Armopois with your own hands: Design and purpose. Fill Armopoyasa in a gas-concrete house how to cut a block under Armopleois
- Special building construction that strengthens the building, fixing a brickwork. Seismopoyases are indispensable in the construction of architectural structures. The configuration of the monolithic belt from reinforced concrete corresponds to the outlining of the house. The fill of Armopoyasa is a construction operation that requires special skills. The process is relevant and high attention is paid to him if the task is to build an object, equip the walls and roof.
Filling of Armopoyasa is made after laying the final series of slag block, gas block, foam block or other building materialWith insufficient strength. To fragile building materials, it is problematic to secure the bars to install the rafted. If you correctly fill over Armopois, you will ensure the reliability of the mounting elements. The belt is the foundation located between the floors of the object, which increases the stability of the construction object. It redesks the efforts created by the elements of the structure. Seismopoyas increases the resistance of the building structure to the temperature differences, wind loads, shrinkage.
Reinforced belt - a special design that is used for reliable fixation brick masonry
If the construction object is two-storey house, then two identical Armopleois are poured. The device of the first is executed when the construction of the continuity of the lower floor circuits is completed. Elements of ceiling overlap are installed on it. The second level of amplification is performed after the end of the construction of the second floor. It is the basis for attaching rafters.
Features of the reinforced belt
In what cases is required to strengthen the building, can it be possible without it? Pour seismopyas in the following situations:
- insufficiently illuminated foundation;
- located in the immediate vicinity of ravines and reservoirs;
- the building was built in a mountain relief;
- possible soil shrinkage under construction;
- the object is located in the seismic zone.
What is the reference framework for?
Row modern materialsapplied in construction, is distinguished by a complex of advantages. But due to insufficient stiffness, they adversely perceive point efforts. You can prevent destruction by performing the Armopoya device. This event is the justified necessity for modern structures, including bricks.
If the house is built from block materials, it is often subjected to natural influences
The roof overlapping affects the construction of two types of effort:
- Vertically active load transmitted by the weight of the roof and external factors: wind load, snow cover, seismic components. The point exposure to the rafter farm is converted into uniformly distributed.
- The spacer transmitted on the base with licked rafters. The roof is trying to strengthen the construction. This opposes the reinforced steel rod belt.
Functional purpose
The reinforced carcass performs a number of responsible tasks:
- preservation of the contour and preventing the strain of walls during soil shrinkage and earthquakes;
- alignment of the built-in design in the horizontal plane and eliminate errors made during masonry;
- ensuring the stiffness of the building under construction;
- distribution of local or point efforts by the support plane of carrier surfaces;
- fixing a closed line, which is the base for fastening the roof.
Regardless of your plans for accommodation over the first floor of the houses of the attic, the next floor or roof, remember that you need to take care of the strengthening of the structure!
The boards for the future formwork should be located outside the wall, and not inside, that is, rely on the wall, in the laying laying on 2-4 centimeters
Features of preparatory activities
A serious requirement for the construction of a belt reinforced with steel rods is compliance with sizes. The width must match the thickness of the walls as much as possible, representing the design of a square section with a side size of at least 250 millimeters. If the construction of the construction is carried out from aerated concrete, then the installation of the final series is performed by special blocks of the U-shaped configuration. This chain is a formwork for filling with concrete solution. In a situation where the construction of the house is carried out of the brick, the outer contour is formed by installing bricks for half the thickness, and the inner - is performed from the boards.
Anyone without exception, a construction made of any block materials will be constantly exposed to natural phenomena - the soil swelling, the sediment of the building, another soil movement. In addition, reinforced winds, as well as rains, can also influence the integrity of the entire building. It is to eliminate the various movements of the building over the walls and a concrete armoomas is performed. And how to make Armopoyas with your own hands and let's talk in this article.
Device Armopoya
Reinforcing belt or, as sometimes it is called seismopoy, makes it possible improve strength all at home and also allows prevent crawling wallsas a result of the movement of the soil with the foundation and under the influence of atmospheric phenomena. In addition, if you correctly do Armopoyas, he allows you to evenly distribute the load From the roofing or concrete floors on it.
Pay attention! Even if in the house of the overlap is equipped with a tree, the need to do Armopoyas does not disappear. The type of overlapping does not determine whether Aropoyas do or not. In any case, the belt should close all the walls.
With the appointment of Armopoyas, everything is clear. Now a few words about his design. An ordinary Armopoyas has two standard elements - a rigid volumetric framework from fittings, as well as concrete in which it is located. In general, everything is quite simple, but to make Armopoyas with your own hands without studying your features, it will probably be difficult.
