1. DEVELOPED by the Department of Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification of the Gosstroy of Russia with the participation of CJSC KBE Window Technologies, NIUPTs Interregional Window Institute and the State Enterprise Center for Methodology for Standardization and Standardization in Construction of the Gosstroy of Russia. INTRODUCED by the State Construction Committee of Russia.
2. ADOPTED by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification in Construction (ISTC) on December 2, 1999
3. INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME.
4. PUT INTO ACTION from January 1, 2001 as state standard Russian Federation by the decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated 06.05.2000 No. 37.
INTRODUCED Amendment adopted by the Letter of the State Construction Committee of Russia dated July 23, 2001 No. 9-28 / 462

1 area of ​​use.

This standard applies to window and balcony door blocks made of polyvinyl chloride profiles in accordance with GOST 30673 of a single structure with double-glazed windows (hereinafter - window blocks or products) for buildings and structures for various purposes. It is allowed to extend the requirements of the standard to products glazed with sheet glass and intended for use in unheated rooms. The standard does not apply to dormer window units, products with sliding sash opening, as well as special-purpose window units in terms of additional requirements for fire safety, burglary protection, etc. The scope of application of specific brands of products is established depending on the operating conditions, in accordance with the current building codes and regulations, taking into account the requirements of GOST 23166 and this standard. The requirements of this standard are mandatory (except those specified in the text as recommended or reference). The standard can be applied for product certification.

This document contains references to the following standards:
GOST 9.303-84 ESZKS. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. General requirements to the choice
GOST 111-90 Sheet glass. Technical conditions
GOST 166-89 Calipers. Technical conditions
GOST 427-75 Measuring metal rulers. Technical conditions
GOST 538-88 Locks and hardware. General specifications
GOST 7502-98 Metal measuring tapes. Technical conditions
GOST 8026-92 Calibration rulers. Technical conditions
GOST 9416-83 Construction levels. Technical conditions
GOST 10354-82 Polyethylene film. Technical conditions
GOST 23166-99 Window blocks. General specifications
GOST 24033-80 Windows and balcony doors wooden. Mechanical test methods
GOST 24866-99 Glued glass units for construction purposes. Technical conditions
GOST 26433.0-85 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Measurement rules. General Provisions
GOST 26433.1-89 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Measurement rules. Prefabricated elements
GOST 26602.1-99 Window and door blocks. Methods for determining resistance to heat transfer
GOST 26602.2-99 Window and door blocks. Methods for determining air and water permeability
GOST 26602.3-99 Window and door blocks. Method for determining sound insulation
GOST 26602.4-99 Window and door blocks. Method for determining the total light transmittance
GOST 30673-99 PVC profiles for window and door blocks. Technical conditions

3 Terms and definitions

The terms and definitions used in this standard are given in GOST 23166. Terms reflecting the specifics of the design of window blocks made of polyvinyl chloride profiles (hereinafter PVC profiles), as well as definitions of their main functional areas, parts and dimensions are given in Appendix A.

4 Classification and designation

4.1 Products are classified according to GOST 23166, as well as by options structural performance and the type of finishing of the front surfaces of PVC profiles.
According to the design options of PVC profiles, window blocks are subdivided into products with one-, two-, three-, four or more chamber profiles.
By the type of finishing of the front surfaces, the products are divided into:
white, colored throughout the mass; finished decorative film(laminated); with co-extruded topcoat.
4.2 The designation of products is taken in accordance with GOST 23166 with an indication of the designation of this standard.
4.3 For products manufactured according to individual orders, it is allowed to accept the following convention structure:

Example of a legend for a window profile- OP B2 1840-1220 (4M1-16Ar-K4) GOST 30674-99 - window block made of PVC profiles - OP, product class in terms of reduced heat transfer resistance - B2, height 1840 mm, width 1220 mm, with a glass unit design: outer glass 4 mm thick, grade M1 in accordance with GOST 111, the inter-glass distance is 16 mm, filled with argon, internal glass 4 mm thick with a hard heat-reflecting coating, in accordance with this standard.

In the case of using products frost-resistant performance to the designation of the type of product add the letter " M».

When placing an order for the manufacture (supply) of individual products, it is recommended to indicate a variant of a constructive solution, including a description of the design of profiles and glass units, a drawing indicating the opening scheme, type of window devices, requirements for appearance and other requirements as agreed between the manufacturer and the customer.

5 Technical requirements

5.1 General
5.1.1 Products must comply with the requirements of this standard, GOST 23166 and be manufactured according to design and technological documentation, approved in the prescribed manner.
The recommended composition of the documentation for the manufacture of window units is given in Appendix B.
5.1.2 Products consist of frame elements welded from PVC profiles, reinforced with steel inserts.
Imposts are fixed in frame elements using mechanical connections or welding.
The design of products (except for those intended for unheated rooms) must include at least two rows of sealing gaskets in the porches.
Examples of constructive solutions for the main joints (porches) of sashes and boxes of various window systems are shown in Figures 1-3.

Figure 1 - Units of the main porches with inner and outer seals
a - window system of three-chamber profiles; b - a window system with a four-chamber sash and a three-chamber box (the arrangement of the outer walls of the sashes and boxes in the same plane); c - window system of three-chamber profiles (outward opening); d - a window system made of multi-chamber profiles with an extended frame; d - window system with a glazed frame

Figure 2 - Nodes of the main vestibules with different kinds seals
a, b - window systems made of three-chamber profiles with middle and inner seals; c - a window system with a four-chamber sash and a three-chamber box, with outer, middle and inner seals; d - a window system with a multi-chamber sash and a three-chamber box with outer, middle and inner seals (arrangement of the front outer walls of the sashes and boxes in the same plane); d - window system with a four-chamber sash and a frame with outer, middle and inner seals; e - a window system with a four-chamber sash and a multi-chamber composite frame with an outer middle and inner seals

Figure 3 - Nodes of the impost and shtulp narthex
a - impost vestibule of the window system with external and internal seals; b - shtulpovy (bezimpostny) vestibule of the window system with external and internal seals; c - shtulpovy (no-impedance) vestibule of the window system with middle and inner seals; d - impost narthex of non-opening and opening elements of the window system with middle and inner seals
5.1.3 The design of products for residential premises should provide for ventilation of premises using vents, transoms, doors with tilt-and-turn (tilt) adjustable opening or ventilation valves... To improve the humidity regime of the premises, it is recommended to use self-ventilation systems in products using intra-profile channels, as well as window blocks with built-in adjustable and self-adjusting climatic valves. The system of in-profile duct self-ventilation is given in Appendix B. To increase the sound-proof characteristics of the product in the ventilation mode, noise-proof dampers can be installed in the window blocks.
5.1.4 The requirements of this standard apply to window units with an area not exceeding 6 m2, with a maximum area of ​​each opening element of 2.5 m2 for white products and 2.2 m2 for other colors. The estimated weight of the flaps (canvases) of white products should not exceed 80 kg, the mass of opening elements of products of other colors - 60 kg. The manufacture of window blocks (sashes) with an area and mass exceeding the indicated values ​​must be confirmed by the results laboratory tests or additional strength calculations in accordance with the current building codes, taking into account the requirements of GOST 23166. The permissible ratio of the height and width of the opening elements of specific brands of products, taking into account the opening scheme, types of profiles and window devices used, the moment of inertia of reinforcing inserts and the weight of sash elements are set in technical documentation.

5.1.5 Products must be safe to operate and maintain. Safety conditions for the use of products various designs installed in the design documentation (for example, window blocks with suspended opening of the sash are not recommended for use in childcare facilities). Products must be designed for service loads, including wind loads, in accordance with applicable building codes.
5.1.6 Products (or materials for their manufacture and component parts) must have sanitary safety documents provided for by applicable law and drawn up in accordance with the established procedure.

5.2 Dimensions and requirements for limit deviations

5.2.1 Overall dimensions and architectural drawings of window units - in accordance with GOST 23166.
The nominal dimensions of sections of profiles, reinforcing inserts, combinations of profiles are set in the technical documentation for their manufacture.
5.2.2 Limit deviations of the nominal overall dimensions of products should not exceed +2.00 -1.00 mm.
5.2.3 Limit deviations from the nominal dimensions of the elements of products, the gaps in the porches and under the overlap, the dimensions of the arrangement of window devices and hinges should not exceed the values ​​specified in Table 1. The difference in the lengths of the diagonals of rectangular frame elements should not exceed 2.0 mm at the greatest length sash sides up to 1400 mm and 3.0 mm - over 1400 mm.

(Modified edition, Revised 2001)

5.2.4 The difference in front surfaces (sag) in welded corner and T-shaped joints of adjacent profiles of boxes and sashes, the installation of which is provided in the same plane, should not exceed 0.7 mm, when mechanical connection of imposts with box profiles, as well as between themselves - no more than 1.0 mm.
5.2.5 In the event that the processing of the welded seam provides for the recess of the groove, the size of the groove on the front surfaces should not exceed 5 mm in width, the depth of the groove should be within 0.5-1.0 mm, and the shear value of the outer corner of the weld should not should exceed 3 mm along the weld.
5.2.6 The sag of the opening elements (sashes, canvases, vents) in the assembled product should not exceed 1.5 mm per 1 m of width.
5.2.7 The deviation of the nominal size of the distance between the overlays of adjacent closed sashes should not exceed 1.0 mm per 1 m of the length of the rebate.
5.2.8 Deviations from the straightness of the edges of the parts of frame elements should not exceed 1 mm per 1 m of length in any area

5.3 Features

5.3.1 The main operational characteristics of products with three-chamber profiles of boxes and sashes are given in Table 2. Indicators of the reduced resistance to heat transfer for products from profiles with a different number of chambers and a different design of a glass unit are taken based on the results of laboratory tests.

(Modified edition, Revised 2001)

5.3.2 Resistance to static loads and forces applied to the doors to open and close them - in accordance with GOST 23166.
5.3.3 Welded fillet joints with treated welded seams of flaps up to 1000 mm wide must withstand the action of the test load applied according to scheme A of Figure 9, not less than:
750 N - with a sash height up to 1300 mm;
800 N - with a sash height over 1300 to 1500 mm;
900 N - with a sash height over 1500 to 1800 mm;
1000 N - with a sash glazing area of ​​2.1-2.3 m2 and for door trims.
The value of the loads in the strength test corner joints sash widths over 1000 to 1200 mm increase by 10%. The value of loads when testing the strength of corner joints of boxes according to scheme A in Figure 9 is at least 800 N, according to scheme B -1600 N. When testing according to scheme B in Figure 9, corner joints must withstand the action of a load doubled.

5.3.4 Strength values ​​of corner joints of frame elements in the case of using profiles of classes B and C in accordance with GOST 30673 are established in the normative and design documentation for these types of products.
5.3.5 Appearance products: color, gloss, permissible surface defects of PVC profiles (risks, scratches, shrinkage cavities, etc.) must: comply with the reference samples approved by the head of the manufacturer of the products. Welded seams should not have arson, poorly welded areas, cracks. It is not allowed to change the color of PVC profiles in the places of welded seams after their stripping.
5.3.6 The front surfaces of the profiles of sash and product boxes (except for curved ones) must be protected with self-adhesive tape.
5.4 Requirements for accessories and their installation
5.4.1 Materials and components used for the manufacture of window units must comply with the requirements of standards, specifications, technical certificates, approved in the prescribed manner.
5.4.2 The main components of the products: PVC profiles, double-glazed windows, gaskets, window devices must be tested for durability (reliability) in test centers accredited for the right to carry out such tests.

5.5 Requirements for PVC profiles

5.5.1 Polyvinyl chloride profiles must be made of rigid unplasticized polyvinyl chloride modified for high impact strength and resistance to climatic influences, and meet the requirements of GOST 30673, as well as technical specifications for specific systems of profiles, approved in the prescribed manner.
5.5.2 Products are recommended to be made of white PVC profiles, dyed in mass. By agreement between the consumer and the manufacturer, it is allowed to manufacture products from PVC profiles of other colors and types of finishing of the front surfaces. The use of color profiles painted in mass without a protective decorative coating on surfaces exposed to ultraviolet rays is not allowed.
5.5.3 Curved profiles should not have deviations from the shape (warpage, waviness) exceeding the width and height of the profile (± 1.5) mm. The recommended minimum bending radius for white PVC profiles should be taken equal to five times the profile width, for other profiles - 5.5 of the profile width.

5.6 Requirements for glazing, door panels and gaskets

5.6.1 For glazing products, one-two-chamber double-glazed windows are used in accordance with GOST 24866, glass in accordance with GOST 111, as well as according to regulatory documents for specific types of translucent filling of window blocks. It is recommended to use glass with low-emission heat-reflecting coatings in the construction of insulating glass units. To increase the heat-shielding characteristics, double-glazed windows can be filled with an inert gas.
5.6.2 To increase the architectural expressiveness, it is allowed to install decorative layouts (slabs) on the outer surfaces of double-glazed windows on weather-resistant adhesives or use double-glazed windows with inner frame(Figure 4).
5.6.3 Double-glazed windows (glass) are installed in the fold of the sash or box on lining, excluding the contact of the edges of the glass unit (glass) with the inner surfaces of the folds of PVC profiles. Depending on the functional purpose, the pads are subdivided into basic, support and distance ones.

