come up with a new and new substrate, often completely unreasonable. Managers in stores rarely have a serious theoretical database and give often harmful information to customers.

In this article we will try to describe all popular types of substrates and answer the question - what kind of substrate is better under parquet board and laminate.

Substrate thickness and other theoretical information

The most perhaps a common misconception among buyers is the confidence that the thicker the substrate is the better. Allegedly so softer walk and load on a parquet board or laminate will be less.

This is not true. According to the standard, the maximum height difference when laying a laminate and parquet board - 2 mm on 2 m². This includes both the difference in the foundation itself and the soak of the substrate.

Soft materials, such as a foamed substrate or a cork substrate with pressing compressible. The greater the layer of such a substrate, the greater the height difference. The height difference creates the play on the laminate locks or the parquet board, which causes increased wear of the castle compound and the appearance of the screens.

What is the most offensive, creaking parquet board and lazy the castle begin not immediately, but after a few months without the possibility of timely detection of the defect laying.

Based on the above, standard substrate thickness is 2 mm. Such thickness with a well-aligned basis, even with the full damage or absence of a fragment of the substrate (for example, due to poor-quality styling or reversible substrate bands) allows you to put in a standard permissible drop.

Please note that most of the floorboard manufacturers write in the requirements for laying the need to use a cork substrate with a thickness of 2 mm. With a non-standard substrate, even in the warranty case, the manufacturer may refuse, but in the practice of the manufacturer only the thickness is worried.

In stores often sell cork 4, 6 or 8 mm thick, but such materials are designed by manufacturers not for laying laminate and parquet board.

Another myth that the substrate can be aligned.

The substrates for laminate and the parquet board are well repeated the shape of all the irregularities of the floor. For alignment of the floor in cases where it is impossible to use solidifying mixtures (more often due to saving work time), it is necessary to use solid materials - either these are plaster or other sheets, or moisture-resistant traditional plywood.

Almost all types of substrates (except for the inquiry and on the basis of bituminous mastic) have a porous and moisture-unprotected structure.

When laying on the phaneer or leveling dry sheets of additional moisture insulation is not required. If the laying of the parquet board and laminate occurs on the screed, dew on the surface of the screed due to the temperature difference, therefore, it is extremely recommended for a moisture-proof substrate to lay a polyethylene film with a thickness of 200 microns or a little thicker with a wide adhesive.

More often the substrate began to sell not rolls, but sheets.

For example, a plug. There are no advantages and convenience of leafy materials when laying there, except for the manufacturer's greater profit.

Substrate of special propylene

The cheapest substrate that is often bought under the laminate. Nothing is particularly bad to say in the first glance - satisfies the requirements for laying, does not respond to moisture. One nuance - the decay of foamed propylene occurs on average after 7-10 years, after which the substrate turns into a powder, losing the necessary properties of hydro and thermal insulation.

In addition, rolls of foamed propylene can lie in stock a couple of years before selling to the consumer. All foamed polymers are fire hazardous, much more dangerous than wood, especially if we take into account high toxicity, as a result of which in many buildings, the use of such a substrate is prohibited.

Cork substrate

Traditional substrate under the parquet board. Tube is the best natural noise, thermal insulator and fully natural product, so really excellent material.

The only serious minus of the plug - swells from the water. The cork substrate is produced in different thickness, under the parquet board and laminate need only a cork substrate with a thickness of 2 mm. If the substrate is thinner - it crumbs, significantly reducing the life of floating floors. If the plug is thicker - excessive load appears on the lock connection. The lack of moisture protection should not significantly affect the choice, because

the internal layers of the parquet board and even more laminate the moisture is afraid much more. If the cork substrate is placed on a concrete screed or bulk sex, it will be necessary to bed at the bottom of the polyethylene film with a thickness of 200 microns with a wide adhesive and walk along the joints of moisture-protective scotch.

Sometimes you can meet in stores exotic - cork substrate with a finished polyethylene layer.

Good, but the cost is overestimated, it is easier to buy separate two layers.

Substrate Tuplex.

Substrate Tomplex - Material of three layers.