How to make Armopoyas - sequence
In order to determine the complexity of the work, as well as for a more detailed analysis of how the reinforced belt is manufactured, we will carry out a breakdown of manufacturing technology into several steps. We can say that we give a specific instruction for the manufacture of Armopoyais.
Metal Framework Framework
Starting the frame assembly is necessary with the fact that the segment of the reinforcement should be installed at the top wall. To do this, you need to either just drive the segments if it allows the density of the material, or drill holes and insert pieces into them. The armature is set by the intersection points of the walls and throughout the perimeter of the structure after 1-1.5 meta. Segments are set by a square of four pieces, they will set the dimensions of the entire frame. After that, you need to fix the lower longitudinal range of reinforcements at a height of 3-4 cm from the top edge of the wall. For this knitting wire, longitudinal rods are tied to vertically established pins. Thus, two parallel running rods are fixed.
After the longitudinal reinforcement is installed, it must be connected to short jumpers by 2.5-3 cm. For jumpers, it is necessary to use the segments of the reinforcement.
Vertical segments are installed in this way. They will later be attached to the top longitudinal row of reinforcement. The top row will be attached in the same way and with the same step as horizontal. The length of the segments will depend on the overall thickness of the Armopoyas. Recommended 19-250 mm thick thickness. From these sizes and you need to determine the length of the vertical segments. The longitudinal rods of reinforcement are fixed to vertical segments, which are then fastened with transverse segments. In general, everything is exactly as well as with the lower level of longitudinal rods.
Opal
At this stage you can do in two ways: either install failure formworkOr do collapsible from boards. The most optimal option will be collapsible design. It is going almost that from any boards or sheet materials. In the process of building the formwork, it is necessary to monitor the upper edge - the differential should not be more than 1 cm.
An ideal option will be a combined system in which on one side it will be non-removable, and the second - to frozen the compound solution will be removed. If the facade is frozen by any material or warming up, then a non-removable polystyrene formwork can be placed on the front side, which will later become one of the elements of the insulation layer. On the inside can be set conventional board or OSB, fix that can be used with appliant hardware and fasteners. What you can not say about work with foam concrete, which has its own.
The most difficult moment here will be the connection of two parts of the Armopoyas formwork. Here it is necessary to approach with full responsibility and think about how to connect two opposite parts in such a way that the bonded concrete does not crush them around. To do this, on the upper edge of the formwork, you need to fix the wooden struts with a pitch of 30 - 40 cm, and you can also pull it with wire. To fix the wire, it is necessary to drill holes in the boards and turn through the wire, which is pulled by two parts of the design. After the solution is frozen, this wire is simply bitten by the windows and it will remain inside the Armopoya. After a screed, you can proceed to the next stage of the reinforcing belt.
Pouring concrete
Here everything is not enough enough, except for the rise of concrete inside the formwork on the top of the wall. But with this question can be easily sorted out when ordering. The firms that provide the services of the delivery of concrete there is the possibility of ordering a concrete pump, which is carried out by pumping the solution to any point of the Armopoya complimentary.
Let's still say a few words about quality concrete mix And about the method of her preparation, if you prepare it yourself. When ordering, the brand must be no lower than B15. But if you prepare on your own, then the composition will be as follows: one bucket of cement and two buckets of rubble and sand. The concrete mixture will be best prepared for the walk, because It will not strongly crush the formwork. However, such a solution has its own nuance - the mixture in the formwork must be thoroughly tamped and seal. In the ideal case, a deep vibrator is used for this, but it does not often occur in domestic construction. For seal, you can use either the segment of the reinforcement, or the segment wooden barwhich is thoroughly tamped the entire solution in the formwork.
Completion
The final stage of the production of Armopoyas with their own hands is the control of the pouring of concrete. Immediately after the fill of the concrete mix, it is best to cover the cell film. This is necessary to reduce moisture loss and the appearance of cracks in Armopoyas. A few days later, when the initial strength is recruited, the formwork can be removed (removable). By the way, we advise you to read the article "".
This is generally all. We only clarify one item that concerns the waterproofing of Armopoyas. Usually, Maurylalat is stacked on Armopoyas for further roof mounting. To do this, on the surface of the concrete you need to lay a runneroid or other modern bitumen material for waterproofing. Similarly, you can protect the basis of your roof from the incoming moisture from the walls.
When building a house from gas-silicate blocks, a prerequisite is the manufacture of armojois from a concrete solution. Armopoyas for aerated concrete is a monolithic layer of concrete, evenly distributed around the perimeter of the walls of the house. This design is an order of magnitude increases the reliability of the wall of aerated concrete and the whole structure. For one-storey house Aropoyas is recommended to do in the middle part of the wall and under the roof, and for the two-storey - between the floors and under the roof.