Figure 4 - Options for installing decorative layouts
a - profiles of the inner frame of the glass unit; b - overhead decorative layouts; c - a variant of the combined use of overhead layouts and the inner frame of a double-glazed window; d - binding connections of layouts

To provide optimal conditions to transfer the weight of the glass unit to the structure of the product, support pads are used, and to ensure the nominal dimensions of the gap between the edge of the glass unit and the fold of the sash, spacer pads are used. Basic pads are used to level the seam bevels and are installed under the support and distance pads. The width of the base shims must be equal to the rebate width, and the length must be at least the length of the support and distance shims. Support and spacers can combine the functions of basic ones. The length of the supporting and spacer pads should be from 80 to 100 mm, the width of the pads should be at least 2 mm more than the thickness of the glass unit.
5.6.4 Liners are made of rigid weather-resistant polymeric materials. The recommended value of the hardness of the support pads is 75-90 units. by Shore A.
5.6.5 Methods of installation and (or) construction of pads should exclude the possibility of their displacement during transportation and operation of products.
5.6.6 The design of the pads should not impede air circulation over the inner surface of the glazing rebate.
5.6.7 If the installation location of the backing plate coincides with the head of the fastening screw, the backing plate must not be skewed.
5.6.8 It is recommended to install no more than two support pads on either side of the glass unit.
5.6.9 The distance from the linings to the corners of the double-glazed windows should be, as a rule, 50-80 mm. If the width of the glass unit is more than 1.5 m, it is recommended to increase this distance to 150 mm.
5.6.10 The main schemes of the location of the support and spacers during the installation of double-glazed windows, depending on the type of opening of the window blocks, are shown in Figure 5. In balcony door blocks and in products with reinforced locking devices, it is recommended to install additional linings at the locking points.

Figure 5 - Diagrams of the location of the support and distance pads during the installation of double-glazed windows, depending on the type of opening of window blocks
Types of window block opening: a - non-opening; b - swing-out; в - swivel (swing); g - folding; d - suspended; e - installation of linings in curly window blocks; g - support pads; c - spacers

5.6.11 Opaque fillings of the canvases of balcony door blocks (panels) are recommended to be made of three-layer panels consisting of plastic or aluminum cladding sheets filled with insulation. In the panels of products intended for use in unheated rooms, it is allowed to use sheet or facing materials without insulation.
5.6.12 Installation of panels in door leaves is carried out in accordance with the requirements for the installation of double-glazed windows.
5.6.13 Structural solutions for the attachment points of double-glazed windows, as well as panels for filling the opaque part of the door leaf, must exclude the possibility of their dismantling from outside.
5.6.14 The installation of double-glazed windows (glass), as well as the sealing of the sash porches, is carried out using elastic polymer sealing gaskets. Allowed for fastening double-glazed windows with inside use of glazing beads with co-extruded sealing.
5.6.15 Sealing gaskets must be resistant to climatic and atmospheric influences.
5.6.16 The contact of the gaskets must be tight, preventing the penetration of water.
5.6.17 Sealing gaskets should be installed continuously around the entire perimeter of the porch of the sash and glass unit. For annular installation, the joint of the gaskets should be at the top of the product. When installing gaskets with joints in the corners at 45 °, the joints of the gaskets should be welded or glued (except for gaskets installed in shtapiks). Corner bends and welded joints of sealing gaskets for glass units should not have protrusions (protrusions) that cause concentrated loads on the glass units.

It is allowed to disrupt the continuity of the installation of gaskets in the sash vestibule in structures that provide for self-ventilation of products, as well as in other cases provided for by design solutions and established in the design documentation.

5.7 Requirements for reinforcement liners

5.7.1 Main PVC profiles of products are reinforced with steel liners with anti-corrosion coating.
5.7.2 The shape, wall thickness and moments of inertia of reinforcing liners, as well as the maximum allowable dimensions of the flaps when using specific types of liners, are set in the technical documentation for the manufacture of products.
5.7.3 Reinforcement liners should enter the inner chambers of PVC profiles tightly, by hand, without the help of special devices.
5.7.4 When using white profiles, reinforcing inserts may not be installed (except for imposts) in parts of products whose length is less than 700 mm. When using colored profiles, as well as in details of frost-resistant window blocks and in special cases when it is required according to the documentation of PVC profile manufacturers, the installation of reinforcing inserts is mandatory in all details of products.
5.7.5 The wall thickness of the reinforcing liners must be at least 1.2 mm; to reinforce colored and frost-resistant profiles, it is recommended to use reinforcing liners with a wall thickness of at least 1.5 mm.
5.7.6 The distance from the insert to the corner (end) of the reinforced part of the profiles should be within 10-30 mm. In the structures of products with a mass of double-glazed windows over 60 kg, as well as in reinforced products, it is recommended to use inserts beveled at an angle of 45 °. Installation examples of reinforcing inserts are shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6 - Examples of installation of reinforcing inserts

The length of the reinforcing inserts of the imposts when they are mechanically attached to the inserts of the box is determined by the design of the connection.

(Modified edition, Revised 2001)

5.7.7 Docking or rupture of reinforcing liners along the length within one PVC profile is not allowed.
5.7.8 Each reinforcing insert is attached to the non-front side of the PVC profile with at least two self-tapping screws (screws) in accordance with regulatory documents (hereinafter - ND). The distance from the inner corner (weld) to the nearest self-tapping screw installation location should not exceed 80 mm. The fixing step should be no more than: 400 mm - for white profiles, 300 mm - for other types of profiles, as well as for frost-resistant profiles.
5.7.9 Steel reinforcing liners must be protected with a zinc coating with a thickness of at least 9 microns in accordance with GOST 9.303.

Skips and damage to the coating are not allowed.

5.8 Requirements for window fittings

5.8.1 In the manufacture of products, window devices and fasteners are used, specially designed for use in window systems made of PVC profiles.
5.8.2 The type, number, location and method of fastening of locking devices and hinges are established in the working documentation, based on the size and weight of the opening elements of the product, as well as the operating conditions of the window blocks. In this case, the distance between the hinges and the locking points, as a rule, should not exceed 800 mm.
5.8.3 It is recommended to fasten the hinges with self-tapping screws through at least two walls of PVC profile with a total thickness of at least 4.5 mm or through one wall of the profile and a reinforcing insert. If it is necessary to drill holes for screws, their diameter should be equal to the diameter of the central shaft of the screw. With a mass of opening elements of more than 60 kg, as well as in balcony door blocks and reinforced products, it is recommended to fasten the hinges in reinforcing inserts.
5.8.4 It is recommended to use adjustable hinges in products, devices for swing-out opening, providing slot ventilation, as well as ventilation with an adjustable opening angle, using fuses against accidental opening (including when the devices are in ventilation mode). To ensure a fixed gap between the lower profiles of the sashes and frames, it is recommended to use guides (ramps) pads, rollers or special fittings.
5.8.5 Locking devices must ensure reliable locking of the opening elements of the products. Opening and closing should be easy, smooth, without jamming. Instrument handles and bolts must not spontaneously move from the "open" or "closed" position.
5.8.6 Designs of locking devices and hinges should ensure tight and uniform crimping of gaskets along the entire contour of the seal in the porches.
5.8.7 Window devices and fasteners must meet the requirements of GOST 538 and have a protective and decorative (or protective) coating in accordance with GOST 9.303.

Window devices must withstand the action of loads and forces applied to them in accordance with GOST 23166.

5.9 Construction requirements

5.9.1 Corner joints of PVC profiles of frame elements shall be welded. The calculated strength of welded joints is given in the design documentation. To strengthen the welded joints in the corners of the balcony block canvases with a width of more than 800 mm, it is recommended to use welded polyvinyl chloride liners connected by screws with reinforcing liners. An example of installing earbuds is shown in Figure 7.
5.9.2 Mullions are attached to adjacent PVC frame (sash) profiles using steel or plastic fasteners, screws or screws. Examples of mullion fastening are shown in Figure 8. It is allowed to use welded T-shaped and cruciform connections of mullions. In this case, the strength of the joints must not be lower than the strength established for the corner joints.
5.9.3 Corner and T-shaped joints of profiles must be sealed. It is allowed to seal the mechanical joints of PVC profiles with weather-resistant elastic gaskets. Gaps up to 0.5 mm are allowed to be sealed with special sealants that do not deteriorate the appearance of products and provide protection of the joints from moisture penetration.

Figure 7 - Insert for strengthening corner joints

Figure 8 - Examples of fastening mullions

5.9.4 Designs of products should include a system of holes: for draining the cavity between the edges of the glass unit and the folds of the profiles; water drainage; wind pressure compensation; reducing the heating of colored profiles.
5.9.5 Each glazing field must have holes for draining the cavity between the edges of the glass unit and the folds of the profiles. The holes should be located in the deepest parts of the folds and not have burrs that impede the drainage of water. For systems with a middle seal, the holes must be in front of the middle seal on the outside. The bottom profile of the sash must have at least two holes with maximum distance between them 600 mm, in the upper profile with its length up to 1 m - two holes, more than 1 m - three. Recommended hole sizes are at least 8 mm in diameter or at least 5 x 10 mm in size. The location of the holes should not coincide with the installation locations of the insulating glass pads. In the profile walls, the holes must be displaced relative to each other by at least 50 mm.
5.9.6 The bottom profiles of boxes and horizontal imposts must have at least two overflow holes of at least (5x20) mm in size, the distance between which must be no more than 600 mm. The overflow holes must be displaced in the profile walls by at least 50 mm. The holes must be free of burrs that would obstruct the drainage of water. For systems with a center seal, the slots must be in front of the center seal on the outside. On the front surface of the box, the openings must be protected by decorative visors.
5.9.7 For systems with external and internal seals and for systems with three sealing circuits, when installing products at a height of more than 20 m, it is recommended to make holes in the upper horizontal profiles of the boxes to compensate for the wind pressure in the cavity between the frame and the sash. Wind pressure compensation holes must have a diameter of at least 6 mm or a size of at least (5x10) mm in the upper profile of the box. With a box profile length of up to 1 m, two holes are drilled, more than 1 m - three. To compensate for the wind pressure, it is possible to remove the outer seal in the 30 mm long sections in the upper frame of the frame.
5.9.8 Functional openings should not pass through the walls of the main chambers of the profiles.
5.9.9 In the case of using colored profiles, it is recommended (for ventilation of the outer chambers to avoid overheating when exposed to sunlight) to make through holes through the walls of the outer chambers of the sash profiles and boxes with a diameter of 5-6 mm.
5.9.10 The number and location of all types of holes is set in the working documentation. In this case, one should take into account the influence of the drain holes on the adjacent functions of the products (sound, thermal insulation, etc.)

(Modified edition, Revised 2001)

5.9.11 The depth of pinching of a double-glazed window (glass) in the folds of the profiles, as well as the depth of pinching with glazing beads should not be less than 14 mm.
5.9.12 It is recommended to protect the thresholds of balcony doors with aluminum strips that do not block the water drainage holes.
5.10 Completeness
5.10.1 The complete set of products upon delivery to the consumer must comply with the requirements specified in the order.
5.10.2 Finished products should have installed appliances, double-glazed windows, gaskets and a protective film on the front surfaces. A set of products may include additional, connecting and other profiles for various purposes in accordance with GOST 30673. Completing profiles protruding from the plane of the product, parts of locking devices, as well as decorative visors may be supplied unassembled with the products. By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, separate transportation of double-glazed windows is allowed, while the consumer should be provided with a diagram of the installation of linings for double-glazed windows.

(Modified edition, Revised 2001)

5.10.3 The delivery set should include a quality document (passport) and instructions for the operation of products.
5.10.4 At the request of the consumer, the manufacturer provides him with standard instructions for the installation of window units, and also completes the products with materials for the care of products in accordance with the requirements of the operating instructions.
5.11 Marking
5.11.1 Marking of products - in accordance with GOST 23166.
5.11.2 The main profiles, window fittings and glass units included in the product must be marked in accordance with the ND for this product.

6 Acceptance rules

6.1 Products must be accepted by the technical control of the manufacturer for compliance with the requirements of this standard, as well as the conditions specified in the contract for the manufacture and supply of products. The confirmation of the acceptance of products by the technical control of the manufacturer is their marking, as well as the execution of documents on the acceptance and quality of products.

Products are accepted in batches. When accepting products at the manufacturing enterprise, the number of products manufactured within one shift and issued with one quality document is taken as a batch.

6.2 The requirements for product quality established in this standard confirm:
incoming inspection of materials and components;
operational production control;
acceptance control of finished products;
control acceptance tests of a batch of products carried out by the quality service of the manufacturer;
periodic testing of products in independent testing centers;
qualification and certification tests.
6.3 The procedure for conducting incoming control and operational production control at workplaces is established in the technological documentation.

If the manufacturer completes the window units with component parts of their own manufacture, they must be accepted and tested in accordance with the requirements of the regulatory documentation for these products.

6.4 Acceptance control of the quality of finished products is carried out piece by piece, by the method of continuous control. At the same time, they check:
appearance of products;
deviations in the dimensions of the gaps under the weld;
sagging of opening elements;
deviation of the size of the distance between the overlapping flaps;
the presence and location of holes;
the work of window fittings and hinges;
the presence of a protective film on the front surfaces.

The finished products that have passed the acceptance control are marked. Products that have not passed acceptance control for at least one indicator are rejected.

