How much does a folding ladder to the attic cost. Ladders to the attic with their own hands

The space between the ceiling and the roof in private houses occupies attic space. It is used by the owners for storage, provides an opportunity for inspection and repair. inside roofing cake. A folding ladder installed to get to the attic can be made by hand. Portable structures such as ladders are not always convenient and reliable. The stationary version, which is easily extended if necessary, and most of the time is in the folded state, will become optimal model for a small space.

  1. Place of installation:
    • outdoor - mounted outside the building, the disadvantage is the need to leave the premises in any weather;
    • internal - located in the house.
  2. By design:
    • monolithic - screw or marching;
    • portable - attached, ladders;
    • folding - sliding, folding, scissor, folding.

Monolithic structures provide complete safety of lifting to the attic. But they take up valuable space in the room. Portable models are convenient as a temporary option, but they are not suitable for permanent use due to the increased risk of injury. The best choice is a folding ladder, which takes up a minimum of space. This design is often attached to the hatch, it has a compact size, and making it yourself will save money.

Features of folding structures

Transforming models have several options, from which you can choose the right one for your home. When designing a product, one should take into account not only the dimensions, but also the design features. The minimum number of sections of a folding ladder should be 3 pieces. A 2-piece model will require a significant increase in size attic hatch. The folding ladder is lowered manually, using a weight for weighting, or automatically, using an electric drive.

Varieties of folding attic stairs

telescopic model consists of parts that slide into each other. The material for it is aluminum, which is lightweight, durable, and resistant to corrosion. It is compact, functional, will last a long time, but it is difficult to make such a product with your own hands. A variant of mounting on a hatch of a finished structure is possible.

scissor model made from metal parts. It develops according to the principle of an accordion. A solid construction with comfortable steps has one drawback - over time, a creak appears at the joints. Preventing the problem will allow timely lubrication of the attachment points.

The scissor ladder is reliable and has a beautiful appearance

Folding ladder will not take up a single extra centimeter. It is difficult to design and install. Its steps are attached to the bowstring with card loops, and in the folded position, the folding model is fixed on the wall.

Retractable ladder to the attic consists of several sections, the upper part is firmly attached to the hatch, it is equal to the size of the cover. The remaining sections are connected by special fittings and hinges. When unfolded, they form an even flight of stairs. It is easy to bring the product into working position, thanks to its mobility. The difference between the telescopic and sliding models is in the way the sections slide. In the first case, they are placed one inside the other, and in the second, they move with the help of rollers from the outside along the guides.

The attic climb structure should be installed in a place where it will not interfere, usually a hall or corridor. Sliding and folding stairs are adjusted to standard dimensions, which are designed with safety in mind:

  • the angle of inclination of the structure is 65-75 degrees, a larger value will make use unsafe, and a smaller one will require a lot of space for placement;
  • the optimal width of the stairs is 65 cm;
  • the recommended number of steps is 13-15 pieces;
  • the length of the structure should be about 3.5 m, with an increase, it loses rigidity and strength, the processes of lowering and lifting become more complicated;
  • convenient distance between the steps for movement - 19.3 cm;
  • a ladder made by one's own hands is calculated for a load of up to 150 kg;
  • the safe thickness of the steps is 1.8-2.2 cm;
  • horizontal crossbars are mounted parallel to the floor, for safety they are supplemented with anti-slip pads.

The attic hatch also has standard dimensions, its parameters are 120x70cm, they provide unhindered passage and minimal heat loss.

Materials for manufacturing

The materials from which the stairs are made with their own hands are subject to requirements for strength and weight. The design for frequent use due to rapid wear is not made of wood. Metal is the best option for such a product, it will ensure safe and durable operation.

To reduce the total weight of the ladder attached to the hatch, the combination of materials will allow. Steps are made from lighter wood. Bars of hard wood with a thickness of about 2 cm are used. Metal or plastic fittings are installed to connect the products, the latter reduces the friction of the parts. In the folded position, the structure is attached to the hatch, which eliminates spontaneous loss.

Manufacturing technology of a simple folding design

If the hatch is located near the edge of the ceiling, then for lifting you can install a folding ladder of two sections with your own hands, which will rest on the wall. The basis for the design can be a finished product, it will take about two hours to transform it.

A simple folding ladder that is easy to do with your own hands

Tools for work:

  • screwdriver;
  • roulette;
  • hacksaw.

Materials:

  • wooden blocks measuring 2x3 cm;
  • card loops;
  • self-tapping screws;
  • hook and loop.
  1. Take two bars equal to the width of the stairs. One is hinged to the upper edge, and the second is firmly fixed at the bottom, ensuring the stability of the unfolded structure.
  2. The ladder used is divided into two parts - one of them is 2/3 of the length, and the second is 1/3. A neat cut of the bowstring is performed along the intended line.
  3. Metal hinges are screwed to connect the sections. Pay attention to how the fittings are located. It should ensure that the lower part of the ladder folds under the upper one.
  4. A bar is fixed on the wall under the attic opening, to which the folding structure is attached.
  5. For reliable fixation in the folded position, a loop is screwed in near the sawing point, and a hook is installed on the wall in the appropriate place.

The advantage of such a product is the ease of doing it yourself, and the disadvantage is an open location.

Manufacture of the hatch

If a folding ladder is placed on the cover of the opening, it is not visible from the room and will not interfere with the interior. Simple drawings will help determine the size of the hatch and the product. Having measured the sides of the passage to the attic, they begin to assemble the hatch with their own hands.