What is it needed for aropoyas in a house of aerated concrete
Many beginner builders do not fully understand, why need armoocas for the walls of the house. Especially if the structure is single-storey. In fact, the need for its construction proceeds from the following reasons:
- The belt binds together the whole design, being a kind of rigidity. This increases the resistance of the building with wind loads, seismic activity, soil movements in the area of \u200b\u200bconstruction, shrinkage of the building material. Without the presence of such a strengthen, the likelihood of cracking on the walls increases.
- All load on the walls is distributed evenly, which prolongs the operational resource of the house.
- Thanks to Armopoyas, the possibility of making window and doorways of any width appears.
- The fastening of the truck system on the roof is necessary very reliable, and the gas blocks cannot be provided.
Armopoya size
Armopleois dimensions depend on the walls of the wall itself:
- Armopoyas passes throughout the perimeter of the building, including internal walls.
- The height of the Armopoyasa may be less or equal to the height of the gasoblock. It is not recommended to make it more than 30 cm. This is an unjustified consumption of funds at the same degree of protection. In addition, there will be an increased load on the walls.
- The thickness of the armopoyas for aerated concrete can be equal to the wall thickness, and maybe less.
- It is recommended to make a cross section of Armopoya to make square. There is a conversion rule: a square section is more resistant to mechanical loads than rectangular.
Options for making Armopoyash
Some builders, in order to save, make Armopois from bricks. It represents 4-5 rows of bricks, between which fittings or reinforcement grid are laid. Since the brick belt is inferior to concrete, it can be used to build small buildings or hozblocks.
We will analyze how to make Armopoyas on a gas concrete method of monolithic fill. There are several options for the manufacture of Armopoyas, which are given below:
Using ready-made U-blocks
Such products are available. In the section of each U-Block there is a cutout where the reinforcement is laid and concrete is poured. The thickness of one wall is 10 cm, and the second - 5 cm. U-blocks are installed on the usual glue for aerated concrete at the beginning of the walls of the wall, and then connected in one row. Blocks are set by thicker sides on outdoor wall Buildings.
Above the door I. window passing Mounted wooden jumpers that are attached by vertical backups. The jumpers must be at one level with the top of the previous row of gas blocks.
This method has the ease and speed of installation, but is not popular in view of the high-cost U-blocks. Alternatively, you can independently make U-blocks, cutting the middle parts in them.
Use of good blocks
You can use for the manufacture of Armopoyas Dobly blocks of different thickness. For external walls, billets thick - 10 cm are used, and for internal - 5 cm. They are installed on the glue from above the previous row. To the outer blocks should adjust the insulation. At the interval between blocks, the reinforcement frame is stacked and concrete is poured.
Option with one-sided short block
Dobly blocks are used with a thickness of 10 cm. They are installed on glue from the outer part of the wall. The lists of extruded polystyrene foam 5 cm thick are inserted directly near the blocks. They are necessary to reduce the heat capacity of Armopoyas, to avoid the appearance of cold bridges. On the inside of the wall is mounted formwork. In the resulting niche, the reinforcement frame is made, after which a concrete solution is poured into it.
From the outside of the house, the concrete belt will not be visible, so you can perform any external finish with the same material.
Application of bilateral formwork
Formwork is installed on both sides of the wall. Inside formwork, close to her outdoor side, inserted a layer of insulation. After that, the frame of the reinforcement is mounted, and then the concrete is pouring inside the formwork. After soaring the concrete and removal of the formwork, the insulation must be embedded. Most often, this is done in conjunction with the plaster of the wall or her finish with sheets of foam.
How to make a formwork for pouring concrete
If at least one side of Armopoyais comes out of the building, it is required to build a mandatory formwork. It can be made from smooth boards, OSB, plywood sheets, laminated chipboard plates. Fastened formwork directly to aerated concrete walls With the help of wood screws. If boards are used, it is necessary to provide vertical jumpers providing stiffness of the structure.
Tip: The top of the formwork should be perfectly even so that the layer of concrete was the same in its thickness. Then a number of blocks that will fit on it will not change the geometry of the wall at home.
The horizontal jumpers fixing it on both sides are attached to the formwork on top of the formwork. The jumpers are fascinated by self-pressing or nails each 80-100 cm.
If the insulation layer goes to the outer wall of the house, and the wall decoration is not yet provided, it can be masked. For this, the formwork is installed not flush with the wall, but directly on the wall. After removal of the formwork, there remains a depth of about 3 cm, which is quite enough for the layer of finishing material.
