House with a winter garden on the roof. Unusual roof garden

Winter garden on the roof of the house has a huge amount of advantages. First of all, this is originality and unusual. If you decide to arrange a greenhouse or winter Garden From above of its residential cottage or at home, it is recommended to comply with the recommendations of SNiP, as well as to be interested in the opinion of specialists. And if you have not yet decided, where you should equip the Winter Garden: a detached adjacent to the main structure or on the roof of the house, then read the advantages set out in this article.

The main advantages of the winter garden on the roof of the house

Winter garden on the roof of the house has a number of indisputable advantages that find a homeowner to achieve the goal. First of all, the winter garden equipped in various plants is natural air conditioning that will keep in winter Heat in the house, and in the summer will save households from the heat. This method of arrangement will reduce the cost of heating in the cold season, and in the summer - the cost of electricity during the operation of the air conditioner. Properly designed greenhouse will significantly reduce roof costs. Many building materials, which, as a rule, covers the roof surface, are susceptible to destroying ultraviolet radiation from sunlight on them. The glass, which covers the roof and walls of the winter garden, are indifferent in solar radiation. Even moreover, energy-saving design windows are absorbed into the solar energy, transforming it into extra warmth in winter. In addition, sometimes I really want to escape from domestic problems and urban bustle, accumulated over a whole working day in the forever green paradise.

What should be started to exercise a winter garden on the roof of the house

Winter garden on the roof of the house is best started to build with preparatory calculations and conversations with an experienced architect, designer. To decide on a winter garden on the roof of your house, it is necessary to determine which size of the design will be built: on the entire perimeter of the roof or on some part. It is necessary to read in advance and think about what will be the options for heating, removal of extra liquid, watering in the future construction. In order to deal with temperature regimenecessary for the future design, it is worth it to choose the type of winter garden immediately, it will determine whether it is vases and pots with flowers, or the whole flower beds stationary or movable whether it will be necessary to zonate the space visually or partitions for different types of plants. Based on the customer's desires, it is very important to take into account with all this beauty your roof and the whole house as a whole. If there are some doubts, it is recommended to take measures to strengthen and enhance the design. Most appropriate for this option will be

1. Purpose of the Winter Garden

2. Varieties of winter gardens for equipment on the roof

3. Using the roof space for different purposes

4. Features of the geographical location of the garden on the roof

Owners of private houses and cottages are often thinking about the original embodiments of roofing structures, such as the creation of a roof garden. Every year, free territories in cities for green plantings are becoming less and less, which significantly affects the well-being of their inhabitants. To solve these problems, many began to deal with such unusual structures, especially since the winter garden on the roof of the house is a very exciting occupation. It will not only decorative decoration Buildings, but also benefited its owner.

The roof gardening will allow not only to create a cozy corner for a good pastime and receiving positive emotions at any evening or day off, but also will make it well well in an artificially created natural oasis. Thanks to such a device, the roof will be reliably protected from dust and exhaust gases, the level of its sound insulation will improve.

In the megalopolis roofs have long been exploited as much as evidenced by a large number of cafes, restaurants, children's complexes and sports clubs that can be seen over public, office or administrative buildings.

Before building a roof garden construction, you should take care of some nuances that will be reflected in the project of the building:

Varieties of winter gardens for equipment on the roof

Depending on the features of the arrangement of the winter garden on the roof can be intense and extensive.

Purpose intensive garden It comes down to active rest and entertainment of people. For convenience in such a zone, tracks, lawns, trees, flower beds and shrubs should be equipped, as shown in the photo.
Extensive gardens are equipped only for growing greenery, so they will cost the cheaper of the first option, and their installation does not represent much difficult. However, for a pleasant pastime, such a corner is not suitable due to the lack of necessary conditions.

The winter garden device is an additional home extension with transparent walls and roofs. There are a lot of options for the arrangement of such a construction on the roofs, attic, balconies. You can build a garden not only in an apartment or a private house, but also over office buildings, restaurants, banks, sports complexes and theaters.

Using the roof space for different purposes

The view of the Winter Garden as a flower bed is error, because such vegetation may not be in it, but instead there may be any room, for example, a gym or gym, cafe, swimming pool, relaxation room.

It is important to remember that the house with a winter garden on the roof is primarily an engineering structure, the construction of which requires the implementation of thorough calculations and planning.

As a rule, PVC, aluminum or steel is selected for the design framework, less often. The choice of material depends on both the preferences of the owner and the appointment of the future room. If it is a greenhouse or pool, you will need steel design, resistant to high humidity.

For glazing the frame, light-resistant strong canvas of reinforced, sunscreen, hardened and laminated glass are used. More modern options It is considered to use double-glazed windows, float glass, roofing cellular polycarbonate and color stained glass windows. Since about 80% of the total area is glazed, it is recommended to select energy-saving glasses, then it turns out a kind of roofing terrace. The material provides not only the safety of heat indoors, but also protects it from overheating (read more: "Glass roof of the house and its features").

Transparent roof also has a number of its features. The design should withstand a large level of snow and wind loads, to be resistant to mechanical damage from precipitation, tree branches, so the optimal option will be the use of tempered glass or triplex. The equipment is allowed from polycarbonate, but it has less durability, while the possibility of scattering light is much higher than that of listed coatings.

Winter garden on the roof of the house, interesting video:

Features of the geographical location of the garden on the roof

When a winter garden device, special attention is paid to which direction it will be facing, because each of them is characterized by different specifics. Consider the features of each of the parts of the world acting on the development of the garden on the roof.

The choice of the garden design option remains behind the owner of the building, and its service life depends only on the quality of the selected materials and the installation performed.

In the article we will look at the manufacture of greenhouses from PVC pipe. Due to the fact that when performing the greenhouse, you will not need any complex tool, the assembly of this design is similar to the assembly of the structure of Lego.

The greenhouse can be established both inpatient (using cellular polycarbonate), and only for the season (using greenhouse film), after which it is easily dismantled and removed until the next season. The main advantage of the greenhouse from PVC pipes is that it is absolutely not subject to rotting processes (which cannot be said about wooden analogues).

Materials for the manufacture of greenhouses

For independent manufacture Greenhouses you need the following materials:

PVC pipe 3500mm - 2 pcs.;

PVC pipe 3600mm - 2 pcs.;

PVC pipe 5800mm - 5 pcs.;

PVC pipe 900mm - 4 pcs.;

PVC pipe 1900mm - 4 pcs.;

PVC pipe 680mm - 10 pcs.;

100mm pipe under hinges - 10 pcs.;

Clamps under the film - 100-130 pcs.;

PVC tee under the pipe - 30 pcs.;

PVC tee corner under the pipe - 4 pcs.;

PVC transition corner 90 degrees under the pipe - 8 pcs.;

300mm Wooden or metal stakes - 10 pcs.;

20mm selflessness - 100-130 pcs.;

PVC glue;

All PVC pipes must have diameters in one inch.

Why start making greenhouses?

First of all, you will need to align the surface of that land plot that you have chosen to plant the greenhouse. Then you need to take stakes and drive them to a depth of 25 cm from the side of the greenhouse. It is necessary so that the arc from the pipe is not inflicted. Then proceed to assembling the base.

The tees are desirable to finalize, that is, to twist them, so that the pipe could pass through them. In our case, all the tees will be fixed using self-tapping screws. Thus, the design of the greenhouse will be collapsible.

However, the tees can be left unchanged, but at the same time the pipe will need to cut into smaller parts. And, in addition, all tees for greater strength will have to plant (especially in the center of the Arch). In this case, the design of the greenhouse will not be folded.

Installing arches and connections

After that, it is necessary to install the arches, as well as the connections between them.

Then proceed to the manufacture of windows and doors for the greenhouse. They are collected from existing parts.

The hinges are performed from two dechentime meter segments of PVC pipes. The segments are glued together, and the resulting hinge is fixed to the frame by screwing.

Lockers on the window and doors can also be made from the cutting pipe but with a diameter of 1 - 1.4 inches, cutting the pre-¼ part along the pipe around the circle and smoothding the edge.

Like latches, the clamps for the film can be made from the pipe.

For a more dense fixation of the film, it will be necessary to use the segments of the 1dumin tube.

Frame coating with greenhouse film

The final stage in the creation of the greenhouse is the coating frame of a greenhouse film design. So that the film subsequently did not provide, it should be treated in warm weather. Film is fixed with homemade clamps around the perimeter of the structure.

Winter roof garden

In any places, the film with the clips can be tightened. The disadvantages of greenhouse films include its briefness and low thermal insulation.

