How to make ventilation in the bath: device methods. Ventilation in a bath: the correct device based on ready-made examples How to make a hood in a sauna correctly

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The correct implementation of the appropriate design improves the operational characteristics of the facility and ensures a high level of safety and comfort. Properly designed ventilation will help extend the life of the building. After reading this article, you will find out if ventilation is needed in the bath, you will be able to create the necessary structure with my own hands... Here you will find information about materials and individual components, assembly and construction technologies. Professional advice will help eliminate mistakes and cut costs.

Good ventilation is one of the most important components of a good sauna.

To accurately determine the parameters of the project, it is necessary to clarify its purpose. Creation for a bath allows you to solve the following practical problems:

an influx of fresh air;
combustion products, carbon dioxide, other harmful substances are removed;
destructive processes of decay and corrosion are prevented.

Of course, the operation of this system should not worsen other consumer characteristics of the building. For example, if the intake of cold air is excessive, the cost of maintaining a high temperature will increase.

This checklist will help you figure out how to make ventilation in such a way as not to miss important points:

Determine the air path (duct and indoor).
Find out how to arrange ventilation in different rooms buildings.
It is necessary to take into account the combined effect of ventilation and heating, the features of the wall materials and other characteristics of the building.
It is necessary to find out what components and finished products are useful for creating an effective modern ventilation system.

How high-quality ventilation works in a bath: scheme and device, features of different rooms

For electrical wiring, a suitable cable is used, which provides reliable insulation even when immersed in liquid. The switch is installed in a recreation room, or in another room with a normal humidity level.

For ventilation in the sink of the bath, you can use small window, or a special channel. In any case, it is necessary to configure the system in such a way as to exclude drafts. It is possible to combine the supply parts here and in the steam room to increase the air temperature, to ensure ventilation of the wooden flooring.

Ventilation design in the dressing room

In this room, the organization of fresh air access does not differ from a similar system in an ordinary living room. The use of natural and forced ventilation in various combinations is available. It must be remembered that hypothermia of the body provokes the occurrence of colds and other diseases.

For your information! Log houses have special capabilities. They create comfortable temperature conditions in rooms without special technical means due to the natural micro-ventilation of the walls. For intensive ventilation, you can open doors and windows.

Related article:

In a separate publication, you will learn about the most successful layouts of baths with an extension in the form of a veranda or terrace.

How to properly ventilate a bath: differences in buildings made of different materials

In this section, the architectural features of the structure are studied in detail. Proper ventilation in the bath should not provide negative impact into structural parts. Moreover, it creates favorable conditions for extending the service life without overhaul... In order not to make mistakes and not to commit unnecessary actions, the corresponding system must be created at the design stage. The example with a concrete foundation illustrates the convenience of installing holes using embedded parts. Drilling them into a frozen block will be difficult.

Frame construction

The gaps between the frame elements are filled mineral wool... It is covered with plastic wrap to prevent moisture ingress. Outside - install lining, with painting, other topcoats.

A similar structure can be created quickly, with minimal cost... For a light structure, a strong foundation is not needed. The multi-layer wall structure has low thermal conductivity, which reduces operating costs. In order not to break their tightness, ventilation channels in frame bath installed in advance, together with the installation of structural elements.

For your information! If we use foamed polyurethane boards, the cost of the project will increase slightly. But in this case you don't need special measures precautions. The insulating properties of these materials do not deteriorate in high humidity conditions.

Nuances that are taken into account when equipping a log house

To correctly determine the ventilation parameters in wooden bath the following features must be taken into account:

Buildings made from these materials are naturally ventilated. But its performance is not enough for a bath.
Supply and exhaust system designed to ensure rapid removal of moisture after the completion of a wellness session.
If forced ventilation is selected, the wiring will be carried out taking into account the proximity of combustible materials. The rules of specialized regulations should be followed exactly.
Treatment with anti-rotting agents and other chemicals is performed carefully in order to exclude them from entering the atmosphere of the premises. It is advisable not to use potentially hazardous substances to create decorative and protective coatings in washing and steam rooms.