The bottom layer is a porous film transmitting moisture from below to the middle layer. The middle layer is packed with polystyrene balls (foam) supporting the constant height of the layer. Between the balls the air layer with good ventilation.

Top layer - polyethylene film.

All together, it is especially effective in the case of a not sufficiently dried screed or in the presence of condensate on the screed due to non-permanent heating of the room.

Substrate for a parquet board: Features of choice and laying

Moisture through the pores penetrates the average layer and well eats through the air ducts around the perimeter of the room in the places of gaps between the parquet board and the wall. Thus, the risk of damage to the parquet is significantly reduced.

The substrate is Tomples today - the best "lazy" substrate under parquet board and laminate, if you don't want to look for a waterproofing polyethylene under the plug. Tuplex has a price that is approximately equal to the cork substrate, however, it is supplied, as a rule, with rolls of 33 m², which is not always convenient.

If you wish, you can find 10 m² rolls in stores. Tompleks in any case guarantees waterproofing, regardless of the professionalism of the stackers, so such a substrate is like to recommend parquet manufacturers (KARELIA and Kahrs, for example).

Bitumen-based substrate

Bitumen mastic substrate - new product on russian marketBut actively promoted by multiple networking parquet salons.

The main advantages are noise, heat, moisture insulation. We confirm that these benefits have a place, but sellers are silent about one - bituminous mastic allocates formaldehyde in large quantitiesEspecially in hot weather or when laying near thermal conducting pipes. Because of this feature, bitume-based materials are prohibited in many countries and institutions. Recently, in Moscow and a number of regions, it was banned from using bitumen materials for roofs, enormous money is invested for alteration of asphalt with bitumen on paving slabs only due to environmental problems.

Coniferous substrate

Actively promotable product of the Naroskiysk market.

The substrate thickness is 4-7 mm, so you automatically deprive the warranty on parquet or laminate. In the event of any controversial situation, the parquet manufacturer will say that you used an uncommitted substrate, regardless of who is to blame in your case. The main problem is an attempt by promoting the coniferous substrate of companies to stop on two chairs - recommended both the material for the base (that is,

competitor GVL, OSP and plywood), and as damper (other substrates). The material cannot do both purposes, because In the first case, the stiffness of the material is required, and in the second softness. Below the press release of one of the popular coniferous substrate manufacturers with the comments of the technologist.

• "Fully environmentally friendly material that does not contain chemical elements." Controversy.

  Due to which the particles of needles hold, what composition of glue / resin?

• "Removes the irregularities of floors to 3 mm depending on the thickness of the substrate." Due to what? If due to the softness, then the additional load on the locks (the service life of the parquet / laminate is reduced, creak, cracks on the ends).
• "The porosity of the coniferous substrate does not make moisture to accumulate under the floor and weathered it, passing through itself, which prevents the appearance of mold and fungus."

  A and b everyone, but cellulose - just a nutritional environment for fungus. Using needles increases the possibility of fungus. Either glue is used that closes cellulose, which is immediately non-environmentally.

• "Over time, it does not dissolve and does not seek." Controversy.

  Due to what then aligns, if not seams?

• "Aligns moisture in the room by absorption, or moisture returns with its disadvantage in the surrounding air." This is a reference to the properties of wood.

  Then the fungus.

Substrate with a foil layer

The foil layer is a good hydro, heat, noise insulator and is rather an improved version. original material Substrates. Fungal is usually a substrate of foamed polyethylene, the main qualities of such a substrate are described above. The foil substrate is recommended to be used when laying on lags with rigid fixation of the board, as well as for inexpensive laminate with a service life of about 10 years.

What kind of substrate is better?

Opinion, it is better to use under the laminate and a parquet board or a stupil or a cork substrate (with a plastic layer or without a polyethylene layer, depending on the base).

Yes, and the plug is the best substrate under the warm floor.

We hope our feedback on the substrate will save you and your gender.