You need to prepare the following materials:

  • bars with a section of 50x50m;
  • plywood sheet 10 mm;
  • PVA glue;
  • fasteners;
  • door latch with handle.

Two parts equal to the length of the opening and two similar to its width (120x70 cm) are cut off from the bar. Each edge of the bar is sawn to half the width. These sections are smeared with PVA glue and glued together into a rectangle. To keep the exact diagonal on the frame are attached right triangles made of plywood, called scarves. After the glue dries, the bars are additionally connected with self-tapping screws, and the scarves are removed. A prepared plywood sheet is screwed to the workpiece. The design will fit to the opening. To keep the hatch in the closed position, a door latch is cut into it. The fittings have a convenient handle with which the hatch will open.

Assembling the opening mechanism

Making a hatch opening mechanism with your own hands is a rather complicated process to make the task easier, it is enough to purchase a finished product in a store.

Those who decide to assemble the entire structure on their own must prepare a metal corner, two strips and a sheet of metal.

In order not to be mistaken with the size of the hinges, they are initially cut out of cardboard. After fitting, proceed to work with metal.

  1. Places for fastening according to the template are marked on the metal strip.
  2. Holes are drilled for a bolt with a diameter of 10.
  3. Details are assembled and baited with bolts. The selected angle of fixation of the stairs is measured with a small one, and then the parts are moved apart by the desired value.
  4. On the metal, a section is indicated, which, when lowered, is blocked by a corner. This area is cut off. Removing the excess, the details are processed to give an aesthetic appearance.
  5. The second mechanism should be identical to the one already made. For an exact match of the holes, the parts are connected with a clamp and drilled.
  6. Having inserted bolts into the second mechanism, it is equalized according to the model, cutting off excess metal.
  7. Ready-made opening mechanisms are installed by hand on the hatch . They will create an emphasis, fixing the folding structure at the right angle.

To ensure uniform distribution of the load will allow the installation of a second hinge mechanism that supports the hatch in the middle. You will need: two metal strips 2 cm wide, a corner and a piece of metal. The corner serves as a support for the mechanism when opening. A piece of metal is welded to one part, against which the second part rests. When lowering the hatch, the hinge will move apart, taking part of the weight of the structure.

Wooden staircase, do it yourself

The easiest way is to make a wooden structure, the material will be a 2.5x10 cm board. The product consists of three sections, the first two are equal in length to the hatch, and the size of the last is the distance remaining to the floor.

The length of the sections is marked on two boards used to make the bowstring. The marks should mirror each other, therefore, before work, the workpieces are connected with adhesive tape. Holes for the hinges are drilled in the designated places, after which the boards are sawn. To give attractiveness, all wooden parts are sanded and covered with two layers of varnish. Do-it-yourself metal hinges are coated with a primer and paint before installation.

Holes 5 mm deep are cut out under the fasteners of the steps on the inside of the bowstring. PVA glue is applied to them, and then fixed with self-tapping screws. The next step is to connect the three sections into general design with loops. After checking the possibility of bending the parts, the ladder is fixed to the hatch. The upper section of the product is fixed on it with anchors. Folding ladder to the attic is ready.

In contact with

Ladder folding to the attic is a type of compact accessories for climbing to utility rooms country house. Quite often, the stationary design of flights of stairs for attic floors looks simply irrational - you don’t often have to use it, or it takes up a lot of living space, which, as always, is sorely lacking.

Many of these circumstances are well known. Previously, they arose when it was necessary to climb into the attic, where, according to established traditions, old things were stored that were no longer needed, but it was a pity to throw them away. Of course, you can use an ordinary ladder to go up and down, but for greater convenience and safety, there is another solution - this is a folding ladder to the attic.

Significantly saves living space at home. It is located in a specially equipped ceiling opening of the interfloor ceiling.

Folding attic ladder is functional, compact and very easy to operate, and the variety of models and options for this design allows you to choose exactly the type that is ideal for the specific operating conditions of any country house.

Among the variety of folding attic systems, three main configurations are most in demand:

  • lever;
  • claw-shaped;
  • telescopic.

Lever structures

Lever or three-knee systems consist of three folding parts. The first part (knee) is attached to the hatch cover, and the next two, with the help of springs and a special mechanism, are successively stacked on top of each other.

In order to install the ladder, it is necessary to hook the ring installed on the outside of the hatch with a long rod with a hook and pull it down. After the hatch opens, the structure itself, under the influence of its own weight, will decompose into the desired position.

For ease of disassembly and assembly, the system is equipped with special lever mechanisms that help the mobile march smoothly unfold and fold into a stairway. The manhole cover is equipped with latches that are designed to fix the entire device in the interfloor ceiling.

Claw stairs

The claw-like construction of the march received such a name from the shape of its elements. This type of device folds like an accordion, and they are also called pantograph ladders. The basis of such systems is a multi-link articulated mechanism, which is regulated by springs.

When the hatch is open, the device is stretched down and, with the help of a special spring stop, is fixed to the floor. When the mechanism is removed from the stop, the structure under the action of the springs is assembled in its original position.

Telescopic devices

The telescopic system, taking into account operational properties, is made only of a lightweight aluminum profile.

Therefore, attic metal folding stairs with a telescopic system are separate sections made of profile aluminum pipe, which are sequentially inserted into each other.

  • The whole structure is mounted in the manhole cover and, if necessary, can be easily pulled out into the working position.
  • Retainers provide stability located at the junction of the sections.
  • The number of parts may vary., depending on the desired height and model of the selected device.
  • For safe operation, the mechanism is designed in such a way that it excludes arbitrary axial displacement of the sections.
  • Special latches firmly fix the structure in the folded position.
  • To unfold the ladder, it is easy enough to pull for the special rod (rod) provided for these purposes.