Tip: The formwork is installed immediately throughout the perimeter of the walls. Thus, the preparation of Armopoyas is ensured for 1 occasion.
Concrete reinforcement
To increase the strength and rigidity of the concrete layer, it is necessary to perform its reinforcement. For this, metal or fiberglass fittings cross section 8-12 mm are used. Usually four rods of reinforcement laid along the walls. Armature binds to each other knitting wire every 50 cm with the formation of a square or rectangular frame. It is not recommended for welding for joining rods, as the metal will quickly start rust even inside the concrete layer in failed places.
The reinforcing frame should not lie on aerated concrete. It needs to be lifted over it about 3 cm. For this, special plastic locks for fittings are used. It is more convenient to perform a mating frame inside the formwork.
Fill Armopoyash
Consider how to properly pour Armopoyas with concrete mortar. This is recommended to use concrete M200 or higher. It can be bought in an already finished form or make independently from sand and cement M400 brand. For independent manufacture The proportions of the solution should be followed:
- Cement - 1 part.
- Sand - 3 parts.
- Crushed stone - 5 parts.
- Water - to density.
- Plasticizer - on the recombrusion of the manufacturer.
The concrete solution is mixed manually or with a concrete mixer. After that, the solution is poured inside the formwork. Using a metal pin, concrete is compacted with the removal of air bubbles from it.
Tip: Pull Armopois is recommended for one approach to prevent the bundle of several layers of concrete. If there is no such possibility, then wooden jumpers are installed on the surface of the flooded layer. After their removal, the surface of the concrete is moisturized, and then continue to fill.
After about 5 days, concrete will finally freeze. Formwork can be removed. During these days, Armopoyas is desirable to water water to give concrete of increased strength.
Features of the concrete belt under Mauerlat
We talked between the need to equip Aropoyas on a gasket between the floors. Is it necessary such a layer of concrete from the bottom of the attic overlap? Will there be too bulky house with several belts? Mauerlat can not be fixed directly to a row of gas blocks, since this material does not differ in high strength. From the effects of wind loads, fastening simply loosened, and the timber will shift from its place.
In addition, walls will be strengthened, which will exclude the appearance of cracks on them. 2 concrete belts are not too weighing the entire design, so you can not worry about the safety of the walls. Consequently, armopoyas is needed, but has its own characteristics.
Aropoyas for Mauerlat may differ in its dimensions in a smaller side, as it carries less load. In addition, only 2 reinforcement rods are often used to enhance the belt frame.
Mauerlat must be securely attached to Armopoyasa. For this purpose, even before the fill of the concrete solution, raise the hairpins with nuts vertically. Wooden bar Maurolalat is attached to concrete by these studs and is fixed on top with nuts.
There are no other differences in such a design.
A concrete armoomas made by all rules will provide a building from aerated concrete strength and durability, prevents the appearance of cracks on the walls, will make it possible to make a reliable roof. Having spent on the manufacture of a reinforced concrete belt of 2-3 days, you will extend the service life of the house several times.
Aropoyas - mandatory element When building a house that performs many important functions. About types, appointment and manufacturing technology reinforced belt We will talk in our hands in our article.
In general, the reinforcement belt is a monolithic reinforced concrete design, hailing carriers or at least the outer walls of the building. There are several names for this element: seismopoyas, discharge belt, reinforced belt, armopoyas, etc. In any case, it is a frame or a grid of reinforcement, filled with concrete. Required condition For any Armopoyasa - it should not be interrupted, and therefore the fill is performed in line without interruptions, at a time.
Armopoyas performs several basic functions:
- Strengthens the walls and does not give them to "disguise".
- Equally distributes the load on the walls of the lower floor from the side of the top walls.
- Allows you to avoid uneven shrinkage of the building and the formation of cracks.
- Performs masonry alignment due to the distribution of liquid concrete strictly in the horizontal plane.
- Sometimes point loads occur due to distortions or builder errors, and the use of Armopoya allows you to avoid these detrimental phenomena.
Depending on the construction method, the floors of the building, the formation of the foundation and the geological characteristics of the area are used from one to 4 reinforced belts.
When Armopoyas is not needed
Let's just say that inter-storey and drunken armoomas are always needed. In the case of a monolithic foundation on the pillow, Ruralsk and the base Armopoya are not needed.
They also do not apply during the construction of wooden and frame-panel houses, although sometimes the pile woodworks are used when the house is on swampy soil, and also when they want to additionally strengthen out so not so strong.
The pile woodlock performs the functions of the basement armojois, so that its structure is quite rational. If the woodlock is not made under the team ribbon foundation, then the second belt can also not be done, there will be no benefit from it, and stand for a house for a long time.
