Fire protection of buildings and structures is becoming more and more important every year. The requirements of regulatory documents are gradually being improved and toughened, creating all conditions for timely information and effective protection of people and material assets in case of fire. Whole complexes are implemented for each object fire protection systems, one of which is a gas fire extinguishing system. In this article, we will consider the scope, advantages and disadvantages, basic principles of operation and design features of gas fire extinguishing systems.

Scope of gas fire extinguishing

Gas fire extinguishing systems, although not very common, but in some cases simply cannot do without them. Among such objects are premises with storage of material and artistic values, archives, libraries, computer rooms, server rooms, etc. This is due to the fact that gas fire extinguishing installations do practically no harm, and if there is a properly organized ventilation system, the remnants of the extinguishing gas are removed from the room almost instantly.

The principle of operation of the gas fire extinguishing system, its advantages and disadvantages

The mechanism of action of gas fire extinguishing consists in the displacement of the oxygen in the room by the gas composition, without which the combustion process becomes impossible. When extinguishing with liquefied gas, an additional significant decrease in temperature occurs in the extinguishing zone, which also has a positive effect on the extinguishing process as a whole.

The most significant advantage of gas fire extinguishing systems is minimal damage to equipment and materials in the protected area. So, for example, it is simply impossible to use any of the other types of extinguishing to protect server rooms, since extinguishing with foam, powder, aerosol or water will certainly damage expensive electronic equipment. The damage caused by such extinguishing methods can significantly exceed the material losses in a fire. In addition to the absence of material harm, among the significant advantages of a gas fire extinguishing system, it is worth noting its increased resistance to temperature effects, which is not inherent in any of the other fire extinguishing systems. Removing the released gas from the room is quite simple - using a stationary or mobile ventilation unit.

However, gas extinguishing systems also have certain disadvantages that must be taken into account in the design process. The most significant of them is the high danger to human life and health. Just one breath of extinguishing gas composition minimizes the chances of survival. Therefore, a prerequisite for the launch of such systems is the evacuation of all people in the room, as well as control of the closure front door... In addition, it is additionally necessary to provide for special holes through which the excess pressure will be released. The complexity of building gas fire extinguishing systems and their relatively high cost makes such systems less popular among others. However, if you need to secure premises with the storage of material or spiritual values, expensive machines and mechanisms, the gas fire extinguishing system will be the most correct and reasoned choice.

Composition of the gas fire extinguishing system

So, first, let's look at what is included in the standard installation gas fire extinguishing. The first and foremost is a gas cylinder (1 or more) equipped with an igniter or an electrically started valve. The number of cylinders is calculated during design, taking into account the required amount of extinguishing agent for each specific room. Naturally, all these calculations should be made exclusively by qualified specialists who have all the necessary permits to perform this type of work. Further from the cylinder, a system of pipelines is carried out, at the end of which spray nozzles are located. It is through them that the protected premises are filled with fire extinguishing gas. And of course, each system contains a monitoring and control device, which, upon a signal from fire detectors, initiates the start of fire extinguishing. It also turns on light indicators and sirens, and also transmits signals to turn off the supply and exhaust ventilation and air conditioning, close fire-retarding valves, start the smoke exhaust system, etc. All these points are necessarily negotiated with the customer and the technologist and are implemented during the design of the facility.

Algorithm of the gas fire extinguishing system

1. The PKU receives a "Fire" signal from fire detectors located in the protected area. As a rule, to avoid false alarms, such a signal is generated by a signal from 2 detectors. If the signal comes only from 1 detector, but there is no confirmation, the PKU simply resets it.

2. Upon receipt of the “Fire” signal, the PKU turns on the light indicator and “Gas. Come out "and sounders located inside the room, after which the countdown of the extinguishing start delay begins. Such a procedure is necessary so that all people in the room have time to leave it before the release of the extinguishing agent begins. Further, the PKU monitors the door of the room, using a magnetic contact detector installed on it. If the door is closed, fire extinguishing is started, if not, the start is delayed until the door is closed. If the automation is disabled, it is necessary to start the system in manual mode using the “Start extinguishing” button installed near the protected room or remotely from the PKU.

3. After starting the extinguishing, the gas contained in the cylinder is fed through the distribution pipelines to the spray nozzles located in the room. Simultaneously with this, the “Gas. Do not enter ", notifying that the room is filled with gas and it is dangerous to enter there. The PKU displays a message about the successful start of the system.

4. Upon completion of the PKU extinguishing, it becomes necessary to remove the combustion products and extinguishing agent from the room. For this, the PKU sends a signal to the smoke exhaust system, which opens the valve and turns on the exhaust fans. Also, this process can be carried out using a mobile smoke exhaust installation, one sleeve of which is connected to special holes in the wall of the room, and the other is thrown out through a window or door outside the building. Such a solution is used much more often than a stationary installation, since it is much cheaper and does not require any installation works... In addition, if there are several rooms with gas fire extinguishing at the protected object, only 1 mobile smoke removal unit will be enough for all of them, which will also significantly save the budget.

In fact, the algorithm presented above is relevant for any gas fire extinguishing systems and practically does not depend on the equipment manufacturer. Among the manufacturers, it is worth noting the systems of the Bolid company, built on the basis of the S2000-ASPT with the possibility of external control from the PKU S2000-M, as well as the less well-known systems of the Rubezh and Grand Master companies. The choice of equipment and the design of the gas fire extinguishing system should be carried out exclusively by qualified specialists who have permission to perform this type of work.

The specialists of our company have many years of experience in the design of fire safety systems and gas fire extinguishing in particular. Execution of design work quickly and efficiently is our job. The process will take into account all the wishes of the customer, the requirements of the current regulatory documentation, as well as design features each specific object. In addition, here you can get answers to your questions regarding gas fire extinguishing systems, as well as receive qualified assistance in the selection of the necessary equipment.

For the design and installation of gas fire extinguishing systems, please contact only specialized organizations. Our design and installation bureau of engineering systems has a special license for this type of work. Specialists will make correct calculations of the area and the required amount of equipment, determine the flow rate and type of gas mixtures, working conditions for personnel, temperature regime buildings and take into account other important factors for the installation of fire-fighting gas equipment. Our bureau will also undertake warranty obligations for repair and service.

Features of gas fire extinguishing systems

The provisions of GOST, in accordance with the current legislation of Russia, allow the use of fire extinguishing gas compositions based on nitrogen, carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, argon inergen, freon 23; 227; 218; 125. According to the principle of the effect of gas compositions on combustion, they are divided into 2 groups:

1. Inhibitors (suppressors of fire). These are substances that enter into a chemical reaction with burning substances and take away the energy of combustion.

2. Deoxidants (oxygen pushers). These are substances that create a concentrated cloud around the fire that does not allow the flow of oxygen.

According to the storage method, gas mixtures are divided into liquefied and compressed.

The use of gas extinguishing systems covers industries where contact of stored supplies with liquids or powders is unacceptable. First of all, these are:

• art galleries,
• museums,
• archives,
• libraries,
• computing centers.

Installations of gas fire extinguishing systems differ in the degree of mobility. Portable fire extinguishing modules can be used. There are also self-propelled and towed fire-fighting installations. In places with explosives, in warehouses and storage facilities, it is more expedient to use automatic installations.