Substrate for parquet and laminate

Parlelex NPE 2, 3

Substrate for parquet and laminate-based line of materials - PenoHome

Parlelex NPE LPND Floores

Parquet Parquet Materials and Penopremium Line

Modern construction Materials Allow you quickly repair and get functional, beautiful and diverse interior solutions.

And, if we talk about the choice of flooring, then materials such as parquet and laminate make it possible to carry out repairs associated with the flooring quickly, efficiently and even independently. For laying a modern parquet board or laminate, special skills are required, and thanks to the unique design of the castle, the quality of such works will always be at the height.

However, the quality of the floor in terms of durability and operational characteristics will be determined not only by the accuracy of laying the laminate, but also the preparation of the surface, which can use a concrete screed or, so-called liquid floor.

Substrate for a parquet board. Features of choice

It is also very desirable that a specialized foamed substrate for laminate is used as a gasket between the screed and decorative coating.

Operational properties and features of a sheet substrate

Our catalog presents several types of substrates for laminate or parquet made on the basis of foamed polyethylene. Such a foamed substrate allows not only to significantly simplify the process of laying a laminate or parquet, but also gives the floor unique performance:

• the substrate for laminate lines minor screed defects, contributes to the elimination of distortions in the finished floor design;
• such a sheet substrate is capable of significantly improving the soundproofing properties of the floor;
• the low thermal conductivity of the substrate for a parquet board and laminate contributes to increasing the thermal insulation properties of the room, which means it will save on energy;
• sheetting substrate for Floores laminate does not absorb moisture, and its ribbed structure contributes to natural ventilation and dry space under a laminate or parquet even in case of random injection of water or incomplete drying of the screed before laying coating;
• the substrate for laminate from foamed polyethylene (NPE substrate) is not afraid of significant temperature drops, which allows it to apply it in the premises of any destination.

Technology laying the substrate under the parquet board

The substrate for a parquet board or laminate presented in our catalog is supplied in rolls 1 meter wide and from 10 to 50 meters long, which allows you to buy such a substrate at the rate of the room area and not spend money on extra material.

Laying such a substrate, pre-sliced \u200b\u200bon the band necessary length, is made to the surface of the screed.

At the joints, the substrate for parquet or laminate can be attached to the screed using bilateral tape, sometimes the joints are sampled along the upper side of the substrate, which helps to eliminate its offset during the installation process of the floor covering. To ensure the possibility of natural ventilation and preventing moisture accumulation in space under a laminate or parquet between walls and substrate, there is a technological gap in the range of 5-8 mm.

Thanks to the substrate, it is possible to improve the performance of Paretamarket is one of the most popular outdoor coatings. But its laying requires an ideally smooth surface. But even a visually smooth floor has some defects. That is why use the substrate. It allows you to smooth out small defects and carries other useful and necessary functions.

Parquet substrate functions

Laying the substrate for parquet is a mandatory event that provides normal floor operation. The lining carries a number of functions that relate to both ease of use and the quality of the parquet board. Without the presence of a substrate, the floor will quickly come into disrepair.

With the support of the substrate you can make the floor from the parquet board to more even and warm

Parquet lining functions:

1. Hides all small defects and unevenness of the floor.
2. Heat insulation. In the manufacture of substrates, materials are used that poorly misses heat. Because of this, the locomotive temperature is maintained.
3. Sound insulation function. Any movement on the floor, walking, the work of the technique absorbs the lining.
4. Waterproofing. Thanks to it, the negative effect of moisture is eliminated.

These are the main lining features. Based on the material of the manufacture, the substrate is characterized by other qualities. These include durability, naturalness, reliability, refractory.

Many when choosing a material for lining rely on the price. But it must be borne in mind that cheap options may have high toxicity.

Naturalness can only boast only one type of substrate. Almost all types of chemical origin are isolated toxins when heated. Durability is also not included in the characteristics of some lining.

What kind of substrate is better under parquet board: basic views

When choosing a parquet as an outdoor coating, you need to have a perfectly smooth floor. But even it does not guarantee the durability of the parquet and even the smallest defects lead to a spurious flooring and the floor begins to play. It creates a lot of inconveniences, both residents of the house and neighbors who begin to clearly hear any movement. That is why it is advised to lay a substrate under the parquet. The market presents different types, and determine which lining it is better to use only in detail with each species.