If you want to build a stationary greenhouse, then a cellular polycarbonate is recommended as a frame covering. This material is quite durable - he will serve you without any problems for more than 12 years.

It is necessary to install polycarbonate in such a way that its cells are perpendicular to the Earth. It is required in order that the moisture that fell inside the moisture could be freely. Otherwise, during freezing, the water will destroy the polycarbonate. To the arches, cellular polycarbonate is fixed by means of screws and thermoshab.

To create such a greenhouse you will leave the maximum - two weekends. From PVC pipes additionally you can perform racks for seedlings.

Greenhouse space as part of an individual dwelling

In addition to the functional and physical factors, architectural and construction and technical solutions of greenhouses in individual houses are largely dependent on the type of building, for example, from its size, fasteners, time of construction, etc. The choice of effective solution is also significant ambient - Form and crossing of terrain surrounding the development, shadens.

Such greenhouses give residential homes individual character, but they must be subordinated to the main architectural solution of the building.

Alternative solutions presented here reflect typical cases. However, there are other solutions whose choice is determined by concrete circumstances.

In architecturally, the greenhouse is a natural continuation of the forms of the building, it should be based on his building materials and color shades. When docking the greenhouse with an existing individual house, external design often causes difficulties and has to resort to the help of a specialist (architect). The greenhouse should be not a random extension, but a harmonious part of an individual house.

Fig. 28. An example of a constructive solution of the greenhouse at an individual house.

Fig. 29. Extension of the greenhouse with an old individual house.

Greenhouses in high-rise buildings

Accommodation in multi-storey buildings, especially in new suburban neighborhoods, turned out to be unfavorable and caused their discontent. This is due to both the disadvantages of the development area and planning of apartments and the absence of comfort. Often the apartments are crowded, adjacent to them outdoor premises, if they are generally available, are often small in size and are not protected sufficiently from the winds. Children's playgrounds often do not satisfy the usual requirements. As a rule, there are completely lack of functional premises for young people and premises for enforcement for adults.

The construction of multi-storey houses ensured the effective use of land plots.

Almost always it happened due to the deterioration of natural conditions and reduce the quality of housing. Therefore, it is not surprising that many residents living in high-rise buildings feel temporary tenants and dream of moving into small individual houses somewhere nearby. Accommodation in small individual houses they are associated with the achievement of independence, well-being in family and personal life, the ability to make their efforts to improve living conditions, receiving an individual courtyard, security IT. For many, such hopes remain unreserved dreams, but they suggest that innovations need to be introduced in new buildings, especially in those areas of Finland, where over half a million people live, that is, about 30% of the country's population.

Construction of greenhouses with multi-storey houses should help improve living conditions in neighborhoods. This gives the population an additional living area and provides residents with the opportunity to engage in love.

Greenhouses in new high-rise buildings

Many believe that greenhouses can be created only in rural areas, and in urban conditions it applies only to small houses. However, it is not. The greenhouses can also be arranged in apartments in high-rise buildings, where they form an individual or collective outdoor area where it is possible to deal with crop production or spend free time. Below are some recommendations for the implementation of this idea.

The greenhouse must be placed on the sunny side of the house, where insolation is provided mainly from February to November. The area of \u200b\u200bthe greenhouse is advisable to increase to the size greater than the ordinary balconies. Suitable area should be considered within 10-20 m² so that the table and chairs can be placed, as well as to take place for growing plants. When the living area is located at the ground level, the greenhouse can be arranged somewhat overwhelmed in the residential building.

When designing greenhouses, it is necessary to clarify how the angles of falling the sunlight on the vertical and horizontal planes are changed, as well as when changing the day and night and seasons. In the summer, when the sun is located high in the sky, it is necessary to ensure the shading and provide a sufficient number of ventilation hatches for changing air, both in the greenhouse and in residential rooms.

Most often, the greenhouse is a single-storey room with a depth of 2-3 m. In some typical high-rise buildings with apartments in two levels, the height of the greenhouse can be quite large. In one of the successful solutions, the narrower balcony is located along the adjacent bedroom or the rooms of the wall baths (on the upper floor) and ensures the desired shadension in the summer. The greenhouse functions as a solar energy drive and contributes to the heating of an apartment due to the receipt of free solar heat and reduce heat loss. On a sunny day, when the apartment is quickly overheated (under Finland, it happens only in the summer), the greenhouse efficiently functions as an apartment cooler. If, in addition to the ventilation vents at the top of the greenhouse, place the ventilation openings to provide communication with the cool side of the house (North-West - North-North-East), you can create air flows in which the outward breathing air carries the cooler air.

One of interesting decisions The equipment of the greenhouse in a multi-storey building is to place it on the roof of such a house. In this way, not only the approach to nature is achieved, but also the possibility of obtaining sunlight in densely built-up neighborhoods, as well as in residential buildings with adverse orientation. This decision is fully applicable to old houses.

The greenhouse can be engaged in both individual growing plants in certain sections and collective crop production on relatively large areas. Children in such a room can play round year, especially in the cold season and rainy weather. If the beating glasses in such premises should be replaced by unbreakable from organic glass, at least in the most dangerous places, then such a greenhouse becomes safe and suitable for multilateral use.

The temperature of the air in the greenhouse is always above the outdoor temperature. This feature can be used, for example, in the equipment of the ventilation system, which provides feed in the living space, preheated in a greenhouse, instead of feeding directly cold outdoor air. Thus, a significant energy savings in a multi-storey building is achieved, where more than half of heat is often lost through ventilation devices.

Greenhouses in old high-rise buildings

To create greenhouses in old high-rise buildings, only a transparent coating from ordinary or organic glass is required (for example, acrylic or polycarbonate), installed on the site of the luminous opening of the loggia. If you compact the hermetically closed parts and places of junctions, such as handrails and side walls, it prevents the formation of drafts and provides a small protected and illuminated room. The possibility of using such a room is much better and the duration of operation is 2-3 times more than a regular balcony. In such greenhouses, you can grow by growing seedlings and decorative colors in banks and pots, how much the size of the balcony is allowed. True, in many multi-storey houses built in past years, balconies are very close, especially in depth.

To create such a glazed outdoor room, it is not required to be much costs - it can be built on its own. In an already existing room, you only need to equip a protective coating from a transparent material and provide enough intensive ventilation. One of the advantages of such a glazed premises is that mosquitoes in a summer evening remain outside. Protective grids are installed before ventilation openings, which in the summer most often remain open.

In many block high-rise buildings there are no apartments in the basement. On this floor you can equip big room greenhouses where residents can breed together various plants Or distribute sections with each other. Light transparent designs of greenhouses are sensitive to the impact of stones, balls, objects falling from above, etc.

How to equip a winter garden on the roof of the house

d., Therefore, there are cases of hooliganism.

However, such an opportunity exists everywhere where the conditions for reasonable leisure of young people are not created.

In addition to the functional advantages, using the greenhouse device, it is possible to achieve a significant improvement in the appearance of the microdistrict with a multi-storey building. Often block multi-storey houses built in the last 15 years, very monotonous, deprived of individuality. The placement of greenhouses in them with window frames, protrusions and plants with good performance It may noticeably improve the appearance of buildings and breathe life into gray dull houses.

Greenhouse with an individual house

The project of the house provides the possibility of docking with it the greenhouses, which can be implemented by direct delivery or structure in a later period on the principle of "do it".

Connection of greenhouse with an individual house and its construction. Typically, the greenhouse is placed on the south side of an individual house with such a calculation so that the kitchen room is located, a rest room or a multipurpose room, with which the greenhouse is best combined in its functional characteristics. The greenhouse may have a form of a rectangle or repeating the walls of the houses at home at an angle of 45 °. The authors chose an option with a rectangular shape of the greenhouse as the easiest and most typical.

Wood structures are used as a construction material for the house frame, since wood is easy to process and is suitable for construction according to the principle of "DIY" or according to the principle of collective subbooters. At the same time, take into account that in the construction industry adopted unified Systems Modular measures, and in sales markets there are ready-made building structures, such as windows and doors.

Construction of the foundation. Corner piles and "Linear goats", in Finland, as a rule, it is necessary to obtain permission to build a greenhouse attached to the residential house. At the same time, representatives of the authorities make a marking of the corner points of the greenhouse directly on the site by climbing piles. On the piles, they make the elevation height of the floor above the ground level. In cases where the owner itself performs such marking of angular points, the countdown should be started from outdoor Wall building. To do this, you need to install the board approximately at an angle of 90 ° relative to the base part of the building. Then clog piles at these places and check the locations of their location, making sure that the tangents A and a are equal to each other.

