Myrtle tree at home for what. Common myrtle

One of indoor plants The origin of which is closely intertwined with mythology is a myrtle tree capable of boasting not only beauty, but also useful properties. In many legends, it is myrtle that can be found - in Greek mythology it is considered the tree of the goddess of love Aphrodite; in biblical legends, a branch of this particular plant was brought by Adam from paradise, as a memory of lost happiness. IN modern world, this plant is considered a symbol of purity and peace. Its beneficial properties are honored. Therefore, it is often decorated with branches. wedding bouquets By the way, this tradition came to us from the shores of the Baltic Sea, where brides grew a myrtle tree on their own so that their marriage was happy. The myrtle tree is not demanding - caring for it at home consists in loosening and watering, spraying the deciduous mass. We will tell you how to grow a myrtle tree at home below.

Today, let's find out in more detail about what this plant is, how to care for it at home, and also see it in the photo.

The homeland of the myrtle tree is considered to be the Mediterranean Sea basin, where it grows up to 3 meters in size. IN indoor conditions it can reach 60 cm, and with proper and careful care 1 meter. In the photo below you can see beautiful trees that have taken root well at home.

The flowers of the myrtle tree are somewhat reminiscent of the apple blossom. They are usually pink or white and quite fluffy due to the long golden stamens. In diameter, the inflorescence can reach 3 cm, it is located on a thin pedicel and usually one at a time. Myrtle flowers are very fragrant due to the content of a fairly large amount of essential oils.

Myrtle leaves are quite fleshy and have a leathery, dark green surface. On closer inspection, you can see small dark specks in which the content of essential oils is concentrated. On the shoots, the leaves are located opposite, as shown in the photo below. They also have a very pleasant, but less pronounced aroma, which is why they are often used as spices in some countries.

When the myrtle fades, a fruit is formed that may have a dark green or dark blue color... It can also be used as a spice. In fact, the well-known "spicy clove" is the fruit of the myrtle tree. Due to the content of a large amount of useful essential oils, they are quite useful and popular in the world of cooking. There can be no more than 7 seeds in the fruit of myrtle, which are used to grow the tree at home and in the open field.

There are more than 100 species of myrtle tree, but only one is cultivated at home - it is called common myrtle, it does not grow more than 60-70 cm in height and is considered quite compact and useful. This and other species of this plant can be seen in the photo below.

Useful properties of myrtle tree

It's not a secret for anyone that the myrtle tree is either at home or in its natural environment as a plant with a number of useful properties. For example, the fumes of its essential oils kill harmful microbes in their surroundings, making the air cleaner. Some housewives plant such a plant in their home, as some folk signs it is believed that myrtle can bring happiness and peace to households. But, as you know, there is a grain of common sense in this. Vapors of essential oils have a rather beneficial effect on nervous system and in folk medicine often these substances are used as an excellent sedative. Beneficial features the myrtle tree doesn't end there.

Among other things, the myrtle tree at home helps in the treatment of respiratory diseases and colds. Many owners of myrtle observe that if you start such a plant, then immunity will increase, as well as the functions of the reproductive system will improve, it is not for nothing that they call it sacred tree goddess of love.

Myrtle essential oils not only act as a sedative, they are often used to treat varicose veins and in dermatology. This even applies to official medicine.

It is worth saying that the myrtle tree at home can reflect the condition and health of its owner. At the same time, with the help of such a plant, you can safely cure a depressive state and get rid of melancholy and sadness once and for all.

Perhaps the phrase "will bring happiness to the house" is confirmed Scientific research, but the fact that this tree is truly unique and mystical is said by many of its owners. So, some girls, after having acquired such a living decoration, quickly found their happiness in their personal lives and gained peace of mind. Perfectly such a tree is also suitable for a family, if there is discord in it, then it will bring peace and tranquility to all members into the house and help all household members become friends.

Growing a myrtle tree at home

There are two ways to grow a myrtle tree at home - by cuttings or seeds. Both of these methods are quite effective, but in the first case, the myrtle will bloom in the second year, and in the second, in the third. In order to grow a tree from seeds, they must be collected from soft fruits, when they are typed and become purple in color. The berry sits directly in the ground and is watered. Already after 1-2 weeks, a green growth is formed from the seeds. Growing is a long process, you can buy ready-made cuttings.

As for reproduction with the help of cuttings, here it will not be difficult to grow a myrtle tree at home. To do this, take a lignified cutting, soak it in any root-forming solution and plant it in citrus soil. After that, the future plant is covered with transparent glass or cling film to create a greenhouse effect.

In order to grow a healthy myrtle tree, you need to make groundbait. For this, complex fertilizers are used once or twice a month, as well as every week of spring and summer (during the active vegetative period).

In addition, for the formation of a beautiful and neat shape, the tree must be shaped. This is done periodically - new shoots are removed. Only in this way can a tree be obtained, otherwise it will be a shrub that is found in its natural habitat.

Crown formation is also beneficial for plant growth. With its help, you can grow a beautiful, neat tree with lush flowering. Flowers and leaves will form on new shoots, thus creating a rather impressive crown.

Enemies of the myrtle tree, even at home, are aphids, spider mites and scale insects. Special insecticides are used against them, and a soap solution can act as one of them. Chemicals use is strictly prohibited.