For your information! Such buildings are installed on a strip foundation. The base of the floor is made of concrete. Holes in these elements are created at the stage of grouting.

Related article:

In a separate publication you will find interesting ideas for finishing steam rooms and rest rooms, as well as learn the main stages of installation.

Correct installation of ventilation in a brick house

Structures made of these materials are highly resistant to various external influences. They are able to withstand heavy loads without damage. They are not destroyed by temperature and humidity changes, harmful insects and microorganisms. In the absence of flammability, no special measures are needed when installing power supply routes.

In order not to use such heavy operations, the necessary passes are made during the masonry process. For the exact execution of work, marks are made in design documentation... At the stage of project preparation, the parameters and lines of installation of power grids are determined.

Application of bastu for a bath: diagram, operation

This technology has been used in Sweden for hundreds of years. It provides efficient ventilation of rooms without electric drives. An additional advantage is the economical consumption of thermal energy.

The figure shows a system for two rooms. In the steam room, air is supplied to the space under the oven. With the help of a special casing, the basic principle of the technology is realized: "inverted glass". The heated air flow under pressure enters the rooms. Outlet ducts - as in the standard version, through ducts, with a fence from the lower parts of the rooms. The use of ventilation bastu in a Russian bath will allow you to quickly dry the floors. Note the separate inflow installed in the break room. With the help of a metered supply of cold / warm air, it is possible to maintain comfortable temperature conditions at any time of the year.

Ventilation device in the bath: selection and correct use of the main components of the structure

Before proceeding to the study of individual elements, it should be noted the principles of operation of different types of ventilation:

When choosing forced ventilation, it is necessary to correctly use the appropriate electrically driven technology.

Window in the bath: where to locate, what are the requirements for materials

When choosing suitable products, take into account climatic conditions in the region. For the northern regions, triple glass units are installed, which have good insulating characteristics... If plastic frames are purchased, check the number of cameras.

To eliminate fogging, you can use the data in the following table. The values in it correspond to the outside temperature at which droplets of moisture condense on the inside of the glasses:

Indoor temperature, ° C	Humidity, %
	20	30	40	60	80	100
0	-20	-15	-12	-6,9	-3,1	0
5	-15,8	-11	-7,5	-2,2	1,8	4,8
10	-11,8	-6,8	-2,8	2,7	6,8	10,1
15	-7,6	-2,5	-1,4	7,4	11,7	15,8
20	-3,7	1,8	5,9	11,8	16,3	20,1
25	-0,4	6,1	10,4	16,6	21,2	24,8

When choosing an installation site, the dimensions of the unit are entered in the opening with the following gaps:

bottom: from 40 to 60 mm;
top: 15 to 25 mm;
on the sides: from 15 to 25 mm.

It is necessary to take into account the significant change in the size of the opening in the wooden structure. To prevent damage to the frame, special damping elements are installed. V brick buildings no such precautions are needed. Free opening of the leaves must be ensured. If necessary, install other curtains from the inside.

For your information! To avoid heat damage and to prevent a deterioration in the composition of the atmosphere, windows are not installed in the steam room.

Video: do-it-yourself window installation technology in the bath

Suitable fan parameters

The forced system is installed with a large area of \ u200b \ u200bthe premises. It will be needed in a building made of bricks, or other materials that do not allow air to pass through.

When choosing a fan for a bath, check the following parameters:

To calculate the productivity, multiply by 5. The stock (20-40%) is added taking into account the characteristics of a particular room.
The casings and impellers of high-quality specialized equipment are made of polymers (composite materials) that are resistant to high temperatures and ultraviolet radiation.
Rubber gaskets reduce noise and the negative impact of vibration on the integrity of the structure.
The shaft is mounted on durable ball bearings, which perform their functions fully without lubrication and other routine procedures.
All electrical components are reliably protected from moisture.
When equipped, it prevents air movement in the opposite direction when the equipment is turned off.