In the process of extinguishing, gas from special capsules is sprayed into the room when a certain temperature is exceeded. The fire site is localized by displacing oxygen from the room. Most of the substances in the composition of GOS are non-toxic, nevertheless, gas fire extinguishing systems can create an environment unsuitable for life in a closed room (this applies to deoxidants). For this reason, when entering the room where it is installed gas equipment for fire extinguishing, warning sirens must be placed. Premises with installed gas fire extinguishing must be equipped with light screens: at the entrance “GAZ! DO NOT ENTER! " and at the exit “GAZ! LEAVE!".

According to the provisions of GOST and regulatory enactments, all automatic systems gas extinguishing of a fire should allow a delay in the supply of the mixture until the final evacuation of people.

Service

Maintenance of gas extinguishing systems is a special set of measures aimed at maintaining the system in a state of readiness for a long time. Activities include:

• Periodic testing at least once every five years;
• Routine checks of each individual module for gas leaks;
• Preventive maintenance, current repairs.

By concluding a contract for the design and maintenance of a gas fire extinguishing system, we will carefully consider and write down all the obligations on our part regarding the provision of this service.

The cost of a gas fire extinguishing system consists of the complexity of the design, the complex of equipment, the amount of work on installation and service... By concluding an agreement with the design and installation bureau of engineering systems, you will ensure your production facilities effective system fire protection, which will be maintained by specialists.

MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR
RUSSIAN FEDERATION

STATE FIRE SERVICE

FIRE SAFETY STANDARDS

GAS FIRE EXTINGUISHING UNITS AUTOMATIC

STANDARDS AND RULES FOR DESIGN AND APPLICATION

NPB 22-96

MOSCOW 1997

Developed by the All-Russian Research Institute of Fire Protection (VNIIPO) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

Submitted and prepared for approval by the regulatory and technical department of the Main Directorate of the State Fire Service (GUGPS) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

Approved by the Chief State Inspector Russian Federation on fire supervision.

Agreed with the Ministry of Construction of Russia (letter No. 13-691 of 19.12.1996).

Put into effect by order of the GUGPS of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated December 31, 1996, No. 62.

Centralized automatic gas fire extinguishing system

Modular automatic gas fire extinguishing system

Gas extinguishing battery

Gas extinguishing module

Gas fire extinguishing composition (GOS)

Device for the release and distribution of GOS in the protected room

Inertia of AUGP

Time from the moment the signal is generated to start the AUGP to the beginning of the expiration of the GOS from the nozzle to the protected room without taking into account the delay time

Duration (time) of GOS supply t under, with

Time from the beginning of the expiration of the GOS from the nozzle until the moment of release from the installation of the estimated mass of the GOS required to extinguish a fire in the protected room

Normative volumetric fire extinguishing concentration SN,% vol.

The product of the minimum volumetric fire extinguishing concentration of GOS by the safety factor equal to 1.2

Standard mass fire extinguishing concentration q N, kg × m -3

The product of the standard volumetric concentration of GOS by the density of GOS in the gas phase at a temperature of 20 ° C and a pressure of 0.1 MPa

Room leakage parameter

d= SF H /V P, m -1

The value characterizing the leakage of the protected premises and representing the ratio of the total area of ​​permanently open openings to the volume of the protected premises

Leakage rate,%

The ratio of the area of ​​permanently open openings to the area of ​​enclosing structures

Maximum overpressure in the room R m, MPa

The maximum value of pressure in the protected room when the calculated amount of waste water is discharged into it

GOS reserve

GOST 12.3.046-91

GOS stock

GOST 12.3.046-91

Maximum jet size GOS

Distance from the nozzle to the section, where the velocity of the gas-air mixture is not less than 1.0 m / s

Local, start (turn on)

4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

4.1. The equipment of buildings, structures and premises of the AUGP must be carried out in accordance with the design documentation developed and approved in accordance with SNiP 11-01-95.

Type, size and distribution of the brew load;

Standard volumetric fire extinguishing concentration of GOS;

Availability and characteristics of ventilation, air conditioning, air heating systems;

Characteristics and arrangement of technological equipment;

Room category according to NPB 105-95 and zone classes according to PUE -85;

The presence of people and their evacuation routes.

5.1.5. AUGP calculation includes:

Determination of the estimated mass of GOS required for extinguishing a fire;

Determination of the duration of the GOS supply;

Determination of the diameter of the pipelines of the installation, the type and number of nozzles;

Determination of the maximum overpressure when supplying GOS;

Determination of the required reserve of GOS and batteries (modules) for centralized installations or a stock of GOS and modules for modular installations;

Determination of the type and required number of fire detectors or sprinklers of the incentive system.

Note. The procedure for calculating the diameter of pipelines and the number of nozzles for a low-pressure installation with carbon dioxide is given in the recommended appendix. For installation high pressure with carbon dioxide and other gases, the calculation is carried out according to the methods agreed in the prescribed manner.

5.1.6. AUGP must ensure that the supply to the protected room is not less than the estimated mass of the GOS, intended for extinguishing a fire, for the time specified in clause of the mandatory annex.

5.1.7. AUGP should provide a delay in the release of the GOS for the time necessary for the evacuation of people after the light and sound notification is given, the ventilation equipment stops, the air dampers are closed, fire dampers etc., but not less than 10 s. The required evacuation time is determined in accordance with GOST 12.1.004.

If the required evacuation time does not exceed 30 s, and the time for stopping ventilation equipment, closing air dampers, fire dampers, etc. Exceeds 30 s, then the mass of the waste water treatment plant should be calculated based on the condition of ventilation and (or) leakage available at the time of delivery of the waste water treatment plant.

5.1.8. The equipment and the length of the pipelines must be selected on the condition that the inertia of the AUGP operation should not exceed 15 s.

5.1.9. The AUGP distribution pipeline system, as a rule, must be symmetrical.

5.1.10. AUGP pipelines in fire hazardous areas should be made of metal pipes. It is allowed to use high pressure hoses to connect the modules to the manifold or main pipeline.

The conditional passage of incentive pipelines with sprinklers should be taken equal to 15 mm.

5.1.11. The connection of pipelines in fire extinguishing installations should, as a rule, be performed by welding or threaded connections.

5.1.12. Pipelines and their connections in AUGP must provide strength at a pressure equal to 1.25 R RAB, and tightness at a pressure equal to R RAB.

5.1.13. According to the method of storing the gas fire-extinguishing composition, AUGP are divided into centralized and modular ones.

5.1.14. AUGP equipment with centralized storage of GOS should be placed in fire extinguishing stations.

The premises of fire extinguishing stations must be separated from other premises by type 1 fire partitions and type 3 ceilings.

Fire extinguishing station premises, as a rule, should be located in the basement or on the ground floor of buildings. It is allowed to place a fire extinguishing station above the first floor, while the lifting and transporting devices of buildings, structures must ensure the possibility of delivering equipment to the installation site and carrying out maintenance work. The exit from the station should be provided to the outside, to the staircase, which has an exit to the outside, to the lobby or to the corridor, provided that the distance from the exit from the station to the staircase does not exceed 25 m and there are no exits to rooms of categories A, B and B, with the exception of premises equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations.

Note. An isothermal tank for storing the waste water treatment plant is allowed to be installed outside the premises with a canopy for protection from precipitation and solar radiation with a mesh fence around the perimeter of the site.