Article on the topic: Choose to the hallway for shoes

Substrate for a parquet board may differ in thickness, color and quality

Types of substrates:

• Cork;
• Foil;
• Polyethylene;
• Polypropylene;
• Tomplex;
• Parkolag.

Cork under the parquet board is a traditional option. In addition, this is the only environmentally friendly lining material. This is the most optimal view for the substrate.

Advantages of cork lining:

• Guaranteed sound insulation;
• Retains heat;
• Environmentally friendly material.

The only drawback is the instability to the action of moisture. Under the influence of water, the cork begins to swell. Also, for a good service such a substrate, you need to take care of its thickness, which should be at least 2 mm. Otherwise, the plug will begin to crumble, and the parquet diverge.

Before laying a cork option, you must install vapor barrier. Some options are sold complete with it, which simplifies the installation of the substrate.

Foil substrate provide the necessary insulating properties. The foil layer is usually applied to polyethylene lining. Its optimal installation when the laminate is placed on rigid lags.

Polyeneetylene version will delight low cost and availability. In operation, he is unpretentious than and deserved its popularity. The thickness for the parquet is 2 mm.

Pluses Polynevenylene:

• Moisture-resistant;
• Has all the insulating properties;
• Resistant to chemical impacts and does not rot.

Putting the substrate under the parquet, you will improve its thermal insulation properties

But there are also disadvantages of this material. It is not natural, flammable, not durable. Over time, he begins to settle that it is superimposed on the state of the laminate.

Polystnipropylene is characterized by toxicity and the possibility of rapid ignition. This option is not suitable for residential premises. At the same time there are some common features with the previous option. But there are also distinctive features.

Polysto foam fastened faster and has more toxicity than polyurethethylene. The service life of this material is also inferior. After 7-10 years, it will turn into dust. Its price is quite cheap, but operational qualities do not allow you to install such a gasket in the apartment.

Article on the topic: Natural tile

Parkolag is a good option for installing the substrate. But when heated, it can highlight toxic substances. This is due to the fact that in the manufacture of parking uses bitumen mastic.

Among the advantages of the material is worth noting good performance. Also please and the price of such a lining. But due to the toxicity of the material, the lives of residents of the house can be dangerous.

Tomples - a multi-layer lining that is the most optimal option. Thanks to three layers, all the substrate functions are carried out. At the same time, it is installed on a concrete tie. Thanks to the average moisture layer, it is evaporated and evaporates.

Properties of each layer of Tuprel:

1. The lower part is a porous film. It fastens the middle layer and passes the fluid inside.
2. The middle part protrudes in the form of small balls that retain the form of the substrate. Also, thanks to them, the ventilation function occurs.
3. Top layer - polyethylene. It provides vaporizolation.

Now there is a popular coniferous substrate on the market. it natural material, But its thickness does not allow to use such a lining under parquet. If problems with laminate occur, all responsibility will remain on the buyer.

Basic lining parameters: Parquet boards with a substrate

This question should be interested in everyone who decided to install a parquet at home. It is the thickness that affects the quality of the substrate and the floor. You need to figure it out more detail in this parameter.

Before laying a substrate to the floor, it is worth thoroughly clean it from garbage

The lining thickness should not be too large or small. The height of the drop is 3 mm for 2 cm. Such a digit is due to the possibility of shrinkage of the material and the irregularities of the floors. The minimum lining thickness is 2 mm.

Soft linings are mounted with pressure. If their size is large, the height differences will appear. Because of this, parquet boards will begin to disperse, the gaps will appear and the floor will begin to creak. But such problems will arise some time after using the laminate.

Before mounting a parquet board, a substrate is placed on the base, which allows you to eliminate the minor drops of the screed in height and additionally serves as a heat and sound insulation material.

Depending on the type of base, different types of substrates are applied. So, for concrete, any materials are suitable for concrete, and on the draft wooden flooring laid breathable products.