After that, it is necessary to build "linear goats" on which the outer lines should be made from the base part of the house, for example by clogging two pegs, which can then be connected using rope.

Concrete base (foundation). If the soil has a medium bearing capacity (≥0.5 kgf / cm²) and uniform in its composition, then it is allowed to build a foundation by filling concrete supports. Then these supports are burned at about 30 cm deep with a width of about 30 cm. After that, the pits are aligned under the support, slugging sand or crushed stone. If the rock breed comes close to the surface of the soil, then you should dig a hole under the support to the rock rock and then thoroughly clean the surface of the rock rock.

After that, it is necessary to build a formwork of the foundation shoe from the boards. Here, as a form, it is possible to use the Earth, however, the formwork of the top of the support should be made from the boards so that the horizontal ribs of the concrete support turn out to be smooth, and with their help you can get a clean upper surface of the support by moving its board. At the same time, you can not forget about binding ropes and fastening steel parts.

Winter garden - superstructure over the house, gearbox on the roof

It is also necessary to make sure that the boards in the formwork will not move when pouring concrete. Once again, it should be checked the sizes and a height mark so that they exactly correspond to the specified, after which it is necessary to fill the shape of concrete. The latter is pre-ordered at the nearest concrete plant.

Simple pile foundation. When construction on soft ground, it may be necessary to apply piles. The most reliable way is to use concrete piles for climbing or instillation.

Both methods provide for the use of expensive heavy equipment that can damage the yard and which can not always be delivered to the construction site. Therefore, two simple and cheap ways of building the foundation will be considered here. Nevertheless, it is recommended to consult a specialist before starting work.

As piles, it is recommended to use steel rails or similar profiles or sleepers with a special impregnation under pressure. The advantage of steel profiles is that they can be more free to score into the ground. It is necessary to use sufficiently long piles in order to reach the depth below the border of permafrost or reach the soil with a higher carrier capacity.

Pile clogging is a rather laborious process, since it has to stand on a special stand. Sometimes, when clogging piles, they fall onto a stone, in connection with which the process stops or changes the direction of the pile immersion. Therefore, it is recommended when designing the base part to ensure that in the lateral direction there is a sufficient stock for clogging in those types of soils, where there is a rather thick layer of clay and there is no dense carrier ground, in particular, it is necessary to ensure the possibility of correction (regulation) of piles in the vertical direction (flagpole principle ).

Foundation by concrete slabs. Another, more reliable, but also more expensive way to build a foundation in a soil with unsatisfactory bearing ability is the so-called way of erection of the foundation on concrete slabs. It lies in the manufacture of relatively thick reinforced concrete plate (for example, a thickness of 200 mm), with the help of which the load can be distributed to the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe greenhouse.

With an unfavorable (loose) soil, it may be necessary to replace its mass. The ground of the soil under the greenhouse is completely shifted to another place and is replaced, for example, rubble or, even better, gravel type "Leka"; As a result, they receive a "new" soil layer, which has good thermal insulation and is anti-member.

Another way provides for laying shet stickers (for example, a thickness of 10 cm) on a layer of rubble and the manufacture of reinforced concrete slabs by filling the concrete to styracts sheets.

The choice of a foundation method is sometimes difficult, for example, for clay soils and especially for soils varying with a depth (for example, consisting partially from the rock and partially from alumina). In these cases, it is recommended to seek help to an experienced building master or engineer. Errors made in the construction of the foundation often lead to the damage, which in some cases it is impossible to correct.

Construction of the basement. The base part can be erected on the foundation shoe in the following three ways:

by pouring concrete when with inner Hard heat insulating sheets are used (while it is necessary to install lifting steel hooks and binding wires at the corresponding places);
by masonry casting blocks with the Leka gravel, which have a high bearing capacity and good thermal insulating properties. If such a wall from cast concrete blocks is high, then it is necessary to use fittings for strengthening the wall (pressure on the soil);
by using timber with a special impregnation under pressure, followed by their thermal insulation, for example, with the help of sheets of styrax and coating sheets of minority and high-strength sheets.

The same methods are also suitable in the construction of pile foundations.

The choice of the method depends on the skill of performers, building materials, the type of soil, the method of erection of the foundation, as well as on the type of the base part of the residential building.

The base of minority sheets and a concrete base can be left without staining and processing if the works are purely and gray is suitable for the customer. The base unit erected by masonry from cast concrete blocks or, for example, from lime-sand bricks, it is recommended to cover the layer of plaster and paint. When choosing paint, it is necessary to make sure that it is firmly held on the surface of the base of the garden of the greenhouse and will not be peeling (the problem associated with the influence of humidity).

Construction of the frame.In those considered here, the greenhouse is selected wooden frame. Both horizontal and vertical frameworks of the frame can be made from standard sawn timber with a saw or planed surface, as the greenhouse has a small height and small spans.

If the greenhouse is two-story and has spars more than 5 m (for example, when the roof of the house is converted to the greenhouse), then glued beams can be used in vertical and horizontal, as well as in through (lattice) structures. In addition, combined beams with nail and glued connections can be used successfully (for example, the "Mason" type).

When choosing frame joints, it should be remembered that in the greenhouse there can be very high humidity, therefore it is necessary to take measures to make it wooden and in particular adhesive structures withstand this humidity.

The problems associated with humidity, care requirements and strength factors led to the replacement of sawn timber on light metals. However, for embedded greenhouses, under individual houses, timber materials are quite suitable structural material, and the authors recommend to use them.

When erecting the frame of the garden, metal profiles can also be used. However, application metal structures Requires high qualifications of builders and use with special tools. Especially undesirably, the use of steel due to its exposure to corrosion.

Timber and their processing. Timber with impregnation under pressure is a reliable and durable design material, however, they differ in high cost and have a greenish tint, which can attach unpleasant structures appearance. The authors of this book recommend applying impregnation tools under pressure if the wood surface can be given a dark color or to cover it with paint. The company "Teknos Mahali" also offers white protective paint "Herba", which protects wood from the formation of fungi and mold and can also be used as a protective remedy for corrosion.

If natural color with wood texture is needed on the surface of the wooden structures, it is necessary to use non-liquid timber with protective impregnation with flaxseed oil. True, B. lately Other methods of impregnation under pressure, which do not change the natural painting of wood are also found. It should be noted that a greenish shade of wood after impregnation with a salt solution pale over time.

The use of wood impregnation under pressure is safe for growing plants, despite the fact that the wood is soaked with poisonous substances. The only place to show maximum caution is the basis on which plants are grown. Roots of plants should not come into contact with the timber who have impregnation under pressure.

In vertical structures (posts and overlaps), you can use BATS and thick boards with a size of 50 × 100 or 50 × 125 mm. After planing processing, their dimensions decrease respectively to 45 × 95 and 45 × 120 mm. For the beam structures of the roof, you can choose a four-piece bar with sizes from 50 × 150 to 50 × 200 mm depending on the length of the spans and distances.

The authors recommend to draw up a list of necessary timber, in which data should be applied on their size and processing methods, as well as the size of the timber in individual use and their total. It is necessary to figure out the question of the possibility of acquiring timber, as different suppliers have various warehouse stocks. It is also recommended to contact leafing firms and coordinate with them not only the issues of timber value, but also the following private questions:

sortinary and quality of timber (RT 216.01);
the thickness and width of sawn (planed) materials (RT 210. 51 / 210.61);
possible length of materials;
data on impregnation under pressure;
degree of humidity (dryness);
the number of materials in the route meters, possible losses for sawing and common losses (10—20%);
method for transportation and delivery times.

This guarantees the unimpeded and favorable delivery of the most suitable timber on time.

Construction of the frame. At first, the rubberoid or strip of butyl rubber is laid on the aligned top plane of the base.

At the same time, it should be ensured that the moisture that rises from the bottom of the body of the base (capillary effect) does not reach the timber.

After that, it is necessary to mark the places for possible mounting bolts or other reinforcement on horizontal wooden spans, drill the necessary holes in them and process surfaces with an anti-zenic agent if there is no timber with impregnation under pressure. Then the finished wooden structures are installed on the surface of the base. At the same time, it is necessary to check the main dimensions again and then outline the location of vertical racks (bates) on horizontal spans. Next, we produce a reliable fastening of horizontal spans to the base and checking their horizontal position using a Waterpas or a plumb.