5.1.15. The premises of fire extinguishing stations must be at least 2.5 m high for installations with cylinders. The minimum height of the room when using an isothermal container is determined by the height of the container itself, taking into account the provision of a distance from it to the ceiling of at least 1 m.

The room temperature should be from 5 to 35 ° С, relative humidity air no more than 80% at 25 ° С, illumination - not less than 100 lux with fluorescent lamps or not less than 75 lux with incandescent lamps.

Emergency lighting must comply with the requirements of SNiP 23.05.07-85.

The premises of the stations must be equipped with supply and exhaust ventilation with at least two air exchange within 1 hour.

The stations should be equipped with telephone communication with the premises of the duty personnel, who are on duty around the clock.

At the entrance to the station premises, a light board "Fire extinguishing station" should be installed.

5.1.16. The equipment of modular gas fire extinguishing installations can be located both in the protected sanitary room and outside, in the immediate vicinity of it.

5.1.17. The placement of devices for local starting of modules, batteries and switchgears should be at a height of no more than 1.7 m from the floor.

5.1.18. The placement of the equipment of centralized and modular AUGP should ensure the possibility of its maintenance.

5.1.19. The choice of the type of nozzles is determined by their performance characteristics for a particular GOS specified in the technical documentation for the nozzles.

5.1.20. The nozzles should be located in the protected room in such a way as to ensure the concentration of GOS throughout the entire volume of the room is not lower than the standard.

5.1.21. The difference in flow rates between the two extreme nozzles on the same distribution pipeline should not exceed 20%.

5.1.22. The AUGP must provide for devices that exclude the possibility of clogging of the nozzles during the release of the GOS.

5.1.23. Only one type of nozzle should be used in one room.

5.1.24. When placing nozzles in places of their possible mechanical damage, they must be protected.

5.1.25. The painting of the components of installations, including pipelines, must comply with GOST 12.4.026 and industry standards.

Installation piping and modules located in rooms with special aesthetic requirements can be painted in accordance with these requirements.

5.1.26. All external surfaces of pipelines should be painted with protective paint in accordance with GOST 9.032 and GOST 14202.

5.1.27. Equipment, products and materials used in AUGP must have documents certifying their quality and comply with the conditions of use and project specifications.

5.1.28. AUGP of a centralized type, in addition to the calculated one, must have a 100% reserve of gas extinguishing composition. Batteries (modules) for storing the main and reserve GOS must have cylinders of the same standard size and be filled with the same amount of gas extinguishing agent.

5.1.29. AUGP of modular type, having gas fire extinguishing modules of the same standard size at the facility, must have a stock of GOS at the rate of 100% replacement in the installation that protects the largest room.

If at one facility there are several modular installations with modules of different standard sizes, then the stock of GOS should ensure the restoration of the operability of installations that protect the premises of the largest volume with modules of each standard size.

The stock of GOS must be kept in the warehouse of the facility.

5.1.30. If it is necessary to test AUGP, the stock of GOS for carrying out these tests is taken from the condition of protecting the premises of the smallest volume, if there are no other requirements.

5.1.31. The equipment used for AUGP must have a service life of at least 10 years.

5.2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRIC CONTROL, CONTROL, SIGNALING AND POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS AUGP

5.2.1. Electrical controls AUGP must provide:

Automatic start-up of the installation;

Disabling and restoring the automatic start mode;

Automatic switching of power supply from the main source to the reserve one when the voltage is cut off at the main source, followed by switching to the main power source when the voltage is restored on it;

Remote start of the installation;

Disabling the audible alarm;

Delay in the release of GOS for the time required to evacuate people from the premises, turn off ventilation, etc., but not less than 10 s;

Formation of a command impulse at the outputs of electrical equipment for use in control systems for technological and electrical equipment of the facility, fire warning systems, smoke removal, air pressurization, as well as for switching off ventilation, air conditioning, air heating;

Automatic or manual shutdown of sound and light alarms about fire, operation and malfunction of the installation.

Notes: 1. Local start-up must be excluded or blocked in modular installations in which gas fire extinguishing modules are located inside the protected area.

2. For centralized installations and modular installations with modules located outside the protected area, the modules (batteries) must have a local start.

3. If available closed system serving only this room, it is allowed not to turn off ventilation, air conditioning, air heating after the supply of UGS to it.

5.2.2. Formation of a command pulse for automatic start-up of a gas fire extinguishing installation must be carried out from two automatic fire detectors in one or different loops, from two electrical contact pressure gauges, two pressure alarms, two process sensors or other devices.

5.2.3. Remote start devices should be placed at emergency exits outside the protected room or the room to which the protected channel, underground, space behind false ceiling.

It is allowed to place remote start devices in the premises of the personnel on duty with mandatory indication of the AUGP operating mode.

5.2.4. Remote start devices for installations must be protected in accordance with GOST 12.4.009.

5.2.5. AUGP protecting premises in which people are present must have automatic start-up devices in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.4.009.

5.2.6. When opening the doors to the protected room, the AUGP must provide blocking of the automatic start-up of the installation with indication of the blocked state according to p.

5.2.7. Devices for restoring the automatic start-up mode of the AUGP should be placed in the premises of the duty personnel. If there is protection against unauthorized access to the devices for restoring the automatic start-up mode of the AUGP, these devices can be placed at the entrances to the protected premises.

5.2.8. AUGP equipment should provide automatic control of:

The integrity of the fire alarm loops along their entire length;

Integrity of electrical starting circuits (open circuit);

Air pressure in the incentive network, starting cylinders;

Light and sound alarm (automatically or on call).

5.2.9. In the presence of several directions of the GOS supply, the batteries (modules) and switchgears installed in the fire extinguishing station must have plates indicating the protected room (direction).

5.2.10. In the rooms protected by volumetric gas fire extinguishing installations, and in front of the entrances to them, an alarm should be provided in accordance with GOST 12.4.009.

Similar alarms should be installed in adjacent rooms that have an exit only through the protected rooms, as well as rooms with protected channels, undergrounds and spaces behind the suspended ceiling. In this case, the light board "Gas - go away!", "Gas - do not enter" and the warning sound alarm device are installed common for the protected room and protected spaces (channels, underground, behind the suspended ceiling) of this room, and when protecting only the indicated spaces - common for these spaces.

The presence of voltage at the inputs of the working and backup power supplies;

Breakage of electrical circuits of squibs or electromagnets;

The pressure drop in the stimulating pipelines by 0.05 MPa and the starting cylinders by 0.2 MPa with decoding in directions;

AUGP triggering with decoding in directions.

5.2.13. In the fire station room or in another room with personnel on duty around the clock, light and sound alarms should be provided:

On the occurrence of a fire with decoding by directions;

On the operation of the AUGP, with decoding by directions and the receipt of the UES in the protected area;

On the disappearance of the voltage of the main power supply;

About AUGP malfunction with decoding in directions.

5.2.14. In AUGP, the sound signals about fire and operation of the installation must differ in tone from the signals about a malfunction.

About the mode of operation of the AUGP;

On turning off the sound alarm about fire;

On turning off the sound alarm about a malfunction;

On the presence of voltage on the main and backup power supplies.

5.2.16. AUGP must relate to consumers of electricity of the 1st category of power supply reliability according to PUE-85.