The video below explains the DIY fan installation process. This instruction can be used for the installation of equipment in a bath, bathroom, toilet.

Varieties of valves for ventilation ducts

The back ventilation valve for the bath does not let the cold air outside. Similar phenomena can occur, for example, in strong winds. The figure shows that the damper is moved by the counterweight. There are no electric drives or other complex assemblies here, which explains the relatively low cost.

Valves are selected taking into account different needs:

The corresponding modifications are designed for vertical or horizontal installation.
They produce special products for round and square air ducts.
To increase resistance to corrosion processes, metal valves are coated with a zinc layer.
Some models are specially designed for working together with a fan.

Installing a vent in the bath

The optimal air path helps to determine the correct installation parameters for the inlet and outlet. If the air vents in the bath are set at the same level, the required effect of uniform heating will not be obtained. The stream will be directed along the shortest path, creating a draft. It is also recommended to consider the following points when planning:

Nice, high temperature resistant diffusers

Article

Going to the bathhouse is not only one of the ways to wash, but also to remove accumulated toxins and harmful substances from the body. The health-improving effect of the bath can be felt if the ventilation holes are properly arranged and the air is constantly renewed. Correctly mounted ventilation in the bath is the first necessity. Without it, musty, stagnant air violates the microclimate in the steam room and, together with high humidity, provokes the formation of fungi and mold.

Arrangement of exhaust and supply structures in the washing part of the bath and the steam room allows you to keep the building in its original form, to protect it from premature aging, wear and decay. Ventilation is quite easy to assemble with your own hands, if you adhere to some rules.

Positive aspects of good ventilation

Ventilation plays a huge role in bath rooms equipped with solid fuel and gas ovens... During operation of such devices, an impressive volume of air is required in order to maintain combustion. The lack of a ventilation system, as a result - an excess of carbon dioxide, can provoke oxygen starvation of people.

Ignorant self-taught sauna masters try to isolate the premises as carefully as possible in order to increase the heating rate and keep the heat for a long time. To do this, they close everything, even the smallest cracks, insulate the doorway so that a cold air stream does not enter inside. But this is a fundamentally wrong approach to arranging a bath, ventilation holes must be present. ventilation system promotes:

creating the right microclimate;
decrease in humidity;
getting rid of carbon dioxide;
elimination of unpleasant, musty air;
fast warming up of the room;
getting rid of mold and disease-causing fungi;
preservation interior decoration;
quick draining and getting rid of excess moisture.

As you can see, constant circulation of air masses in the bath rooms is really necessary. In order to qualitatively mount ventilation in a bath, you need to familiarize yourself with its varieties and installation schemes.

Types of ventilation systems

Ventilation structures are distinguished by the type of device. The following types are commonly used:

natural;
forced (mechanical);
combined.

Natural ventilation

For good natural ventilation of the room, even during construction, special openings are provided through which air exchange takes place. They are equipped with special covers or dampers so that, if necessary, the circulation of air masses can be stopped.

The basis of this type of ventilation system is the pressure and temperature difference between the street and inside baths. The effectiveness of this method lies in the correct location of the vents. The place for air intake is usually located behind the stove 0.3 m from the floor, and for extension - on the opposite wall about 0.3 m from the ceiling.

This option for providing ventilation for the steam room is not entirely suitable. Ventilation in the steam room must be arranged in such a way that the outlet is at the same level as the inlet. The incoming air heats up, passing through the oven, rises upward, and then the cooled air goes down and enters the exhaust hole. All vents can be closed if necessary to keep warm.

The effectiveness of this method can be increased by lowering the second hole closer to the floor and installing fans, but this option will already be considered mechanical.

Forced ventilation

Mechanical ventilation of the room is carried out by installing special fans on the vents. This contributes to a fairly rapid air renewal, which is indispensable in a room such as a washing room. This ventilation method is convenient when the steam in the bath is pumped in by a special device, its excess is easily removed.