Consider what types are used in the finishing works:

Foamed notchy polyethylene

This material is considered the most inexpensive. It is used when laying boards on concrete plates Overlapping. Fast polyethylene is an excellent way to arrange on the basis of not only the substrate, but also high-quality waterproofing. It is made by a handle in rolls.

Pluses are simple installation with which even newcomer will cope with the finish and low cost.

Cons - Over time, the material loses elasticity and pushes. In addition, when exposed ultraviolet rays Fast polyethylene destroys.

Manufacturers supply several types of products from nonstuted polyethylene:

• without cover;
• with applying a layer of polymers;
• with a foil basis;
• with a metallized reflective layer.

Laying sheets are made with a sickling scotch.

Several manufacturers are engaged in the manufacture of nonstone polyethylene: "Isopac", "Plenail", "Penolan", "Isolon", "Isopol".

Stitched polyethylene

It is made in the form of rolls. The structure of the material is closed. Used to lay on concrete bases.

Stitched polyethylene differ in the method of cohesion of the material:

• chemical. Polyethylene is heated in special furnaces with the addition of chemical reagents, allowing to sew and foaming the structure. The thickness of such a 4-15 mm material;
• physical. Particularly durable material with a service life of 15 years. It has lower thermal conductivity than nonstained materials. Thickness 0.5-15 mm.

Release stitched polyethylene sheets low pressure and low-density linear polyethylene in the form of single-layer products, self-adhesive canvases, metalized coating, and foil base.

Manufacturers: "Polyfom", "Foam-P", "Tatfoum", "Cellon 500", "Penzhen".

Products made of extruded polystyrene foams do not let moisture, so they will not suit wooden bases. It is best to lay them on a screed or bulk floors.

Polystyrene substrates are more expensive than polyethylene products, but have higher strength, heat and sound insulation.

Release in the form of roll material, sliced \u200b\u200bplates or "accordion". Additionally, reflective layers may be applied to the basis of polystyrene foam. Manufacturers: "Balterio", "Solid", "Baumaster", "Bonkeel", "Vintage", "Arbiton".

Coniferous substrate

It is produced in the form of mats made from pressed fibers of wood coniferous wood. It has a light green shade. The basis of the substrate is paper impregnated with moisture-resistant composition.

The level of noise absorption is high, good indicators when loading on compression. The peculiarities of this material include the need to lay jacks perpendicular to the lines of the parquet board locks, which implies an increased consumption of an expensive substrate.

The minuses also include low material resistance to the appearance of mold, sharp smell and the possibility of manifestation of allergies at the residents of the house.

Manufacturers: "Isoplat", "Stayko". Read more about this substrate.

Construction cardboard

Designed for mounting the board on the phaneer or wooden base, is also suitable for laying warm floors. It is performed by separate sheets or rolls, it is possible to apply a foil layer.

The material is impregnated with the compositions of the water repulsive. The density is high, but sound insulation properties are low. Not suitable for flooring in wet rooms.

Installation of sheets is based on scotch sickling.

Cork substrates

Products based on pressed elements of cork wood are produced as separate sheets or rolls. This environmentally friendly material is considered the best option for laying parquet or laminate, but its cost is higher than all other types of substrates.

Cork substrates are perfectly withstanding the load without changing the initial thickness. Life of at least 50 years. The cork does not rot, does not deteriorate insect, has low flammability and high thermal insulation and sound insulation qualities, easily fit. We wrote more about this type of substrate.

In places with high humidity, bitumen-cork or rubber-cork substrates are used.

The new material is designed for floor coatings that are placed by a floating method. Consists of 3 layers. The basis is the perforated membrane, in the middle there is granulated expanded polystyrene, upper layer - polyethylene film. For cohesion of individual sheets, side valves are provided.

The thickness of the product is 3 mm. "Tompleks" perfectly copes with high static and dynamic loads, has increased sound insulation and can be used when a warm flooring device.