How to choose a folding ladder

Before choosing and purchasing an attic ladder, you need to learn a few rules:

  1. The design should be selected taking into account the prepared opening in the interfloor overlap. And for this you need to know the optimal dimensions for this type of stairs.
  2. The minimum recommended opening size is 500–600 mm, but according to the experience of some manufacturers, it is better than 0.6–1.20 m.
  3. The second required parameter is the height and angle of inclination (“reach”) of the device in working condition. To do this, you need to know how often the stairs will be used, and its future location (the length of the room, furniture, etc.). The most acceptable and convenient in operation is a structure with a height of 2.80–3.5 m.

Hints: If the room height is more than 3.5 m, for safety reasons, it is not recommended to install a folding attic ladder. In this case, you need to think about installing a stationary economy class staircase, which has a larger angle of inclination and is equipped with a railing.

As is customary, attic systems are sold already with ready-made sizes, so you need to foresee a situation where the right size may not be available. In this case, as mentioned above, it is necessary to prepare an opening for ready-made sizes, or order the desired size individually. In the latter version, the price of the structure will be higher.

Metal folding stairs are best suited for outbuildings, and for a country house, a wooden structure is most appropriate, which, with a certain finish, can become an interior decoration (see the video in this article).

Attic systems in their design are unpretentious in operation, and if you have the necessary tools and instructions for assembling a specific architecture, they are freely assembled by hand.

Assembling a folding wooden ladder

Before assembling the finished structure, you need to familiarize yourself with some basic safety rules:

  • the use of these structures for plasterboard floors is not recommended;
  • it is forbidden to disassemble the constituent elements of the mechanism during installation;
  • do not unscrew or adjust the fastenings to the hatch;
  • trial operation of the device is prohibited until the installation of all elements is completed.

Folding stairs to the attic with your own hands - instructions:

  1. Installation of the attic system is carried out by two people. First, with everything essential tool and strong twine, rises to the second floor, and the second remains below.
  2. We check the dimensions of the opening, which should be 2 cm larger than the box.

  1. To support the kit, tie two safety bars to the box during installation. Moreover, the initial lower level of the box should be slightly lower than the ceiling level (see photo).
  2. Then, using prepared wooden wedges, align the level of the ceiling and the mechanism box.

  1. Open the ladder and check the serviceability of all elements.
  2. After that, lift the device to its original position, and proceed with the installation of the box.
  3. Before starting installation, check the length of the diagonals between the opposite corners of the box.

  1. In the gap between the structure and the interfloor ceiling, in the places where the screws are installed, insert the strips for a snug fit of the box to the opening.
  2. Screw the box to the base of the opening with screws (8x80).
  3. The gap between the box and the opening must be filled with mounting foam.
  4. Open the fixture and check the correct operation of all mechanisms, and if necessary, adjust them.

  1. The unfolded structure should form a straight line, and the lower part of the bowstrings should fit snugly on the floor.

Folding attic stairs can have a wide variety of designs and improvements. It can be equipped with dust covers, railings, electric motors and a remote control that activates the automatic folding and unfolding mechanism of the system. Therefore, depending on the chosen design, the price of such improvements can vary widely.

In most frequent houses, an attic or other room under the roof is assumed, so a staircase to the attic is necessary. The structure for climbing up should be not only safe, but also aesthetic, matching the design and type of frame with other stairs. An exception is a hidden or folding structure, which is used periodically so as not to clutter up the living space. How to do it yourself - we suggest using examples and tips from the article.

What type of stairs to choose?

Zealous owners try to use every meter of their personal space rationally. With a small living area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe building, a massive wooden staircase to the attic with your own hands is inappropriate; it is better to give preference to a light structure, regardless of the material. Rise to attic floor each arranges to your taste. Even a light rope ladder is possible, folded into a net or on a shelf next to the hatch. But this option is only suitable as a temporary one, and even then for an adult single person. For children and the elderly, something more reliable is needed, for example, a ladder to the attic - photo:

Also on sale are ready-made telescopic and folding ladders and high ladders, but not all of them are suitable for permanent use. And it is important to fix the finished staircase correctly or make a device for it so that it can be removed when it is not needed, for example, in winter. And with a large area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house, where there are several stairs, it is advisable to make all spans in the same style. All parts of the structure must be reliable in order to walk on floors without risk.

The construction of a private house involves stairs of different functionality:

  • internal and external (inside the house);
  • attached and fixed;
  • auxiliary (working) and design (aesthetic part of the interior).

When choosing the type of stairs, it is important to be guided not only by your own preferences, but also by considerations of expediency. The operational requirements are higher for stationary ladders, and the folding design must be compact and reliable so as not to be injured during the next descent or ascent.

Tip: Keep your attic stairs as light as possible to save materials and space. It must withstand no more than 1 person with a small load, since furniture and heavy household appliances are not lifted into the attic. Before you make a ladder to the attic, think about how it will be attached at the top and what it will rest against at the bottom.

Hanging and folding stairs are more suitable for a small summer cottage, and massive stationary stairs - for a large country house. The type of stairs depends on the location of the attic hatch. If the entrance to the room under the roof is located in a narrow space, then a spiral staircase is installed. It is not very convenient, and overall things cannot be lifted on it. But this is the only Possible Solution where there is nowhere to put a classic marching staircase. For example, a spiral staircase to the attic, photo:

By type of construction, the most common:

  • screw;
  • marching;
  • on the pains.