An artificial ventilation system has a number of advantages over a natural one:

It is possible to filter the incoming air.
The microclimate is constantly maintained at a given level.
The heated air masses are distributed evenly.

The forced ventilation system in terms of its qualities is much higher than the natural one. However, in any case, it is necessary to pay attention to the correct location of the ventilation ducts.

Ventilation holes: layouts

How to make ventilation in a bath correctly is an interesting question. There are several different schemes arrangement of exhaust and supply ducts.

Scheme 1

Both openings (inlet and outlet) are located on the same wall opposite the stove. Air enters from an outlet located about 0.3 m from the floor, and exits into the second, located 0.3 m from the ceiling. Cold air masses entering the room are heated from the stove, rise up and, having made a circle, are pulled out. This scheme is very convenient if only one wall of the steam room faces the street.

Scheme 2

Sometimes the oven itself (the stove) is used as a hood. This ventilation option works only with a constant heating stove and functions according to the following principle:

the supply channel is located at the bottom opposite the heater;
exhaust work is performed by the blower and the chimney;
the air that gets into the bath warms up, rises up;
having made a semicircle, the cooled air masses go down, then go out into the street from the chimney.

Scheme 3

The following diagram shows how to make ventilation in a steam room with a slatted (flowing) floor. In such a room, only one air outlet is installed. It is located behind the stove. With this arrangement of the ventilation system, the cooled air descends through the grate into the basement, from where it is sent outside through the chimney raised to the roof.

Such a ventilation system allows you to simultaneously establish correct air exchange and dry the floor. This method significantly increases the service life of the wood coating.

Ventilation in the Russian bath

For a Russian steam room, where steam was always prepared manually, none of the forced ventilation schemes is suitable. With this arrangement of ventilation openings, all healthy steam, which is hardly prepared, will escape. You can freshen up such a room by simply ventilating it or by equipping a small grate at the bottom of the door.

Turkish bath ventilation

The ventilation of such a steam room must be very effective. A Turkish bath or hammam has almost 100% humidity generated by steam generators. Therefore, in an hour of operation, the air in the room must be changed several times.

Another feature of such a bath is education a large number condensate, which must also be discharged. For this, special air dryers are installed in the exhaust pipes.

Ventilation in a brick bath

The peculiarity of a brick bath is in the material from which it is made. Brick is quite hygroscopic and absorbs moisture easily. Without high-quality ventilation, such a bath will very quickly become unusable and you will have to dry not only the interior decoration elements, but also the walls.

In such rooms, the inflow and outflow of air must be very active. The vents are equipped in such a way that it is possible to regulate the flows.

Features of the ventilation system in the bath

Now it is more or less clear how the ventilation system should work. But you need to take into account other points, the ventilation system should not:

violate temperature regime in room;
allow a cold stream to the ceiling;
remove fresh air, but only already exhausted.

If you pay attention to all the specified subtleties, follow the suggested tips, then it is not difficult to build a ventilation system with your own hands. This will significantly save money, because the call of the master will cost a pretty decent amount.

Among the most important indicators of the Russian bath, the temperature and humidity level of the air are traditionally called, forgetting about another fundamental indicator - air exchange. This is very reckless, because even if you carefully insulate the room and achieve comfortable humidity, being in a steam room with musty air will not only be uncomfortable, but also dangerous. If you want to avoid such a fate, take care of ventilation in the steam room in advance. You can even equip such a system with your own hands - let's take a closer look at how to do it correctly.

Why ventilation is needed in a Russian bath?

Before proceeding to a description of the features of the direct technological process, first, let us clarify why ventilation in the steam room is necessary at all. It is no secret that many skeptics consider its arrangement only an unjustified waste of time and money, but this is far from the case - the absence of a ventilation system can lead to at least three sharply negative consequences.

Types of ventilation systems for steam rooms

There are three types of ventilation in the steam room:

natural;
mechanical;
combined.