5.2.17. In the absence of a backup input, it is allowed to use autonomous power supplies that ensure the operability of the AUGP for at least 24 hours in standby mode and for at least 30 minutes in fire or malfunction mode.

5.2.18. Protection of electrical circuits must be carried out in accordance with PUE-85.

The device of thermal and maximum protection in the control circuits is not allowed, the disconnection of which can lead to a failure to supply UGS to the protected room.

5.2.19. Grounding and grounding of the AUGP equipment must be carried out in accordance with PUE-85 and the requirements of the technical documentation for the equipment.

5.2.20. The selection of wires and cables, as well as the methods of their laying, should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of PUE-85, SNiP 3.05.06-85, SNiP 2.04.09-84 and according to the technical characteristics of cable and wire products.

5.2.21. The placement of fire detectors inside the protected premises should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.04.09-84 or another regulatory document that replaces it.

5.2.22. The premises of the fire station or other premises with personnel on duty around the clock must comply with the requirements of section 4 of SNiP 2.04.09-84.

5.3. REQUIREMENTS FOR PROTECTED AREAS

5.3.1. Premises equipped with AUGP must be equipped with signs in accordance with paragraphs. and .

5.3.2. The volumes, areas, combustible load, the presence and dimensions of open openings in the protected premises must correspond to the design and upon commissioning of the AUGP must be monitored.

5.3.3. Leakage of premises equipped with AUGP should not exceed the values ​​specified in cl. Measures should be taken to eliminate technologically unreasonable openings, door closers, etc. should be installed. The premises, if necessary, should have pressure relief devices.

5.3.4. In the systems of air ducts of general ventilation, air heating and air conditioning of the protected premises, air locks or fire dampers should be provided.

5.3.5. To remove the waste water treatment plant after the end of the AUGP operation, it is necessary to use general ventilation of buildings, structures and premises. It is allowed for this purpose to provide mobile ventilation units.

5.4. SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

5.4.1. Design, installation, commissioning, acceptance and operation of AUGP should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the safety measures set forth in:

- "Rules for the Construction and Safe Operation of Pressure Vessels";

- "Rules technical operation electrical installations of consumers ";

- "Safety rules for the operation of electrical installations by consumers of the State Energy Supervision Service";

- "Uniform safety rules for blasting operations (when used in installations of pyro-cartridges");

These Standards;

The current regulatory and technical documentation, approved in accordance with the established procedure in terms of AUGP.

5.4.2. Devices for local start-up of installations must be fenced and sealed, with the exception of local start-up devices installed in the premises of a fire extinguishing station or fire posts.

5.4.3. It is allowed to enter the protected area after the release of the UGS and extinguish the fire until the end of ventilation only in insulating respiratory protection.

5.4.4. Entry into the room without insulating respiratory protection is allowed only after removal of combustion products and decomposition of GOS to a safe value.

ANNEX 1
Mandatory

Methodology for calculating the parameters of AUGP for extinguishing by volumetric method

1. The mass of the gas extinguishing agent (Mg) which should be stored in the AUGP is determined by the formula

1.1. The coefficients of the equation () are determined as follows.

1.1.1. Coefficient taking into account leaks of gas extinguishing composition from vessels through leaks in valves and uneven distribution of gas extinguishing composition over the volume of the protected room:

K 1= 1,05.

1.1.2. Coefficient taking into account the loss of a gas extinguishing agent through leaks in the room:

K 2 = 1,5 × F (Cn,g ) × d × t UNDER × , (6)

where F (Cn, g ) - functional coefficient depending on the standard volume concentration S N and the ratio of the molecular masses of air and gas extinguishing composition;g = t V / t GOS, m 0.5× s -1, is the ratio of the ratio of the molecular masses of air and GOS;d = S F H/ V P- parameter of room leakage, m -1;S F H- total area of ​​leakage, m 2; H - room height, m.

Coefficient F (Cn, g ) is determined by the formula

F (Sn, y) = (7)

where = 0,01 × C H / g is the relative mass concentration of GOS.

Numerical values ​​of the coefficient F (Cn, g ) are given in the reference appendix.

t UNDER£ 10 s for modular AUGP, using freons and sulfur hexafluoride as GOS;

t UNDER£ 15 s for centralized AUGP, using freons and sulfur hexafluoride as GOS;

t UNDER£ 60 s for AUGP using carbon dioxide as GOS.

3. The mass of the gas extinguishing agent intended for extinguishing a fire in a room with forced ventilation operating:

for freons and sulfur hexafluoride

Mg = K 1 × r 1 × ( VR+ Q × t UNDER ) × [ C H/(100 - C H) ] (8)

for carbon dioxide

Mg = K 1 × r 1 × (Q × t UNDER + VR)× ln [ 100/100 - C H ) ] (9)

where Q - volumetric flow rate of air removed by ventilation from the room, m 3× with -1.

4. Maximum overpressure when supplying gas compositions with room leakage:

< Mg / (t UNDER × j× ) (10)

where j= 42 kg× m -2× C -1× (% vol.) -0.5determined by the formula:

Pt = [C H / (100 - C H) ] × Ra or Pt = Ra + D Rt,(11)

and with leaks in the room:

³ Mg / (t UNDER × j× ) (12)

is determined by the formula

(13)

5. The release time of the GOS depends on the pressure in the cylinder, the type of GOS, the geometric dimensions of pipelines and nozzles. The release time is determined when carrying out hydraulic calculations of the installation and should not exceed the value specified in cl. applications.

APPENDIX 2
Mandatory

Table 1

Normative volumetric fire extinguishing concentration of freon 125 (C 2 F 5H) at t= 20 ° With and R= 0.1 MPa

	GOST, TU, OST	Cn
		volume,% vol.	Mass, kg × m -3
	GOST 18300-72
	GOST 25823-83
Vacuum oil
Cotton fabric
Organoplastic TOPS-Z
Textolite B	GOST 2910-67
Rubber IRP-1118	TU 38-005924-73
Nylon fabric P-56P	TU 17-04-9-78

table 2

Standard volumetric fire extinguishing concentration of sulfur hexafluoride (SP 6) at t = 20 ° With and P = 0.1 MPa

The name of the combustible material	GOST, TU, OST	Standard fire extinguishing concentration Cn
		volume,% vol.	mass, kg × m -3
Transformer oil
	GOST 18300-72
	TU 38-005924-73
Rubber IRP-1118
Cotton fabric	GOST 2910-67
Textolite B	OST 81-92-74
Cellulose (paper, wood)

Table 3

Standard volumetric fire extinguishing concentration of carbon dioxide (CO 2) at t= 20 ° C and P = 0.1 MPa

The name of the combustible material	GOST, TU, OST	Standard fire extinguishing concentration Cn
		volume,% vol.	Mass, kg × m -3
	GOST 18300-72
Rubber IRP-1118	TU 38-005924-73
Cotton fabric
Textolite B	GOST 2910-67
Cellulose (paper, wood)	OST 81-92-74

Table 4

Standard volumetric fire extinguishing concentration of freon 318C (C 4F 8 C) at t = 20 ° WITH and P = 0.1 MPa

The name of the combustible material	GOST, TU, OST	Standard fire extinguishing concentration Cn
		volume,% vol.	mass, kg × m -3
	GOST 25823-83
Rubber IRP-1118
Cellulose (paper, wood)
Getinax
Expanded polystyrene
Factor k 4

4. Average pressure in the main pipeline at the point of its entry into the protected area

p s (p 4) = 2 + 0,568 × 1p , (4)

where l 2 - equivalent length of pipelines from the isothermal vessel to the point at which the pressure is determined, m:

l 2 = l 1 + 69 × d i 1.25× e 1 , (5)

where e 1 - the sum of the resistance coefficients fittings pipelines.