Home care and transplantation of myrtle

At home, myrtle should be looked after and cherished. beautiful tree even in winter. This plant definitely deserves a very responsible owner who is able to create all the necessary conditions for it. So that our readers can become such, let's find out the basic rules for caring for a myrtle tree at home, and also see a photo beautiful plants that you can grow for yourself.

First of all, it is worth talking about temperature conditions and humidity. Since the myrtle tree comes from tropical zones, it simply needs its own microclimate. That is why it is recommended to spray it with soft water from a spray bottle, especially if the apartment has hot batteries and stale air. The temperature in this microclimate should be from 18 to 23 degrees during the period of active growth. Only if this balance is observed can a tree please with a beautiful lush flowering.

Myrtle is a fairly light-loving plant, but you should not indulge it with direct sunlight, especially if the thermometer outside shows more than 30 degrees. If the temperature does not exceed 30 degrees, then the myrtle tree can be taken out to Fresh air- this will contribute to stronger shoot growth and abundant flowering. It is especially good if you take it out on the terrace, in the garden or put the myrtle on the balcony after rain, so you can please it with sufficient humidity in the air.

In the spring, it is necessary to prune new shoots of the plant and transplant it, but not more often than once every two years. Transplanting it gives growth to new roots and shoots.

Winter time is a rest for the myrtle tree. The best climate for him during this period will be a bright room with a temperature of no more than 8 degrees. If suddenly leaves began to fall off it, this indicates that the temperature is high. If there is no way to reduce it, you do not need to worry, new leaves will grow in the spring.

Myrtle is Greek for “balm”.

This cute tree belongs to the myrtle family.

It grows well in Africa in the north, Asia, the Caribbean, Florida.

The leaves of this plant are dark green in color with barely visible veins, which are visible only in the light due to their density and leatheriness. They are oblong in shape with pointed edges. Myrtle leaves contain aromas and essential oils.

The plant blooms white and pink... The flowers themselves are fragrant. The fruits are black berries that can be eaten.

The care is not very easy, but also not too difficult, as it might seem at first glance.

Flower value

Myrtle - amazing plant.

Healing effect

The pot should not be too large in size. You need to focus on the volume of the crown of the myrtle, the container should be chosen half as much as it is. Drainage must be placed at the bottom.

The desire to immediately plant a plant in a large pot is a big mistake. The plant simply does not have enough strength. A tree at the age of three years should sit in a pot with a diameter of 12 cm.

Reproduction

Cuttings

To propagate a plant for the first time, you should wait for winter, preferably January.

The second time, breeding takes place in the spring or in July.

Flowers after such reproduction will appear at 3-4 years of myrtle life.

Seed propagation

Seeds are sown on the soil surface and sprinkled with a small layer of substrate. It is important to create a greenhouse effect.

For this, the container is covered with foil or glass. The temperature in the room should be between 18 and 20 degrees. Mandatory conditions are seed ventilation and soil moisture.

Usually shoots appear in 2 weeks. Transplanting into small pots begins when a full pair of leaves appears. Caring for young plants is similar to that of adults.

Flowering after the propagation of myrtle by seeds appears after 5 years.

Cropping and shaping

What is pruning essentially? This is the ability to give the plant the desired shape.

As a rule, the procedure is carried out in the spring. You can increase the density of the crown by pinching young shoots and this can be done at any time.

Pruning and pinching can take a long time. As soon as the pot was brought home from the store, you should immediately resolve the issue with the shape of the plant.

If a shrub is preferred, the tree should be trimmed at the top. By removing the sides, you can get splendor.

If you do nothing at all, then the shape over time becomes like a pyramid. However, this will not affect flowering in any way. Frequent cropping and pinching can reduce the number of colors.

The uniqueness of myrtle is that there is a possibility of changing its shape.

It is a defragmentation tree. But the main thing is not to get carried away with this process.

A young plant has an immature trunk and it will be difficult for it, for example, to keep a lush crown cap on itself. It makes sense to wait a bit and give the myrtle a chance to grow stronger.

Diseases and pests

Dry air damages the tree and it can be affected. spider mite. It destroys the lower part of the leaves of the flower and envelops it with white cobwebs.

To combat, spraying and wiping the leaves with water or tobacco infusion, only very weak, is used. Suitable for destruction spider mite universal insecticides.

Often the flower eats aphid... You can notice it on the underside of the leaflet. Aphids eat the sap of the plant. This is what causes the leaves to fold and dry.

You can get rid of this scourge with insecticidal agents.

If the stems and leaves of the myrtle began to become covered with dark spots, it means that scabbard infestation, which has already multiplied quite widely.

You can remove the shield with a swab soaked in water, and then be sure to spray the plant with either an insecticide or a solution of soap.

Myrtle has long been known. It was mentioned by the ancient Egyptians, Romans and Greeks. In ancient times, when people set out on a long journey on foot, they took with them a branch of a myrtle tree.

They believed that Myrtle gives vigor and strengthens the strength of the traveler. An infusion was made from the leaves of myrtle, they rubbed the face with it - this refreshed and cleansed the skin. Wine infusion was made from the fruits of myrtle, which was considered the elixir of youth and health.

In Rome, this tree was dedicated to the goddess of beauty Venus. Myrtle groves grew around the temples. This is a tree of purity, prosperity and happiness.