The natural system assumes that air circulation is ensured by the difference in pressure and temperature levels in the steam room and outside. The principle of operation here is simple: first, hot air rises to the upper zone of the steam room, and then leaves through the exhaust hole to the street, thereby discharging the atmosphere in the bath, and this creates conditions for drawing in new air through the inlet. The advantage of such ventilation is minimal financial costs. But here you need to take into account one nuance: with insufficient insulation of the structure, the natural air duct will be an obstacle to high-quality heating of the bath.

Mechanical ventilation functions by means of special devices that control the exit of exhaust air and the supply of new air flows to the steam room. As a rule, various kinds of fans act as such devices. The advantage of the mechanical system is that ventilation equipment can be installed in almost any area of the room.

Advice. A classic duct fan is not suitable for a bath, since it will not withstand the harsh conditions of a steam room - here it is better to use special models made of glass-filled polyamide that can withstand high temperatures - up to 130 degrees.

Combined ventilation combines elements of both natural and mechanical systems. It functions in this way: mechanical devices are responsible for extracting the exhaust air, and fresh air enters through a separate inlet.

Ventilation schemes

There are at least five working ventilation schemes that can be used in a steam room - choose a specific option based on them design features your Russian bath.

The inlet is behind the stove at a distance of 50 cm from the heater, and the exhaust outlet is opposite, at a distance of 20 cm from the base of the floor. The air is removed forcibly - this is provided by a fan built into the lower opening.
The inlet is behind the heating device at a distance of 30 cm from the base of the floor, the exhaust outlet is at a distance of 20 cm from the floor on the opposite wall. The air is forced out by means of a fan. main feature circuits - very high heating rate of fresh air.

Both openings - both flow and exhaust - are located on one side directly opposite the stove, but on different levels: the first - at a distance of 30 cm from the base of the floor, the second - 20 cm from the ceiling. The system operates using a fan that is mounted in an exhaust outlet.

Advice. Such a scheme is suitable for baths with internal placement of the steam room - when the room has only one external side.

The inlet is behind the stove at a height of 20 cm from the base of the floor. There is no exhaust hole - instead, a special flowing floor is provided: the spent air masses pass through its slots to the ventilation pipe. Such a system guarantees the performance of an additional function - rapid drying of the floor.
The inlet opening is opposite the stove at a distance of 20 cm from the base of the floor. The role of the exhaust hole is assigned to the blower. This scheme is suitable only for those baths where heater works continuously.

General rules for organizing ventilation in the steam room

Whichever version of the ventilation system you choose, you need to equip it according to certain rules.

Firstly, it is advisable to make all the holes for ventilation even at the stage of building a bath, since punching channels in an already finished structure is a very difficult process. The ideal option is to decide on a suitable scheme during the design of a Russian bath in order to timely make all the necessary edits to the work plan.

Secondly, the dimensions of the exhaust outlet should be approximately the same as the dimensions of the inlet opening. In any case, the "outlet" should not be less than the "inlet", otherwise it will be impossible to ensure a full outflow of exhaust air from the steam room. And in order to speed up this process, it is allowed to increase the dimensions of the exhaust opening and even equip two "exits" in one room.

Thirdly, in order to regulate the air flow in the steam room, all ventilation openings must be equipped with special dampers or shutters. They will be useful to you in several situations: when heating the steam room, when the vents will need to be covered to quickly raise the temperature to the required level, as well as in the frosty season, when cold air will actively strive into a warm room.

Fourthly, the cross-section of the ventilation hole should correspond to the area of the steam room in the proportion: 1 cubic meter. m area - 24 cm section. If the holes are small, the room air will not be able to quickly renew itself.

Of course, organizing ventilation in a bath with your own hands is not an easy task. But it is fundamentally necessary: without air exchange, you can forget about the comfort, safety and durability of the steam room. Now you know the main rules and subtleties of this work - if you adhere to them unswervingly, you will definitely be able to make a high-quality ventilation system even without professional help.