Types of reinforced belts
There are 4 main types of armoances:
- Scarlet, or subfunded Armopoyas, as well as the pile tours.
- Armopois between the foundation and walls of the building, the base Armopleomas.
- The reinforced belt on the top row of the walls to which the slabs of the overlap will be laid (intereth belt).
- The discharge belt under the roof to which Maurylalat will be attached.
If the flooding of the building increases, respectively, the number of inter-storey belts is growing. Now it is worth considering each of the listed reinforced belts separately.
Grillage
Scarlet is the bottom, most often underground Armopoyas, on which the walls of the belt foundation are based on. Also as painted as Armopoyas, which connects individual piles or piles of columnar or pile foundations. In this case, it most often plays the role of the base belt.
If the reinforced belt performs the function of the support of the walls of the ribbon foundation, then the trench must be pulled out to the depth, which the engineer must define, based on climatic, geodesic, seismic and other source data chosen for the construction of the area. The bottom of the trench falls asleep by sand in front of the crushed, sometimes clean sand, if the soil is solid and not water.
The height of the frame is usually 30-50 cm, and the width is from 70 to 120 cm. In contrast to other types of belts, the woodlock is laid under all carrying walls of the structure. The lower belt must be the most strong, because on it will stand the whole house. This element will experience the most serious loads associated with shrinkage and sliding of the soil, the effects of soil moisture, etc.
The reinforcement is better to use 12-14 mm with a transverse strapping of 10 mm. Pitch strapping - no more than 200 mm. First, we put two reinforcement rods with a length of 6 meters on the ground and weld the transverse piece of reinforcement along the edges and in the middle. The rest of the transverse pieces knit the wire, since the welding changes the strength of the reinforcement by means of temperature effects or, more easily, "releases" the metal.
Next, we make the same "ladder", after which at the ends and in the middle we weld these ladies crossing the cross, as before. The rest of the crossbar knit, just knit! So we got the reinforcement frame, which will be laid in Ruralsk. Dimensions (thickness and height) should be done with the calculation so that concrete covers the reinforcement by 5 cm from all sides. If the armature concerns the Earth or "look out" outside, it quickly rotates and the monolithic design will be broken.
This is the basis of the house, and it must be strong. It is better to make scarlet with a margin of strength of 20-30%, without sparing fittings and not saving on a brand of concrete. Subsequently, it will pay off.
The columnar screech also distributes the load and connects individual poles into one unit, not allowing them to drive around. It also does not allow to occur point shrinkage at home, and forces "to grow" the building in the soil is evenly and equally at all points
However, the pile and columnar Scarlet often perform from the tree, calling it the strapping. This is not considered Armopoyas.
After the walls of the collective belt foundation are built on a solid woodwork, for example, from concrete blocks or bricks, a reinforced belt reinforced again. The walls of the foundation can perform above the earth, there may be to be closed with it, Aropoyas we build regardless of it.
It is believed that if Scarlet is made correctly and its strength is no doubt, then the base belt can not be particularly strengthened. But we build "for centuries", so we will not save on the durability of the house and its strength, but the overruns also do nothing.
For example, it is believed that the base belt is arranged only around the perimeter external wallsBut if the floors are plates, it is better to do it on all carrier walls. If the external warming of the walls is not planned, then the width of the Armopleois is equal to the width of the wall. If the insulation is, then the width of the armory should be done, taking into account the insulation, or insert the prepared strips of polystyrene foam under formwork before the fill.
Reinforcement, in principle, quite and grid, i.e. without a frame. For the grid, we use three longitudinal rods 12 mm and the transverse rods are 10 cm. The belt height is usually 20-40 cm. It is better to make 40 or at least 30, it will be stronger and more reliable. Do not forget about waterproofing gaskets from a double layer of rubberoid or other material so that the moisture does not rise up into your house on the capillars of concrete. This, of course, does not cancel the waterproofing of the foundation, but still be sure to use.
Inter-storey reinforced belt
The inter-storey belt is constructed to strengthen the walls and the uniform distribution of the load from the plates to the entire box of the house. That is why this belt is called unloading.
He also does not allow the walls that seek to do this under the action of axial loads. Well, in the end, he lines the plane of the crown of the box, which can "walk" even when the Mason Master.
Inter-storey belts are better made with a frame of 4 longitudinal reinforcing rods 12 mm, 40 cm high and width like walls, taking into account the heat insulation. Stop it is necessary for all carrier walls. Many argue that only Screek need to put under all the walls, but the slabs of the overlaps will put pressure on everything bearing structuresTherefore, the Inter-Station Armopoyas is better to do on all walls.