The best choice of stairs for attic spaces

Recently, attic and attic stairs are singled out in a separate row, and they are classified into subspecies:

  • sliding telescopic;
  • folding scissor ladders;
  • sliding "accordion";
  • suspended (rope, rope);
  • folding (attached at the top).

There are no difficulties in using or installing each variety. The simplest metal staircase to the attic in several additions can be made from 2-3 ladders. The cost of each design depends on the materials and type of the staircase itself.

Folding models are made from pipes and a corner of light alloys, mainly aluminum and stainless steel. But this requires a tool (metal cutting) and reliable fittings. It is much easier to work with wood at home, so most of the stairs are made of wood, in a classic version:

  • supports;
  • steps (tread);
  • stringers;
  • risers;
  • railing;
  • handrails
  • mares, etc.

The attic ladder is an auxiliary device for climbing under the roof, so it makes no sense to make it wide. The optimal width is no more than 60-70 cm, depending on the build of the people using it. But the step between the steps should be classic, about 20 cm, so as not to experience difficulties when climbing or descending the stairs.

But the most important thing is the angle of inclination, if it is a flight of stairs. Any stairs to the attic, folding or spiral, should be with such an inclination that it is convenient to use - within 75 °. A very steep descent is impossible without handrails, otherwise it will be difficult to return from the attic, especially if the steps are narrow. Yes, you can also make a vertical ladder (attached, in the old fashioned way), but this is not very convenient, and it will be problematic to take things out of the attic.

Attention: Some narrow steps made of metal are very slippery, especially when condensation appears on them in cold weather. This is counteracted by special rubber pads that minimize the risk of falling and injury.

The maximum weight that a do-it-yourself staircase to the attic must withstand is within 120-150 kg if larger people do not use it. In the finished product, which remains only to be fixed at the attic hatch, all parameters must be indicated in the technical description. There are models where the folding ladder is attached directly to the hatch, which is equipped with a compact transformation method.

Types of attic stairs and their properties

Ladders to the attic or attic are brought both from the outside of the house and from the inside. The street staircase, not the attic, is most often made capital - metal with handrails. The inner product should take up little space, be light and compact. They prefer screw stationary structures and removed from the room after use:

  • portable;
  • retractable;
  • folding.

1. Stationary attic stairs one-piece design - the most convenient and safe, but requires a lot of space. The most compact screw models, which are much more difficult to make due to the calculations of wedge-shaped degrees, fixed at regular intervals on a pillar support. In addition, they must be provided with spiral handrails or made in the form of a glass capsule. A straight or marching staircase must also be equipped with some kind of support - railings or handrails. The width of the rectangular steps is made, if not under the full width of the foot, then at least ba 3/4, so that it is convenient to step on, especially when descending.

2. Mobile or portable ladders and ladders, for all their compactness, create more prerequisites for falling. Due to the increased danger and instability, they are not so in demand. And it is important to do everything to increase the stability and reliability of the stairs (non-slip flat floor, support stops). Their main advantage is the ability to bring and easily decompose, and then remove. It is not recommended to use such devices for lifting under the roof:

  • sick people with frequent dizziness and high blood pressure;
  • disabled people without any limb;
  • the elderly and infirm;
  • children.

3. Folding. The most compact is a folding staircase to the attic, which is mounted at the top and folds under the ceiling. The main requirement is that it should not literally fall on your head, that is, a phased and slow transformation is important when using a structure of several blocks. If all the joints between the segments of a folding structure are reliable, then it is also reliable, like a solid one. If it is made of metal from a hollow steel tube or an aluminum profile, then it is very light and comfortable. Among other modern devices for climbing to the attic or attic, they are the most in demand. The best option is if the folding ladder transforms along the wall, which has something like handrails. Many craftsmen make this variety with their own hands.

4. A retractable ladder is a type of folding ladder, only its structural elements do not recline, but extend along the guide to the limiters on both sides. The conversion mechanism is somewhat reminiscent of a telescope. Such a design is made on hinges, and not only from a profile, but also from wood, but the guides are also from a metal corner.

5. An external staircase to the attic leads from the street, and from it design features depends on the safety of the owners of the house climbing it. Non-slip steps and non-freezing handrails are required. Usually they are built of metal from several marches running along the walls of the house.

How to make a folding ladder to the attic on your own?

Making a folding ladder to the attic with your own hands is not as difficult as it seems. For example, it is easiest to construct from fragments of a finished staircase or stepladder. It is important to make the right articulation at the folds by choosing the right fittings. It is advisable to fix it directly on the hatch or under it in a special mount. Rigid fixation at the entrance to the attic is the main requirement.

All fragments of a folding attic ladder fold like an accordion. On the longest segment, the rest of the transformation should be attached, there should not be too many of them. Ideally, there should not be more than 3-5 folding modules, depending on the height of the ceiling or the distance to the hatch.

Attention: Watch how the structural elements are attached so as not to break the "accordion". But even if an error occurs, do not be discouraged, just dismantle the wrong joint. Modules are assembled on the floor, periodically checking the work.

To minimize the work of assembling the stairs to the attic, the dimensions of each element must be indicated in the drawings, taking into account the slope - for ease of lifting. When everything is calculated and sketched, there are all the necessary accessories, the assembly process will not take much time and effort. The most difficult thing is the choice of fittings for transformation, which will ensure the ease of use of the stairs.