Bath ventilation: video

Providing ventilation in the bath: photo

Ventilation in a sauna from a log: you should approach its arrangement very responsibly, so that later there would be less trouble and there would be no situations when someone became ill in the steam room due to the lack of sufficient oxygen.

Ventilation is mounted in parallel with the construction of the building itself, and the choice of one or another of its types is made in accordance with the architectural features of the building.

Ventilation in the bath, made at a high quality level, provides comfortable conditions for steam lovers, allows you to fully enjoy the bath process

On a note! Ventilation in the bath, made at a high quality level, provides comfortable conditions for steam lovers, allows you to fully enjoy the bath process.

Why ventilation in the bath

To answer the question, why, in fact, ventilation in the bath, you should know its direct purpose.

If in a steam room, others bath rooms there is an air circulation system, they:

warm up faster, heat fills them more evenly (direct savings on heating);
get oxygen while vaping, vacationers feel comfortable, nothing threatens their health;
quickly get rid of excess steam, moisture, dry out;
walls, floor, ceiling are not covered with fungi, mold, objects (benches, tubs) do not darken, the building as a whole does not deform, it will stand longer.

If the room is not sufficiently ventilated or is not ventilated at all, unpleasant putrid odors appear there, the inner surfaces are covered with damp sticky bloom... While taking bath procedures, vacationers experience a lack of oxygen, difficulty breathing, and risk poisoning carbon monoxide... Also, in the absence of proper air circulation, warm masses will quickly accumulate under the ceiling, and the area near the floor will be constantly cold.

However, you should also know the following: a bathhouse of a classic Russian construction, that is, made of logs, specially cut ventilation holes ... is not provided! They are recognized by professionals as superfluous, but only in one case: if the bath is not insulated with anything inside or outside, it is not isolated, it does not get off. In a bath without finishing, the lower wall crowns are already laid with holes through which air enters in a natural mode. If there is a heater-stove inside, then ventilation is carried out through a blower. And so fresh air is admitted into the Russian bath through a door or window open by five to seven centimeters. In parallel with this, the room must be cleaned of wet leaves in a timely manner, the benches are dried on the street, and the heavy air is expelled by sweeping the sheets.

A specially built-in ventilation in a Russian bath from a log must be equipped in cases where:

there is additional insulation or any types of insulation;
floors do not have natural slots for draining water;

the stove is not in the steam room, but in an adjacent room;
no windows.

Important! Only in these cases is the presence of additional ventilation holes and forced circulation systems in the log bath recognized as mandatory.

Ventilation device: important points

Let us clarify once again: we are talking about arranging ventilation in a classic-built log bath only if its natural implementation (through the stove blown, window, door, cracks in the floor) is impossible. Quite often, during the construction of baths, two extremes are observed: they refuse ventilation at all, or make it more powerful and unregulated. What will happen to the guests in the steam room in the absence of ventilation, we said above. If the ventilation is too intensive, the bath will take longer to heat up, and the heat will quickly escape from the room. The floors will cool faster, which threatens people with colds.

Fresh air should enter the steam room through an opening located directly behind the stove or under one of the loungers. In the first case, hitting the hot stove, the air quickly warms up, the difference between the ceiling and floor temperatures is neutralized. The ventilation hole located under the lounger has only one plus - it is not conspicuous. There are two drawbacks here - constantly cold floors in the area of benches, difficulty in operating the shutter, since it is difficult to reach it with your hand.

Sauna ventilation cannot only be supply or only extract. It can be exclusively supply and exhaust, since it provides a constant flow of oxygen into the room and the removal of harmful, heavy, exhaust air to the street. Hence the answer to the question whether ventilation is needed in a log bath can only be in the affirmative. And about what types it is, we will talk below.

There are three types of ventilation structures, and they differ in their design.

Systems are:

natural;
mechanical or forced;
combined.