6.5 Products must undergo control acceptance tests carried out by the manufacturer's quality service at least once a shift. At the same time, they control:
deviations in nominal dimensions and straightness of edges;
strength of corner joints;
requirements for the installation of linings for double-glazed windows;
installation requirements for gaskets;
requirements for the installation of reinforcing liners;
location and operation of window fixtures;
requirements for the quality of welded seams;
requirements for the appearance and the presence of a protective film;
requirements for the size, number and location of functional holes;
requirements for labeling and packaging.
The tests are carried out on three samples.

When negative result tests for at least one indicator, re-check the quality of products on a doubled number of samples for an indicator that had a negative test result. Upon repeated detection of non-compliance of the indicator with the established requirements, the controlled and subsequent batches of products are subjected to continuous control (grading). In case of a positive result of continuous control, they return to the established procedure for acceptance tests.

In the case of a negative test result in terms of the strength of corner joints, repeated tests are carried out on a doubled number of samples. If the result of repeated tests is unsatisfactory, the batch is rejected, and the production of products is stopped until the cause of the marriage is eliminated.

(Modified edition, Revised 2001)

6.6 Periodic tests according to the performance indicators specified in 5.3.1-5.3.3 are carried out when changes are made in the design of products or their manufacturing technology, but at least once every five years, as well as during certification of products (in terms of the indicators provided for by the methods certification).

Product qualification tests are carried out when the product is put into production. In justified cases, it is allowed to combine qualification and certification tests.

The tests are carried out in independent test centers accredited for the right to conduct them.

6.7 The consumer has the right to conduct a control check of the quality of products, while observing the sampling procedure and test methods specified in this standard.

When accepting products by the consumer, a batch is considered the number of products shipped for a specific order, but not more than 500 pieces, drawn up in one quality document.

By agreement of the parties, acceptance of products by the consumer can be carried out at the manufacturer's warehouse, at the consumer's warehouse or in another place specified in the supply contract.
6.9 Each batch of products must be accompanied by a quality document (passport) in accordance with GOST 23166.
6.10 Acceptance of products by the consumer does not release the manufacturer from liability in the event of hidden defects that have led to a violation of the performance characteristics of the products during the warranty period.

7 Control methods

7.1 Input and production methods operational control the quality is established in the technological documentation.
7.2 Methods of control during acceptance inspection and acceptance tests
7.2.1 The geometric dimensions of the products, as well as the straightness of the edges, are determined using the methods established in GOST 26433.0 and GOST 26433.1. Limit deviations from the nominal dimensions of the elements of products, the difference in the lengths of the diagonals and other dimensions are determined using a metal measuring tape in accordance with GOST 7502, a caliper in accordance with GOST 166, probes in accordance with ND. Limit deviations from the straightness of the edges are determined by applying a straightedge in accordance with GOST 8026 or a building level with a flatness tolerance of at least ninth degree of accuracy in accordance with GOST 9416 to the test part and measuring the largest gap using probes in accordance with ND. Measurements of linear dimensions should be carried out at an air temperature of the products (20 ± 4) ° С. If it is necessary to carry out measurements at other temperatures, the temperature change in the linear dimensions of the profiles should be taken into account: 0.8 mm / m for every 10 ° C deviation from the specified temperature.

7.2.2 Limit deviations of the nominal dimensions of the gaps under the overlay are checked using a set of probes. The gaps in the vestibule are determined with a caliper by measuring the adjacent dimensions of the sections.

(Modified edition, Revised 2001)

7.2.3 The sag in the conjugation of adjacent parts is determined with a probe as the distance from the edge of the metal ruler in accordance with GOST 427, applied to the upper mating surface, to the lower surface.
7.2.4 The appearance and color of products (including in the places of welded seams) are assessed by comparison with reference samples approved in the prescribed manner.

Differences in color, gloss and surface defects, visible to the naked eye from a distance of (0.6-0.8) m in natural light of at least 300 lux, are not allowed.

7.2.5 The tightness and correct installation of the sealing gaskets, the presence and location of linings, functional holes, window devices, fasteners and other parts, the color and absence of cracks in welded joints, the presence of a protective film, marking and packaging are checked visually. To determine the tightness of the sealing gaskets, the dimensions of the gaps in the porches and the degree of compression of the gaskets are compared, which should be at least 1/5 of the height of the uncompressed gasket. Measurements are made with a caliper. The tightness of sealing gaskets in closed sash porches may be determined by the presence of a continuous trace left by a coloring agent (for example, colored chalk), previously applied to the surface of the gaskets and easily removed after testing.

7.2.6 Determination of strength (bearing capacity) of fillet welded jointsFor testing the strength of fillet welded joints, the load application schemes shown in Figure 9 are used.

Figure 9 - Diagrams of load application when determining the strength of fillet welded joints
1 - support; 2 - stop (for scheme B - carriages); 3 - sample; 4 - -point of load application; 5 - removable fastening clamps

The test procedure is in accordance with GOST 30673 with the following additions.

Welded seams are cleaned in accordance with the accepted technology for the manufacture of window blocks.

The samples are tested with reinforcement pads inserted therein.

The magnitude of the loads is taken according to 5.3.3, the control method is non-destructive, the exposure under load is at least 3 minutes.

The test result is considered satisfactory if each specimen has withstood the load without destruction and cracking.

7.2.7 The operation of window devices is checked by five-time opening and closing of the casement elements of the product. In case of detection of deviations in the operation of window devices, they are adjusted and re-checked.

7.3 Methods of control during periodic tests.

7.3.1 Strength (bearing capacity) of fillet welded joints is determined in accordance with 7.2.6.

When conducting tests, it is allowed to use other load schemes and test equipment. In this case, the test methods, including the processing of the results, must be correlated with the test method according to 7.2.6.

7.3.2 The reduced resistance to heat transfer is determined in accordance with GOST 26602.1.

7.3.3 Air permeability is determined according to GOST 26602.2.

7.3.4 Sound insulation is determined in accordance with GOST 26602.3.

7.3.5 The overall coefficient of light transmission is determined in accordance with GOST 26602.4.

7.3.6 Resistance to static loads is determined in accordance with GOST 24033.

7.3.7 Indicators of durability (including resistance to climatic and atmospheric loads), reliability of window devices, as well as the efforts applied to window devices, are determined according to the methods approved in the prescribed manner.

8 Packing, transportation and storage

8.1 Packaging of products should ensure their safety during storage, handling and transportation.

8.2 Devices or parts of devices not installed on the products must be packed in plastic wrap in accordance with GOST 10354 or in another packaging material that ensures their safety, tightly tied and supplied complete with the products.

8.3 Opening doors of products must be closed with all locking devices before packaging and transportation.

8.4 Products are transported by all types of transport in accordance with the rules for the carriage of goods in force for this type of transport.

8.5 During storage and transportation of products, they must be protected from mechanical damage, exposure to atmospheric precipitation, significant temperature fluctuations and direct sunlight.

8.6 During storage and transportation of products, it is not allowed to put them on top of each other; it is recommended to install gaskets made of elastic materials between products.

8.7 Products are stored vertically at an angle of 10-15 ° to the vertical on wooden pads, pallets or in special containers in covered rooms without direct contact with heating devices.

8.8 In the case of separate transportation of insulating glass units, the requirements for their packaging and transportation are established in accordance with GOST 24866.

9 Manufacturer's warranty

9.1 The manufacturer guarantees the compliance of products with the requirements of this standard, provided that the consumer observes the rules of transportation, storage, installation, operation, as well as the scope established in the regulatory and design documentation.

9.2 The guaranteed shelf life of products is 1 year from the date of shipment of the product by the manufacturer.

9.3 The warranty period of the products is established in the supply agreement, but not less than 3 years from the date of shipment of the products by the manufacturer.

Appendix A (informative) Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this standard, the following terms are used with the corresponding definitions.

Profile system - a set (set) of PVC profiles and component parts, combined into a complete structural system, drawn up with design documentation.

Profiles - details of window blocks, manufactured by extrusion, with specified shapes and cross-sectional dimensions.

Profile width - largest size between the front outer and inner surfaces of the profile.

Profile height - the largest cross-sectional dimension of the profile in the direction perpendicular to the profile width.

The chamber is a closed internal cavity (system of cavities) of a PVC profile, located perpendicular to the direction of the heat flow. The chamber may consist of a series of sub-chambers separated by partitions. Cameras and sub-chambers can perform various predetermined functions, for example, for installing reinforcement inserts or as self-ventilation ducts.

The rebate is a part of the profile surface formed by the protrusion of one of its parts.

False clearance - the distance between the sash and the frame, set based on the conditions for the normal functioning of locking window devices.

Porch - the place where the sash joins the box bars (main vestibule), with impost (impost narthex) or with the sash (bezimpostless, shtulpovoy vestibule).

Overlap - a ledge in the narthex unit, formed by the protruding part of the box (sash) and overlapping the sash (box) by the size in the narthex under the overlap.

Reinforcing insert is a profiled steel element installed in the inner chamber of the main profile to absorb operational loads.

A combination of profiles is a connection point for mating profiles (for example, a frame profile is a sash profile with a glazing bead; an impost profile is a sash profile with a glazing bead; a sash profile with a glazing bead and a glazing bead is a sash profile with a glazing bead).

The main profiles are the profiles of frames, sashes, imposts, shtulpas, which perform a strength function as an integral part of window and balcony door structures.

Additional profiles - profiles that do not perform a strength function as an integral part of window and balcony door structures.

Glazing beads (glass layouts) - additional profiles intended for fastening a glass unit.

Glazing beads can be made with a co-extruded gasket.

Connecting profiles (connectors) - profiles designed to block window and balcony door frames with each other in structures consisting of two or more products. The connectors can connect the profiles of the boxes under different angles and are selected taking into account the strength requirements.

Expansion profiles (expanders) - profiles designed to increase the height of the window frame profile.

Glazing beads are profiles designed for dividing the sash glazing fields.

Decorative overlays - overhead decorative profiles glued to the glass unit from the inside and outside and forming a false binding.

Ebb - profiles designed to drain water from the window structure.

Cladding profiles - finishing profiles window slopes(corners, platbands, trims, etc.). Cladding profiles can form various systems.

Controlled ventilation is the organization of ventilation of rooms with different air exchange rates due to the design solutions of the products.

Self-ventilation is a system of limited air exchange through the channels of the profile chambers or through the climatic valves built into the window blocks in order to regulate the air humidity in the room and prevent condensation from forming on the inner surfaces of the windows.

Durability is a characteristic of products that determines their ability to maintain performance for a given period, confirmed by the results of laboratory tests and expressed in conditional years of operation (service life).

The definitions of the main parts, dimensions and functional areas of the profile combinations are given in Figures A.1 and A.2.

Figure A.1 - Basic details of the profile combination
1 - box; 2 - outer seal gasket; 3 - base lining; 4 - support lining; 5 - outer sealing gasket of a double-glazed window; 6 - internal sealing gasket of a double-glazed window; 7 - glass unit; 8 - glazing bead; 9 - reinforcing insert of the sash; 10 - sash; 11 - inner seal gasket; 12 - reinforcing insert of the box

Figure A.2 - Main dimensions and functional areas of parts of a combination of profiles
A - the height of the combination of profiles; A1 is the height of the sash profile; A2 - the height of the box profile; B - the width of the profile combination; B1 - the width of the sash profile; B2 - the width of the box profile; a1 - the size of the clearance (clearance in the vestibule); a2 - the size of the rebate under the weld; a3 - the height of the fold (quarter) of the glazing; a4 - the height of the pinching of the glass unit; b1 - the size of the gap under the weld; b2 - glass unit thickness

The documentation for the manufacture of window and balcony door blocks made of PVC profiles must contain the following data:
B.1 Window and door blocks
The description of the design should include:
methods and schemes for opening windows;
methodology for calculating basic and functional dimensions;
tables (diagrams) of the maximum permissible dimensions (proportions) of the sashes;
types and sizes of used reinforcing inserts, depending on the size of sashes, frames, imposts, crossbars;
drawings of the location of holes for water drainage, drainage of the folds of the glazing, compensation of wind pressure, indicating their number and size;
the number and location of locking devices;
additional requirements for windows made of colored profiles.
B.2 PVC profiles:
sections of profiles with an indication of their functions and division into main and additional profiles, article numbers of profiles;
basic and functional dimensions of profiles;
sections of combinations of profiles with basic dimensions;
information about the physical and mechanical characteristics and durability of PVC profiles.
B.3 Reinforcement liners:
material;
type and thickness of anti-corrosion coating;
sections with basic dimensions;
moments of inertia (E x J),
B.4 Sealing gaskets:
material, dimensions, sectional shapes, recommended requirements.
B.5 Glazing:
a table with possible combinations of insulating glass units, gaskets and glazing beads;
installation diagram of glazing linings.
B.6 Profile connections (corner, impost, etc.):
for welded joints - design strength for all main profiles;
for mechanical connections - a description of fittings, amplifiers, fasteners, gaskets and sealants.
B. 7 Window fittings and hinges:
opening options;
designation different types window appliances;
locations of devices and hinges;
restrictions on the weight and size of the valves;
characteristic of protective and decorative coating;
conditions for adjusting locking devices and hinges.
B.8 Technological documentation for the manufacture of windows:
Technological documentation for the manufacture of windows must include maps of the technological process, technological regulations, including quality control regulations, and other necessary documents.
B.9 Typical instructions for the installation of products
B. 10 Instructions for use of products
General requirements for the installation of products are given in Appendix D.