Tip: It is best if the structure is attached at the top at the entrance, and the first fragment is equal to the length of the hatch. The remaining parts can be equal in size, shorter or longer, but all proportions must be harmoniously combined.

Assembly algorithm:

  • a finished stepladder or a long ladder is sawn with an appropriate tool (for wood or metal);
  • the first segment is connected to the next one using a hinged mechanism with latches;
  • a hinge mechanism is attached to the second and subsequent segments, but this is done each time from the opposite side, so that an accordion layout is obtained;
  • a non-slip floor support is fixed to the lower segment (with rubber or thick leather so as not to scratch the coating);
  • with the help of a partner or assistant, we attach the structure to the hatch or entrance to the attic, once again checking how it should look in working order;
  • we fix the latch, which should fix the layout near the ceiling;
  • if the folding ladder does not have latches that prevent a sudden fall when the latch is opened, it is advisable to upholster the floors with material that softens the sudden fall of the structure.

An improved version is a “clamshell” with a remote control panel, but not every master can install an electric drive on his own. Typically, such a "smart" function is available only for finished products.

The ease of use of the stairs also depends on the hinged mechanism on springs and stops, which ensures smooth opening of the modules. And it is better to spend money on a more advanced layout mechanism than to experience inconvenience every time.

Attention: In any variant of the articulation of the parts of the ladder, bringing it into working condition, it is important to stand on the side of the trajectory of a possible transformation! And periodically check the reliability of fastening to the hatch or ceiling at the exit to the attic so that the ladder does not accidentally fall on someone's head!

The simplest options for attic stairs

It is better for a beginner, unsure of his abilities, to confine himself to a simple design - to fix an ordinary single-flight ladder made of light metal along the wall.

A great option for the young and energetic is to make a folding rope ladder with wooden steps and holes on the sides on each tread. They should be strung between knots of rope or thick twine. For convenience, the steps are made not rectangular, but triangular with rounded edges.

The wide sides of the triangles are attached to the sides, the narrow ones - alternately towards. Then you get a ladder duck step”, that is, steps under the right and left legs. The rise involves a wide stance of the legs waddling, hence the name. The only inconvenience is to go down and up facing the rope (wall) holding on to its sides.

If there is no room for a full-fledged staircase, then a ready-made spiral staircase is also used, which should match the height of the support with the height of the ceiling. Details (wedge-shaped steps, support and handrails) can be ordered from the carpentry workshop. It remains to assemble the structure and securely fasten it below and at the entrance to the attic.

When constructing any staircase, it is important to provide:

  • free approach for use;
  • the place where it will be removed if the ladder is mobile;
  • handrails or other handholds during descent and ascent (they may not be with a reliable design);
  • secure fastening on top and non-slip bottom stop;
  • stylistic performance or decor.

An outdoor metal staircase cannot be made without the help of a professional welder. However, some of the work can be done by hand:

  • choose a design according to ready-made illustrations or drawings;
  • calculate the height and width of the stairs, the dimensions of the tread, the number of marches and landings;
  • make a sketch and drawing;
  • to cut metal parts.

Entrust the assembly and fastening of the external metal stairs to specialists.

Tip: If the gentle march of a stationary staircase leading to an attic or attic takes up a lot of space, think about how to use this part of the room. Racks and shelves for books, souvenirs and collections are made in a niche. Or a "living corner" with an aquarium, cages for rodents and parrots, they will have to provide additional lighting under the stairs.

In most cases, the attic is used to store unused and old things. In past times, few people could dare to use it for living space. Today, in pursuit of everyone square meter many rebuild the attic, making living room. Accordingly, the attic ladder in this case plays a key role. In this article, we will consider the manufacture of this piece of furniture from different angles, and find out what types of stairs to the attic exist.

Devices and types of structures

Stairs are installed both outside and inside the house. The last option has much more advantages. To get into the attic, you do not need to go through the yard. There are several types of staircase designs:

Monolithic.

  • Marching.


Folding attic stairs.

  • Folding.
  • Scissor.
  • Telescopic.
  • Folding or lever.

Portable.

  • Attached.
  • Stepladders.

Concerning last version, then such stairs are often used as temporary structures. For example, they are applicable in cases where the attic does not have to be used so often. Portable ladders are not so reliable.

If we talk about reliability, then, of course, monolithic stairs should be noted here, which have a wide march and reliable railings. But if you have a small room, then it will be almost impossible to accommodate it. In such circumstances, the ideal version of the stairs is retractable. It is easy to operate, safe and ergonomic.

Ladder-transformer folding

Mostly, the transformer ladder is made of metal or wood. If these two materials are combined, then the result will be very worthy. For example, a flight of stairs is made of wood, and important components are made of metal: fastening, mechanism and springs. Wood will lighten the entire structure, and metal will add strength. For the manufacture of wooden elements, it is better to use hardwoods.

In some situations, you can use plastic fittings. In the process of transformation, the plastic levels friction. According to the opening method, folding stairs are manual and automatic. A weight is attached to the ladder for easy manual opening.

The main requirements for folding attic stairs are compact dimensions and strength. The aesthetic appearance of the building also plays an important role.

Retractable ladder with retractable flights

Scissor ladders are very popular. Its production is carried out only from metal parts. In another way, it is called "accordion". But they have a number of negative qualities. For example, after a while, the flight of stairs will make an unpleasant creak, as some parts will wear out. But this can be prevented by timely lubrication of each working connection.

telescopic ladder

This type of construction consists of sections that are retractable. When folded, it takes up little space, as the parts are assembled one into the other. They are mostly made from aluminium. The telescopic ladder has high durability.