5. Medium pressure

r t = 0,5 × (p s + p 4), (6)

where p s - pressure at the point of entry of the main pipeline into the protected room, MPa; p 4 - pressure at the end of the main pipeline, MPa.

6. Average flow through the nozzle Q T,kg / s, determined by the formula

Q¢ T = 4,1 × 10 -3 × m× k 5 × A 3 , (7)

where m- coefficient of flow through the nozzles; a 3 - outlet area of ​​the nozzle, m;k 5 - coefficient determined by the formula

k 5 = 0,93 + 0,3/(1,025 - 0,5 × R¢ T) . (8)

7. The number of nozzles is determined by the formula

x 1 = QT/Q¢ T.

8. Inner diameter of the distribution pipe ( d¢ i, m, calculated from the condition

d¢ I³ 1,4 × dÖ x 1 , (9)

where d - diameter of the outlet of the nozzle.

Note. Relative mass of carbon dioxide t 4 is determined by the formula t 4 = (t 5 - t) / t 5, where t 5 - initial mass of carbon dioxide, kg.

APPENDIX 5
Reference

Table 1

Basic thermophysical and thermodynamic properties of Freon 125 (C 2 F 5 H), sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6), carbon dioxide (CO 2) and freon 318Ts (C 4F 8 C)

Name	unit of measurement	C 2F 5 H			C 4F 8 C
Molecular mass
Vapor density at R= 1 atm and t = 20 ° WITH	Kg × m -3
Boiling point at 0.1 MPa	° WITH
Melting temperature	° WITH
Critical temperature	° WITH
Critical pressure
Density of liquid at P cr and t cr	Kg × t -3
Specific heat of liquid	kj × kg -1 × ° C -1
	kcal × kg -1 × ° C -1
Specific heat capacity of gas at R= 1 atm and t= 25 ° WITH	kj × kg -1 × ° C -1
	kcal × kg -1 × ° C -1
Latent heat of vaporization	kj × Kg
	kcal × Kg
Gas thermal conductivity coefficient	W × m -1 × ° C -1
	kcal × m -1 × s -1 × ° C -1	1,56 × 10 -5	2,78 × 10 -5	3,35 × 10 6	2,78 × 10 6
Dynamic viscosity of gas	Kg × m -1 × s -1		1,55 × 10 -5
Relative dielectric constant at R= 1 atm and t = 25 ° WITH	e × (e bc) -1
Partial vapor pressure at t = 20 ° WITH
Breakdown voltage of GOS vapors relative to gaseous nitrogen	IN× (INN2) -1

table 2

Correction factor taking into account the height of the protected object relative to sea level

Height, m	Correction factor K 3

Table 3

F (Cn,g) for freon 318Ts (C 4F 8 C)

Cn, % about.	Functional factor F (Cn,g)	Volume concentration of freon 318C SN,% about.	Functional factor F (Cn,g)

Table 4

Functional coefficient value F (Cn,g) for freon 125 (C 2F 5 H)

SN,% vol.	Functional factor (Sn,g)	Volume concentration of freon 125 SN,% vol.	Functional factor (Sn,g)

Table 5

Functional coefficient values F (Cn,g) for carbon dioxide (CO 2)

(CO 2) Cn,% about.	Functional factor (Sn,g)	Volume concentration of carbon dioxide (CO 2) Cn,% about.	Functional factor (Sn,g)

Table 6

Functional coefficient values F (Cn,g) for sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6)

..

(SF 6) Sn,% about.	Functional factor F (Cn,g)	Volume concentration of sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6) Sn,% about.	Functional factor F (Cn,g)

Ed valitov

08.12.2018

Hello, our dear readers and blog guests.

Today we will talk about such an important element of protecting us and our property as gas equipment for fire extinguishing, or rather, about the stages and tasks of its planning.

The design of a gas fire extinguishing system, like any other system, describes its specification and purpose.

Our goal is to demonstrate the procedure for creating an optimal application project that the reader could apply by adapting it to his object.

Let's, by tradition, start with the basics and definitions of the subject we are researching.

Let's see what constitutes gas equipment for extinguishing a fire, and where it is used.

These installations use gas or gaseous reagents, which, when they enter into a chemical reaction with heated air, prevent further combustion.

They are divided into the following methods of influencing the source of ignition.

1. Inhibitory - gaseous reagents block the path for further chemical combustion reaction. It can be sulfur hexafluoride or one of these types of freons: 318C (C 4 F 8), 227EA (C 3 F 7 H), 23, 125 (C 2 F 5 H), FK-5-1-12 (CF 3 CF 2 C (O) CF (CF 3) 2), carbon dioxide (CO 2).
2. Deoxidant - a non-flammable inert gas displaces oxygen from the room. These are, for example, carbon dioxide, a mixture of inergen, nitrogen, argon. Devices of this type fill the entire area of ​​the burning room with a flame extinguishing agent. To increase their efficiency, an access control management system (ACMS) is required that blocks ventilation, closes doors, windows to maximally restrict air access to the fire.

Application of devices with gas cylinder regulated by the standard SP 5.13130.2009.

The composition of an average fire extinguishing installation installed in rooms of different fire hazard categories includes these components:

• One or more cylinders with gas, which are equipped with an electric valve or an igniter.

• Lines from cylinders with spray tips.

• Control device, start-up control, which activates the installation upon a fire alarm signal.
• Communication channels for transmitting information (cables).
• Information collection / processing devices (for example, a personal computer).
• Fire alarms - sound sirens, speech devices, light detectors (plates).
• System

Gas fire extinguishing devices are much more expensive - foam, water and powder devices for extinguishing fire.

They are also more effective. Therefore, this equipment is widely used in many industries, daily life and is used to extinguish fire in:

• production;
• storage facilities of material values;
• museums;
• archives;
• construction sites;
• rooms with expensive electronics;
• other socially significant objects.

They are successfully used in large buildings, rooms with a complex layout due to the high rate of spread of the extinguishing agent (OF).

AUGPT can operate in three launch modes:

The main advantages of gas fire extinguishing are the following qualities.

• They do not emit pesticides during work, do not pollute the environment.
• They quickly detect fires, fill the room with gas in 10-30 seconds.
• No damage to material assets when extinguishing a fire.
• Wide range of application temperatures: from -40 ºС to +50 ºС.
• The room can be returned to a stationary state a few hours after natural ventilation.

These factors can be called the disadvantages of AUGPT.

• Comparatively expensive to install and operate.
• Do not extinguish substances that burn without oxygen.
• Cannot be used outdoors.
• Complete evacuation of personnel from the building is required prior to work commencement.

Characteristics of the object and equipment

As the object of our project, we chose a server room on the first floor with an area of ​​1200 sq. meters of the two-story building of the regional bank.