After completion of work on accurate reconciliation, you can write vertical bates to set sizes and process their connections. Sawing bats and processing connectors easier to perform, descending on the ground than standing on scaffolding Or on the crossbars of the stairs. During the preliminary sawing of these structures to the finished size, it is necessary to remake all the operations again, if the connection (residential house, base) will be detected deviations from the set sizes. Therefore, many carpenters attach vertical racks to horizontal spans, first by clogging oblique nails, and then lead these racks into a vertical position, scoring the racks on both sides. Then they verify the dimensions, mark the vehicles of the cutting of structures and, making sure that all the dimensions of the structures exactly correspond to the required, produce sawing.

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I want to build a greenhouse in the attic (without windows).

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Winter garden on the roof of a private house

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I want to build a greenhouse in the attic (without windows). Heat is, light - housekeeping, water is also there. I will listen to all opinions!

For greenhouses, one of the important factors is light, so the housekeepers are not suitable, you need to put a dance + ventilation is needed.

The idea is not only irrational, but is not economically profitable. Why grow something in the conditions of unusable or requiring material and technical resources? What exactly are you going to grow in the attic?

I support you, the idea is absurd and is not economically profitable. Any living organism is necessary sunlight And it will not replace anything. If you really do a greenhouse in the attic that instead of the roof, insert windows with glass and be sure to open.

I think it is better to use to illuminate agrolamps.
But if they are highlighted around the clock - plants do not have enough carbon dioxide. Photosynthesis: CO2 + UV light \u003d O2. Do the day and night for plants.
Artificial illumination is great, but natural light is better. Do not skimp and put at least mansard windows.

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But if you are passing, you can still:

There was a need to buy a greenhouse, but what kind of design form is preferable: arched, double greenhouse with a "house" roof, or with beveled walls?

What is better: arched greenhouse, scope, or can the "Dutch" type - with beveled walls?

And you need to start responding to a question not from the form, but from how greenhouse coverage is polycarbonate or glass.

The fact is that glass greenhouses are more expensive and reliable impose certain requirements for installation:

the need for foundation
careful alignment of all planes

If the plot is uneven, then it is quite difficult to pave a durable reliable foundation. And the slightest distortion in the design of the greenhouse and will lead it.

If there is no problem with the establishment of the foundation and leveling problems, consider the form of greenhouses.

Single Teplitsa

This is an option of a truncating greenhouse, when one of the walls replaces the wall of the house, cottage, or any other building. The width of a single-pate greenhouse can be from 2.5 to 3 m, and the length is absolutely any.

Shelter material - any: polycarbonate, glass or greenhouse film.

Winter garden in a private house do it yourself

Frame: metallic or wooden.

Benefits

Single greenhouse is the perfect version of the winter garden or greenhouse when there is an internal transition to the building.

Single shape has advantages in economical spending space on the site, as well as glass and carrier structures. If such a greenhouse will be used for year-round growing of plants, then it is necessary to connect it to the general heating system. It will require certain costs, but fully justifies itself.

disadvantages

It is necessary to take into account that a single-piece greenhouse can be addped from either side of the building. But if the northern side is very shaded, even the additional lighting of the greenhouse will not solve the problem, and perhaps aggravate it - the wall will remain too wet.

Another drawback - light in the greenhouse will be significantly less than in a separate greenhouse. However, electricity does not represent difficulties and you can always organize additional lighting.

Two-tank greenhouse

Traditional form of separate greenhouses. At the classic option, all the walls are at right angles to the ground. The angle of inclination of the roof (the people are called a house) in the optimal range of about 30-40 degrees and depends on the conditions of illumination and climate features in the region - the more snowy winters, the greater the angle of inclination.

Benefits

A double greenhouse is convenient in that you can ask her any height of the skate. The height of the roof depends on the width of the construction itself, which is very variable - from 2 to 5 m.

A double greenhouse can be made of polycarbonate and do without foundation.

In a double greenhouse, it is easy to mount the vents right in the roof.

In the greenhouse, the house is good to grow tall varieties of vegetables. And in comparison with the arched greenhouse with equal dimensions (width, length), the duplex above, it is larger than air (it is more evenly heated and cooled).

disadvantages

If the greenhouse is wide and covered with glass, then the design will be reliable only if it stands on an even foundation.

The greenhouse on the foundation is a capital construction for many years (guarantee on such greenhouses about 30 years).

She will not be transferred at a request to another garden place, so if you suddenly decide to redecessing the site, you will have to "dance" from the greenhouse.

If the greenhouse is glass, then in the design there are many joints, and this adversely affects the ability to retain heat. You need to compensate for this drawback using rubber pads in the frames.

If the greenhouse is from polycarbonate, then for the installation there will be more consumption of material, compared with arched.

Another serious remark of the experienced gardeners - for bantal greenhouses, it is advisable to use polycarbonate with a thickness of at least 6 mm, since the load on it is greater than in the arched (where 4 mm traditionally go).

Greenhouse with inclined walls (Dutch type)

This is a type of scope roof, but she has its own features - this form requires a more reliable support, as the roof is not based on vertical, but on inclined walls. The height of the Dutch greenhouse is less than the classic duplex, and although, more space for the beds - worse ventilation.

Arched greenhouses

Arched greenhouses are performed on the designs of the arc (reinforced version of the double arcs - the greenhouses of the suite). The greenhouse can be covered with polycarbonate or film (150 micron thickness). The maximum height usually does not exceed 2 m, the length of any.

Benefits

Arched greenhouse is easier than the greenhouse "house". The design allows you to more economically spend the polycarbonate - the sheet is superimposed by a solid web, fewer seams.

It is not necessary to put a greenhouse on the capital foundation (concrete or logs).

The greenhouse is easy to install, you can do everything with your own hands. Affordable price Factory construction.

The greenhouse is easy to disassemble enough to replace the covering material or transfer to another place.

Greenhouse, if necessary, you can increase in length.

The arched greenhouse of polycarbonate is stronger under the snow load than from ordinary glass, since the material bent and tense.

disadvantages

The classic arched greenhouse is usually lower than the greenhouse by the house, if the height of more than 2 m is planned, it is required to strengthen the frame.

The arched greenhouse from the polycarbonate is stronger on the provisis of snow than the greenhouse by a house, but significantly loses in the fight against strong winds.

In addition, the warming of snow becomes wet and is able to pour even on a convex surface.

For statistics: For some weekend, when a storm warning announced, in our garden partnership, it was used from 27 greenhouses: 8 arched greenhouses and 1 greenhouse house. Some arched were substantially marked or torn polycarbonate.

In the arched greenhouse, the windows are more convenient to do only in the ends or doors, but not on the roof.

Arched or house

By and large, the choice of greenhouse is a matter of taste, visually someone like a house, someone's arch. But the gardener worries more than the issue of reliability, and it depends on how much you are willing to invest money in greenhouse.

It is important from what material the design is made how correctly its rigidity, profile thickness and coating are taken into account. Pay attention to the number of transverse frameworks, the distance between the arches or racks, the presence of additional screeds or an increase in the arc.

The greenhouse has a house at the corner of the skate, if it is not sharp enough, the snow will not slide.

Purpose material of the greenhouse: the glass is normal or tempered - this is not a significant difference, it is not difficult to replace the glass in the frame. But the injection material from the thermoplast should be chosen carefully, very often under the type of polycarbonate they sell polypropylene. It is cheaper than polycarbonate by an average of 15-20%, but on this advantage it ends: the strength is 10 times less than in the PC, and at temperatures below minus 25 the material cracks. In order not to be deceived in expectations, and not overpay, ask the certificate. You also need to make sure that the powder coating on metallic frame Atmoswood-resistant.

Video selection of greenhouse shape

Remember that you can safely and qualitatively do any modification, as well as spoil, prags money for good material. The slogan, which states that the greenhouses of the factory manufacture are better - no more than advertising.

Do not skimp on the enhanced frame and a good foundation, do not forget the proverb "Expensive - yes nice, cheaply - yes rot!"

Viktor Sivukhin

May be located as pleased about the parties of the world. However, depending on the purpose of the garden, it is better to have different ways. South-oriented garden will save on heating, in it all year round can be grown by heat-loving plants, but it will have to provide ventilation and shadowing systems in it, otherwise the plants can simply burn on a hot summer day. Residential room In such a room you do not equip.

For the Cabinet device, a winter garden is perfect for the north. In addition, this option will help insulate the house, because the coldest side will be closed with a winter garden.

In the Eastern Garden, it will be pleasant to have breakfast, looking at the dawn. With such an orientation, it is usually no strong overheating, but ventilation and shading is better to provide.