Crying or Mauerlat Armopoyas
It is also a fairly important belt. First, it distributes the load from the rafting system, the frontones and roofs in general. Secondly, it allows us to secure Maurylalat. Thirdly, he, again, aligns the horizontal of the box, which is important for the successful construction of the rafter system, where geometric accuracy is important.
The last Armopoyas is performed by analogy with the previous one. If the laying of the plates is not planned, then the belt is mounted around the perimeter of the outer walls, and if inclined rafters, it does not interfere with the masonry on the middle carrier wall, to which the skate racks and liter will be rejected.
Formwork and concrete work
The formwork is usually performed from the boards that are going to the shields on the ground and are attached to the wall for quick installation. Sometimes the boards are stitched with reinforcement and tighten with welding by welding the knob. Also, the steel wire can also be performed, which is loaded into the drilled in advance of the holes and is tightened by a lever from the reinforcement or a metal bar.
Top view of the formwork board are connected by crashes of a bar or board. In general, ways to strengthen the formwork depend on the methods of fill: if the casting is made with sufficient height, then the formwork should be strengthened as much as possible. If the concrete is poured from Verder, then such reinsurance will not need. Special attention should be paid to the shakes of shields, corners and turns.
The lower part of the formwork takes the greatest load, so sometimes it is nailed by reinforcing with a welded jumper that does not allow the board to move away from the wall.
The reinforcement frame is stacked in such a way that the rods are closed from all sides with a layer of concrete at least 5 cm.
Since the fill is made at the height, it is advisable to use a concrete pump or a special funnel with a locking mechanism that will be filled with concrete and open as the need to fill the formwork. Such a funnel should be transferred to the lifting crane.
The foundations of monolithic casting, vibrations and other similar issues are described in detail in other articles, for example, "how to fill the foundation for the house." About the choice of cement can be read in the article "How to choose Cement". The only note on the work on the injection molding at the height is a question of security. It should also be gently producing vibration so as not to damage the formwork and frame.
Formwork is removed by a rubbish or lomik. In hot weather it can be done in a day, in the cold - it is better to wait two to three days. The brand of concrete should be used at least M400.
So, you found out:
- Armopoyas - the desired element of the system of the supporting structure.
- Armopoyais is several species, and they are all necessary under certain circumstances.
- Armopoyas is not a constracking element.
- The cost of the reinforced belt justifies the benefits gained.
Of course, it is better for all work to determine the parameters, applicability, necessity and other features of this constructive element, and experienced specialists were engaged in its manufacture. This is the part, to redo which is almost impossible, and the functions it performs important. Therefore, save better on something with something else: wallpaper or railing on the porch, but not on Armopoyas.
04.06.2018Question: What is the reinforced firming belt and its device
Nowadays, all construction technologies are mainly aimed at ensuring the maximum stability of the builded buildings and to increase the resource of operation. After all, construction objects are subjected to the colossal impact of natural factors. Therefore, construction designs need to be strengthened properly. One of these fortifications and is Aropoyas.
Aropoyas - what it is
Armopoyas is a monolithic reinforced concrete contour, which is placed on all the main walls of the building, tying them into a single frame.
The main task of the Armopoya is to distribute the uniform load on the bearing walls of the building and on the foundation.
The reinforced belt is laid at several levels of the building under construction, in the foundation, under the slab overlapping and under Mauerlat (Bar on, which relieves roof rafters).
What functions performs Armopoyas
Several reasons can be distinguished, which determine the need for the Armopoyas device during the construction of the house:
- The increase in spatial rigidity - the reinforced belt binds the building structure to one whole and performs the function of a rigid frame, so that the building receives additional stability against negative factors, wind loads, soil movements, earthquakes;
- Uniform load distribution - the monolithic belt protects the foundation and walls from cracks and does not allow heavy slabs of ingred and inter-storey overlaps to sell fragile aerated concrete and foam concrete;
- The implementation of the openings - the reinforced concrete belt allows without the use of special jumpers to do open the openings of any width for doors and windows;
- The connection of the rafting roof system with walls is a monolithic armopoyas ensures a hard and reliable mount for mounting a rafting roof system, especially important when the walls of the structure are lined with light blocks.
Is armopoyas always needed?
Strengthening at home is not always. Consider situations in which you can neglect the construction of Armopoyas:
- the foundation is located on a robust soil: rock soil, large and large-chip sand, soil is not saturated with water;
- walls of the house will be laid out of the brick;
- the walls of the house will be built from arbolite blocks, a thickness of at least 30 cm and durability is not less than B2.5;
- building cottagewhose overlap will be made of wooden beamsand not from concrete slabs.