This is where we will introduce AUGPT. But first, let's describe our object with all its technical means in more detail.

• Ground level is the floor level of the first floor.
• The walls of the building are brick with reinforced concrete ceilings.
• The average room temperature is 15-20 ° С.
• The relative humidity reaches 70%.
• Air flow speed - up to 1 m / s.
• The server room has raised floors.
• There is equipment operating at temperatures ranging from 0 ° C to 40 ° C.
• There are no explosive rooms.
• AUGPT works in conjunction with:

1. round-the-clock power supply system.

• The control of the modes of all subsystems is carried out using the control equipment of the PPKOPP, as well as remote start panels.
• AUPT operates under the control of the control panel and control panel ASP and sirens S2000-ASPT.
• All devices are installed in a separate metal cabinet.
• C 2 F 5 H gas ("Freon-125") is used as a fire extinguishing agent.
• The method of extinguishing the flame is volumetric, with a cooling effect.
• The service life of AUGPT is at least 10 years.

A fire signal is generated when the pressure switch is triggered. The distance from the gas installation modules to the heat source is at least one meter.

The system starts up:

1. automatically - from fire alarms (when at least two are triggered);
2. remotely:

• from the control and monitoring panel;
• from the display unit;
• from the remote control located at the front door.

The holding time from the moment the fire signal arrives until the gas is released into the room is 30 seconds.

During this time, with remote or automatic modes, the system is closed, air conditioning, ventilation is turned off, and with manual start mode, people are also evacuated from the building.

The quantitative characteristics of the protected object are presented in the following summary table.

Control devices

What equipment do you think is more effective for use in gas fire extinguishing installations?

Storing electronic information in a credit institution requires responsibility; therefore, it is necessary to select reliable fail-safe equipment for AUGPT.

One of the options for automatic fire extinguishing is given below.

1. Security and fire control panel S2000M. This is the control center. Here, information is collected, the outputs of different devices are combined, cross-links are created between several sections of the signaling loops, and access rights to control functions are differentiated for different users. RS-485 interface, information transfer according to the specified protocol.
2. Display unit S2000-PT. It controls fire automatics, displays the status of various AUGPT equipment, notifications from other devices. The following states are possible:

• fire;
• blocking of ASPT;
• start-up of ASPT;
• Attention;
• malfunction;
• automatic on / off.

1. Receiving and control device S2000-ASPT. Manages sirens and fire extinguishing equipment. Monitoring the health of the starting mechanisms for a short circuit or open circuit, setting the delay for the release of OF separately for each of the starting modes, monitoring the state of the health circuit, output control circuit, door status sensor circuit and manual start, fire alarm loops.
2. Signal and starting unit S2000-SP1. Relay expander - controls sirens, lamps, electromagnetic locks, and other elements, interacts with other devices, sends alarm signals to the monitoring station.
3. Smoke optoelectronic detector IP212-58. Supersensitive smoke sensor - reacts to the appearance of smoke in the room. The developed design allows to reduce the dustiness of the chamber.
4. Electrocontact remote control element EDU 513-3M. It is used for manual start of fire automatics. In stationary mode, it displays a blinking LED every 4 seconds. Works in conjunction with the control panel.

For the electrical supply of the devices, we use the RIP-24 uninterruptible power supply unit 02P with rechargeable batteries with a capacity of 7 A * h.

Powered devices operate for 23 hours in standby mode and 3 hours in "Fire" mode.

Here are the data on the energy consumption of the equipment used.

Designing a gas installation for extinguishing a fire

Now is the time to find out what is needed to prepare for the design, what stages the project consists of. We draw up the project, guided by the document SP 5.13130.2009.

Before the first stage of the project, we need to collect and study the following information:

• the purpose of the premises: warehouse, public, industrial or residential;
• location engineering communications: water, electricity, ventilation, internet and telephone cables;
• architectural and planning, design features of the facility;
• climatic conditions, maintained air temperature;
• class of fire and explosion hazard of the structure.

Having studied and analyzed in detail this information, we will be able to highlight the successive stages of our planning.

Development of design documentation is carried out in accordance with this plan.

1. Definition and approval of technical specifications for the project.
2. Setting the efficiency indicator of AUGPT, taking into account the leakage indicator of the protected object.
3. Determination of the type of extinguishing agent.
4. Hydraulic calculation of AUGPT. We produce it according to the methodology from the document SNiP RK 2.02-15-2003. It includes the calculation:

• the estimated mass of OM for the elimination of fire;
• the duration of the delivery of the substance;
• irrigation intensity;
• maximum extinguishing area with one sprinkler;
• the diameter of the system pipelines, outlets, the number and type of nozzles (filters) for uniform gas distribution throughout the facility;
• the maximum value of excess pressure when pumping the working solution;
• the number of system modules, as well as the stock of OM.

1. Evaluation of equipment costs, installation of AUGPT.
2. Calculation of the size of the openings for the injection of a substance into a room under excessive pressure.
3. Calculation of the delay time for the release of gas to the outside, which will be required for shutdown ventilation system etc., as well as safe evacuation of people (at least 10 seconds).
4. The choice of the type of device: centralized or modular.
5. Determination of the number of cylinders with OV for installation.
6. Decision on the need to keep a stock of extinguishing agent.
7. Creation of a piping scheme.
8. Making a decision on the need for a local start device for a centralized AUGPT.
9. Establishing the correct piping design.
10. Selection of control devices gas installation fire extinguishing.

After completing the project, i.e. complete calculation of the installation, as well as the purchase of the necessary equipment, we can start the process of installation and commissioning works which are regulated regulatory documents SNiP 3.05.06-85, RD 78.145-93 and other engineering and technical, legal documentation.

Dear readers, we have reviewed the process and stages of designing a gas fire extinguishing installation.

This typical AUGPT project for the server room of a credit institution is, rather, an academic manual for everyone who wants to implement this equipment at their facility.

Until next time on the pages of our blog.

Our design department has developed working documentation for gas fire extinguishing AGPT.

Automatic installation of gas fire extinguishing

The present Project of "Automatic installation of gas fire extinguishing" was developed for the Premises of the data center of the bank. on the basis of the contract, the initial data provided by the Customer, in accordance with technical conditions for design and the following regulatory and technical documentation:

SP1.13130.2009 SP3.13130.2009 SP4.13130.2009 SP5.13130.2009

"Evacuation routes and exits"

"System of warning and management of evacuation of people in case of fire"

"Restriction on the spread of fire at objects of protection"

"Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations"

SP6.13130.2009 "Electrical equipment"

SP 12.13130.2009 "Definition of categories of premises, buildings and outdoor

"Technical regulations on fire safety requirements"

Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations No. 315-2003

PUE 2000 (ed. 7) GOST 2.106-96

"List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment to be protected by automatic fire extinguishing installations and automatic fire alarms"

Electrical installation rules.

one system design documentation... Text documents.

Brief description of the object.

The object is a 3-storey building with a basement. Basement overlap - reinforced concrete, thickness 25 cm. The fire resistance of the building is II, the level of responsibility is normal. The main fire load in the room is the combustible mass of the cables.

The protected premises for explosion and fire hazard have category B4, explosion and fire hazard class - P II -a. Dustiness, presence of aggressive agents, heat and smoke sources are absent. Height of the 1st floor (Data center premises) - variable: from concrete floor to ceiling - 2800 mm; from the concrete floor to the beam - 2530 mm. Basement height - 3 meters.