Why is this plant useful?

The most important trace elements, amino acids, proteins, tannins and various resins were found in it.
Myrtle contains a lot of biologically active substances, which, even with a 10-fold dilution, are capable of killing pathogenic microbes.
If you have a myrtle in your apartment small tree, then it will destroy many pathogens.

The properties of Myrtle are used for diseases of the liver, intestines, and urinary bladder. For the treatment of pneumonia, bronchitis, flu, tonsillitis, anemia, hemorrhoids. Myrtle is also used for some female diseases and even mental disorders.

Compresses of their Myrtle leaves are made to treat burns and wounds.
The antibacterial properties of this wonderful tree are used to make decoctions and tinctures, and if you insist on alcohol or oil, then they are used to lower blood cholesterol and treat ulcers in the oral cavity. The essential oils of this tree, which are obtained from the leaves of the plant and fruits, destroy the causative agents of tuberculosis and sore throat.

I have had this tree for several years and I did not know about its such wonderful qualities. It's a shame.
When I was offered it, I took it, because the care for it is minimal, so I was told. Well, I looked after him minimally, as a result, he crumbled all over several times, and stood naked, I already wanted to throw him out, but my hand did not rise, still alive. I began to water it vigorously, and it came to life, which I was glad.

Yes, I was also told that it does not bloom, but probably in gratitude that I did not throw it away, Myrtle bloomed with small, white, beautiful flowers.

At this point I was absolutely delighted. She told everyone that he had bloomed, but no one believed me. I transplanted it into a large pot and it got very big. Now I use dry twigs and leaves instead of tea leaves.
Myrtle is called "the tree of family happiness".

Fanned by legends and traditions - so you can say about the beautiful myrtle, this plant was noticed by people in ancient times. Among the ancient Romans, myrtle symbolized everlasting love and marriage, the Jews have peace, the Egyptians have joy, the Chinese have fame and success, in Europe the plant personifies innocence and youth. And in Greece, the custom is still alive: when passing by a plant, pick a twig or leaf for a happy and long life... The myrtle tree has earned such fame not only for its beauty, although the slender trunk, crowned with a magnificent crown, is very elegant, but also for its useful properties. Florists claim that in a house where this plant is located, they rarely catch colds and do not suffer from allergies. It is not so easy to grow the legendary myrtle at home, for this you need to know the features of care.

Description and origin

The legendary myrtle is widespread in the regions where human civilization originated. Perhaps that is why so many myths and legends are associated with this plant. His homeland is northern Africa, southern Europe and the center of Asia. Myrtle groves grow along the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, later the closest relatives of the tree were discovered in Central America and the Atlantic islands. There are about fifty species in the plant genus. Some of them are almost completely destroyed and are under protection.

The tree is called paradise, or Adam's. According to legend, Adam, leaving Eden, grabbed a myrtle twig as a reminder of carefree times and hope for the creation of Paradise on a sinful earth.

Myrtle in its natural environment is an evergreen tree up to 5 meters in height or a shrub with a branched crown. The leaves are elongated, small and harsh, and the flowers, white or pink, are rich in essential oils. They, as well as dark blue fruits, have long been used in medicine, cosmetology and cooking. And its wood is considered the best fuel for the smokehouse, the dishes cooked on it have an exquisite taste.

In home floriculture, the plant has been known for almost half a thousand years. Indoor trees usually do not grow taller than a meter. They have an even stem and twigs covered with bark. Glossy, leathery and small (1 to 5 cm) leaves smell good when rubbed.

Plants bloom from the age of five. In the spring, fragrant white or cream flowers with bent delicate petals bloom. And the middle is fluffed up with needles of long stamens. There are so many of them that the inflorescence resembles a hemisphere. If the myrtle is successfully pollinated, berries will be tied, black with a bluish bloom.

There is no consensus about the origin of the plant name. It is associated with the Greek name of the nymph Mirsina, according to the myth, after her death at the hands of Athena, myrtle appeared. And from the Latin language "myrtus" is translated as incense.

Indoor myrtle is as graceful as its tall cousin. It is perfect for landscaping any interior. However, this plant still cannot be called popular. IN winter gardens and greenhouses, myrtle is a frequent inhabitant. But you rarely see him in houses and apartments. Florists fear that they will not be able to cope with the cultivation of the Mediterranean beauty. Their fears are not unfounded. Flower does not apply to very light crops.

This tree will require attention and care. He needs a lot of light and humidity all year round, coolness in winter, his dense crown needs to be cut. But he loves this procedure. Charming complex bonsai are grown from the tree.

Even the usual, no frills, myrtle tree attracts the eye. And if it also blooms, you can't take your eyes off. Making friends with a plant is easy if you know its habits. Besides, growing a whimsical symbol of peace and love will surely bring the family together.

A sprig of this plant is a must-have in a bridal bouquet or wreath at weddings in Germany, Great Britain and the Baltic countries. It is believed that the plant keeps love and family happiness.

Video: useful properties of myrtle

Types and varieties of home plants

Despite the diversity of the myrtle family, only the species communis (ordinary), its subspecies and varieties, has taken root at home. They differ in size, shape, color of leaves and flowers, as well as sizes. Let's talk in more detail about the most famous indoor species.