In the event that the soil on the site is weak and not very steady, for example, dust sand, lessisa, clay, loam or peatman, then the construction of Armopleois is necessary.
The same if the walls of the house are built from light and fragile ceramzite-concrete, foam concrete or aerated concrete blocks - the answer is obvious, Aropoyas is needed! This is because these blocks are not designed for soil movements and point loads emanating from the slab overlap.
Armopoyash construction technology
The technique of the device of the monolithic armojois is similar to the fill technology of a conventional monolithic foundation:
- Fit and installed frame of reinforcement;
- Formwork is installed;
- Concrete poured.
Some additional nuances, subtleties and minor changes in technology depend on the location zone of the reinforced concrete belt.
Types of Armopoyasa or Location Zone
Basic unloading armooois or Base (Level 1 - under the foundation) - There are great efforts on this design from the entire mass of the building and the soil reaction. The base will be intensified by the reinforcement frame, repeats the location of capital walls and is concreted when the ribbon foundation is generated.
Ground Armopoyas (2 level - above the foundation) - the width of this belt must correspond to the thickness of the walls and proportionally to distribute the efforts acting on the basis.
Armopoyas between floors under the slabs - This is a solid reinforced concrete belt located between the upper walls of the house and located between the floors. concrete slabs Overlapping. His task is to ensure the immobility of the bearing walls and prevent the appearance of cracks in them. It distributes the load from inter-storey plates on the contour of the building and reduces the probability of deformation of the openings.
Aropoyas last floor under Mauerlat - This reinforced belt is flooded after the construction of the last floor and serves as the basis for Mauerlat. It compensates for the load from the roof itself and additionally from precipitation, snow and wind.
Armopoyas first level (under the foundation)
In order to significantly reduce the pressure of the house on the ground, Aropoyas under the foundation should be made by 30-40 cm wide of the main concrete tape of the foundation. And its thickness, depending on the number of floors, can vary from 40 cm to 50 cm.
Armopois of the first level is made under all the bearing walls of the structure, and not only around the perimeter of the external walls. The reinforcement frame for it is made exclusively by mating, and no welding. Welding can only be used in the preliminary connection of the main reinforcement into the overall spatial structure.
The diameter of the main reinforcement is 16-20 mm. The diameter of the transverse clamps is from 8 to 10 mm. Step - no more than 20 cm.
It is very important that when pouring concrete to the foundation, the reinforcement frame does not come into contact with the base. The valve must be recessed in the middle. You can achieve this by placing pebbles or halves of bricks. It will save metal carcass from the corrosion process (rust).
The fill of the reinforced belt concrete should be done in one approach. It is necessary in order to avoid joints that reduce the strength of the structure.
Second Level Armopois (on the foundation)
Before starting to build walls on the foundation, you need to pour the base reinforced belt. In essence, it is a continuation of the main foundation and serves as an additional strengthening of the construction.
If there were 8 rods of the main reinforcement for the mating frame for the first level of the framework, then 4 rod of reinforced belt of the second level will be sufficient to use 4 rod of the reinforcement with a diameter of from 14 to 18 mm and the clamps with a diameter of 6 to 8 mm.
The design is poured around the perimeter of the building along the outer walls. The height of the average is obtained from 20 to 40 cm. Concrete for the fill of the basement Armopoyas - M200 or higher.
The reinforced belt of the first level is the basis of the house, and the base belt is a supplement and strengthening of the bearing abilities of the Armopoyas for the foundation. Therefore, if the armopoyas of the first level was chosen qualitatively, then the belt of the second level (basement) can be made not so durable.
In general, we can say that the combination of high-quality armices of the first and second level is a guarantee of the reliability and durability of the foundation on any soils.
Armopoyas under the slab overlapping
If built multi-storey building, The ceiling slabs carry out heavy loads on the walls. In order to reduce this load, on the altitude of the pairing, between the wall and slabs of the overlap, it is also necessary to install a reinforced belt. It is poured around the perimeter of external walls and has a height of about 20 to 40 cm. As for the width of Armopoyais, it is desirable should be equal to the width of the wall.
The distance between the stove and the belt should not exceed 1-2 brick width. The ideal distance will be from 10 to 15 cm.
The vending of the reinforcement frame for an inter-storey belt is performed in the form of a mesh of two-housing reinforcing rods with a thickness of 10 to 12 mm thick.
If the laying of the building walls is performed from aerated concrete blocks, then two thin blocks can be set as a formwork on the edges and to install the reinforcement frame between them and pour concrete.
For the walls with a thickness of 40 cm, 10 cm of partition blocks can be used as a formwork.