Sectional and hinged

It can have 1-4 sections. The first is fixed on the lid. Subsequent sections are interconnected and form a uniform flight of stairs. They are equipped with hinges and special hinges.

folding

If you do not have free space, a folding ladder has clear advantages. In most cases, it is folded into the wall. It can be pulled out if necessary. Using card loops, the steps are fixed on a bowstring. When it is folded, it hides against the wall.

General requirements for attic stairs

It should be mentioned about the standard dimensions of such structures:

  • The permissible march width is 650 mm.
  • It is not recommended to make a ladder more than 3000 mm in height. This will result in less structural rigidity, resulting in an accident. Among other things, too high a design will be problematic to fold.
  • Steps in the amount of 13 to 15 pieces.
  • Between the steps there should be a gap of no more than 19.3 cm. Otherwise, the operation of the stairs will be difficult.
  • The step should have a thickness of 1.8 to 2.2 cm.
  • The standard tilt angle is 60–75°.
  • The entire structure must withstand a weight of up to one hundred and fifty kilograms.
  • The location of the steps is only parallel to the floor. For complete safety, they can be glued with anti-slip pads.

Separately, it should be noted the size of the hatch. standard size consider 120 × 70 cm. If the opening is smaller, then it will be inconvenient to climb. With large hatch sizes, there will be large heat losses. If your attic will not be heated, then the hatch must be steam and heat insulated.

Location of attic stairs

The stairs should not interfere with living in the house. For this reason, installing stairs in the kitchen or in the bedroom would be impractical. Therefore, it can be placed, for example, in a corridor, a hall. The selected room must be of the appropriate size. In some cases, such stairs are used as an interior detail, so in some cases it can not be hidden. It is recommended to make a preliminary drawing to represent the staircase in your interior.

Production of a ladder from two sections

If you want to make a simple staircase without complex mechanisms, then a two-section staircase is ideal. To make it you will need:

  • Wood saw.
  • Roulette.
  • Ladder.
  • Card loops along the width of the stringer - 4 pieces.
  • Timber - 2 pieces 2–3 cm thick. The length should be equal to the width of the hatch.
  • Hinges, screws, hook and anchor.

With the help of a loop, a short beam is fixed to the upper end of the stairs. The second, similar segment of the bar, on the bottom. They must be fixed obliquely, otherwise they will interfere with the movement. Such a design will be quite rigid. After, measure out 2/3 of the stairs and make a neat cut. Using metal loops, connect the two parts.

The hinges must be properly fastened, otherwise the ladder will open in the wrong direction.

Now, on the wall under the hatch, mount the top bar. To prevent the ladder from opening when folded, you can use a hook. To do this, screw the loop next to the cut, and the hook at the appropriate distance into the wall. Attic two-section ladder is ready!

One of the disadvantages of this design is that it is always in sight. But if you make a little more effort, then with your own hands you can build a ladder that will be hidden in the hatch.

We hide the ladder behind the hatch

This type of ladder has three sections, but in this case it will be successfully located in the hatch. First of all, decide on its location. For example, the opening has dimensions of 120 × 65 cm. Then, to prevent heat loss, the hatch should be cut 7–8 mm wider on each side. To work, you will need the following material:

  • A bar with a section of 50 × 50 mm - 2 long and 2 short.
  • Plywood, 10 mm thick.
  • Plywood, 4 mm thick, for making scarves.
  • PVA glue.
  • Self-tapping screws.

At the end of each bar, make a drank halfway through its thickness. After these places, coat with glue and connect everything together in a groove into a rectangle. For strength between themselves, you can additionally twist with self-tapping screws. To get the exact diagonal out of 4 mm plywood, cut a scarf.

When the glue is dry, dismantle the scarves and fasten the 10 mm plywood sheet with self-tapping screws. Now try on the design in the opening. If everything fits, then the measurements were taken accurately.

For an aesthetic look, cut a door latch into the lid. With the help of a screwed handle, it will be possible to open the hatch on the latch.

Mechanism for stairs with a hatch - articulated without spring

One of the important components of a folding attic ladder is the opening mechanism. The easiest method is to buy it. But if you want to save family budget it can be done by hand.

For this you will need:

  • Corner - 1 piece.
  • Piece of metal sheet.
  • Two strips of different lengths.
  • Bolts M10.
  • Drill.
  • Malka.
  • Jigsaw.
  • Teskey.
  • Clamps.

Manufacturing technology:

  1. The first step is a drawing on the cardboard stairs. In this case, the approximate angle of its inclination in the open state should be indicated.
  2. Now cut out an example of construction and individual parts from cardboard. This will allow you to choose the correct hinge length.
  3. On metal strips, measure the holes for the hinge. Distances are measured according to preliminary measurements. The hole is made for the M10 bolt.
  4. You collect these parts together and slightly tighten.
  5. Now measure the desired angle using the bevel. Then move the mechanism to the desired angle.
  6. On the metal, mark the area that, when opened, will overlap with a corner. Cut it out with a jigsaw.
  7. At this stage, you give the stripes a presentation. Round off the corners and trim off any excess. This will allow them not to cling to each other and, accordingly, not to interfere with each other.
  8. After removing excess metal, the corner will rest in the desired position. The first mechanism is ready!
  9. To prepare the second mechanism, fasten each pair of parts together with clamps. This will make an identical part. Drill holes.
  10. Insert a bolt into the finished hole and drill a second one.
  11. Having twisted the blanks with two bolts, level them in length and give the same shape.