In the garden oriented, it will be nice to gather in the evening all the family, because The day there is warm.

1.2. Types of designs

Winter garden can be of different shapes. The so-called three-grade gazebo is most common. It can be easily attached to the room of any shape and size. There is another variety of gazebo - five radiation. Due to more faces, she is more rounded, which is more pleasant perceived by a person. The traditions of Russian architecture were reflected in a bartal extension. A more complex option is a four-tailed gazebo - is connected by one of the rods of its roof with a wall of the building with a special gutter. If you are going to arrange a winter garden of a large area, you will fit the p-shaped gazebo. It is universal, easily combined with buildings of almost any architecture. For lovers of symmetry, the garden T-shaped garden is suitable. In such a variety of design, the light from the central part is evenly distributed over the side premises. The low buildings will pleasantly decorate the Mediterranean gazebo (solarium) with a single-sided roof.

The carrier part should ensure the strength of the whole frame of the winter garden. Best Material To create a frame, aluminum and its combinations are considered to be. Aluminum is harmless, durable, durable, easy to use and can be painted almost in any color thanks to a wide range of modern polymer coatings.

1.3. Design of the Winter Garden

Winter garden is a technically complex structure. In order for him to please you for many years and did not create additional problems, it is necessary to develop a high-quality project. Any winter garden should have a safe design, create an optimal microclimate without overheating or supercooling, to prevent weather influences (including extreme). It is difficult to consider all these tasks without special training and definitely, if not impossible at all. The architect-designer will develop a project that not only meets all the requirements listed, but also fully implementing your wishes and ideas.

Unfortunately, quite rare winter gardens are built simultaneously with the house itself, most of them are drawing to ready-made buildings. And in vain! The most beautifully recognized developed together with the main building. This option allows you to take into account many technical and aesthetic issues in advance. In addition, there is much more effectively expanding residential space.

It is recommended that the winter garden area is at least 12, and better than 15 square meters. m. The height of the room in the middle part should be at least 3 m, but this is not the limit - the winter garden can reach height and two floors, if possible.

An angle of 30-40 degrees is considered to be the optimal inclination of the roof. With this location, the room falls large quantity Energy and less delayed snow and dirt.

When planning indoor room We break the space on the zones for breeding plants, recreation and place of communication. If you can enable the place to relax in the room next to the garden.

2. Ventilation and heating

An important indicator for comfortable life both people and plants are the level of relative humidity. For most living organisms, it is 40-60% (for tropical plants - 80-90%). The humidity directly depends on the temperature, even a small change can affect the well-being of plants.

A rather frequent problem in winter gardens and other similar designs is condensate. It falls out when driving warm air with a cold surface. In order for this not happened, thermarizers from polymeric materials are inserted into aluminum profiles. Thanks to these inserts, the profile is divided into two parts, which are separated from each other. However, even the use of these racks is unlikely to be able to decide the condensate problem forever if you do not think about the ventilation system. Ventilation helps reduce air humidity and provides the influx of fresh air, as well as the necessary plants, like water.

Ventilation can be forced and natural.

For natural ventilation The physical laws are used. For example, at the bottom of the walls, hatches are arranged for the intake of cold air, and in the roof there are holes for the yield of warm masses. The circulation of air masses is due to the difference in height. It is also possible to install hatches and vents at the floor level, should be the vents on the walls - the location of the ventilation holes is uniformly throughout the room provides air circulation throughout the winter garden. Otherwise, the movement of the air masses will occur only in some areas.

The number, location of the ventilation holes, their dimensions and other factors depend on the form, volume, orientation of the winter garden and other parameters. Usually, 5-10% of the total glazing area account for the hatches, sash and vectors. However, more opening elements leads to the rise in the cost of the entire design.

In addition to natural ventilation, forced is widespread: various supply-exhaust systems, air conditioners, hair dryers, etc. Some of them contribute to the influx of fresh outdoor air, others use air indoors. Such systems allow you to regulate the intensity of the air exchange, maintain a certain temperature in the room, but they depend on electricity, which is rather expensive and inconvenient. Many experts recommend combining natural and forced ventilationTo turn off the electricity or low temperatures outside the window, did not affect your plants.

Heating in the winter garden can be diverse. Among the most popular methods, the radiators of the central heating system can be distinguished, autonomous electrical heaters, maintain the required temperature with air conditioners and warm floors. Quite often in one garden combines several types of heating.

For calculation need quantity The heating elements takes into account the area of \u200b\u200bthe room, the area of \u200b\u200bglazing, the characteristics of profiles and translucent structures, the location of the winter garden, the thermal radiation of the whole building, etc. It is recommended to install radiators around the garden perimeter - this will help heat the room evenly and reduce the formation of condensate (with sufficient air movement). However, remember that the radiator can not be blown up, for example, furniture or a windowsill - this will reduce its effectiveness.

3. Static design strength

In order for the winter garden for many years to be safe and cozy, it must be completed taking into account all the norms of sustainability and security. Some designers prefer to calculate the strength of each design separately, others use already proven ready-made systems in the work, but in any case they use the same principles.

On the supports of the winter garden there are snow, wind load and their own weight. Profiles for design are made of combinations of materials such as aluminum, plastic, solid wood and steel. The most preferred aluminum profiles remain, because They are stronger, thinner and reliable than, say, plastic or tree.

With large sizes of the winter garden, a frame that supports the roof will be required. It is on the roof elements to bed the greatest snow load. For example, with a roof, inclined by 20 degrees (or less), when calculating snow load, the maximum weight of the snow cover is 100 kg / sq. M. And in various pockets and seated areas where the snow can accumulate even the correction coefficients. If the bias of the roof is 60 degrees, then the snow from them is easily rolling and the additional load is not taken into account.

Wind load depends on the form of the building. For example, in large buildings with the most strong elements there must be angular zones. The roof in the form of the tent is less.

After taking into account all possible loads, they are summed up for each specific rack or beam, and is calculated how much the element will be influenced by the loads. The limit value of the deflection is 1/300 of the length of the element or 8 mm (with a larger deflection, the visual perception of the element is deteriorating). If the selected framework element in these restrictions does not fit out, then the supporting frame is made or increase the cross section of the profile.

In addition to the above indicators, the design deformation is taken into account under the influence of temperatures, the load with the "shrink" of the construction. Special attention is paid to the places of docking the winter garden with the main building and the base.

Increased requirements are presented to glass packas, especially to form a roof. The outer glass should be very strong, as a rule, upper layer Glass packages are performed from tempered glass. The lower glass is necessarily laminated or executed from the triplex (several brakes connected by film). This option allows you to ensure the safety of people in the winter garden - even if the glass breaks, the fragments will not scatter around the room, but will remain glued to the film.

4. Glazing

As a rule, the glazing of winter gardens uses double-glazed windows. From the amount of brake in the double-glazed window, it depends on how heat will be indoors - a larger amount of brake helps to better keep heat. In winter gardens, energy-saving glasses are usually used, one of the surfaces of which is applied low-emission coating. This coating in winter contributes to the penetration of the rays inside the room and does not allow them to "get out" out, reflecting them back into the building. In the summer, energy-saving windows reflect excess solar radiation, contributing to the best sunscreen of plants.

Another option of glazing is the use of brazers tinted in weight or film covered. They absorb, but almost do not reflect solar energy. Such windows are very hot, so be sure to be tempered. Tinted windows cannot compare with low-emission, but it is easy to protect against prying eyes.

5. Roof

The largest part of the heat enters the premises of the winter garden through the glazed roof. Double-glazed windows with improved characteristics are perfectly coping with a large dose of solar radiation, but it is not always the technical ability to use them. In cases where the use of heavy glass is not possible, a multi-chamber polycarbonate comes to revenue. It is cheaper and easier glass, but it is not capable of reflecting solar radiation. Polycarbonate painted in bronze or matte white color, reduces the brightness of the lighting and protects the eyes, but the infrared rays freely pass through it both inside the room and out. Especially for this material, films that prevent the release of rays were developed, but not always facades and the roofs of polycarbonate can achieve the desired goals.

6. Blinds

Very helpful in winter gardens there are blinds. They absorb the sun's rays and prevent the heating of objects inside the room. They also protect against bright light, and therefore prevent plant burns and burnout interior items.

Blinds are divided into internal and external.