Criterias of choice

When choosing a substrate for a parquet board, you should focus on several basic criteria:

Thickness

When it is necessary to determine the thickness of the bedroom layer, many think that the maximum thickness is preferable - the floor becomes warmer, and sound insulation rises. If we consider the issue on the basis of the laws of physics, everything is true - a warm and soundproof floor can be made due to laying a thick layer, but here it is necessary to take into account the operation of the floor covering during the load.

The thicker the lining under the finish coating, the higher the amplitude of the oscillation during the load.

According to GOST, this indicator should not exceed 2-3 mm, which provides a substrate of the same thickness, but if you have a double layer of 4-6 mm, the amplitude will increase by double, which will cause a break of the castle connections.

Given the negative impact of the thickness of the connecting locks, for the parquet, the ideal option is a thickness of no more than 3 mm.

Cost

Substrates with low costs are usually used at laminate flooring. This is due to the period of operation of the coating that does not exceed 15 years, then it is necessary to completely change the laminate and the substrate.

Parquet was formed from 50 years, so cheap and short-lived options cannot be chosen.

From durable materials usually choose cork, coniferous or bitumen-cork products.

Durability

Durability is similar to the value criterion. For parquet, you should choose durable and durable products from cork or needles.

Insulating properties

The ability of the substrate isolate coating from sounds and cold air depends on the base material. On concrete or bulk sex, it is better to lay a cork or bitumen-cork substrate. On wood or fane is better to lay coniferous material.

What and in what case it is better to choose

What a substrate for a parquet board is better dependent on operating conditions.

Councils of the finishing department:

• for the equipment of the finishing flooring on the first floor, it is better to choose 3 mm material with enhanced thermal insulation, for example "Parkolag";
• if a wooden flooring protrudes as the basis, the best substrate Under the parquet board will be coniferous sheets;
• for the children's room, "Steico Underfloor" will fit, which perfectly extinguishes noise;
• for individual buildings, Eco-Cover or 2 mm Tuplex is suitable for individual buildings;
• in rooms with high humidity (entrance hall in a private house) it is better to lay bitumen-cork products;
• in other cases, it is recommended to use materials that are optimal at the ratio of value and characteristics, for example, "Izosum", "Aberof", "Solid".

How to lay a substrate for parquet

To put a substrate for a parquet, you need to perform the following actions:

1. Clear concrete base from garbage and dust.
2. Put waterproofing. Polyethylene film must be laid mustine. Shakes are sickling with scotch. The edges of the film are breeding onto a height of 100 mm.
3. The substrate from elastic materials is laid out with the edge plant on the walls. Cork and conifer sheets laid the jack, leaving the gap from the vertical surfaces in 10 mm.
4. The joints of the canvas are sickling.
5. All products, with the exception of conifers, unfold as the parquet board laying. It is impossible to walk along labeling sheets.

The feature of the laying of parquet flooring is that under it it is necessary to be created a layer of the substrate in the event that the installation is carried out by a floating method. The article we will talk about why such a layer is necessary, about its independence and what kind of substrate to choose under the parquet board, so that the coating light and efficiently.

Purpose of the substrate

If the owner decided to lay the parquet in his house, then first of all he should take care of bringing the basis for the optimal state. Regardless of how hard the worker processed the draft floor, the unevenness will remain and eliminate them. Because of their presence, under the parquet flooring, emptiness is formed, capable of covering the ambulance, which is unacceptable, since any visual manifestations will spoil the impression of guests or people who have seen room in photos published on social networks.

First of all, after the wrong installation of the parquet, the disadvantages will appear in the form of a backlash - a gap, which creates characteristic sounds when walking along the floor surface. Any knock on parquet flooring lead to the spread of sound for a long distance.

Avoid such flaws of the floor is quite simple. If a high-quality substrate for a parquet will be used, any roughness of the draft floor will be coordinated, the depreciation characteristics will increase, and any noises from shocks and stinks on parquet flooring will be softened.

Invalid stereotypes about the substrate

Many owners of their own housing, there has been a certain opinion about whether the substrate is needed under the parquet board and what should be its features. Basically, they do not correspond to reality and therefore it is necessary to refute each so that the rest of the buyers do not allow mistakes when choosing a substrate under parquet.