Figure B.1 - Functional hole system
1 - drain holes; 2 - holes for draining the cavity between the edges of the glass unit and the folds of the profiles; 3 - holes for wind pressure compensation; 4 - holes for ventilation of outer chambers of colored profiles

Figure B.2 - Location of functional holes

Figure B.3 - Intra-profile duct self-ventilation system
1 - the gap between the frame and the sash, through which the outside air enters the chamber in front of the middle seal. The outer seal is installed only in the top bar of the box; 2 - a special ventilation chamber in the upper bar of the box, through which air enters the cavity between the box and the sash behind the inner seal; 3 - a system of offset openings in the sash through which air enters the room; 4 - sound-absorbing pillows at the ends of the ventilation chamber in the upper bar of the box

D.1 Requirements for the installation of products are established in the design documentation for construction objects, taking into account the options adopted in the project for the execution of the nodes of the junction of products to the walls, designed for specified climatic and other loads.
D.2 Installation of products should be carried out by specialized construction firms. Ending installation works must be confirmed by the acceptance certificate, which includes the warranty obligations of the manufacturer of the work.
D.3 At the request of the consumer (customer), the manufacturer (supplier) of products must provide him with standard instructions for the installation of window and balcony door blocks made of PVC profiles, approved by the head of the manufacturer and containing:
drawings (diagrams) of typical junction assemblies;
list of materials used (taking into account their compatibility and temperature regimes applications);
the sequence of technological operations for the installation of window blocks.

Figure D.1 - An example of a window block mounting assembly
1 - window box; 2 - foam insulation; 3 - a sealing gasket; 4 - mounting dowel; 5 - window board

D.4 When designing and executing junction nodes, the following conditions must be met:
The sealing of the mounting gaps between the products and the slopes of the openings of the wall structures must be tight, hermetically sealed around the entire perimeter of the window, designed to withstand climatic loads outside and operating conditions inside the premises.
A variant of the window block mounting assembly is shown in Figure D.1;
the design of the junction points (including the location of the window block along the depth of the opening) should prevent the formation of cold bridges (thermal bridges), leading to the formation of condensation on the inner surfaces of window openings;
the operational characteristics of the structures of the junction points (resistance to heat transfer, sound insulation, air and water permeability) must meet the requirements established in building codes;
the vapor barrier of the seams from the side of the premises should be more dense than from the outside;
the design of the junction points must ensure reliable drainage of rainwater and condensate to the outside. The penetration of moisture into the wall structures and premises is not allowed;
when choosing the filling of the mounting gaps, one should take into account the operational temperature changes in the overall dimensions of the products.

In order to increase the reliability of the thermal insulation of the assembly unit, it is recommended to use window blocks with a frame width of at least 80 mm.

(Modified edition, Revised 2001)

D.5 The following should be used as fasteners for the installation of products:
flexible anchors complete with screws and dowels;
construction dowels;
mounting screws;
special mounting systems (for example, with adjustable mounting feet).

Variants of assemblies of mounting fasteners are shown in Figure D.2 and are selected depending on the structure of the wall.

Figure D.2 - Variants of assemblies of mounting fasteners
a - attachment point with a mounting dowel; b- attachment point with a construction screw; c - attachment point with an anchor plate

It is not allowed to use sealants, adhesives, foam insulation, as well as construction nails for fastening products.

D.6 Window blocks should be installed at a level. The deviation from the vertical and horizontal lines of the sides of the boxes of the mounted products should not exceed 1.5 mm per 1 m of length, but not more than 3 mm at the height of the product.

D.7 The distance between fasteners when installing white products with profiles reinforced with steel inserts should not exceed 700 mm, in other cases - no more than 600 mm (Figure D.3).

Figure D.3 - Location of fasteners
wall attachment points

(Modified edition, Revised 2001)

D.8 To fill the mounting gaps (seams), apply silicone sealants, pre-compressed sealing tapes PSUL (compression tapes), insulating polyurethane foam cords, foam insulation, mineral wool and other materials that have a hygienic conclusion and provide the required performance of the seams. Foam heaters should not have bitumen-containing additives and increase their volume after the completion of installation work.

D.9 To transfer loads in the plane of the window (weight) of the product on building structure use bearing pads made of polymeric materials with a hardness of at least 80 units. Shore A or hardwood. To fix the position of the window block in the wall, spacer blocks are used.

With multi-layer wall structures, when the window unit is installed in the insulation zone, the loads must be transferred to the load-bearing part of the wall.

Wooden wedges used for temporary fixation of products during the installation process must be removed before sealing the assembly joints.

D.10 In the case of assembly blocking of window blocks with each other or with balcony door blocks, the connection of products should be made through special connecting profiles, which may have reinforcing inserts to increase the strength characteristics of the products. The connection must be tight, excluding blowing and moisture penetration, compensating for the thermal expansion of the products.

Versions of blocking unit for window and balcony door blocks are shown in Figure D.4.

D.11 Removal of the protective film from the front surfaces of the profiles should be carried out after the installation of products and the finishing of the mounting opening, taking into account that the duration of exposure to sunlight on the protective film should not exceed ten days.

Figure D.4 - An example of a blocking unit for a window and balcony door block
1 - window block; 2 - door balcony block; 3 - tie screw; 4 - silicone sealant; 5 - cover strip

Appendix D (reference) Information about the developers of the standard

This standard was developed by a working group of specialists consisting of:
N.V. Shvedov, Gosstroy of Russia, head;
V.A. Tarasov, KVE-Window Technologies CJSC;
H. Scheitler, KBE GmbH;
Yu.P. Aleksandrov, JSC TsNIIPromzdaniy;
T.V. Vlasov, CS of window and door technology;
V.A. Lobanov, NIISF RAASN;
V.G. Milkov, S.I. Tikhomirov, NIUPTs "Interregional Window Institute";
B.C. Savich, State Enterprise CNS.

Key words: window blocks, door balcony blocks, PVC profile, profile system, rebate, overlap, reinforcing insert, sealing gaskets, self-ventilation

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10

INTERSTATE STANDARD

WINDOW UNITS FROM POLYVINYL CHLORIDE PROFILES

TECHNICAL CONDITIONS

WINDOWS
OF POLYVINYLCHLORIDE PROFILES
Specifications

GOST 30674-99

Foreword

1. Developed by the Department of Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification of the Gosstroy of Russia with the participation of CJSC KBE Window Technologies, NIUPTs "Interregional Window Institute" and the State Enterprise Center for Methodology of Regulation and Standardization in Construction of the Gosstroy of Russia.
Introduced by the Gosstroy of Russia.
2. Adopted by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification in Construction (ISTC) on December 2, 1999.
Voted for adoption

3. Introduced for the first time.

4. Entered into force on January 1, 2001 as a state standard of the Russian Federation by the Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated 06.05.2000 N 37.

Application area

This standard applies to window and balcony door blocks made of polyvinyl chloride profiles in accordance with GOST 30673 of a single structure with double-glazed windows (hereinafter - window blocks or products) for buildings and structures for various purposes.

It is allowed to extend the requirements of the standard to products glazed with sheet glass and intended for use in unheated rooms.

The standard does not apply to dormer window units, products with sliding sash opening, as well as special-purpose window units in terms of additional requirements for fire safety, burglary protection, etc.

The scope of application of specific brands of products is established depending on the operating conditions, in accordance with the current building codes and regulations, taking into account the requirements of GOST 23166 and this standard.

The requirements of this standard are mandatory (except those specified in the text as recommended or reference).

The standard can be applied for product certification.

Normative references

GOST 9.303-84 ESZKS. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. General requirements for selection

GOST 111-90 Sheet glass. Technical conditions
GOST 166-89 Calipers. Technical conditions

GOST 427-75 Measuring metal rulers. Technical conditions

GOST 538-88 Locks and hardware. General specifications

GOST 7502-98 Metal measuring tapes. Technical conditions

GOST 8026-92 Calibration rulers. Technical conditions

GOST 9416-83 Construction levels. Technical conditions

GOST 10354-82 Polyethylene film. Technical conditions

GOST 23166-99 Window blocks. General specifications

GOST 24033-80 Wooden windows and balcony doors. Mechanical test methods

GOST 24866-99 Glued glass units for construction purposes. Technical conditions

GOST 26433.0-85 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Measurement rules. General Provisions

GOST 26433.1-89 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Measurement rules. Prefabricated elements

GOST 26602.1-99 Window and door blocks. Methods for determining resistance to heat transfer

GOST 26602.2-99 Window and door blocks. Methods for determining air and water permeability

GOST 26602.3-99 Window and door blocks. Method for determining sound insulation

GOST 26602.4-99 Window and door blocks. Method for determining the total light transmittance

Terms and Definitions

The terms and definitions used in this standard are given in GOST 23166. Terms reflecting the specifics of the design of window blocks made of polyvinyl chloride profiles (hereinafter referred to as PVC profiles), as well as definitions of their main functional areas, parts and dimensions are given in Appendix A.

Classification and designation

4.1. Products are classified in accordance with GOST 23166, as well as by design options and the type of finishing of the front surfaces of PVC profiles.

According to the design options of PVC profiles, window blocks are subdivided into products with one-, two-, three-, four- and more chamber profiles.

By the type of finishing of the front surfaces, the products are divided into:
white, colored throughout the mass;
finished with decorative foil (laminated);
with co-extruded topcoat.

4.2. The designation of products is taken in accordance with GOST 23166 with an indication of the designation of this standard.

4.3. For products manufactured by individual orders, it is allowed to accept the following symbol structure:

An example of a conventional designation - OP B2 1840 - 1220 (4 - 16Ar - K4) GOST 30674-99 - window block made of PVC profiles - OP, product class in terms of reduced heat transfer resistance - B2, height 1840 mm, width 1220 mm, with a structure double-glazed unit: outer glass 4 mm thick, grade according to GOST 111, inter-glass distance 16 mm filled with argon, inner glass 4 mm thick with a hard heat-reflecting coating, in accordance with this standard.

In the case of using frost-resistant products, the letter "M" is added to the designation of the type of product.

When placing an order for the manufacture (supply) of individual products, it is recommended to indicate a variant of a constructive solution, including a description of the design of profiles and glass units, a drawing indicating the opening scheme, type of window devices, requirements for appearance and other requirements as agreed between the manufacturer and the customer.

Technical requirements

General Provisions

5.1.1. Products must comply with the requirements of this standard, GOST 23166 and be manufactured according to design and technological documentation approved in the prescribed manner.

5.1.2. The products consist of frame elements welded from PVC profiles, reinforced with steel inserts.
Imposts are fixed in frame elements using mechanical connections or welding.

The design of products (except for those intended for unheated rooms) must include at least two rows of sealing gaskets in the porches.

Examples of design solutions for the main joints (porches) of sashes and boxes of various window systems are shown in Figures 1 - 3.

Figure 1. Units of the main porches with inner and outer seals

Figure 2. Units of the main porches with different types of seals

Figure 3. Nodes of the impost and shtulp narthex

5.1.3. The design of products for residential premises should provide for ventilation of premises using vents, transoms, doors with tilt-and-turn (tilt) adjustable opening or ventilation valves.

To improve the humidity regime of the premises, it is recommended to use self-ventilation systems in products using intra-profile channels, as well as window blocks with built-in adjustable and self-adjusting climatic valves. The in-profile duct self-ventilation system is given in Appendix B.

To improve the soundproofing characteristics of the product in the ventilation mode, soundproof valves can be installed in the window blocks.

5.1.4. The requirements of this standard apply to window units with an area not exceeding 6 m2, with a maximum area of ​​each opening element of 2.5 m2 for white products and 2.2 m2 for other colors.

The estimated weight of the flaps (canvases) of white products should not exceed 80 kg, the mass of opening elements of products of other colors - 60 kg.

The manufacture of window blocks (sashes) with an area and mass exceeding the indicated values ​​must be confirmed by the results of laboratory tests or additional strength calculations in accordance with the current building codes, taking into account the requirements of GOST 23166.

The permissible ratio of the height and width of the opening elements of specific brands of products, taking into account the opening scheme, the types of profiles and window devices used, the moment of inertia of the reinforcing inserts and the weight of the leaf elements, are set in the technical documentation.

5.1.5. Products must be safe to operate and maintain. The safety conditions for the use of products of various designs are established in the design documentation (for example, window blocks with suspended opening of the sash are not recommended for use in child care facilities). Products must be designed for service loads, including wind loads, in accordance with applicable building codes.

5.1.6. Products (or materials for their manufacture and component parts) must have sanitary safety documents provided for by the current legislation and drawn up in the prescribed manner.

Dimensions and requirements for limit deviations

5.2.1. Overall dimensions and architectural drawings of window blocks - in accordance with GOST 23166.
The nominal dimensions of sections of profiles, reinforcing inserts, combinations of profiles are set in the technical documentation for their manufacture.

5.2.2. Limit deviations of the nominal overall dimensions of products should not exceed

5.2.3. Maximum deviations from the nominal dimensions of the elements of products, the gaps in the porches and under the overlap, the dimensions of the arrangement of window devices and hinges should not exceed the values ​​specified in table 1.

Table 1

The difference in the lengths of the diagonals of rectangular frame elements should not exceed 2.0 mm with the maximum length of the sash side up to 1400 mm and 3.0 mm - more than 1400 mm.

5.2.4. The difference in front surfaces (sag) in welded corner and T-shaped joints of adjacent profiles of boxes and sashes, the installation of which is provided in the same plane, should not exceed 0.7 mm, with mechanical connection of imposts with box profiles, as well as among themselves - no more 1.0 mm.