External blinds are plates installed on the outer part of the window or the facade. They dispel the light even before the rays reach glass or polycarbonate. This kind of blinds is characteristic of Europe's winter gardens, but in our country somehow did not fit. We have much more often you can see internal blinds. They are easy to use, not afraid of bad weather, but in sunny weather they are heated and transmit heat into the room, although they must reflect it. To reflect the rays, blinds were developed with metallized coatings. However, if the shutters can be applied on the side glazing, then their use is not very convenient for the roof. Blinds should be attached so that they do not resist, and the attachments were not noticeable. The complex shape and the impossibility of fastening makes the use of blinds on the ceiling is impossible. Think over the system to close the ceiling in advance.

7. Heating

Decide in advance how you will use the winter garden and how it will hear. By type of heating, it is distinguished by unheated, heated periodically and heated gardens constantly. The choice of the type of heating affects the choice of building materials, construction, microclimate indoors and, as a result, on the selection of plants.

If you intend to use the Winter Garden constantly as a residential premises, then it must be heated. It is also better to provide heat protection glazing to improve thermal insulation.

If the winter garden for you is a kind of transition between the house and the street, then there is no need for additional heating. There are no special requirements for glazing. Such a winter garden will help reduce the loss of heat in the house and reduce the cost of heating, but you do not use it under the residential premises.

8. Interior of the Winter Garden

A translucent structures are usually used as walls, and the floor is made with a tiled or wooden coated with a non-burning material (for example, a polypropylene carpet). Very good in the winter garden looks wicker furniture, but plastic will come down.

Small winter gardens of 20-30 square meters. m is usually divided into 3 zones: for plants, for relaxation and tracks. In medium-sized winter gardens (30-50 sq. M), the design elements are already used, it may be small sculptures, decorative fountains, aquariums, compositions from flowers and plants, etc. In winter gardens of a large area (over 50 sq. M), pools, large compositions from plants, sculptures, podiums, terraces can be arranged. But remember that with all the diversity of decorative elements and solutions, the garden should be set aside in a strictly defined style.

When selecting plants for the winter garden, consider the individual characteristics of each variety. For light-chapter plants, it is better to find a place closer to the walls that sensitive to the sun rays are better to have a better place in the shade.

Winter garden - the pleasure is expensive. This design is complex in architectural, artistic and engineering plan. However, the winter garden will give you a lot of minutes of good mood, it will be nice to decorate your home and favorably affect the atmosphere of the room.

9. Automation system

An important assistant in maintaining a comfortable microclimate in the winter garden will be an automation system. Special controller regulates everything: temperature, humidity, illumination, etc. By turning on and off the heaters, it will protect the plants from the temperature drop. Lamps and controlled blinds will solve problems with plants illumination. The controller can even water the plants with water required temperature. The hygroscopic sensor disk expands when water gets into and unlocks contact. Contact threshold can be adjusted. When evaporation of moisture, the contacts are closed, and the controller, depending on the parameters of illumination, temperature, and humidity, "decides", whether the plants are now or later. Special motion sensors react to the presence of people. If a person is present in the winter garden, then watering is postponed. If there are fountains in your winter garden, they can also be controlled by automation - the picture of changing water is soothing effect on a person.

10. Microclimate

And plants and people feel well only at certain values \u200b\u200bof temperature, humidity, illumination and oxygen. Maintaining the optimal parameters of the microclimate is the most important and difficult task. In the context of the Russian climate, it constantly has to fight with overheating, then with cooling, especially this is relevant for translucent structures. Winter Garden is a complex ecosystem, each plant feels comfortable at different microclumatic indicators. Pick into your collection of plants living in those conditions that you can provide them. The advantage of the winter garden, like any other closed soil (greenhouses, greenhouses) is that it can create almost any climatic environment in it, it is only a matter of time and money. However, you should not choose whose tropical flowers if you do not have the necessary knowledge and opportunities for their full-fledged life.

11. Lighting

Lighting in the winter garden plays several roles. First, different plants Different duration of the light day, so one can be sufficiently sunlight, and for others it will have to artificially increase it at the expense of lighting devices. Secondly, lighting devices can create a pleasant atmosphere in the evening and night. Point and colored lamps will emphasize the beauty of plants and will help to transform the winter garden beyond recognition. Sources of light should not be fixed for easy movement of them all over the room.

1. Winter garden

2. Varieties of winter gardens for equipment on the roof

3. Using the roof space for different purposes

4. Features of the geographical location of the garden on the roof

Owners of private houses and cottages are often thinking about the original embodiments of roofing structures, such as the creation of a roof garden.

Every year, free territories in cities for green plantings are becoming less and less, which significantly affects the well-being of their inhabitants.

To solve these problems, many began to deal with such unusual structures, especially since the winter garden on the roof of the house is a very exciting occupation. It will become not only a decorative design of the building, but also brought his host.

Purpose of the Winter Garden

Landscaping the rooftoprosvolit is not only to create a cozy corner for a good pastime and receiving positive emotions at any evening or day off, but will also improve in an artificially created natural oasis.

Thanks to such a device, the roof will be reliably protected from dust and exhaust gases, the level of its sound insulation will improve.

Before building a roof garden construction, you should take care of some nuances that will be reflected in the project of the building:

Varieties of winter gardens for equipment on the roof

Depending on the features of the arrangement of the winter garden on the roof can be intense and extensive.

The appointment of an intense garden comes down to active rest and entertainment of people. For convenience in such a zone, tracks, lawns, trees, flower beds and shrubs should be equipped, as shown in the photo.
Extensive gardens are equipped only for growing greenery, so they will cost the cheaper of the first option, and their installation does not represent much difficult. However, for a pleasant pastime, such a corner is not suitable due to the lack of necessary conditions.

The winter garden device is an additional home extension with transparent walls and roofs.

There are a lot of options for the arrangement of such a construction on the roofs, attic, balconies. You can build a garden not only in an apartment or a private house, but also over office buildings, restaurants, banks, sports complexes and theaters.

Using the roof space for different purposes

The view of the Winter Garden as a flower bed is error, because such vegetation may not be in it, but instead there may be any room, for example, a gym or gym, cafe, swimming pool, relaxation room.

It is important to remember that the house with a winter garden on the roof is primarily an engineering structure, the construction of which requires the implementation of thorough calculations and planning.

As a rule, PVC, aluminum or steel is selected for the design framework, less often.

The choice of material depends on both the preferences of the owner and the appointment of the future room. If it is a greenhouse or pool, you will need steel design, resistant to high humidity.

For glazing the frame, light-resistant strong canvas of reinforced, sunscreen, hardened and laminated glass are used. More modern variants are the use of double-glazed windows, float glass, roofing cellular polycarbonate and color stained glass windows.

Since about 80% of the total area is glazed, it is recommended to select energy-saving glasses, then it turns out a kind of roofing terrace. The material provides not only the safety of heat indoors, but also protects it from overheating (read more: "Glass roof of the house and its features").

Winter garden on the roof of the house, interesting video:

Features of the geographical location of the garden on the roof

The choice of the garden design option remains behind the owner of the building, and its service life depends only on the quality of the selected materials and the installation performed.

Roof of the house, often connected only with weather protection. We are born, we live and spend a lot of time under the roof. However, you just need to find out how you can use roofs of our houses with benefits, and they can be protected by the idea that you understand what you want.

Depending on the shape and size of the roof, this useful area can be used. different ways For our purposes. Think of some Types of use and location of roofs.

Simple installation of the roof for rest

The use of a flat part of the roof for access to it is considered by many as something common, if we have access to it in high-rise buildings or we specially designed and built a house.

I have no great imagination so that in the summer to put wooden or plastic furniture. Everyone here is solved to your liking. A good idea - Use a regular hammock.

Outdoor cinema

The perfect idea is to use the roof of your home as a movie.

For family members and guests, you can equip comfortable visual places. And then, like fantasy, instead of chairs, for example, you can use inflatable pools, especially on hot days.

It will give special sensations when watching movies. The outdoor cinema screen can also be used for conventional television, its special difference is that movies can be observed during the day, but requires special care and protection against moisture, dust and direct sunlight.

Wall pool

A small pool on the roof of the house, especially if you live in a densely populated city, will bring a lot of pleasant sensations and add functionality.

For summer period, you can build both capital and temporary pools. However, our technology allows in winter to use outdoor pools. Size I. constructive features Installation of the pool depend on technical characteristics Buildings and can even be built into the roof. And the pools, recently, are often determined in the plan and in the design of new residential buildings both in a multi-storey building and in private residential construction.

Roof Park

What is first of all with the phrase: "Walk around the roof"?

Of course, many remember Carlson, the character from the books of Astrid Lindgren or his own children's pranks.