1. Common myrtle (communis) grows best at home. In nature, this is a tree or shrub no higher than 4 meters. At home, his height usually does not exceed a meter. The leaves of the plant have the shape of an elongated oval, 4–5 cm long, they are bright green, hard and shiny. Small white flowers smell nice.
2. Swamp myrtle (his popular name- Cassandra) is a meter-long shrub with straight shoots and a spreading crown. Leaves on short petioles, up to 4 cm long. White or cream flowers are arranged in tassels at the ends of the branches. This plant, evergreen in the southern regions, has adapted to frost and became deciduous in temperate climates. As an indoor culture, it is rare.
3. Myrtle Hymen is a kind of common. This is a bush or tree about a meter high. The leaves are bright green, small. The flowers are solitary, about 2 cm. The petals are snow-white, long golden stamens fill the entire center. At home, it is easy to pollinate and set fruit. Blue-black berries, like flowers, are fragrant. Myrtle, named after the god of family ties - Hymen, is considered a symbol of fidelity and youth, it is also called the happiness of the bride.
4. Large-leaved myrtle has tetrahedral shoots and oval-pointed rather large (5–7 cm) leaves. Long pedicels have white flowers with yellow-gold stamens. This variety is famous for its more pronounced medicinal properties.
5. Myrtle Alhambra is a variety with leathery oval leaves. The flowers are very fragrant, the fruits of an unusual greenish-white color and elongated shape, with a pleasant smell. In the south it is cultivated as garden plant, grows in temperate latitudes in room conditions.
6. Myrtle Tarentina is a dwarf bushy form. Differs in rapid growth. The leaves are no more than one and a half centimeters. The bloom is very abundant and aromatic. A variegated variety - Tarentina Variegata - has been bred. And the Granada variety has a creamy fruit.
7. Lemon myrtle is a rare plant in indoor floriculture. Its leaves and yellowish inflorescences smell like lemon. From this myrtle get essential oil make syrups. The dried leaves and flowers are used as spices.
8. Common myrtle varieties Flore Pleno is distinguished by rather large pointed leaves and double snow-white flowers.
9. Variegata myrtle is a tree with oval-elongated variegated leaves. They come in yellow and white and green, with colored stripes or edges. The flowers of this myrtle are white or light beige, with a characteristic aroma.
10. Microfilla is a slow-growing dwarf variety of myrtle. The tree usually grows no more than 60 cm. It has very small (up to 1 cm) leaves and miniature single flowers. Due to its compact size and thick microfilla crown, it is well possible to form indoor bonsai.
11. There is a variegated (variegated) form of microfilla myrtle. The tiny leaves are white-green.
12. Boethica is another myrtle variety best suited for bonsai creation. It is a flexible and slow growing plant. The stem can be easily given its original curving shape. The leaves of this myrtle are rather large and more tender than other varieties.

Myrtle highlights a large number of useful phytoncides that destroy pathogens, including causative agents of acute respiratory diseases. It also fights allergies.

One of the earliest skin toners contained myrtle oil. Ancient Greek and Roman women made a cleanser from the leaves and flowers of the plant.

Large-leaved, small-leaved, variegated, dwarf, ordinary and others in the photo

Myrtle Alhambra has very fragrant flowers, and the fruits of a greenish-white color Swamp myrtle with flower tassels Myrtle Boethica is a flexible and slowly developing tree The variegated myrtle has oval-elongated variegated leaves of a variegated color Large-leaved species has the largest leaves Lemon myrtle is rarely grown in indoor floriculture Variegated myrtle has a dense and variegated crown Microfilla is a dwarf slow-growing variety of myrtle
Myrtle varieties Hymen are distinguished by flowers with many golden stamens Myrtle ordinary (communis) is well adapted to home conditions Myrtle Tarentina grows rapidly Myrtle Flore Pleno with double snow-white flowers

Video: getting to know the culture

Conditions for indoor myrtle (table)

Season	Lighting	Humidity	Temperature
Spring	Bright light, some direct sun will be helpful. Any side except the north is suitable for placing myrtle. With a lack of lighting, it does not bloom, and the leaves become smaller.	High, 60-70%. Spray the leaves frequently. During flowering with care, water should not get on the buds and flowers. Arrange the myrtle of souls, but be sure to cover the soil with a film so that there is no waterlogging. Place the pot with the plant in wet peat or moss, on a tray with pebbles, expanded clay and water the filler (the bottom of the pot should be above the water). Place a wide container of water, an aquarium, an electric humidifier or indoor fountain next to it.	Moderate, about 20 degrees. Myrtle loves fresh air, ventilate the room.
Summer	On a very hot afternoon, indoor myrtle, especially young plants, be sure to shade.		Moderate, better up to 25 degrees, maximum 27. For the summer, put a pot of myrtle on the balcony or garden. Fresh air stimulates flowering.
Autumn	If there is not enough light, add artificial lighting. With a short daylight hours, myrtle can shed its leaves.	Moderate, 50-60%, when kept cold. High, 60–70%, in a warm (+20) room. Humidify the air in any way you can. Do not place the plant next to heating appliances.	Moderate, 20-25 degrees. Lower it gradually. Bring the plant home from the street.
Winter			The temperature is cool plus 12-15 degrees. Myrtle cannot stand below +6 degrees. At high temperatures, myrtle can start falling leaves. Protect from cold drafts.