By this principle, you make all parts of the mechanism. As a result, you will be able to make two identical parts of the mechanism.

When the mechanisms are ready, they should be attached to the hatch that was made earlier. In this case, you should try on the hatch with mechanisms to the opening.

In the open position, the hatch should not touch the walls of the opening. If necessary, it can be adjusted. In order for the whole structure to be well kept, one more important detail should be made. To do this, take two strips, the width of which is 2 cm, as well as a corner. To the end of one of the strips, weld a small piece of metal. A corner will act as a support platform.

So, you will make a hinge that, in the open position, will bend slightly, but at the same time withstand the entire load. Among other things, it must be fully disclosed. This will evenly distribute the load created by the hinged ladder.

Staircase made of wood on bowstrings

Let's make a ladder out of wood. Take an inch board, ten centimeters wide. It is useful for making bowstrings and steps. The first section is made exactly along the length of the hatch, the second is similar, and the third is slightly smaller. As for the last section, its length should be equal to the remaining distance between the floor and the two sections when unfolded. Here you will also need to use small. Measure the slope of the angle of the ladder in its unfolded state. Transfer these measurements to the board and mark the steps. This is done on two long sections. These lines should be applied evenly on two boards. To do this, they can be fastened with tape. The applied lines should be mirrored. In places where there will be hinge loops, drill 25 holes with a pen.

The holes should be on both sides of the boards, so first make holes on the inside, and then on the outside. Grind each hole with a milling cutter.

This will give the blanks an aesthetic look. Saw the boards at the junctions of the segments.

cut into required amount steps, sand them. For each step on the bowstring, make small holes of 5 mm. Assemble the entire structure with PVA glue and self-tapping screws.

Making metal loops

To connect the sections of the march, loops should also be made. Thanks to their presence, the ladder will fold and unfold, respectively. For this purpose, it will be necessary to take a metal strip 2.5 cm wide. You will need eight such strips. To four of them, weld a small piece of a similar strip. In each of them, make holes that will be used to attach the stairs.

Now lay the first and second segment of the stairs on a flat surface. The joint between them must be sufficiently tight. Screw the hinge so that the hinge bolt fits into the recess in the center of the connected sections. On the other hand, the edge of the bowstring will be a guide. After screwing on the two hinges, check the ladder for bending. If everything is working properly, use the same example to connect the third segment.

Installation of a folding structure in the opening

Now there is very little left. When all the parts you made are finished and interconnected, you can proceed with the installation in the opening.

First of all, treat all metal parts with a metal primer, spray paint and apply two coats of varnish to the wooden elements.

When the whole structure is dry, it remains to fix it with anchors in the opening to the attic. After a lot of work, the folding ladder is ready! You can find photo instructions at the end of the article.

How to make a folding attic ladder?

You can climb to the attic or to the attic made by you using a folding ladder. To do this, you will need the following building material:

  • For the manufacture of a bowstring 2 boards. Thickness 30 mm, width 200 mm. The length directly depends on the angle of inclination of the stairs and the height of the ceiling.
  • Boards for stairs. Width 120 mm, thickness 30 mm, length 500 mm.
  • There are two card loops for each step.
  • Self-tapping screws.
  • Anker.
  • Hook for fixing the structure on the wall.

For successful assembly of the stairs to the ceiling, the upper edge of the stationary bowstring should not reach 550 mm.

So, all the work is done in the following sequence:

  • Anchor one bowstring to the wall. The mount itself must be rigid, since the entire structure will be held on it.
  • Mark out the stairs. The position of the first mark parallel to the floor. Spend a segment, the length is equal to the width of the step 120 mm.
  • Now draw two parallel straight lines through the ends of the segment parallel to the edges of the bowstring.
  • Then draw a perpendicular from the end of the first segment.
  • Step back from this line to the right by 10 mm and draw a line parallel to the perpendicular.
  • The point of intersection of this line with the upper one, which is drawn parallel to the edge of the bowstring, determines the location of the next step. According to this principle, the marking of all subsequent steps is carried out.

To prevent the steps from rubbing against each other when folding, an indent of one centimeter is required between them. Transfer all this markup to the second string and fasten the steps in the marked places. As for the loops, they should be located on a stationary bowstring so that they eventually raise the steps up, and lower the movable bowstring down. Accordingly, a hook is mounted on the wall in suitable places. This is perhaps the easiest and fastest method of making a folding loft ladder.

Small business

So, we have considered with you several options for making attic stairs with your own hands. Of course, at first it may seem that this is an unthinkable task, but with effort and diligence, everything can be done. Leave your comments on this article and share your impressions!

Photo

For country cottages, private houses and simple country houses equipped with an attic, the presence of a convenient and reliable staircase leading to the said room is a common vital necessity.

At the same time, the staircase should not be capital and bulky at all - you can assemble and install an excellent folding structure that will not be inferior to stationary stairs in any way.

You can handle all the related tasks with your own hands, saving money and testing your own strength.

There are several types of ladders that can be installed to access the attic.

Stationary

A staircase with wide flights and railings is the most reliable, durable and easy-to-use design. However, the possibility of arranging such a staircase is far from being everywhere - it is definitely not possible to equip it in small areas.

portable

They are mainly used as a temporary option, as well as for access to rarely used rooms. The main disadvantages of such a ladder are low safety and ease of use. Therefore, if possible, the use of such a design should be abandoned.

folding

They are something between portable and stationary ladders. In terms of ease of use and safety, they are practically in no way inferior to full-fledged stationary structures and, at the same time, they have a significant advantage - very little space is needed for their arrangement. Therefore, when self-manufacturing stairs, it is recommended to give preference to a folding structure.