Garden on the roof - varieties and arrangement of own hands

However, for many people, this term is pretty simple and is a walk in the park on the roof. This option is best suited for house owners with dense buildings, which have a large area of \u200b\u200bhouses, commercial buildings and garages. These roofs can be combined with stairs and passages, since continuous types of trees are planted on different levels And planted with lawns.

Recently B. multi-storey buildings Many large projects have been seen.

Gazebo on the roofs

It is very useful when the roof is the attic of houses, with different goals. Pavilions can be used as shelter from rain and sunlight, as well as decorative and soundproofed accessories. Their various goals strongly affect their appearance, design characteristics and materials from which they are made.

Place for barbecue

In homes with a small land or a lack of space for a comfortable stay, you can equip your grill edge roof.

In such cases, you must comply and follow all safety rules.

Garden and garden

If the owner of the house wants to grow a plant, but does not have a sufficient number of soil, then the placement of the garden or garden on the roof of the building will become excellent way out.

Various plants can be planted in special containers. Environmentally friendly roof is very conducive to the environmental status of large cities and megastronomy. Therefore, the owner of a garden equipped with a roof, in addition to personal gain, works well to improve the environmental situation in the region.

Playground on the roof

Another unique view Using roofs houses, there is sports section on them, in the form of playing fields, tables with board games, corners for children's games.

If the area allows you to equip mini golf.

Petshots with animals

One of the rare ways to use the roofs is to reinstall them to walk with their pets.

This type of use is not very common, but it is very important for pet lovers living in densely populated megazbes, where such places are very far from the place of residence or are not provided.

Romantic observation deck

If the roof of your home offers a beautiful view, you can use this feature, equipping the viewing area.

Often different types Roof designs in combined form, in which various functional elements are combined, harmonically fit into the entire embodiment.

If you competently use free space, you can get almost twice the area of \u200b\u200bthe house.

Given the various options that are very difficult to imagine in a closed area, such as a swimming pool, a playing field and an open fire. These types of sites are very problematic if they are located inside the house without overhaul.

In addition, it should be borne in mind that when greening every free space is very nice results Can be achieved in solving environmental problems of cities.

On the roofs of public buildings, hotels, holiday homes, sanatoriums, cinemas, cinema concert buildings, etc.

cafe, restaurants, solariums, etc. can be arranged. When they are decorated, elements of landscaping can be used.

The main form of landscaping in these cases is the use of plants planted in certain capacitances: containers, pots. Vertical landscaping, which improves the microclimate, absorbs dust and noise and plays a huge aesthetic and decorative role.

Separate closed containers for plants should be installed on supports with a certain gap between them and the structural elements of the roof, which makes it possible to monitor the status of the bottoms, possible germination of the roots and timely take measures to eliminate the latter; This eliminates the possibility of using phenols and other harmful substances to suppress the growth of plants.

Small capacity is convenient, easily moved from one place to another, allowing you to create various compositions from plants.

For beds and lawns, we can use a wide 1 - 2 m long containers in a depth of 0.3 - 0.4 m.

For ampel plants, part of the flower tanks is placed on stands with a height of 30 - 40 cm from the surface. Capacities can be made from various materials: reinforced concrete, concrete, asbestos cement, polymeric materials, ceramics, wood, foam, and also from a combination of these materials.

Wooden tanks - boxes, barrels, etc.

- It is necessary to antiseptrate and fold on the inside by a polyethylene film. A variant of the containers for plants from polystyrene foam plants is very interesting.

Table 1

Name of culture	Way of planting	Requirements for support
Annual cultures: Peas fragrant	9-cm Pots on 1 pm - 5 pots of 5 pcs. in a pot	Tychin, tilers, twine mesh, etc.
IPOMEYA (gramophilics)	11-cm pots of 5 pcs. on 1 pm	Spades, wire, wooden frame
Large Nasturtium (Mayyus) "Canadian	11-cm Pots 2 pcs.	Requires support
Fire beans	Crates measuring 0.5 × 0.4 × 1 m Sowing 1 gr on 1 p.m.	Requires support
Perennial cultures: Aktinidia Argut Kolomikga	Boxes 0.4 × 0.5 × 1.5m Sowing autumn or spring after stratification 0.2 grams per 1 perm.	Support around which she could get
Aristopocy (Kirkozone)	Boxes 0.4 × 0.5 × 1.5m on 1 p. or seedlings 2pcs. on 1 pm	Requires support and shelter for the winter
Amur grapes	Boxes 0.4 × 0.5 × 1.5m Multiply seeds, cuttings, gag, offspring Sowing 2.5 grams to 1 p.m.	Requires support, trellis
Five grapes	Similar to grape Amur but sowing 2 grams on 1 perm.	Requires support

Assortment of trees and shrubs used for landscaping gardens on roofs and ground gardens

table 2

Breed name	Plant character	Used:	Note
For gardens on the roofs	For land gardens
Coniferous breeds Spruce spruce
D.	+	—	Susceptible to windshop, needs windscreen and strengthening on site landing
Spruce ordinary	D.	+	—
Larch Siberian	D.	—	+
Juniper Cossack	TO	+	+
Tuya Western	D.	+	+
Large breeds Quince Japanese high
TO	+	+	Dusts molding
Acacia yellow	TO	+	+	-«-
Barbaris ordinary	TO	+	+	-«-
Barbaris Tunberg	TO	+	+	-«-
Velvet Amur	D.	+	+	Do not form
Pear ordinary	D.	+	+	-«-
Deren white	TO	+	+	Formula
IRGA Canadian	DK	+	+	-«-
Kalina Gordin	TO	+	+	-«-
Kiznicker brilliant	TO	+	+	-«-
Maple Ginnala	TO	+	+	-«-
Maple Tatar	TO	+	+	-«-
Sky silver	TO	—	+	-«-
Rhododendron Daursky	TO	+	—	— —
Mountain ash	D.	+	+	-«-
Lilac ordinary	DK	+	—	-«-
Lilac Persian	+	—	-«-
Snowberry	TO	+	+	-«-
Spirea Bumeld, Wangutta	TO	+	+	-«-
Spiraea Golden Dubravoliste	TO	+	+	-«-
Cherry Maaka	D.	+	+	-«-
Shipovnik	TO	+	+	-«-
Apple tree Siberian Sheidekar	D.	+	+	-«-

Legend:

growth shape: d - tree, dk - wood, shrub, k - shrub

formation - trimming

This range can be expanded provided if the sufficient amount of soil substrate is created and the needs of the breeds used in soil fertility are taken into account.

Due to the fact that the creation of the necessary layer of the soil substrate for plants to 120 cm is associated with great difficulties, the main way of planting trees will land them in tubs and containers. In any case, the trees planted directly into the soil substrate or containers must be additionally strengthened in order to resist the wind, which at the height can achieve high speed.

In addition, it should be borne in mind that the trees in the gardens on the roofs and ground gardens do not possess the durability that the trees lined with natural soil have, and after 5 to 6 years they will need to be replaced.

All these circumstances limit the possibility of using trees in gardens on the roofs and ground gardens.

For landscaping gardens on the roofs, seedlings are used from the first; Schools: 6 - 7-year-old trees and 3 - 4-year-old shrub.

For landscaping ground gardens, seedlings from the 2nd School of the Kennel are used - 12 - 16 years. The most optimal time for planting plants is spring and autumn when plants are in a state of physiological rest. Spring landings are held after thawing and.

Gardening roofs

soil warming prior to the start of the active dissolution of the kidneys and the formation of shoots. Autumn landings should be carried out from the moment of leaf fall to stable frosts. Conifer breeds are better to transfer a transplant in early time (March - beginning of April) and early royalty (August - beginning of September).

Assortment of grassy plants used for landscaping gardens on roofs and ground gardens

Table 3.

View	Recommended type of gardening	Recommended type of gardening	Cathone	Intensity of watering
Roof garden	Last gardens	Green roofs	Sowing to soil substrate	Rolled lawn	Mati.
Cancer caustic	—	—	+	+	+	—	low
Coid white	—	—	+	+	+	—	low
SHESTERS SHEXYMABY	—	—	+	+	+	—	low
Casching Evers	—	—	+	+	+	—	low
Hybrid socks	—	—	+	+	+	—	low
Ovsyna Krasnaya	+	+	+	+	+	—	+	regular
Oatmeal meadow	+	+	+	+	+	—	+	regular
Matlik meadow	+	+	+	+	+	—	+	regular
Boneless bonfire	+	+	+	+	+	—	+	regular
Breushing inordinous	+	+	+	+	+	—	+	regular

The lawn from obese needs to smear tall weeds, especially annual.