Video: the effect of lighting on the crown

Planting and transplanting from a pot

Young bushes, until they are three years old, are transplanted every spring, gradually increasing the size of the pot. Adult specimens do not grow quickly. And they need a transplant about once every 4 years or less. The plant should not change the pot if the roots have not taken over the entire land.

For good development, myrtle will need light, loose, moderately nutritious soil. High-quality drainage is very important - fine expanded clay, perlite, brick or ceramic chips.

Potting mix options:

• ready-made universal soil for indoor plants with the addition of coarse sand or chopped moss;
• sod land, peat, humus and sand in equal parts;
• two parts of leaf and peat land, plus one part of sod land and sand.

The pot needs about the same height and width, always with large drainage holes. The exception is the trees from which bonsai are formed, they will require a special low capacity. Myrtle grows well in plastic pots. But it looks more organic in ceramic. In addition, ceramics are heavier and more stable, which is important when the tree is tall. If you want to achieve flowering of a tree, do not choose a pot for growth, it should be a little tight.

We transplant myrtle

1. Prepare the pot, soil and drainage, sterilize everything.
2. We put a drainage layer at the bottom of the pot, and a little soil substrate on top.
3. On the eve, do not water the plant so that the earthen lump dries up a little, so it is easier to get it out of the old pot.
4. Carefully remove the myrtle from the old container.
5. We examine the roots. Remove the rotten ones. Carefully free several outer roots from the soil.
6. For better adaptation in a new pot, the roots can be treated with a stimulant (root).
7. We install the flower in a new pot, straighten the freed roots.
8. Carefully fill the space between the earthen lump and the walls of the pot, shaking it.
9. We compact the soil with our fingers, being careful not to damage the roots.
10. Water the tree abundantly and spray its crown. Humid air will help you adapt faster.
11. For about a week or, if necessary, keep the transplanted myrtle in partial shade for longer. Then we put it in a permanent place and take care of it as usual.

Video: how to transplant myrtle

Care

As already mentioned, myrtle is not the easiest plant to care for. He needs high humidity, well-regulated watering and coolness during the rest period. Myrtle reacts to florist errors by dumping foliage. But I must say that this tree is still tenacious. Sometimes completely bald myrtle could be brought back to life.

Watering and feeding

Myrtle is very sensitive to soil moisture. It does not tolerate stagnation of moisture at the roots, water must be drained from the pan. And the tree of paradise cannot stand the drying out of the soil at all. A dry earthen lump leads to yellowing of the leaves, wilting and leaf fall.

Therefore, when watering, follow the rule: regularly, but little by little. Be sure to use only soft water. Check the soil in the myrtle pot often. Once the surface layer has dried, moisten it. In spring and summer, myrtle should receive water on demand, in autumn and winter (if the temperature is low), the interval between watering should be increased.

During spring growth and preparation for flowering, myrtle will be happy with moderate feeding. He will like mineral complexes for flowering plants... They are brought into watered soil every 2-3 weeks. During the rest period, feeding is excluded.

Time to bloom and harvest seeds

Indoor myrtle does not always endow its owner with flowers. But if the plant likes the care, it blooms in the summer. It is a vibrant and aromatic phenomenon. The dense green crown of myrtle is abundantly covered with white fragrant flowers. They usually appear at the "crown" of the tree because the top is best lit.

In order for the flowering time of myrtle to come, a number of conditions must be met:

• cool winter calm with limited watering;
• abundant lighting all year round;
• with the arrival of heat (in spring and summer) - fresh air;
• cramped pot;
• early pruning at the end of winter, you can not remove young shoots, it is on it that buds are formed.

Blooming home myrtle is very susceptible to pollination. When the tree is outdoors, it will certainly attract pollinating insects. And with room maintenance, become a bee yourself. Use a regular paintbrush to brush over the flowers, transferring pollen. After a while, fruit ovaries will appear on the myrtle (they are edible). Under indoor conditions, the berries ripen successfully, and new trees can be grown from the seeds for good luck.

Dormant period

Winter for the paradise tree is a hibernation period. At this time, watering is reduced, but the soil is not brought to complete dryness. Myrtle will not tolerate this. For him, the ideal wintering is cool. The temperature will have to be lowered to + 12-15 degrees. It can be lower, but not less than +6. In warm regions, myrtle may well overwinter on a glazed balcony.

In the southern latitudes, myrtle is left to winter on a sheltered veranda or loggia, at temperatures of +6 degrees and above. In order for the myrtle to survive the winter comfortably, it is necessary to insulate the roots. Lay polystyrene under the container with the plant, mulch the top of the soil with peat or sawdust. And wrap the pot with foam rubber, batting or other insulation.

In the northern regions, it is more difficult to create optimal conditions... You can put the myrtle close to the cold window pane and screen it off from the rest of the room to keep it cool. When kept cold, a moderate level of air humidity is sufficient. It is necessary to cancel water procedures.

But it is possible and necessary to spray the foliage of myrtle if the temperature is around + 18–20 and above. Otherwise, dry air and heat will lead to leaf fall. Most likely, in the summer, myrtle will again grow a dense green crown. But after a warm winter, it is unlikely to bloom.