Material selection

Not less than important point is the choice of materials from which the staircase to the attic will be assembled. For the manufacture of the main elements of folding sectional stairs, wood is usually used, and fasteners are traditionally made of metal.

Nowadays, there are many different materials, types of controls and fasteners, which makes it easy to assemble a folding ladder that will best suit your particular room.

When choosing materials for the manufacture of attic stairs, you need to consider a number of important factors. First of all, decide on the functional purpose of the structure, its type, width, as well as the optimal number of sections.

The functional purpose of the stairs to the attic is very important in terms of determining the maximum allowable load on the steps. So, for example, factory-made wooden stairs are able to withstand an average load of 150 kgf, metal - 250 kgf. For homemade stairs, these figures are slightly reduced.

This does not mean that the steps will not be able to withstand a higher load, but it is definitely not worth loading them regularly, otherwise the structure will break very quickly.

The width of the stairs, at the same time, should not be more than the width of the attic opening.

When choosing the size of the attic stairs, be guided by proven and approved standards.


Remember: the steps must be installed strictly parallel to the floor surface. In addition, the stairs must be non-slip. To do this, you can fill over the base material lining of any non-slip material.

Attic stairs guide

In the independent manufacture of stairs to the attic there is nothing super complicated. Of course, an inexperienced craftsman is unlikely to be able to assemble a structure with the same attractive appearance as factory-made models, but it’s definitely worth a try.

Before starting work, create a drawing of the future stairs. In the absence of the necessary skills, order the creation of a drawing by a specialist, or select the appropriate scheme from the options presented in open sources.

Tools

Prepare at once all the necessary devices so as not to be distracted by the search for missing tools in the future.

You will need:


Also, before starting work, you need to buy or assemble an ordinary ladder. For self-assembly of this design, you only need to fix the transverse steps between two long vertical posts and further strengthen the structure.

The finished staircase should be about 30 cm longer than the distance from the level of the opening to the attic to the floor.

With the manufacture of the hatch, you can also easily do it yourself. Of the materials you need only sheets of plywood and wooden beam 5x5 cm.

First step. Choose a place to place the hatch and determine its optimal dimensions. Add about 7-9 mm to the dimensions of the hatch on each side, so that in the future you can easily close the lid without squeaks and other noise. Make an opening in accordance with certain dimensions.

Second step. Cut the wooden beam into four pieces according to the dimensions of the hatch.

Third step. Make grooves at the ends of the bars. Lubricate the prepared grooves and connect the bars into a rectangular (square) structure. Strengthen the connections additionally with self-tapping screws. Screw the scarves so that the diagonal does not lead.

Fourth step. Fasten the plywood cover to the resulting base and try on the product in the hatch opening.

Fifth step. Insert a regular latch into the hatch cover. You will open the latch with the handle. Attach it to the cover and finally fix the product in the pre-aligned opening. Usually loops are used for this.

Simple folding ladder

Start making a folding ladder. It is assumed that you already have at your disposal the previously mentioned wooden ladder.

First step. Attach a beam across the width to the bottom of the ladder. Attach the same bar to the top of the product. In this case, the lower bar must be fixed rigidly, and the upper one - on the loops.

Second step. Saw the ladder into 2 pieces. The upper part should have a length of about 2/3 of the total length of the stairs.

Third step. Attach a pair of battens for extra diagonal stiffness.

Fourth step. Connect the parts of the structure with loops.

Fifth step. Secure the top beam under the hatch with anchors.

Sixth step. Secure the lower part of the ladder with a hook - thanks to this, it will not spontaneously open. Install the loop on the stringer above the cut line.

Seventh step. Press the finished structure to the wall surface and fix it.

The main disadvantage of such a homemade staircase is not a very attractive appearance - the entire timber and fasteners remain visible. However, with the main tasks - ensuring a convenient and safe ascent and return descent - such a ladder copes with 100%.

An improved and more attractive version of the previous design. There is nothing complicated in the manufacture of such a ladder, it is enough to follow all the provisions of the manual step by step.

First step. Divide an ordinary wooden ladder into 3 parts. Make the first part according to the size of the attic hatch, make the second a little smaller than the first, and make the third such that the remaining space to the floor surface is completely covered.

Second step. Take a bevel and measure the angle of the attic hatch. Transfer the corner to the boards, thus marking the location of the steps.

Third step. Drill holes at the hinge locations between the individual ladder sections.

Fourth step. Sand the edges of the structures.

Fifth step. Saw the boards at the hinge points.

Sixth step. Cut and sand steps.

Seventh step. Prepare recesses for steps in bowstrings.

Eighth step. Insert the steps into the prepared recesses. Use glue and further strengthen the connections with self-tapping screws.

Ninth step. Connect the sections of the stairs with special loops. To do this, the sections must be placed on a stable, level surface.

Tenth step. Check the operation of all sections. If defects or deviations are found, try to correct them immediately.

Eleventh step. Sand it all down wooden surfaces and varnish them.

Twelfth step. After the varnish has completely dried, install the structure in the opening of the attic hatch. If necessary, make a final adjustment of the structural elements.

In this way, self assembly stairs is extremely simple and accessible to almost every event. At the same time, the cost of a home-made staircase will be much lower compared to the price of a similar factory-made design. Follow the instructions and everything will definitely work out.

Successful work!

Also read the article on our website - stairs to the basement with your own hands.

Video - Do-it-yourself ladder to the attic

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