Watering such a lawn is made only in the first 6 - 7 weeks after laying on the roof. Fertilizers are entered in the case of the appearance of red-drier color of the leaves and shoots of obscure, testifying, about the lack of mineral nutrition elements in the substrate.

Usually fertilizers contribute once a year. The average rate is 30 g of complex fertilizers per 1 m2. Such a lawn does not need to be miserable. The lawn of cereal herbs is regularly poured and mounted.

Upon reaching the shoots 10 - 12 cm, in order to prevent the release of the plant in the ear and the associated loss of decorativeness. Shoots are cut to 5 - 7 cm.

Added: 04/26/2018 13:37:45

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Green roof - This is an unusual and innovative reception. landscape designWhen plants disembark on a specially prepared primer base right on the roof foundation.

The roof has long ceased to be just a roof.

It is arranged by helicopter sites, build pools, gaming structures, put solariums, and create green gardens. Modern opportunities do not just break the garden on the roof, but to create a real recreation area with benches, arbors, water devices and fountains.

Around the world, the roof has long been considered the "fifth facade", and use it appropriate.

In addition to the ecological and aesthetic function, the green roof serves as a heat and sound insulator. In the summer, the green coating cools the temperature indoors, without letting it warm up, and in winter, on the contrary, insulates.

Also covered with plants roof prolongs the deadlines for the operation of the roofing coating itself, since plants reduce the effects of UV rays. In addition, the roof plants absorb rainwater by reducing the load on the sewer and watering costs.

The idea of \u200b\u200bplanting plants on the roof surface is not so new, as it seems to us.

Roof garden: how to choose the plants

Back in 600 BC In Babylon, there were terraced gardens, known as the Gardens of Semiramides. And in 2113 G. BC In the interfold, the priests planted high trees on the terraces of the towers - zikkurats.

The ancestor of modern rooftop gardens is a German builder of Carl Rabitz, who made a sensation at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1867, erecting a real green garden on the roof.

After that, landscaping roofing became incredibly popular all over the world!

The unlawful leader in green roof is Germany. There is even charged tax for buildings, uncovered with greens. In Switzerland more than 25% flat roofs Take lawns. And in Japan, any area of \u200b\u200bmore than 100 m.kv, including the roof, is subject to compulsory landscaping.

By the way, the roofs in Russia also have their own "green" history. In the XVLL century, the first green roofs were created over the cakes and warehouses of the Tsarist palaces, and in 1623 the riding gardens were broken on the terraces of the Moscow Kremlin, which tormented 150 years, until the construction of the current Kremlin Palace.

Since then, green roofs are gaining momentum.

In urban development, it is mostly platform over the shopping centers, for example, the "Okhotny Ryad" on the Manege Square, and underground car parks, like the roof of Garage Rao Gazprom on the street.

Network. But the roofs of the buildings are not inferior! Examples can serve as a winter garden on the roof of the Moscow International House of Music and Orangery Botanical Garden of Moscow State University.

Increasingly, and more often, private customers want to see in themselves on the site covered with a lawn or beautiful plants with a roof or terrace.

And not surprisingly, it is an environmentally friendly, aesthetic and functional application of a previously unclaimed area.

When creating green roofs, it is necessary to take into account some features:

The base of the roof It should be quite reliable and durable to withstand the load generated by weight of plants, soil, drainage, special support, as well as possible landscape elements.

Creating drainage and waterproofing coatings - The initial stage of the roof garden design.

Selection of plants For landscaping, the roofs should be carried out with the climatic and biological features defined species.

Basically, these are mountain flora plants - endless to temperature drops, radiation, wind gust, reduced humidity and with the least developed root system. The peeling and dwarf shapes of trees and shrubs, grassy and soil plants, as well as lianas - preferred for roof gardening. Different conifers are suitable, such as Tui Western and Juniper, Barbaris, Kisser and Spirea will look good from shrubs - they can grow all year round while ensuring her shelter.

It will begin to bloom the daisies and bulbous. And also on the green roof perfectly articulate, the shipyard, oatmeal, the luggage and thyme creep. Beautiful, spinning in the wind of the composition will create cereals. If there is a reliable base and sufficient area, even landing of large rooms, such as rowan or linden, is possible. If you want to simplify the task, then just plant the plants into containers and tubs - they will calmly be removed in the warm room at the end of the flowering season.

You can smash the green garden not only on the roof or terrace, but also on any canopy or having a small slope surface.

It can be a roof of a gazebo, an extension or even a dog booth!

Company Royal Gardens. Creates exclusive green gardens on any construction buildings. We support the desire of our customers to follow new technological trends in roof gardening and differ from neighboring sites!

Fantasy owners of private houses is limitless. There are not only greenhouses, but also alpine slides, swimming pools, ponds and waterfalls.

But it would be nice to build some greenhouse, some dream to come and relax the soul in winter, and in the summer enjoy the view of the green oasis. Well, of course, but there are no places.

Everything is solved! After all, you can equip a winter garden on the roof of a private house.

How to equip a winter garden and not forget

In the summer, the winter garden is most often turning into an open greenhouse, in the winter it will be necessary for himself. These moments also need to be thought out. But first of all, you need to carefully examine the project of the house. It is indicated on which foundation is the house, from which material, which thickness it is flooded.

The design of the Winter Garden is the first thing to do the homemade and take into account all the nuances. After all, only the owner decides which plants, in which quantities will be planted on the designated area.

What should I pay attention to what to take into account?

Types of plants and their number.

Note that the wind force on the top floor is several times more than on Earth, therefore standard height Trees should refuse. But the lowered or specially grown for such gardens will fit.

Garden area. Will she take on the entire top floor or the entrance to it will be from the attic. Yes, this option increases the cost of construction, but directly from the room you can get into the oasis.
Garden type - extensive or intense.
Weight equipment for plant care.
Roof waterproofing.
Ventilation system in winter time, drainage.
Watering I. drainage system.
Protective grilles and screens.
Heating system.
Canopy installed in winter time. From glass it will be either from other materials.

Energy-saving lighting can be left in the garden and at night

Council.To reduce the load on the foundation, you can recommend using canopy not from glass, but from polycarbonate.

Possessing low weight and excellent quality characteristics, such glazing and temperature inside will keep several degrees higher than outside, and the sun's rays dispel.

If you wish to make a lot in a private house with your own hands, then with a polycarbonate canopy handle. While the glass roof requires more complex and neat work. Yes, glass is traditionally and beautiful, and polycarbonate - polymer, that is, synthetic material. The choice is yours.

The house with a winter garden on the roof visually looks easy

Types of winter gardens

With all its diversity, winter gardens can be divided into two categories: extensive and intense.

Extensive garden

It is the garden, a greenhouse, whose task to produce oxygen and delight greenery. In such a garden, you do not walk, do not accept guests, you do not swim in the pool, do not take a walk among the green plantings.

Example extensive garden

But it can be used as a greenhouse, grow interesting varieties Plants, exotic flowers. However, remove a small area under the recreation area and enjoy greens and oxygen.

It is less expensive than intensive design. The main thing is to consider the system of watering and drainage. If the winter is cold, then it is necessary to take care of heating.

Intensive garden

Such a garden will like people active. If the foundation allows the roof to make a pool and surround it with plants.

In the intense garden you can relax the soul

The main signs of an intense garden - tracks, benches, zoning. There are flower beds, lawns, pond or waterfall - all that usually meet below. Look at the photo - what interesting ideas You can embody!

Construction of a winter garden of this type is more costly. The exact cost is determined by the design project.

Important moments when arranging a winter garden on the roof

How to build a winter garden on the roof? Leave these professionals or put a carport according to the instructions (it is in each product). And if it is interesting, watch the video posted at the end of the article. We will talk about its improvement.

Parapet is placed on the perimeter of the garden.
Trees and plants in heavy ads put on the outer edge, since it is these places that are able to withstand a lot of weight.
Choosing plants, take into account their warmth and lightness. Bright sunlight is equally harmful to plants, like his absence. Think out dimming options.
Winter plants need fresh air - Ventilation is needed and opening.
Plants periodically need to water. Waterproofing, drainage system, water lead - one of the most important points.
Equipment for heating, garden care should be shifted to the edge of the garden to reduce the load on the roof.
If the garden is the pool, the pond is an additional pressure. Floor and foundation need gain.
Root plant system grows. You should consider the system for restricting such growth.

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