It doesn't matter what temperature your myrtle hibernates at. He should receive a lot of light even during dormancy, even in abundance, especially variegated varieties. Short daylight hours do not like the southern plant, help it by adding artificial lighting. But ordinary incandescent lamps are not suitable for this. Install special phyto-lamps, gas-discharge or fluorescent lamps. LED lamps act as efficiently as possible on plants.

Crown formation

The crown of myrtle will be thicker and prettier if it is regularly shaped. This plant responds very well to pruning. And a skilled hairdresser will give the green hairstyle any shape. It is only necessary to take into account that the procedure should be carried out at the end of winter, so that young shoots have grown by the time of flowering. Or in the fall after the bloom and before the winter holidays.

In summer, it is enough to pinch the tips of the shoots to form side branches.

From myrtle, you can grow a spherical (or other shape) bush, and also form a standard tree. In the first case, it is necessary to leave side branches at the bottom of the trunk, only shortening them by pinching. In the second, gradually expose the bottom of the stem, creating a fluffy hat at the top.

How to create a bonsai

Slow growing myrtle (e.g. microfilla and Boethica) - best material for the formation of bonsai. But it will take patience and several years of work to grow trees with original outlines. Please note that to create a bonsai, you need adult plants, at least three years old.

To grow mini-trees, you need not an ordinary pot, but a special low ceramic container. The soil should be rich in sand. So that myrtle grows very slowly, but constantly.

You will have to repot the plant more often, once a year or two. Each transplant, the roots must be shortened by half. For the formation, use a special copper wire. It cannot be used on young shoots and left on the tree for more than six months.

How to form a bonsai

1. Spiral wire around the trunk and adult branches.
2. Shape the barrel to the desired shape by gently bending it along with the wire.
3. Leave the myrtle entwined with wire for a few months, the younger the plant, the shorter this period (the longest 6 months).
4. Water the tree regularly and spray daily.
5. After 2-6 months, remove the wire by cutting it in several places.
6. Let the myrtle rest, and then repeat the procedure until you achieve the desired shape.

Bonsai plants are more thermophilic, they must be kept at a temperature of at least + 17 degrees, even in winter. There should be a lot of light, but no direct sun. In spring and autumn, myrtle bonsai is recommended to be fed with organic fertilizer, which decomposes slowly.

Care errors (table)

Manifestation	Cause	Elimination
Myrtle leaves dry and curl.	There is not enough moisture in the soil and air.	Adjust the watering mode. Spray the plant and humidify the air in other ways.
The ends of the shoots turn black and dry, the leaves fall off.	Too high temperature and dry air in winter. Or is it root rot due to waterlogging of the soil (how to deal with it, in the following table).	When wintering warm, provide the myrtle with high humidity.
The shoots are too stretched, and the leaves lose color.	Not enough lighting.	Place the plant in a brighter place, turn on artificial lighting in autumn and winter.
The leaves turn pale, curl up.	Excess sun.	In hot weather, shade the myrtle from the midday sun.

Reanimation of dried myrtle

Drying out of the earthy coma at the roots of the world leads first to leaf fall, and then, if you do not take action, to the death of the plant. But even lifeless, at first glance, myrtle can be tried to reanimate.

1. Continue to water and spray the plant in moderation.
2. If root system still alive, after two weeks the axillary buds on the lateral shoots will begin to wake up.
3. The upper branches that are no longer awakened should be cut off to help the myrtle regain strength.
4. New leaves and twigs grow slowly. After 2-3 months or later, a renewed bush will form.

Video: caring for a myrtle tree

Diseases and pests of myrtle

MealybugWhite, sticky fluff on the leaves. They turn yellow and die off.

1. Remove insects by hand.
2. Spray the plant with an insecticide or alcohol solution.

Reproduction of myrtle

The ancient Greeks planted whole myrtle groves around the temples. To enjoy the blossom and scent of the tree of paradise. At home, you can also grow a myrtle grove. Moreover, one plant will be enough to start. Myrtle can be grown well from cuttings and propagated by seeds.

Cuttings

It is better to propagate with stem cuttings myrtle in summer, when the plant is full of vigor. In addition, a sufficiently high temperature is required for rooting.

1. Cut half-barked cuttings (7-10 cm) from the side shoots of the myrtle.
2. Remove the lower leaves, treat the cut with a stimulant (root, epin, heteroauxin)
3. Prepare a greenhouse or small separate containers, fill them with a mixture of peat and sand, moisten. Plant the cuttings in the substrate.
4. Cover the seedlings with a transparent lid, bag, or something else.
5. Place in a warm (+25) and bright place. If grafting is done in winter, provide backlighting.
6. Air and moisturize the seedlings.
7. It will take about a month to form roots.
8. When the young myrtle has 4–5 leaves, transplant it into regular soil and a permanent pot.

Video: how to grow myrtle from a cuttings

Seeds

Florists often complain that purchased myrtle seeds have a low germination rate. Perhaps the problem is the shelf life. At the same time, the seeds obtained from home plant, the myrtle is successfully propagated.

Passing the flower garden, one cannot help but pay attention to some bright bush. And usually an idea arises, or maybe you need to plant a flower garden on your own? If it all started with good emotions, then the day flies by with much less losses. Growing plants is quite a favorite hobby that brings positive feelings not only to your own family but also to everyone around you. Flowers are a good decoration for every interior.