The main technical solutions adopted in the project.

Characteristics of the protected premises.

Premises	Server
Height, m
Area, m2
Suspended ceiling	missing
Total volume of the room, m3
Raised floor
The full scope of the clandestine space, m
Fire class
Premises
Height, m
Area, m2
Suspended ceiling	missing	missing
Total volume of the room, m3
Raised floor
Total volume of underground space, m3
Fire class
The presence of constantly open openings

The entrance doors to the protected premises are equipped with automatic door closers.

Brief description of the extinguishing agent.

Automatic volumetric fire extinguishing systems directly affect the fire in the initial stage of its development. The gas extinguishing composition "ZMTM Novec 1230" was adopted as a fire extinguishing agent for the protected premises. In installations with a gas extinguishing agent (GFFS) Novec implemented a volumetric method of extinguishing fires based on the cooling effect.

The installation includes the following equipment:

For the server room - 1 module of gas fire extinguishing MPA-TMS 1230 with GOTV "ZMTM Novec 1230" 180 l, working pressure 25 bar at 20 ° C, designed for storage and release of fire extinguishing agent. The module is supplied filled with extinguishing agent. For UPS 1 (UPS 2) -1 gas fire extinguishing module MPA-TMS 1230 with GOTV "ZMTM Novec 1230" 32 l, operating pressure 25 bar at 20 ° C, designed for storage and release of fire extinguishing agent. The modules are supplied filled with extinguishing agent.

The pressure switch, designed to give a signal about the operation of the installation, is installed directly on the locking and starting device of the module. The modules are connected to pipelines by means of high-pressure hoses. On the pipelines, nozzles are installed, designed for uniform dispersion of GFFS "3MTM NovecTM 1230" in the protected area.

System operation

When a fire occurs in the protected premises, one or several detectors (sensors) are triggered and the information from the triggered sensor is sent to the control panel and control device for automatic fire extinguishing means and sirens "S2000-ASPT", through the outputs of which the automatic fire extinguishing installation (AUPT) is controlled ... In case of a single triggering of the smoke (normally open), the function of re-requesting the detector: it resets the voltage in the alarm loop and waits for a repeated triggering within one minute. If the detector did not return to its initial state after reset or re-triggered within one minute, the control panel switches to the "Attention" mode. Otherwise, the device remains in standby mode.

The device recognizes a double triggering, that is, the device distinguishes that two or more detectors have been triggered in the loop. In this case, the transition from the "Armed" and "Attention" modes to the "Fire" mode is carried out only when the second detector in the AL is triggered. Switching the device to the "Fire" mode is a prerequisite for automatic start of AUPT. Thus, the tactics of automatic start of AUPT is implemented when two detectors are triggered in one AL. The fire alarm system is based on DIP-44 (IP 212-44) smoke detectors, combined into loops and connected to automatic control panels control "S2000-ASPT", which are installed in the server room and in the rooms of UPS1 and UPS2. The AUPT is launched automatically when at least 2 IP 212-44 smoke detectors are triggered, included in the fire alarm loop of the S2000-ASPT device.

"AUTOMATIC DISCONNECTED" board; and "GAS-DO NOT ENTER" are installed outside above the doors of the room. Remote start buttons with a Plexo 091621 (Legrand) key with a key to protect against unauthorized activation and Touch Memory key readers "Reader-2" are installed outside at a height of 1.5 m from the floor. To designate the switch, there is a plate "Remote start AUPT", which is installed outside the protected room. After receiving a command from the fire alarm installation, a flat light board with a built-in sound siren "GAZ-LEAVE" "Molniya24-3", installed inside the room, is turned on, and the display board "GAS-DO NOT ENTER" outside the room, and signals are issued to close the fire-retarding valves of ventilation systems and a "Fire" signal to the access control and management system, to the building's fire alarm system and to the dispatching system.

After 10 seconds, necessary for the evacuation of people from the protected "S2000-ASPT" room, a command is issued to start AUPT, while it is necessary that the door to the protected room was closed. The GOTV is started after a delay of 3 seconds. The AUPT start-up time delay is given for the possibility of evacuating people from the premises, turning off the supply and exhaust ventilation, and closing the fire-retarding valves. In accordance with the Customer's assignment, control of air conditioning systems is provided in the amount of 8 pcs. from the 4th channel "S2000-ASPT". "S2000-ASPT" is programmed to turn off the air conditioning system during the gas release. When a fire command is received from the system automation, the air conditioning system of the data center stops. After the expiration of the time required for the evacuation of personnel and the release of GFFS (estimated time 23 seconds), the air conditioning system starts up.

Devices

If the "Automation recovery" parameter is enabled, the S2000-ASPT device automatically restores the "Automation on" mode when the doors are restored (when the door is closed), or upon recovery after a malfunction. 1W, flask PC, IP 44, G-JS-02 R red, which light up when the system is switched to automatic mode. and when the doors are restored, the start mode does not change.To control the closing of the door to the protected area, a magnetic contact detector "IO 102-6" is used.

To ensure the safety of the serviced personnel, upon entering the protected area (opening the door), the magnetic contact detector "IO 102-6" is triggered and blocks the automatic start of the installation. To enable and disable the automatic start of AUPT, external contact devices EI "Reader-2" are installed at the entrance to each protected room. For renovation works and routine checks to disable automatic installations For gas fire extinguishing, Touch Memory keys are used, while the automatic fire alarm system remains in working condition, and the unit will not give a signal to start the automatic fire extinguishing system.

When the automatic start-up system is disabled, the Molniya24 board with the inscription "AUTOMATIC DISCONNECTED", installed outside the protected premises, turns on. Restoration of automatic start is carried out using the indication unit of the fire extinguishing system "S2000-PT", installed in the room for round-the-clock duty under the following conditions:

a control key is defined;

access granted (state external indicator- enabled) via Touch Memory.

fire extinguishing systems

The indication unit of the fire extinguishing system "S2000-PT" installed in the room of round-the-clock duty is intended for issuing to the built-in light indicators and an audible signaling device of the section states received via the RS-485 interface from the "S2000M" console and fire extinguishing control through the "S2000M" console. "S2000-PT" allows to produce in each of 10 directions:

"Turning on the automation" (pressing the "Automatic" button when the automation is off);

"Automatic shutdown" (pressing the "Automatic" button when the automation is on);

"Start PT" (pressing the "Extinguishing" button for 3 s);

- "Cancellation of the PT start" (short press on the "Extinguishing" button).

Basic technological solutions.

The project adopted modular gas fire extinguishing installations. A modular installation designed for gas fire extinguishing in the server room is located in the vestibule. Modular installations designed for gas fire extinguishing of UPS1 and UPS2 premises are located directly in the protected premises. The module is connected to the pipeline by means of a high-pressure hose. A nozzle is installed on the pipeline, designed for uniform dispersion of GFFS "3MTM NovecTM 1230" in the protected area.

The equipment of gas fire extinguishing systems is located with the possibility of free access to it for its maintenance. The main characteristics of automatic gas fire extinguishing installations are presented in the tables.