5.2.5. In the event that the processing of a weld seam involves a groove, the size of the groove on the front surfaces should not exceed 5 mm in width, the depth of the groove should be within 0.5 - 1.0 mm, and the shear value of the outer corner of the weld should not exceed 3 mm along the weld.

5.2.6. The sag of the opening elements (sashes, canvases, vents) in the assembled product should not exceed 1.5 mm per 1 m of width.

5.2.7. The deviation of the nominal size of the distance between the overlays of adjacent closed sashes should not exceed 1.0 mm per 1 m of the length of the rebate.

5.2.8. Deviations from the straightness of the edges of the parts of the frame elements should not exceed 1 mm per 1 m of length in any area.

Specifications

The main operational characteristics of products with three-chamber profiles of boxes and sashes are shown in Table 2.

table 2

Indicators of the reduced resistance to heat transfer for products from profiles with a different number of chambers and a different design of a glass unit are taken based on the results of laboratory tests.

5.3.2. Resistance to static loads and forces applied to the doors to open and close them is in accordance with GOST 23166.

5.3.3. Welded fillet joints with treated welded seams of flaps up to 1000 mm wide must withstand the action of the test load applied according to scheme A of Figure 9, not less than:
750 N - with a sash height up to 1300 mm;
800 N - with a sash height over 1300 to 1500 mm;
900 N - with a sash height over 1500 to 1800 mm;
1000 N - with a sash glazing area of ​​2.1 - 2.3 m2 and for door trims.

The value of loads when testing the strength of corner joints of sash widths over 1000 to 1200 mm is increased by 10%.

The value of loads when testing the strength of corner joints of boxes according to scheme A of Figure 9 is not less than 800 N, according to scheme B - 1600 N.

When tested according to scheme B in Figure 9, corner joints must withstand the action of a load that is doubled.

5.3.4. The strength values ​​of corner joints of frame elements in the case of using profiles of classes B and C in accordance with GOST 30673 are established in the regulatory and design documentation for these types of products.

5.3.5. The appearance of the products: color, gloss, permissible surface defects of PVC profiles (risks, scratches, shrinkage cavities, etc.) must correspond to the reference samples approved by the head of the manufacturer of the products.

Welded seams should not have arson, poorly welded areas, cracks. It is not allowed to change the color of PVC profiles in the places of welded seams after they have been stripped.

5.3.6. The front surfaces of sash profiles and product boxes (except for curved ones) must be protected with self-adhesive foil.

Requirements for accessories and their installation

5.4.1. Materials and components used for the manufacture of window units must comply with the requirements of standards, specifications, technical certificates approved in the prescribed manner.

5.4.2. The main component parts of the products: PVC profiles, double-glazed windows, gaskets, window devices must be tested for durability (reliability) in test centers accredited for the right to conduct such tests.

Requirements for PVC profiles

5.5.1. Polyvinyl chloride profiles must be made of rigid unplasticized polyvinyl chloride modified for high impact strength and resistance to climatic influences, and meet the requirements of GOST 30673, as well as technical specifications for specific systems of profiles, approved in accordance with the established procedure.

5.5.2. Products are recommended to be made of white PVC profiles, dyed in bulk.
By agreement between the consumer and the manufacturer, it is allowed to manufacture products from PVC profiles of other colors and types of front surface finishes. The use of color profiles painted in mass without a protective decorative coating on surfaces exposed to ultraviolet rays is not allowed.

5.5.3. Curved profiles should not have deviations from the shape (warpage, waviness) exceeding the width and height of the profile (+/- 1.5) mm. The recommended minimum bending radius for white PVC profiles should be taken equal to five times the profile width, for other profiles - 5.5 of the profile width.

Requirements for glazing, door panels and gaskets

5.6.1. For glazing products, one or two-chamber double-glazed windows are used in accordance with GOST 24866, glass in accordance with GOST 111, as well as according to regulatory documents for specific types of translucent filling of window blocks.

5.6.2. To increase the architectural expressiveness, it is allowed to install decorative layouts (slabs) on the outer surfaces of double-glazed windows on weather-resistant adhesives or use double-glazed windows with an inner frame (Figure 4).

Figure 4. Options for installing decorative layouts

5.6.3 Double-glazed windows (glass) are installed in the fold of the sash or box on lining, excluding the contact of the edges of the glass unit (glass) with the inner surfaces of the folds of PVC profiles.

Depending on the functional purpose, the pads are subdivided into basic, support and distance ones.

To ensure optimal conditions for transferring the weight of the glass unit to the structure of the product, support pads are used, and to ensure the nominal dimensions of the gap between the edge of the glass unit and the fold of the sash, spacer pads are used.

Basic pads are used to level the seam bevels and are installed under the support and distance pads. The width of the base shims must be equal to the rebate width, and the length must be at least the length of the support and distance shims.

Support and spacers can combine the functions of basic ones.
The length of the supporting and spacer pads should be from 80 to 100 mm, the width of the pads should be at least 2 mm more than the thickness of the glass unit.

5.6.4. The pads are made of tough, weather-resistant polymeric materials. The recommended value of the hardness of the support pads is 75 - 90 units. by Shore A.

5.6.5. The methods of installation and (or) the design of the pads should exclude the possibility of their displacement during the transportation and operation of the products.

5.6.6. The design of the spacers should not impede air circulation over the inner surface of the glazing rebate.

5.6.7. If the installation location of the backing plate coincides with the head of the fastening screw, the backing plate must not be skewed.

5.6.9. The distance from the linings to the corners of the double-glazed windows should be, as a rule, 50 - 80 mm. If the width of the glass unit is more than 1.5 m, it is recommended to increase this distance to 150 mm.

5.6.10. The basic layouts of the supporting and spacer pads during the installation of double-glazed windows, depending on the type of opening of the window blocks, are shown in Figure 5. In balcony door blocks and in products with reinforced locking devices, it is recommended to install additional pads at the locking points.

Figure 5. Layouts of support and spacer pads when installing double-glazed windows, depending on the type of opening of window blocks

5.6.11. It is recommended that opaque fillings of the canvases of balcony door blocks (panels) be made of three-layer panels consisting of plastic or aluminum cladding sheets filled with insulation. In the panels of products intended for use in unheated rooms, it is allowed to use sheet or facing materials without insulation.

5.6.12. The panels are installed in the door leaves in accordance with the requirements for the installation of double-glazed windows.

5.6.13. Constructive solutions for the attachment points of double-glazed windows, as well as panels for filling the opaque part of the door leaf should exclude the possibility of their dismantling from the outside.

5.6.14. The installation of double-glazed windows (glass), as well as the sealing of the vestibules of the sash is carried out using elastic polymer sealing gaskets. It is allowed to use glazing beads with a co-extruded seal for fastening double-glazed windows from the inside.

5.6.15. Sealing gaskets must be resistant to climatic and weather influences.

5.6.16. The contact of the gaskets must be tight, preventing the penetration of water.

5.6.17. Sealing gaskets must be installed continuously around the entire perimeter of the porch of the sash and glass unit. For annular installation, the joint of the gaskets should be at the top of the product. When installing gaskets with joints in the corners at 45 °, the joints of the gaskets should be welded or glued (except for gaskets installed in glazing beads). Corner bends and welded joints of sealing gaskets for glass units should not have protrusions (protrusions) that cause concentrated loads on the glass units.

It is allowed to disrupt the continuity of the installation of gaskets in the sash vestibule in structures that provide for self-ventilation of products, as well as in other cases provided for by design solutions and established in the design documentation. In this case, the conditions for disrupting the continuity of the gaskets are established in the design documentation.

Requirements for reinforcement liners

5.7.1. The main PVC profiles of the products are reinforced with steel liners with anti-corrosion coating.

5.7.2. The shape, wall thickness and moments of inertia of reinforcing liners, as well as the maximum allowable dimensions of the flaps when using specific types of liners, are set in the technical documentation for the manufacture of products.

5.7.3. Reinforcing liners should fit into the inner chambers of PVC profiles tightly, by hand, without the help of special devices.

5.7.4. When using white profiles, reinforcing inserts may not be installed (except for imposts) in parts of products whose length is less than 700 mm.

When using colored profiles, as well as in the details of frost-resistant window blocks and in special cases when it is required according to the documentation of the manufacturers of PVC profiles, the installation of reinforcing inserts is mandatory in all details of the products.

5.7.5. The wall thickness of the reinforcing liners must be at least 1.2 mm; to reinforce colored and frost-resistant profiles, it is recommended to use reinforcing liners with a wall thickness of at least 1.5 mm.

5.7.6. The distance from the insert to the corner (end) of the reinforced part of the profiles should be within 10 - 30 mm. In the structures of products with a mass of double-glazed windows over 60 kg, as well as in reinforced products, it is recommended to use inserts beveled at an angle of 45 °. Installation examples of reinforcing inserts are shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6. Examples of installation of reinforcing liners

The length of the reinforcing inserts of the imposts when they are mechanically attached to the inserts of the box is determined by the design of the connection.

5.7.7. Docking or rupture of reinforcing inserts along the length within the same PVC profile is not allowed.

5.7.8. Each reinforcing insert is attached to the non-front side of the PVC profile with at least two self-tapping screws (screws) in accordance with regulatory documents (hereinafter - ND). The distance from the inner corner (weld) to the nearest self-tapping screw installation location should not exceed 80 mm.

The fixing step should be no more than: 400 mm - for white profiles, 300 mm - for other types of profiles, as well as for frost-resistant profiles.

5.7.9. Steel reinforcing liners must be protected with a zinc coating with a thickness of at least 9 microns in accordance with GOST 9.303. Skips and damage to the coating are not allowed.

Requirements for window fittings

5.8.1. In the manufacture of products, window devices and fasteners are used, specially designed for use in window systems made of PVC profiles.

5.8.2. The type, number, location and method of fastening of locking devices and hinges are set in the working documentation, based on the size and weight of the opening elements of the product, as well as the operating conditions of the window blocks. In this case, the distance between the hinges and the locking points, as a rule, should not exceed 800 mm.

5.8.3. It is recommended to fasten the hinges with self-tapping screws through at least two walls of a PVC profile with a total thickness of at least 4.5 mm or through one wall of the profile and a reinforcing insert. If it is necessary to drill holes for screws, their diameter should be equal to the diameter of the central shaft of the screw.

With a mass of opening elements of more than 60 kg, as well as in balcony door blocks and reinforced products, it is recommended to fasten the hinges in reinforcing inserts.

5.8.4. It is recommended to use adjustable hinges in the products, devices for swing-out opening, providing slot ventilation, as well as ventilation with an adjustable opening angle, using fuses against accidental opening (including when the devices are in ventilation mode).

To ensure a fixed gap between the lower profiles of the sashes and frames, it is recommended to use guides (ramps) pads, rollers or special fittings.

5.8.5. Locking devices must ensure reliable locking of the opening elements of the products. Opening and closing should be easy, smooth, without jamming. Instrument handles and bolts must not spontaneously move from the "open" or "closed" position.

5.8.6. The design of the locking devices and hinges should ensure a tight and uniform crimping of the gaskets along the entire contour of the seal in the porches.

5.8.7. Window devices and fasteners must meet the requirements of GOST 538 and have a protective and decorative (or protective) coating in accordance with GOST 9.303.
Window devices must withstand the action of loads and forces applied to them in accordance with GOST 23166.

Construction requirements

5.9.1. Corner joints of PVC profiles of frame elements must be welded. The calculated strength of welded joints is given in the design documentation.

To strengthen the welded joints in the corners of the balcony block canvases with a width of more than 800 mm, it is recommended to use welded polyvinyl chloride liners connected by screws with reinforcing liners. An example of installing earbuds is shown in Figure 7.

Figure 7. Insert for reinforcing corner joints

5.9.2. Mullion parts are attached to adjacent PVC profiles of the frame (sash) using steel or plastic fasteners, screws or screws. Examples of mullion fastening are shown in Figure 8.

Figure 8. Examples of fastening mullions

It is allowed to use welded T-shaped and cruciform connections of imposts. In this case, the strength of the joints must not be lower than the strength established for the corner joints.

5.9.3. Corner and T-shaped joints of profiles must be tight. It is allowed to seal the mechanical joints of PVC profiles with weather-resistant elastic gaskets. Gaps up to 0.5 mm are allowed to be sealed with special sealants that do not deteriorate the appearance of products and provide protection of the joints from moisture penetration.

5.9.4. The design of the products should include a system of holes: to drain the cavity between the edges of the glass unit and the folds of the profiles; water drainage; wind pressure compensation; reducing the heating of colored profiles.

5.9.5. Each glazing field must have holes for draining the cavity between the edges of the glass unit and the profile folds. The holes should be located in the deepest parts of the folds and not have burrs that impede the drainage of water. For systems with a middle seal, the holes must be in front of the middle seal on the outside.

In the lower profile of the sash, at least two holes with a maximum distance between them of 600 mm should be provided, in the upper profile with a length of up to 1 m - two holes, more than 1 m - three. Recommended hole sizes are at least 8 mm in diameter or at least 5 x 10 mm in size.

The location of the holes should not coincide with the installation locations of the insulating glass pads. In the profile walls, the holes must be displaced relative to each other by at least 50 mm.

5.9.6. The bottom profiles of the boxes and horizontal imposts must have at least two drain holes with a size of at least (5 x 20) mm, the distance between which must be no more than 600 mm.