Consider the main stereotypes:

• The efficiency of the substrate depends on its thickness. Do not think that the substrate will soften movement over the surface and will reduce the load. In fact, it is not. According to the rules of the amplitude of irregularities, the base under the parquet should not exceed 2 millimeters per meter. For example, polyethylene or cork material is strongly compressed under load, and therefore, with an increase in thickness, the amplitude of the surface levels is growing. As mentioned earlier, too large surface level differences will lead to the formation of the backlash and ambulance. The most negative will be the impact on the joints between the floorboard floors. The first negative manifestations excessive the thickness of the parquet board with the substrate will give 2-3 months after commissioning (read: ""). It is optimal to use a layer of a 2 millimeter substrate. Naturally, the maximum efficiency of the substrate of such thickness will be achieved only with the appropriate alignment of the draft floor.
• When using the substrate, you can eliminate any variables of rough base. Again, this is a unreasonable bottomless statement. The feature of the substrate is that its structure completely repeats all the elevations and recesses of the foundation. Receiving the perfectly level basis is necessary with the help of various self-leveling mixtures, plaster sheets or fan-resistant moisture.
• Sheetted substrate is the best option. Sheet substrate does not dominate by one of the indicators over the rolled variety of material.

Varieties of the substrate

On the modern construction market, you can find many types of substrates under parquet flooring.

Consider in more detail the features of the main species:

1. Polyeneetylene. The most common look is the substrate based on foam polyethylene. The advantage of this material in increased resistance to the chemical exposure of various substances. Such a layer is absolutely indifferent to the formation of mold, fungi, reproduction and influence of bacteria, moisture, etc. The lack of such a material lies in excessive flammability and reversibility of the polymerization process. If the first can be avoided by complying with the basic safety regulations when laying the material, the second drawback causes a limited life of a polyethylene substrate. Under the influence of sunlight and oxygen, the polymer decomposes and turns into a powdered composition with the loss of all the positive properties inherent in it. To achieve the most long life of such a substrate, it is recommended that it is recommended to storing it under parquet in a dark dry place without drafts.
2. Foil. The substrate with a foil layer is an excellent material that does not simply ensures the reliability of the parquet flooring, and also increases its noise, hydro and heat-insulating characteristics. At a minimum, such material is recommended for use as a basis for laying a system of infrared warm floor. The foil layer most often has a polyethylene film under a parquet board based on the lag with a rigid fastening.
3. Cork. A similar cork substrate under the parquet board is represented by the bark of oak, which was crushed and pressed. The material used is genuine wood, which is absolutely harmless to the human body. The main advantages of such a substrate is that it is not subjected to the processes of rotting, the formation of mold, and also has excellent heat and noise insulating characteristics. The most efficient quality of the layer is preserved during long-term operation. It is important to know that only a flooded scial is not allowed to lay the cork substrate. Under it, it is necessary to organize a waterproofing layer of thick polyethylene.

There is a type of this material created on the basis of a synthetic substance (rubber). The main advantage of such a layer in sound insulation and vibrations from working household appliances.

1. Bitumen-cork (Parkolag). This substrate is created from the wrapping paper of high strength treated with a bitumen mixture, with the application of cork crumbs. The advantage of it in a long service life, excellent sound insulation characteristics, high protection against moisture. Laying is carried out by a layer of applied plug down. The lack of such a material is that it highlights formaldehyde during operation.
2. Composite materials (Tuplex). The three-layer substrate for a parquet board of Tomples is created from the layer of film represented with the pores through which the moisture comes above to the layer of special balls that provide a uniform distribution based on the base. Heart all this polyethylene film, designed to improve the waterproofing characteristics. It is best to use such a substrate with high humidity and a bad drying of a parquet board. However, the possibilities of such a coating are a reason for using a low-quality floor covering, because visually and in the photo its drawbacks will be visible to everyone. See also: "".

Outcome

Based on the foregoing, it can be concluded that two types of substrate are most reliable and durable: Cork and Tuplex. In the event of difficulties in laying a substrate or its choice, it is recommended to refer to specialists who will take responsibility for all stages of work.