If the wall thickness is less than 40 cm, then in the standard gas-concrete unit, you can cut the chute to styling the reinforced belt into it. Or in advance to buy a special gas-concrete U-unit with a ready-made chute.
Armopois under Maurylalat
The reinforced belt that is installed under the roof provides the possibility of durable roof mounting (Maurylalat + rafters) and the installation of wooden and concrete floors between the attic and the last floor.
Aropoyas for Maurylalat, compared with other belts, the smallest in width. This is permissible since the vertical load, which falls on this belt is the most minimum.
Mauerlat is attached to Armopoyasu using anchor spills with a thread, the diameter of which should be from 10 to 16 mm. In the dependence on the bolt shape, they are welded to the reinforcement frame or simply inserted into the concrete and due to benutness are held in it.
In order not to face difficulties, the location of the anchor studs and the distance between them need to be calculated in advance so that in the future they turned out to be in the middle between the rapid structures. After filling with concrete, the length of the spills should be sufficient to install Maurolat and fixing it with two nuts and a washer, this is about the height of Mauerlat + 4 cm.
Also, in the manufacture of the reinforcement frame, it is necessary to take into account its width and height so that when concrete is flooded, there was no less than 3-5 cm between the frame and the outer surface of the concrete.
Arkrpic belt
In the construction of large houses, especially several storey, it is obligatory to make a firming belt strictly from reinforced concrete, but for small household buildings, where there is no powerful strengthening, the belt is laying out of the brick.
Armo design brick belt It is from 3 to 5 rows of brickwork, reinforced by reinforcement grid. In the seams of each row of bricks, a steel mesh from a wire with a diameter of 4-5 mm is placed, with a cell size of approximately 3-4 cm.
The width of the brick belt should be equal to the width of the carrier wall.
Sometimes to enhance the strength of the structure, the bricks are not hosted horizontally, but vertically to the ends.
Do I need to warm Armopoyas
In thermal insulation plan, the reinforcing belt does not show itself very well and a certain amount of heat is lost through it in winter. Because of which condensate can be formed from the inside, which leads to the formation of mold.
To avoid this, during the construction of Armopoyas, it needs to be insulated from the outside with the help of thermal insulation materials.
"And what to warm Armopoyas," you ask. Answer options to this question are several. The most common material is polystyrene foam, but you can also use foam and aerated concrete.
The main thing, before viscating the reinforcement frame and the fill of concrete, you need to consider and do not forget to leave the space (from the outer edge of the wall) to lay the insulation.
What brand of concrete is needed for armoo
For the manufacture of reinforced belt under inter-storey overlap and rafter systems minimum demand It is the use of a M200 or M250 concrete brand, and it is possible above. The required concrete can be purchased ready or knead it from the M400 cement.
In order to make concrete on its own, it is important to know the proportions of the components.
The amount of water in concrete should be minimal, and a plasticizer is used to impart plasticity - an additive which increases the mobility and fluidity of concrete.As for the watercraft ratio. It should be between 0.5 to 0.7 per unit of cement, in other words, 10 to 7 parts of water must be from 5 to 7 parts of the cement.
The excessive amount of water in concrete negatively affects its characteristics and makes it not so durable.
The cost of the fill of Armopoyasa
The cost of Armopoyas is calculated for all specific projects is always individually. Intecting the main parameters of the structure and materials of which will be built a house.
First of all, depending on which the walls of the building are laid out, the technology of manufacturing armored aircraft for the foundation is determined, for Malueriat (roof) and if there are several floors in the building, then for inter-storey floors.
As a rule, the strengthening belt is necessarily needed in the construction of a house of lightweight materials, such as aerated concrete, slagobetone, foam concrete, polysterolbetone, ceramzite concrete and arbolito concrete. It is because blocks of these materials do not have high strength and fear of high seismic activity, unstable soils and point pressure From the roof.
Calculate the cost of fill the Armopoyarsan is a simple task, since the houses are almost always different and there are many factors in each project that will affect the final price.
If you consult a private program for the services of a private program, then it will help determine and calculate all the work on the Armopoyasadl device of your home.
The cost of fillings of the reinforced belt will stand 250 rubles. For meter running.
Trust professionals
Trust Montajarmopoya is worth only professional builders.
Choosing performers, pay attention only to highly specialized professionals, which are not first known in their field and are familiar with the features of the installation of this type of structures.
The cost of work should include a brigade, all necessary for the construction of equipment and equipment.
With a qualified construction team you can make reliable design At home, and an experienced foreman will help you minimize time and expenses on the estimate.
To find out the price of Aropoyas in the project of your home, contact our specialist, by the contacts specified on the site.