The overflow holes must be displaced in the profile walls by at least 50 mm. The holes must be free of burrs that would obstruct the drainage of water.

For systems with a center seal, the slots must be in front of the center seal on the outside.

On the front surface of the box, the openings must be protected by decorative visors.

5.9.7. For systems with external and internal seals and for systems with three sealing circuits, when installing products at a height of more than 20 m, it is recommended to make holes in the upper horizontal profiles of the boxes to compensate for the wind pressure in the cavity between the frame and the sash.

Wind pressure compensation holes must have a diameter of at least 6 mm or a size of at least (5 x 10) mm in the upper profile of the box. With a box profile length of up to 1 m, two holes are drilled, more than 1 m - three.

To compensate for the wind pressure, it is possible to remove the outer seal in the 30 mm long sections in the upper frame of the frame.

5.9.8. Functional openings must not pass through the walls of the main chambers of the profiles.

5.9.9. In the case of using colored profiles, it is recommended (for ventilation of the outer chambers to avoid overheating when exposed to sunlight) to make through holes through the walls of the outer chambers of the sash profiles and boxes with a diameter of 5 - 6 mm.

5.9.10. The number and location of all types of holes is set in the working documentation. In this case, one should take into account the influence of the drain holes on the adjacent functions of the products (sound, thermal insulation, etc.)

5.9.11. The depth of pinching of a glass unit (glass) in the folds of the profiles, as well as the depth of pinching with glazing beads, should not be less than 14 mm.

Completeness

5.10.1. The complete set of products upon delivery to the consumer must comply with the requirements specified in the order.

5.10.2. Finished products must have installed devices, double-glazed windows, gaskets and a protective film on the front surfaces. A set of products may include additional, connecting and other profiles for various purposes in accordance with GOST 30673.

Completing profiles, parts of locking devices protruding beyond the plane of the product, as well as decorative visors may be supplied unassembled with the products.

By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, separate transportation of double-glazed windows is allowed, while the consumer should be provided with a diagram of the installation of linings for double-glazed windows.

5.10.3. The delivery set must include a quality document (passport) and instructions for using the products.

5.10.4. At the request of the consumer, the manufacturer provides him with standard instructions for the installation of window blocks, and also completes the products with materials for the care of products in accordance with the requirements of the operating instructions.

Marking

5.11.1. Product marking - in accordance with GOST 23166.

5.11.2. The main profiles, window fittings and glass units included in the product must be marked in accordance with the ND for these products.

Acceptance rules

6.1. Products must be accepted by the technical control of the manufacturer for compliance with the requirements of this standard, as well as the conditions specified in the contract for the manufacture and supply of products.

The confirmation of the acceptance of products by the technical control of the manufacturer is their marking, as well as the execution of documents on the acceptance and quality of products.

Products are accepted in batches. When accepting products at the manufacturing enterprise, the number of products manufactured within one shift and issued with one quality document is taken as a batch.

6.2. The product quality requirements established in this standard confirm:
incoming inspection of materials and components;
operational production control;
acceptance control of finished products;
control acceptance tests of a batch of products carried out by the quality service of the manufacturer;
periodic testing of products in independent testing centers;
qualification and certification tests.

6.3. The procedure for conducting incoming control and operational production control at workplaces is established in the technological documentation.

If the manufacturer completes the window units with component parts of their own manufacture, they must be accepted and tested in accordance with the requirements of the regulatory documentation for these products.

6.4. Acceptance control of the quality of finished products is carried out individually, by the method of continuous control. At the same time, they check:
appearance of products;
deviations in the dimensions of the gaps under the weld;
sagging of opening elements;
deviation of the size of the distance between the overlapping flaps;
the presence and location of holes;
the work of window fittings and hinges;
the presence of a protective film on the front surfaces.

The finished products that have passed the acceptance control are marked. Products that have not passed acceptance control for at least one indicator are rejected.

6.5. Products must undergo control acceptance tests carried out by the manufacturer's quality service at least once a shift. At the same time, they control:
deviations in nominal dimensions and straightness of edges;
strength of corner joints;
requirements for the installation of linings for double-glazed windows;
installation requirements for gaskets;
requirements for the installation of reinforcing liners;
location and operation of window fixtures;
requirements for the quality of welded seams;
requirements for the appearance and the presence of a protective film;
requirements for the size, number and location of functional holes;
requirements for labeling and packaging.

The tests are carried out on three samples.
In the case of a negative test result for at least one indicator, a repeated check of the quality of products is carried out on a doubled number of samples for an indicator that had a negative test result. Upon repeated detection of non-compliance of the indicator with the established requirements, the controlled and subsequent batches of products are subjected to continuous control (grading). In case of a positive result of continuous control, they return to the established procedure for acceptance tests.

In the case of a negative test result in terms of the strength of corner joints, repeated tests are carried out on a doubled number of samples. If the result of repeated tests is unsatisfactory, the batch is rejected, and the production of products is stopped until the cause of the marriage is eliminated.

6.6. Periodic tests according to the performance indicators specified in 5.3.1 - 5.3.3 are carried out when changes are made to the design of products or their manufacturing technology, but at least once every five years, as well as when certifying products (in terms of the indicators provided for by certification methods ).

Product qualification tests are carried out when the product is put into production. In justified cases, it is allowed to combine qualification and certification tests.

The tests are carried out in independent test centers,
accredited for the right to conduct them.

6.7. The consumer has the right to carry out a control check of the quality of products, while observing the sampling procedure and test methods specified in this standard.

When accepting products by the consumer, a batch is considered the number of products shipped for a specific order, but not more than 500 pieces, drawn up in one quality document.

Table 3

By agreement of the parties, acceptance of products by the consumer can be carried out at the manufacturer's warehouse, at the consumer's warehouse or in another place specified in the supply contract.

6.9. Each batch of products must be accompanied by a quality document (passport) in accordance with GOST 23166.

6.10. Acceptance of products by the consumer does not release the manufacturer from liability in the event of hidden defects that have led to a violation of the performance characteristics of the products during the warranty period.

Control methods

7.1. The methods of input and production operational quality control are established in the technological documentation.

7.2. Control methods for acceptance control and acceptance tests

7.2.1. The geometric dimensions of the products, as well as the straightness of the edges, are determined using the methods established in GOST 26433.0 and GOST 26433.1.

Limit deviations from the nominal dimensions of the elements of products, the difference in the lengths of the diagonals and other dimensions are determined using a metal measuring tape in accordance with GOST 7502, a caliper in accordance with GOST 166, probes in accordance with ND.

Limit deviations from the straightness of the edges are determined by applying a straightedge in accordance with GOST 8026 or a building level with a flatness tolerance of at least ninth degree of accuracy in accordance with GOST 9416 to the test part and measuring the largest gap using probes in accordance with ND.

Measurements of linear dimensions should be carried out at an air temperature of the products (20 +/- 4) ° С. If it is necessary to carry out measurements at other temperatures, the temperature change in the linear dimensions of the profiles should be taken into account: 0.8 mm / m for every 10 ° C deviation from the specified temperature.

7.2.2. Limit deviations of the nominal dimensions of the gaps under the overlay are checked using a set of probes. The gaps in the vestibule are determined with a caliper by measuring the adjacent dimensions of the sections.

7.2.3. The sag in the conjugation of adjacent parts is determined with a probe as the distance from the edge of the metal ruler in accordance with GOST 427, applied to the upper mating surface, to the lower surface.

7.2.4. The appearance and color of products (including in the places of welded seams) are assessed by comparison with standard samples approved in the prescribed manner.

Differences in color, gloss and surface defects, visible to the naked eye from a distance of (0.6 - 0.8) m in natural light of at least 300 lux, are not allowed.

7.2.5. The tightness and correct installation of the sealing gaskets, the presence and location of linings, functional holes, window devices, fasteners and other parts, the color and absence of cracks in welded joints, the presence of a protective film, marking and packaging are checked visually. To determine the tightness of the sealing gaskets, the dimensions of the gaps in the porches and the degree of compression of the gaskets are compared, which should be at least 1/5 of the height of the uncompressed gasket. Measurements are made with a caliper.

The tightness of sealing gaskets in closed sash porches may be determined by the presence of a continuous trace left by a coloring agent (for example, colored chalk), previously applied to the surface of the gaskets and easily removed after testing.

7.2.6. Determination of strength (bearing capacity) of fillet welded joints

To test the strength of fillet welded joints, the load application schemes shown in Figure 9 are used.

Figure 9. Schemes for applying loads when determining the strength of fillet welded joints

The test procedure is in accordance with GOST 30673 with the following additions.

Welded seams are cleaned in accordance with the accepted technology for the manufacture of window blocks.

The samples are tested with reinforcement pads inserted therein.

The magnitude of the loads is taken according to 5.3.3, the control method is non-destructive, the exposure under load is at least 3 minutes.

The test result is considered satisfactory if each specimen has withstood the load without destruction and cracking.

7.2.7. The operation of window devices is checked by opening and closing the leaf elements of the product five times. In case of detection of deviations in the operation of window devices, they are adjusted and re-checked.

7.3. Control methods for periodic tests

7.3.1. The strength (bearing capacity) of fillet welded joints is determined in accordance with 7.2.6.
When conducting tests, it is allowed to use other load schemes and test equipment. In this case, the test methods, including the processing of the results, must be correlated with the test method according to 7.2.6.

7.3.2. The reduced resistance to heat transfer is determined in accordance with GOST 26602.1.

7.3.3. Air permeability is determined according to GOST 26602.2.

7.3.4. Sound insulation is determined in accordance with GOST 26602.3.

7.3.5. The overall coefficient of light transmission is determined in accordance with GOST 26602.4.

7.3.6. Resistance to static loads is determined in accordance with GOST 24033.

7.3.7. The indicators of durability (including resistance to climatic and atmospheric loads), reliability of window devices, as well as the efforts applied to window devices, are determined according to the methods approved in the prescribed manner.

Packaging, transportation and storage

8.1. Packaging of products should ensure their safety during storage, handling and transportation.
It is recommended to pack products in plastic wrap in accordance with GOST 10354.
8.2. Devices or parts of devices not installed on products must be packed in plastic wrap in accordance with GOST 10354 or in other packaging material that ensures their safety, tightly tied and supplied complete with products.
8.3. Before packaging and transportation, the opening doors of the products must be closed with all locking devices.
8.4. Products are transported by all types of transport in accordance with the rules for the carriage of goods in force for this type of transport.
8.5. During storage and transportation of products, they must be protected from mechanical damage, exposure to atmospheric precipitation, significant temperature fluctuations and direct sunlight.
8.6. When storing and transporting products, it is not allowed to put them on top of each other; it is recommended to install gaskets made of elastic materials between products.
8.7. Products are stored vertically at an angle of 10-15 ° to the vertical on wooden pads, pallets or in special containers in covered rooms without direct contact with heating devices.
8.8. In the case of separate transportation of double-glazed windows, the requirements for their packaging and transportation are established in accordance with GOST 24866.

manufacturer's warranty

9.1. The manufacturer guarantees the compliance of products with the requirements of this standard, provided that the consumer observes the rules of transportation, storage, installation, operation, as well as the scope established in the regulatory and design documentation.

9.2. The guaranteed shelf life of products is 1 year from the date of shipment of the product by the manufacturer.

9.3. The guaranteed service life of the products is established in the supply agreement, but not less than 3 years from the date of shipment of the products by the manufacturer.

Appendix A (informative)

TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

For the purposes of this standard, the following terms are used with the corresponding definitions.

Profile system - a set (set) of PVC profiles and component parts, combined into a complete structural system, drawn up by design documentation.

Profiles - details of window blocks, manufactured by extrusion, with specified shapes and cross-sectional dimensions.

Profile width - the largest dimension between the front outer and inner surfaces of the profile.

Profile height - the largest cross-sectional dimension of the profile in the direction perpendicular to the profile width.

The chamber is a closed internal cavity (system of cavities) of a PVC profile, located perpendicular to the direction of the heat flow. The chamber may consist of a series of sub-chambers separated by partitions. Cameras and sub-chambers can perform various predetermined functions, for example, for installing reinforcement inserts or as self-ventilation ducts.

The rebate is a part of the profile surface formed by the protrusion of one of its parts.

False clearance - the distance between the sash to the frame, set on the basis of the conditions for the normal functioning of locking window devices.

A vestibule is a place where the sash joins the frame bars (main vestibule), with impost (impost narthex) or with a sash (bezympostless, stulpable vestibule).
Overlap - a ledge in the narthex unit, formed by the protruding part of the box (sash) and overlapping the sash (box) by the size in the narthex under the overlap.

Reinforcing insert is a profiled steel element installed in the inner chamber of the main profile to absorb operational loads.

A combination of profiles is a connection point for mating profiles (for example, a frame profile is a sash profile with a glazing bead; an impost profile is a sash profile with a glazing bead; a sash profile with a glazing bead and a glazing bead is a sash profile with a glazing bead).

The main profiles are the profiles of frames, sashes, imposts, shtulpas, which perform a strength function as an integral part of window and balcony door structures.

Additional profiles - profiles that do not perform a strength function as an integral part of window and balcony door structures.

Glazing beads (glass layouts) - additional profiles intended for fastening a glass unit.

Glazing beads can be made with a co-extruded gasket.

Connecting profiles (connectors) - profiles designed to block window and balcony door frames with each other in structures consisting of two or more products. The connectors can connect the frame profiles at different angles and are selected taking into account the strength requirements.