Natural ventilation is provided during the construction of the building by punching holes. They are equipped with dampers (covers), which, if necessary, block the flow of air flows completely or decrease (increase) their volume. This system functions due to the difference in pressure and temperature between the external and internal atmosphere. For natural ventilation to work effectively, the vents themselves need to be properly positioned. The inlet (supply) opening is usually located behind the stove at a distance of 0.3 meters from the floor, the outlet (exhaust) - opposite on the wall at a distance of 0.3 meters from the ceiling.

For a steam room, this is not the most the best way ventilation, since in this case the outlet must be on the same level with the inlet. Thus, the air enters behind the stove, heats up, rises upward, cools down, descends, and is discharged outside through the exhaust hole.

A mechanical or forced (artificial) ventilation system is provided by installing special fans on the openings, laying pipes, installing electrical equipment. If we compare it with natural, a number of rather significant advantages are found, namely:

Oxygen enters the room faster.
The incoming air is filtered.
The indoor microclimate is constantly kept at the same level.
Fresh air is evenly distributed and quickly renewed.

However, in order to maximize the effect of its use, you should strictly monitor the correct location of the inlet / outlet openings.

On a note! Natural ventilation in the bath from a log loses forced on several positions.

For example, it is very dependent on the weather, especially if a strong wind is directed towards the intake opening at an angle of ninety degrees. The result of the work of the forced system is always of the same quality in any weather. And the direction and strength of the wind does not play any role for her.

However, installing a mechanical system has its own challenges. It is impossible to equip it without electrical equipment, which is quite sensitive to the humid microclimate in a steam room with high temperatures... Moreover, moisture and high degrees are the worst enemies of any electrical equipment. Therefore, all elements of the system (fans, motors, etc.) should be reliably isolated from moisture, and when connecting it, strictly follow all operating rules. To seal electrical equipment, all seams, special housings, sealants and metallized tape are most often used.

Like any construction project, a Russian bath is being built according to the project. It is necessary to provide for the arrangement of ventilation for comfortable acceptance of procedures, achieving a health-improving effect, ensuring the durability of the structure of the bath itself.

Specificity of air ventilation in the bath

Ventilation in a Russian sauna from a bar with a stove, leaks between the laid logs and cracks between the threshold and the door occurs naturally. You don't need to think up anything extra. It is another matter if the room is constructed of brick, concrete, foam block, etc. The heat-shielding functions of wood are replaced by additional thermal insulation. Although, in a foam block bath, it retains heat no worse than in a wooden frame.

A modern building called a bathhouse is a zoned room, lined from the inside with the same eco-friendly wood. The Russian bath is distinguished by the generation of hot steam. Under its influence, the body secretes toxins, salts, washed off with water. For a long stay in the same steam room with a large crowd of people, you need fresh air.

Important! Proper ventilation in the bath must comply with the requirements of GOST 21.602-79 and SNiP 2.04.05-91 for heating, air conditioning and ventilation.

In particular, ensure complete air replacement at least twice every hour. Moreover, this is also relevant during the downtime of the structure: the damp surfaces inside must dry completely, the wood does not rot, and its appearance is preserved.

Ventilation in the bath and dressing room - channel layout

Thus, the ventilation device in the bath provides:

an additional source of heating for the dressing room when the hot air duct passes through it;
adjusting the speed of air flows (incoming and outgoing);
regulation of their movement: air should circulate from the steam room outside it, but not towards the dressing room or resting place;
correct installation of the hood (above the roof) for effective removal of vapors for any type of ventilation;
grating positioning: 0.5m from the topsoil at natural movement air, not less than 2m - with mechanical ventilation;
increased efficiency of air exchange when combined different types ventilation.

Air exchange in different zones

Dressing room

Ventilation in the dressing room when installing a stove in it is the simplest and most effective type of air exchange. Air is circulated through the firebox. But the proximity of the room to the steam room leads to the deposition of condensate on surfaces: walls, ceiling. To preserve the wood cladding, to prevent it from rotting, the dressing room is well insulated. Drafts are excluded. It is necessary to maintain the dimensions established by the norms: for 1 washable one, at least 1.3 sq. area. The most simple circuit ventilation in the bath for this room is reduced to the withdrawal of waste air masses through the bathroom or washing area. But it is best to provide for a forced type of air exchange in the dressing room.