Adam's tree or Myrtle (Myrtus)

MIRT (Myrtus)

It is an evergreen ornamental-leaved shrub from the Myrtle family, with young leathery and shiny leaves and fragrant white or pink flowers. They have a surprisingly pleasant aroma. Homeland - Mediterranean. In the wild, myrtle is distributed in the subtropics, where there are about 70 species of it. Many species of myrtle are edible.

Cultivated as ornamental plant about 400 years. Under natural conditions, myrtle grows up to 3-5 meters in height, and in culture it rarely reaches 1 meter. Garden forms vary in leaves and fruit color, but they can only grow in mild climates. There are other related species, but one species is most often grown in culture: Common myrtle (Myrtus communis).

The name of the genus comes from the ancient Greek word tugop - "balsam", "myrrh". The history of this plant begins from the time Ancient Greece and Rome. In ancient times, myrtle served as a symbol of youth and beauty, and myrtle groves were planted near the temples of the goddess of beauty Venus. In Europe, myrtle is recognized as a symbol of happiness and prosperity; its branches and flowers are used to decorate the outfit of brides. They say that this is the only tree from the Garden of Eden that has taken root on the earth. It was brought and planted by Adam to preserve the good memory of Eden and the hope of a return (Adam's tree). In China, myrtle is called the princess tree.

If myrtle grows in your home, you can make infusions and tinctures from it. It is better to buy essential myrtle oil at a pharmacy. Myrtle leaves in sensitive people can cause nausea and headache.

Mention of myrtle in myths and legends

According to legend, Venus was crowned with a wreath of myrtle during the famous dispute, thanks to which Paris gave her his apple. Since then, myrtle has become the favorite flower of Venus. Many myrtle bushes were planted around her temples, and during the annual festivities in honor of the goddess, all participants in the action, as well as all the young boys and girls present, were crowned with myrtle wreaths.

Myrtle also played a significant role in the social life of the ancient Greeks. Thus, the highest Athenian ranks wore myrtle wreaths as a sign of power. With the same wreaths in their hands, petitioners appeared, wishing to evoke sympathy. The winners of the Isthmian Games were decorated with myrtle and the statues of the fallen heroes were removed with myrtle wreaths. They were used to decorate houses during weddings and other celebrations, singers wrapped around their lyres. But the custom was especially original to put on a myrtle wreath on those who wanted to recite the verses of Aeschylus or Simonides. So the ancient Greeks wanted to express special respect for these poets. From the ancient Greeks, the cult of myrtle passed to the Romans.

But this amazing plant was used not only as decoration in various rituals. The myrtle tree has long been valued as a medicinal product. Since ancient times, myrtle has been a symbol of health, youth and beauty (a wreath of health). Even then, the beneficial effect of essential oils was noticed. Also in Ancient Rome women washed their face with water infused with myrtle flowers, believing that it gives the skin beauty and freshness. Noble ladies of Greece and Italy simply could not do without myrtle water, which was called "eau d'ange" - angelic water.

According to an ancient belief, in order to maintain strength and youth, passing by a fragrant bush, at least a leaf must be plucked. It was believed that a branch of myrtle, taken on the road, gives the traveler vigor and strengthens his strength. The leaves contain a large amount of essential oils, myrtle flowers are especially fragrant. Unbroken buds are taken to improve metabolism, and wine infusion of fruits is considered an elixir of health and vigor. From the crown and young shoots, perfumers produce essential oil and myrtle water.

Myrtle: growing and care at home

In the conditions of Russia, common myrtle is grown in winter gardens, offices, greenhouses, apartments. It lends itself well to crown formation. It is necessary to trim it regularly, but little by little, or pinch it, otherwise the myrtle will not bloom. Pruning stimulates the emergence of side shoots, so that the bush should become more luxuriant every year. In the spring, before the start of growth, the growth of the last year is shortened, leaving 3-4 buds. This allows you to have compact and well leafy trees.

The difficulty in growing myrtle at home is that this plant needs a cold wintering. It tolerates a drop in air temperature in winter to 7 ° C, but reacts very poorly to dry air. Prefers bright, well-ventilated rooms with high air humidity, but it must be shaded from direct sunlight. In summer, it is advisable to take the myrtle tree out into the fresh air - on the balcony or in the garden.

Water abundantly in summer, moderate in winter. The soil in the pot should always be moist. It is necessary to spray and water the indoor myrtle with settled water and make sure that the water does not stagnate in the pan. In winter, it is necessary to reduce watering and keep the plant away from the battery. Top dressing should be carried out weekly from March to August. For prophylaxis, myrtle should be sprayed against pests with a special solution that is sold in the store.

Transplanted in spring: young plants - annually, adults in 2-3 years. The land is taken of the following composition: turf (field), leaf (forest), dung humus, peat and river sand in a ratio of 3: 1: 1: 1: 1. The bottom of the dishes must be well drained to drain water from broken bricks, coarse sand, etc.

With improper care, insufficient or excessive watering, high temperature in winter, in the absence of light, home myrtle loses its leaves. But do not rush to throw the plant away, if you eliminate the cause of wilting, new buds will appear soon. True, you will have to form the crown first.