Expansion profiles (expanders) - profiles designed to increase the height of the window frame profile.

Glazing beads are profiles designed for dividing the sash glazing fields.

Decorative overlays - overhead decorative profiles glued to the glass unit from the inside and outside and forming a false binding.

Ebb - profiles designed to drain water from the window structure.

Facing profiles - profiles for finishing window slopes (corners, platbands, strips, etc.). Cladding profiles can form various systems.
Controlled ventilation is the organization of ventilation of rooms with different air exchange rates due to the design solutions of the products.

Self-ventilation is a system of limited air exchange through the channels of the profile chambers or through the climatic valves built into the window blocks in order to regulate the air humidity in the room and prevent condensation from forming on the inner surfaces of the windows.

Durability is a characteristic of products that determines their ability to maintain performance for a given period, confirmed by the results of laboratory tests and expressed in conditional years of operation (service life).

The definitions of the main parts, dimensions and functional areas of the profile combinations are given in Figures A.1 and A.2.

Figure A.1. Basic details of the profile combination

Figure A.2. The main dimensions and functional areas of parts of the combination of profiles

COMPOSITION OF WORKING DOCUMENTATION FOR WINDOW AND BALCONY DOOR BLOCKS

The documentation for the manufacture of window and balcony door blocks from PVC profiles must contain the following data:

B.1. Window and door blocks.
The description of the design should include:
methods and schemes for opening windows;
methodology for calculating basic and functional dimensions;
tables (diagrams) of the maximum permissible dimensions (proportions) of the sashes;
types and sizes of used reinforcing inserts, depending on the size of sashes, frames, imposts, crossbars;
drawings of the location of holes for water drainage, drainage of the folds of the glazing, compensation of wind pressure, indicating their number and size;
the number and location of locking devices;
additional requirements for windows made of colored profiles.

B.2. PVC profiles:
sections of profiles with an indication of their functions and division into main and additional profiles, article numbers of profiles;
basic and functional dimensions of profiles;
sections of combinations of profiles with basic dimensions;
information about the physical and mechanical characteristics and durability of PVC profiles.

B.3. Reinforcement liners:
material;
type and thickness of anti-corrosion coating;
sections with basic dimensions;
moments of inertia (E x J).

B.4. Sealing gaskets:
material, dimensions, sectional shapes, recommended requirements.

B.5. Glazing:
a table with possible combinations of insulating glass units, gaskets and glazing beads;
installation diagram of glazing linings.

B.6. Profile connections (corner, impost, etc.):
for welded joints - design strength for all main profiles;
for mechanical connections - a description of fittings, amplifiers, fasteners, gaskets and sealants.

B.7. Window fittings and hinges:
opening options;
designation of various types of window devices;
locations of devices and hinges;
restrictions on the weight and size of the valves;
characteristic of protective and decorative coating;
conditions for adjusting locking devices and hinges.

B.8. Technological documentation for the manufacture of windows:
technological documentation for the manufacture of windows should include technological process maps, technological regulations, including quality control regulations, and other necessary documents.

B.9. Typical installation instructions for products

B.10. Product operating instructions
General requirements for the installation of products are given in Appendix D.

SYSTEM OF FUNCTIONAL HOLES AND INTERNAL DUCT SELF-VENTILATION

(FIGURES B.1 - B.3)

Figure B.1. Functional hole system

Figure B.2. Location of functional holes

Figure B.3. Intra-profile duct self-ventilation system

GENERAL INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS

D.1. Requirements for the installation of products are established in the design documentation for construction objects, taking into account the options adopted in the project for the execution of the nodes of the junction of products to the walls, designed for specified climatic and other loads.

D.2. The installation of products should be carried out by specialized construction firms. The completion of installation work must be confirmed by an acceptance certificate, which includes the warranty obligations of the manufacturer of the work.

D.3. At the request of the consumer (customer), the manufacturer (supplier) of products must provide him with standard instructions for the installation of window and balcony door blocks made of PVC profiles, approved by the head of the manufacturer and containing:
drawings (diagrams) of typical junction assemblies;
a list of materials used (taking into account their compatibility and temperature conditions of use);
the sequence of technological operations for the installation of window blocks.

D.4. When designing and executing the junction nodes, the following conditions must be met:
The sealing of the mounting gaps between the products and the slopes of the openings of the wall structures must be tight, hermetically sealed around the entire perimeter of the window, designed to withstand climatic loads outside and operating conditions inside the premises.

A variant of the window block mounting assembly is shown in Figure D.1;

Figure D.1. Window block assembly example

the design of the junction points (including the location of the window block along the depth of the opening) should prevent the formation of cold bridges (thermal bridges), leading to the formation of condensation on the inner surfaces of window openings;
the operational characteristics of the structures of the junction points (resistance to heat transfer, sound insulation, air and water permeability) must meet the requirements established in building codes;
the vapor barrier of the seams from the side of the premises should be more dense than from the outside;
the design of the junction points must ensure reliable drainage of rainwater and condensate to the outside. The penetration of moisture into the wall structures and premises is not allowed;
when choosing the filling of the mounting gaps, one should take into account the operational temperature changes in the overall dimensions of the products.

In order to increase the reliability of the thermal insulation of the assembly unit, it is recommended to use window blocks with a frame width of at least 80 mm.

D.5. The following should be used as fasteners for the installation of products:
flexible anchors complete with screws and dowels;
construction dowels;
mounting screws;
special mounting systems (for example, with adjustable mounting feet).

Variants of assemblies of mounting fasteners are shown in Figure D.2 and are selected depending on the structure of the wall.

Figure D.2. Mounting hardware options

It is not allowed to use sealants, adhesives, foam insulation, as well as construction nails for fastening products.

D.6. Window blocks should be installed at a level. Deviations from the vertical and horizontal lines of the sides of the boxes of mounted products should not exceed 1.5 mm per 1 m of length, but not more than 3 mm at the height of the product.

D.7. The distance between the fasteners when installing white products with profiles reinforced with steel inserts should not exceed 700 mm, in other cases - no more than 600 mm (Figure D.3).

Figure D.3. Location of fasteners

D.8. To fill the installation gaps (seams), silicone sealants, pre-compressed PSUL sealing tapes (compression tapes), insulating polyurethane foam cords, foam insulation, mineral wool and other materials that have a hygienic conclusion and ensure the required performance of the seams are used. Foam heaters should not have bitumen-containing additives and increase their volume after the completion of installation work.
Painting of seams is not recommended.

D.9. To transfer loads in the plane of the window (weight) of the product to the building structure, load-bearing blocks made of polymeric materials with a hardness of at least 80 units are used. Shore A or hardwood. To fix the position of the window block in the wall, spacer blocks are used.

With multi-layer wall structures, when the window unit is installed in the insulation zone, the loads must be transferred to the load-bearing part of the wall.

Wooden wedges used for temporary fixation of products during the installation process must be removed before sealing the assembly joints.

D.10. In the case of assembly blocking of window blocks with each other or with balcony door blocks, the connection of products should be made through special connecting profiles, which may have reinforcing inserts to increase the strength characteristics of the products. The connection must be tight, excluding blowing and moisture penetration, compensating for the thermal expansion of the products.

Versions of blocking unit for window and balcony door blocks are shown in Figure D.4.

Figure D.4. An example of a blocking unit for a window and balcony door block

D.11. Removal of the protective film from the front surfaces of the profiles should be carried out after the installation of products and finishing of the mounting opening, taking into account that the duration of exposure to sunlight on the protective film should not exceed ten days.

Appendix D (reference)

STANDARD DESIGNER INFORMATION

This standard was developed by a working group of specialists consisting of:
N.V. Shvedov, Gosstroy of Russia, head;
V.A. Tarasov, KVE-Window Technologies CJSC;
H. Scheitler, KBE GmbH;
Yu.P. Aleksandrov, JSC TsNIIPromzdaniy;
T.V. Vlasov, CS of window and door technology;

Windows are an important part of any construction process. At the stage of building a building, they are given attention from the point of view optimal design and loads. In the process of renovation, the owners of offices and residential premises independently regulate the location of windows, their height and dimensions, since GOST for windows 2002 does not give specific absolute values. However, there is whole line regulations and standards that are documented and must be followed by companies that produce and install wood, plastic windows or aluminum profile windows (GOST takes into account the features and technical parameters in each case). Here are various classifications, designation of windows according to GOST, technical parameters, marking and specification of windows and doors according to GOST, etc.

GOST 12506 81 for windows

If you prefer wooden windows, GOST will be useful to you. The standard defines the types of windows. For example, according to the opening method, they are distinguished:

• wooden windows opening inward (B);
• blind non-opening windows (G);
• outward opening windows (H).

According to GOST, wooden windows and doors have specific specifications and technical features depending on the type of premises, its purpose and other parameters. From the document you will learn how wooden windows are classified and installed - GOST 12506 81 will give answers to all pressing questions. This is especially important in the context of the growing demand for such window designs. They are environmentally friendly, aesthetically pleasing, natural and reliable.

GOST 23166 99 for plastic windows

The provisions of this standard apply to door balcony and window blocks, which are made from metal alloys, wood, and plastics. They are designed for structures of various functional purposes. Thus, GOST covers metal, steel windows (gives the classification and design features), etc. When choosing and installing a high-quality window, GOST 23166 99 can be very useful.

GOST for windows 21519 2003

This standard describes the basic requirements, features and standards for door and window structures, the production of which involves the use of an aluminum profile. The products are designed for use in buildings for various purposes. Various classifications are given in the document. So, based on design features profile according to GOST aluminum windows are made:

• from a hollow profile (A);
• from a combined profile, the thermal insulation insert of which is filled with insulation (AKU);
• from a combined profile with an insert with thermal insulation properties (AK).

GOST 30971 2002 for plastic windows

It is generally accepted that the success of durable and trouble-free operation of windows half depends on the correct installation. In fact, competent editing can be given an even more significant role, because mistakes can nullify even the most best performance window construction. As practice confirms, GOST for plastic windows, which regulates their installation, is extremely important. It allows you to formalize the process and limit the freedom of manufacturers in the choice of tools, methods and installation technologies. This minimizes options for negligence, unjustified savings, the use of unskilled labor, etc. As a result, high-quality windows will be correctly installed, which means they will last a very long time, guaranteeing only comfort and ease of use. According to GOST, each installation company installs reinforced-plastic windows, observing the provisions of the internal instructions. It, in turn, must be approved by the local government office.

GOST 30674 99 for plastic windows

The provisions of this standard apply to window structures, as well as balcony door blocks, which are made from PVC profiles. Currently, there is a consistently high demand for PVC windows - GOST 30674 99 reflects all the main technical points. The standard lists product classifications according to various criteria, as well as the main provisions of working documentation - design and technological. In accordance with GOST, plastic windows must be manufactured within the permissible deviations given in the text of the document. For example, the boundary value of the deviation of the nominal dimensions should not go beyond +2.00 –1.00 mm.

Currently, you can easily find the necessary GOST, and the windows and doors produced and installed with it in mind will retain their original performance characteristics for a long time. A lot can be gleaned from standards useful information: specification of windows (GOST contains the necessary clarifications), requirements for buildings of any purpose, etc.

To control the quality of plastic window structures, a number of documents have been created that establish the rules for the manufacture and installation. The main standard for plastic windows - GOST "Plastic (PVC) windows" No. 30674-99 (Window blocks made of polyvinyl chloride profiles) is used most often, but others are also used, namely:

1) GOST 23166-99

“Window blocks. General technical characteristics ",

2) GOST 24866-99

"Double-glazed windows glued for construction purposes. Specifications",

3) GOST 30673-99

“PVC profiles for window and door blocks. Technical conditions ",

GOST 23166-99 “Window blocks. General technical conditions "

This standard is fundamental and includes a set of requirements not only for plastic, but also for any other windows. The GOST describes the classification of windows according to various characteristics: material, shape, size, heat protection, noise absorption, the way of opening the sashes.

GOST was adopted by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification in Construction (MNTKS) on December 2, 1999, and put into use on January 1, 2000.

Key points:

4.1 Window blocks are classified according to the following criteria:

Materials of frame elements;

Options for filling the translucent part;

Appointment;

Design options;

Architectural drawing;

Basic performance characteristics.

4.2 According to the material of the frame, the windows are divided into:

Wooden;

Polyvinyl chloride;

From aluminum alloys;

Steel;

Fiberglass;

Combined (wood-aluminum, wood-polyvinyl chloride, etc.)

4.4 According to their intended purpose, windows can be for residential, industrial, public premises and others.

4.5 Depending on the glazing:

With single glazing (for unheated rooms);

Double glazed;

Triple glazed;

With quadruple glazing;

by the number of leaves in one row of glazing:

Single leaf;

Bivalve;

Multi-leaf;

in the direction of opening the sash:

Indoors;

Double-sided opening;

Left opening;

Symmetrical opening;

by the ways of opening the sash:

With swing opening - with the swing of the sash around the vertical extreme axis;

Suspended - with the swing of the sash around the upper extreme axis;

Folding - with the swing of the sash around the lower extreme axis;

Swing-out - with the swing of the sash around the vertical and lower extreme axes;

Mid-swing - with the sash rotation around a horizontal or vertical axis, offset from the sash edge;

Sliding - with horizontal movement of the shutters;

Lifting - with the movement of the sash in the vertical plane;

Combined - with combination in one design different types opening the doors;

Non-opening;

by airing method:

With a vent (several vents);

With flaps with tilt (swing-out) adjustable opening;

With transoms;

* A transom is a sash of a window or door (like a window leaf) located in the upper part of the structure. The transom is used for safe ventilation without drafts.