Main characteristics of A UGP

Protected premises		Server
		MPA-IUS1230 (25-180-50) 180l 1 pc.
GFFS weight, kg
Sprayer (nozzles), pcs.		NVC nozzle DN 32 aluminum 1 1/4 ”- 2 pcs.
GOTV release time, s.
		MPA-IUS1230 (25-180-50)
Protected premises
Gas extinguishing module, pcs.	MPA-NVC 1230 (2532-25)		MPA-NVC 1230 (25-32-25)
GFFS weight, kg
Sprayer (nozzles), pcs.	NVC nozzle DN 32 aluminum		NVC nozzle DN 32 aluminum
GOTV release time, s.
Module for storing a stock of GFFS, pcs.	MPA-ShS1230 (25-32-25)
GFFS weight in spare modules, kg

When a start pulse is applied to the shut-off and start-up device of the electrically powered module (voltage is supplied to the solenoid valve), the shut-off device of this module is opened and the GEF is supplied to the sprayers (nozzles) through the piping.

The calculation of the mass of GFFS, as well as other parameters of the installation was carried out in accordance with SP 5.13130.2009 and VNPB 05-09 "Standard of the organization for the design of gas fire extinguishing installations with MPA-NVC 1230 modules based on the fire extinguishing agent Novec 1230". General technical requirements"(FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia. 2009), as well as the current version of the program for calculating hydraulic flows Hygood Novec 1230 FlowCalc HYG 3.60, developed by Hughes Associates Inc and confirmed by field tests of FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia conclusion No. 001 / 2.3-2010. The removal of combustion products after a fire in accordance with the design assignment is carried out using a general ventilation system.

Installation piping.

The pipelines of the installation shall be made of seamless hot-deformed steel pipes in accordance with GOST 8734-75. The nominal pipe passage is determined by hydraulic calculation. It is allowed to use pipes with different from the design wall thicknesses, provided that the nominal bore specified in the project is preserved, and the thickness is not less than the design one. System piping connections - welded, threaded, flanged. Fastening of pipelines in the places indicated in the drawing, on hangers adopted in this project. Clearance between pipelines and building structures must be at least 20 mm. The installation piping must be grounded. The sign and place of grounding - in accordance with GOST 21130. After completion of the installation, the pipelines should be tested for strength and tightness, in accordance with clause 8.9.5 of SP5.13130.2009. Pipelines and their connections must ensure strength at a pressure equal to 1.25Prab, and tightness for 5 minutes at a pressure equal to Prab (where Prab is the maximum pressure of the GFFS in the vessel under operating conditions). Thus:

Prab = 4.2 MPa

Risp = 5.25 MPa

Before testing, pipelines must be disconnected from the control and starting units and plugged. Test plugs should be screwed into the locations of the nozzles. Pipelines are subjected to protective and identification painting in two layers in colors in accordance with GOST 14202-69 "Pipelines industrial enterprises... Identification coloring, warning signs and marking plates "and GOST R 12.4.026-2001, clause 5.1.3 with enamel grade PF-115 yellow color... Before applying the enamel, one layer of GF-021 primer is applied. Installation of a gas fire extinguishing installation is carried out in accordance with VSN 25.09.66-85 and the product passport.

Cable communication lines

Redundant power supply RIP-24 isp. 01 and the device for receiving and control and control of automatic fire extinguishing means and sirens "S2000-ASPT" to the 220V network and are connected with a VVGng-FRLS 3x1.5 cable. Signal panels "Molniya24", CDU, fire alarm sensors "IP 212-44", magnetic contact sensors "IO102-6" and switching device UK-VK / 04 are connected with cables KMVVng-FRLS 1x2x0.75 and 1x2x0.5. The RS-485 interface line is carried out with a KMVVng-FRLS 2x2x0.75 cable. Cables are laid in rooms in an electrical box 60x20 and 20x12.5, and in the corridor - in an electrical box 20x12, 5 and in corrugated pipe d = 20.

Power supply

According to the PUE, the fire alarm in terms of providing power supply is attributed to power consumers of the 1st category. Therefore, the power supply of the installation should be carried out from two independent AC sources with a voltage of 220 V, a frequency of 50 Hz and at least 2.0 kW each, or from one AC source with automatic switching in emergency mode to a backup power supply from rechargeable batteries... The backup power supply must ensure the normal operation of the installation for 24 hours in standby mode and at least 3 hours in the "Fire" mode. The indication unit of the fire extinguishing system "S2000-PT", the converter of the RS-232 / RS-485, "S2000-PI" interfaces and the fire control and monitoring device "S2000M" are powered by a redundant power source RIP-24 isp. 01.

Control and reception devices and control devices for automatic fire extinguishing means and sirens "S2000-ASPT" installed in the server room and in the rooms of UPS1 and UPS2 consume no more than 30W from the 220V network. The power consumption is 250 watts. Technical specifications electrical receivers of the fire station premises: voltage at the operating input - 220V, 50 Hz. power consumption for the operating input - no more than 2000 VA. voltage deviations from -10% to + 10%.

Occupational health and safety measures

Compliance with the safety instructions is necessary condition safe work during the operation of installations. Failure to comply with the safety instructions can lead to accidents. Persons trained in safety precautions are allowed to service the unit. The passage of the briefing is noted in the journal. All electrical, installation and repairs should be carried out only when relieved stress and compliance with the "Rules for the technical operation of consumer electrical installations" and "Safety rules for the operation of electrical installations of consumers of Gosenergonadzor". All work should be performed only with serviceable tools, it is prohibited to use wrenches with extended handles, instrument handles must be made of insulating material. Installation and commissioning work must be carried out in accordance with RD 78.145-93.

Maintenance.

The main purpose of maintenance is to carry out measures aimed at maintaining installations in a state of readiness for use: prevention of malfunctions and premature failure of component devices and elements.

Maintenance and repair structure:

Maintenance;

Scheduled maintenance;

Planned overhaul;

Unscheduled repairs.

When carrying out maintenance work, one should be guided by the requirements of the "Operating Instructions and maintenance»Devices used in the AUPT system.

Professional and qualification staff.

Maintenance and current repairs are performed by communication fitters of at least the 5th grade. The number of communication fitters for maintenance and current repair of the OS takes into account the necessary time spent on all the constituent elements of the installation. Thus, required amount of the personnel involved in the maintenance of the installations: communications fitter of the 5th grade - 1 person, the 4th grade - 1 person.

Equipment installation requirements.

When installing and operating the units, be guided by the requirements laid down in technical documentation manufacturers of this equipment, GOST 12.1.019, GOST 12.3.046, GOST 12.2.005.

Environmental protection.

permissible health standards. The designed equipment does not emit harmful substances into the environment.

Occupational health and safety.

Necessary to lead to those who have passed the briefing. Compliance with the safety regulations is a prerequisite for safe operation when operating the units. Violation of the safety regulations can lead to accidents. Persons instructed in safety precautions are allowed to service the installation. The passage is noted in the journal.

All electrical installation, installation and repairs should be carried out only when the voltage is removed and the "Rules for the technical operation of consumer electrical installations" and "Safety rules for the operation of electrical installations of consumers of the State Energy Supervision Service" are observed. All work should be performed only with serviceable tools, it is prohibited to use wrenches with extended handles, tool handles must be made of insulating material. Installation and commissioning work must be carried out in accordance with RD 78.145-93.