Propagation of myrtle by cuttings

The myrtle tree propagates by seeds and cuttings. When propagating by cuttings, take semi-lignified cuttings 5-8 cm long, remove the lower leaves, place 2-3 cm in a mixture of peat and coarse sand, cover with a jar or plastic bag. Placed in a bright, but not sunny place. It is useful to treat the cut with growth stimulants. Root from 2 weeks to a month. Occasionally, the soil is ventilated to avoid rotting cuttings and soil acidification. After transplanting, the increased air humidity is maintained for some time by placing the pot in a plastic bag. After the start of growth, they begin to pinch the tops, otherwise the myrtle will not branch on its own.

Propagation of myrtle by seeds

For sowing, we make a mixture of peat and sand in a 1: 1 ratio (or peat with vermiculite (1: 1)). Moisten the substrate (you can spill the substrate with a fungicide). Seeds are spread over the surface of the substrate, sprinkled on top with a thin layer of a mixture of earth. The container with seeds is covered with glass or a transparent bag. The temperature is maintained at least + 18-20 ° C. Periodically ventilate, removing the shelter. The substrate must be kept moist, try not to overmoisten or overdry.

Seedlings usually germinate in 7-14 days. When the seedlings grow two true leaves, they are dived into pots of the appropriate size. The substrate is made up of turf, humus, peat soil and sand in equal proportions. After transshipment, the seedlings may freeze in growth for a while, but after a while they usually start growing again. When a lump of earth is braided with roots, a transshipment is made. Further care as for adult plants. Myrtle grown from seeds blooms at 5 years of age.

Houseplants

Common myrtle (lat.Myrtus communis)

Myrtus communis) is an evergreen shrub from the myrtle family, common in the Mediterranean countries and widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in other areas with warm climates, as well as in rooms and greenhouses.

They have a surprisingly pleasant scent.

Many legends, myths and beliefs are associated with myrtle. Even the queen of flowers, the rose, can envy the amazingly rich history of this plant.

Myrtle played a very important role in the celebrations and in honor of Ceres, Proserpine and Bacchus. And in the festivities that took place on the island of Crete and in Corinth in honor of the goddess of the moon - Gelotia - the participants solemnly carried one huge myrtle wreath - about 7 fathoms in diameter.

Myrtle also played a significant role in the social life of the ancient Greeks. So, the highest Athenian ranks wore myrtle wreaths as a sign of power, and with myrtle wreaths in their hands there were petitioners wishing to arouse sympathy. The winners of the Isthmian Games were decorated with myrtle and the statues of the fallen heroes were removed with myrtle wreaths to show that they are remembered and loved. Myrtle was used to decorate houses during weddings and other celebrations; singers wrapped their lyres around their lyres.

But the custom was especially original to put on a myrtle wreath on those who wanted to recite the verses of Aeschylus or Simonides. So the ancient Greeks wanted to express special respect for these poets.

From the ancient Greeks, the cult of myrtle passed to the Romans. Erato, the muse of erotic poetry, wore a myrtle wreath. And the same wreath was crowned with the head of the god of marriage, Hymeneus, who was always depicted as a charming youth with a lighted torch in his hand.

Myrtle is also mentioned in the Bible. After the Flood, Noah allegedly sent from Mount Ararat, where his ark survived the bad weather, a dove with a myrtle branch, so that all living things would revive on earth. Therefore, myrtle served as a symbol of hope. The branches of this plant were used to decorate temples during festivities, as bouquets and wreaths given on special occasions. The ancient Jews, like the Greeks, had the custom of decorating the bride and groom with myrtle.

According to ancient Arab beliefs, myrtle adorned the gardens of paradise, and when the first people were expelled from paradise, Adam took with him a twig of myrtle to remind people of the gardens of bliss.

Categories

Myrtle is a plant of the myrtle family with the genus of the same name Myrtus Myrtus. The genus unites about 10 species of myrtle; breeders have also bred several varieties of this plant. Myrtle is an evergreen woody shrub with erect stems that branch well. Leathery dense leaf blades sit on short petioles, have a dark green color, are located opposite on the branches, oblong in shape and pointed to the edge. Myrtle leaves are equipped with numerous small glands that can be detected in the light - these light points are rich in aromatic substances, essential oils, therefore, when rubbed, the myrtle leaf plate smells like a pronounced pleasant aroma.

Myrtle blooms with small single flowers, which, depending on the species or variety, can have pink, yellow, and most often white or cream color. All myrtle flowers have a cup-shaped shape and numerous filaments that acquire a golden color as the pollen matures. At the end of summer flowering, dark blue berries appear on the crop - fragrant edible fruits of the myrtle bush.

General information:

The myrtle family belongs to the genus Myrtus. which has 20-40 plant species. In nature, this plant grows on almost all continents - in West Africa, in the state of Florida in the USA, in North America and off the Mediterranean coast in Europe.

Representatives of the genus are low evergreen shrubs or trees. The leaves on the branches grow opposite, leathery to the touch, whole. Flowers grow from leaf sinuses, gather in short clusters, grow one at a time, and gather in piles.

This is a rather popular plant in indoor floriculture, which is used in medicine and perfumery - the essential oil is obtained from the leaves and shoots of the plant. If you follow all the care recommendations, then the plant will grow well for a long time in indoor conditions. The plant has phytoncidal properties.