Ventilation in the sauna in the steam room

Complete replacement of air in the steam room should occur 3 times per hour (at least). This is due to the lack of oxygen during bath procedures and its constant replenishment by ventilating the room. Air is sucked in from below at a height of 1.5 m from the floor directly from the street, and not from indoor spaces... If in the steam room there is a stove, dampers that specifically regulate the flow of air, a valve for ventilation in the steam room, etc., then these are natural ways to regulate air exchange. By adjusting the cross-section of the duct, you can also control the air exchange. The movement of air flows of different temperatures depends on the location of the ventilation openings. The layout in the steam room is on the same wall, but at different heights or on opposing wall surfaces with different levels of location.

Attention! To prevent drafts, you should not equip vents on the same level opposite each other.

In the optimal variant, the device of the strangleholds is made as low as possible: this way the heat is better retained. But for the intensity of the exchange of air masses in the steam room, you need to equip forced ventilation(deflector, fan).

Deciding on the ventilation system in the bath

Being engaged in construction on your own, you need to know how to make ventilation in the bath so that it:

did not interfere with the rapid heating of the room;
effectively removed carbon dioxide, fuel combustion products;
provided complete ventilation in the shortest possible time.

Do-it-yourself ventilation in the bath can be aeration, mechanical or combined. Depending on this, the location of the channels and their size are selected. The air flow volume is directly proportional to the duct cross-section. The system should be assembled even during the formation of the base. The air transport duct is available with a square or circular cross-section. In the latter case, like the junction box, it can be made from plastic pipe 100 mm. The openings at the outlet and inlet are closed with a fine mesh insert, preventing debris and insects from entering the pipe.

Popular ventilation schemes

The air inlet is located on the bottom of the wall opposite the heater. The blower plays the role of an exhaust hood, provided that the stove is constantly functioning during bath procedures.
Scheme with access to the wall of openings along the inflow and exhaust in the steam room on the same wall, but at different levels: 0.3 m from the ceiling, air removal, 0.3 m from the floor - inflow.
The same distances (30 cm each) for inflow and exhaust, but air enters the steam room immediately behind the stove, and is removed through a channel on the opposite wall.
The inflow is behind the stove (0.3 m from the floor), the exhaust hood with forced air removal by means of a fan is opposite on the wall, below at the same height.

Algorithm for the device of a system with a fan

A step-by-step installation guide for the combination option provides for an increase in the fresh air injection with a special wide-blade fan.

You will need tools for work: a hacksaw, a drill, a three-core wiring, etc.
A fan of rated power and performance is purchased.
In a wooden frame, a drill with a special funnel makes nearby holes.
With the help of a hacksaw, the membranes between them are cut off, the holes are combined into one hole.
The channel to the air inlet (outlet) is performed in the same way.
The vector of the air flow is checked experimentally. For this, the holes are all plugged, the oven is heated. When the temperature in the bath exceeds + 50 ° C, the holes open. Air flows are investigated.
Rigid wiring is laid in a waterproof corrugated sheath to power the fan using an RCD.
A fan is installed in the center of the ventilation hole. Fastened with self-tapping screws.
Dampers are manufactured or purchased to prevent heat loss, reduce the heating time of the stove. They are inserted into fixed runners or mounted on hinges. If the bath is located autonomously, the gates are also hung from the side of the street.

Important! All fittings for installation works should be made of stainless material, and the fan is made of heat-resistant polyamide that can withstand heating up to 130 ° C.

So, do you need ventilation in the bath - yes, you do. Is it possible to arrange it yourself without the use of complex equipment - yes, quite. But, with obligatory study theoretical foundations, project development and drawing up a work flow diagram.

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