With ventilation valves;

With climatic valves;

With self-ventilation systems;

by types of corner connections:

Non-dismountable (glue, welded, pressed, etc.);

Collapsible (with mechanical connections).

4.6 According to the architectural drawings, the products are subdivided into:

Rectangular;

Curly (triangular, polygonal, arched, round, oval, etc.);

With decorative bindings;

With a complex pattern.

4.7.1 According to the degree of thermal resistance, they are divided into classes:

* Thermal resistance (TC) - physical quantity, revealed by the ratio of the temperature on both sides of the frame to the density of the air flow inside it. For a more understandable designation of thermal resistance, the coefficient of resistance to heat transfer is used.

A1 - with TS 0.80 m2 x ° C / W and more;

A2 - with TS 0.75 - 0.79 m2 x ° C / W;

B1 - with TS 0.70 - 0.74 m2 x ° C / W;

B2 - with TS 0.65 - 0.69 m2 x ° C / W;

В1 - with TS 0.60 - 0.64 m2 x ° C / W;

B2 - with TS 0.55 - 0.59 m2 x ° C / W;

G1 - with TS 0.50 - 0.54 m2 x ° C / W;

G2 - with TS 0.45 - 0.49 m2 x ° C / W;

D1 - with TS 0.40 - 0.44 m2 x ° C / W;

D2 - with TS 0.35 - 0.39 m2 x ° C / W.

4.7.3 According to the noise level that mutes the product, all windows are divided into classes:

A - over 36 dBa;

B - over 34-36 dBa;

B - over 31-33 dBa;

Г - over 28-30 dBa;

D - 25-27 dBa.

* dB - decibel, a unit of sound measurement. A comfortable number of noise for a person is 40 dB, street noise is 70-80 dB.

4.7.4 In count sunlight entering the room, the windows are divided into classes:

* The light transmittance (LCR) for windows is calculated as the ratio of light that passes through the glass to the amount of light that hits the surface of the glass.

A - windows with KPS - 0.50 and more;

B - windows with KPS - 0.45-0.49;

B - windows with KPS - 0.40-0.44;

G - windows with KPS - 0.35-0.39;

D - windows with KPS - 0.30-0.34.

4.7.5 Depending on the level of wind load resistance, windows are also divided into classes:

* Pascal is a unit of measure for pressure.

* Wind load depends on the terrain, the average annual wind speed and the height of the object (window).

A - windows capable of withstanding a load of 1000 Pa or more;

B - windows capable of withstanding a load of 800-999 Pa;

В - windows capable of withstanding a load of 600-799 Pa;

Г - windows capable of withstanding a load of 400-599 Pa;

D - windows capable of withstanding a load of 200-399 Pa.

4.7.6 Depending on resistance to frost, windows are divided into:

Normal (average operating temperature -20 ° С, critical temperature -45 ° С)

Frost resistant (able to withstand temperatures below -45 ° C)

4.9 The standard measure for the width and height of a window in construction is the model - this is a unit of measurement equal to 100 mm.

In width 6M; 7M; 9M; 11M; 12M; 13M; 15M; 18M; 21M; 24M; 27M;

Height: 6M; 9M; 12M; 13M; 15M; 18M; 21M; 22M; 24M; 28M.

Maximum permissible aspect ratios of the window frame:

Height Width								2070 mm	2370 mm	2670 mm
580 mm	6-6	6-7	6-9	6-12	6-13	6-15	not rivers.	not rivers.	not rivers.	not rivers.
860 mm	9-6	9-7	9-9	9-12	9-13	9-15	not rivers.	not rivers.	not rivers.	not rivers.
1160 mm	12-6	12-7	12-9	12-12	12-13	12-15	12-18		12-24	21-27
1320 mm	13-6	13-7	13-9	13-12	13-13	13-15	13-18	13-21	13-24	13-27
1460 mm	15-6	15-7	15-9	15-12	15-13	15-15	15-18	15-21	15-24	15-27
1760 mm	not rivers.	18-7	18-9	18-12	18-13	18-15	18-18	18-21	18-24	18-27
2060 mm	not rivers.	21-7	21-9	21-12	21-13	21-15	21-18	21-21	21-24	21-27
2175 mm	not rivers.	22-7	22-9	22-12	22-13	22-15	22-18	not rivers.	not rivers.	not rivers.
2375 mm	not rivers.	24-7	24-9	24-12	24-13	24-15	24-18	not rivers.	not rivers.	not rivers.
2755 mm	not rivers.	not rivers.	28-9	28-12	28-13	24-15	28-18	not rivers.	not rivers.	not rivers.

* The numerical ratio (for example, 6-6, 6-12) indicates the permissible dimensions of the window. These ratios are a translation of the standard calculus system into a modular one.

GOST 30673-99 "PVC profiles for window and door blocks. Technical conditions "

Document No. 30673-99 is the main gost for plastic windows and doors. It describes the requirements for the profile design. Most of the characteristics described are mandatory, therefore the standard is used for the certification of plastic profiles.

Key points:

3 ... Basic terms and definitions.

External face wall of the profile- the outer surface of the window frame from the side of the room.

External non-front profile wall- the outer surface of the window frame from the street side.

Inner wall of the profile- partitions between the profile chambers.

Camera- a hollow space inside the profile, divided by vertical partitions.

Profile width- the distance from the external non-front wall to the front one.

Main camera- air chamber for reinforcement installation.

Reinforcement- metal insert inside the profile for dimensional stability.

Form stability- the ability to maintain the primary shape.

Durability of profiles- the ability to maintain the required properties for a given period.

4.4 Based on the thickness of the outer wall of the profile, all products are divided into classes.

The wall thickness is a characteristic of the dimensional stability and strength of the profile, and also affects the sound insulation and heat absorption.

4.5 According to the type of external finishing, the profiles are divided into:

1) white, colored in the mass (at the production stage)

2) laminated (covered with colored film)

3) Co-extruded (acrylic) topcoat

5.3 This section of GOST for PVC windows gives the minimum permissible values ​​for the main characteristics of plastic profiles.

Indicator name	Meaning
Tensile strength is an indicator that characterizes the tensile strength of a material when stretched in different directions. * MPa - megapascal, a unit characterizing the force of pressure and mechanical stress.	37,0
Impact strength according to Charpy, kJ / m2, not less * Impact strength - the ability of an object to absorb mechanical energy under force without deformation. * kJ - kilojoule, a unit for measuring heat, energy and the amount of work done. 15 kJ / m2 of energy is released upon impact of a kilogram stone thrown from a distance of 5 meters. * Charpy method - a method for determining the ultimate impact strength of an object, consists in placing the object in a chamber with certain atmospheric conditions and hitting it with a pendulum. The size, weight, distance and angle of incidence of the pendulum is constantly changing. As a result of observations, it is determined maximum amount energy that can be absorbed by the test object.	15
Softening point, ° С, not less	75
Change in linear dimensions after heat exposure for main profiles,%, no more:	2.0
Heat resistance at 150 ° С for 30 min	Blisters, cracks, delamination should not be
Impact resistance at negative temperatures	Destruction of no more than one sample in ten

5.3.3 The color of the products must be uniform. Any defects are not allowed.

The appearance of the finished profile (its color, gloss, quality of the front and non-front surfaces) must correspond to the appearance of the reference samples.

* Benchmark — A sample of a product adopted by the ISO as the ideal reference for comparison.

5.3.4 The entire front of the profile must be covered protective film

5.3.7 The durability of the profile must be at least 40 conventional years.

* The durability of the profile is determined experimentally. The plastic product is placed in a chamber, where the load that the profile can be subjected to for several decades is recreated. The results of the experiment depend on how long the profile has withstood the load.

5.3.10 The value of the resistance to heat transfer should be at least 0.4 - 0.9 m2 x ° C / W (depending on the location and size of the chambers).

5.5.1 Each meter of the profile must be marked with a special marking, which contains information about the batch of the profile, the date of its manufacture, as well as the symbol of the profile material.

GOST 30674-99 “Window blocks made of polyvinyl chloride profiles. Technical conditions "

The standard applies to PVC window and balcony structures.

Gost for PVC windows No. 30674-99 was first introduced on January 1, 2001 by decree. Gosstroy of the Russian Federation No. 37 dated 06/05/2000.

Key points:

5.1.3 The window structure for residential premises should provide for ventilation with the help of vents, swing-out doors and ventilation valves.

5.1.4 The design weight of the sashes for white profiles should not exceed 80 kg, for colored profiles - 60 kg.

* When dyed at the production stage, PVC may lose some of its stability and hardness, therefore, the weight of the sash for colored profiles is less.

5.3.1 GOST "Plastic (PVC) windows" No. 30674-99 establishes the main operational characteristics of a standard profile with various double-glazed windows.

The name of indicators	Indicator value
Reduced resistance to heat transfer, m2. ° С / W, not less:
with a single-chamber double-glazed window
* Double-glazed unit with ordinary glass 4 mm thick, air chamber width - 16 mm.	0,35
* Double-glazed unit with standard 4mm glass panes and 16mm argon chamber.	0,37
* Double-glazed unit with conventional and energy-saving (hard) glass 4 mm thick and 16 mm camera.	0,54
	0,58
* Insulating glass unit with conventional and energy saving (hard) glass and 16mm argon chamber.	0,59
* Similar to the previous one, the difference is that the energy-saving glass has a soft coating.	0,63
with a double-glazed window;
4M1-8-4M1-8-4M1 * Standard two-chamber package with regular 4mm glasses and two 8mm cameras.	0,49
4M1-10-4M1-10-4M1 * Similar to the previous one, the thickness of the air chambers is 10 mm.	0,51
4M1-10Ar-4M1-10Ar-4M1	0,54
4M1-12-4M1-12-4M1 * Double-glazed unit with standard glasses 4 mm thick and air chambers 12 mm thick.	0,53
4M1-8-4M1-8-I4	0,56
4M1-12Ar-4M1-12Ar-4M1 * Similar to the previous one, the chambers are filled with argon.	0,57
4M1-8-4M1-8-K4 * Double-glazed unit with two 8mm air chambers, one of which has a hard, energy-saving coating.	0,61
4M1-8Ar-4M1-8Ar-K4 * Double-glazed unit with two chambers 8 mm thick and filled with argon, as well as with energy-saving (hard) glass.	0,63
4M1-8Ar-4M1-8Ar-I4 * Similar to the previous one, energy saving glass with soft coating.	0,65
4M1-12-4M1-12-K4 * Double-glazed unit with two 12 mm chambers, 12 mm thick and energy-saving hard-coated glass.	0,61
4M1-12-4M1-12-I4 * Similar to the previous one, energy saving glass with soft coating.	0,66
4M1-12Ar-4M1-12Ar-K4 * Insulating glass unit with two 12mm chambers filled with argon and energy saving hard coated glass.	0,67
4M1-12Ar-4M1-12Ar-I4 * Similar to the previous one, energy saving glass with soft coating.	0,72
Sound insulation class, not lower	D
Durability, conditional years of operation:
PVC profiles	40
double-glazed windows	20
sealing gaskets	10

* This table shows the main markings of the characteristics of the insulating glass unit.

The first digit is the thickness of the glass in the package, the absence of the first digit means that the value of this indicator is not standardized.

The letters M, K, I mean the brand of glass.

M1 - standard glass without any spraying.

K4 - energy-saving hard-coated glass (you can read more about energy-saving glasses in this article).

I4 - energy-saving glass with a soft coating.

The next figure indicates the thickness of the air chamber and its filling.

The Ag marking means that the chamber is filled with argon (an inert gas that improves the heat-shielding properties of the window), the absence of any marking indicates that the chamber is filled with air.

The following designations are similar to the first two.

5.3.5 The appearance of the finished product must completely match the appearance of the reference sample. Does not allow the blackening of the welding corner, any change in the color of the profile.

GOST 24866-99 "Glued glass units for construction purposes. Specifications"

This GOST includes all the basic requirements for double-glazed windows.

Key points:

3.6 According to this GOST for plastic windows, the dimensions of a glass unit should not exceed 3.2x3.0 m. It is not recommended to make double-glazed windows with a size less than 300x300 mm and with an aspect ratio of more than 1: 5.

The glasses used in the package can be of several different types:

Glass type name	Glass designation (brand)
Sheet * Ordinary glass, without any additional functions.	M1, M2, M7
Patterned * Has texture and pattern.	Have
Reinforced * Along the perimeter of the glass there is a metal lattice that increases the strength and safety of the glass.	A
Reinforced polished * Similar to the previous one, with more smooth surface	A_p
Multilayer: shockproof penetration resistant safe	A1, A2, A3 CM1, CM2, CM3, ST1,
Dyed in mass * Colored at the production stage by adding various dyes to the raw material	T
Reinforced: chemically hardened tempered
Sunscreen * Tinted, dims glare.	WITH
Energy saving: with hard surface with soft cover

4.1.7. The characteristics of finished insulating glass units must comply with the following:

Type of glass unit	Glass unit type	Heat transfer resistance coefficient	Sound insulation, not less, dB	Dew point is not higher, ° С
For general construction purposes	Single chamber			-45
	Bicameral	0,44	27	Not specified
Shockproof	Single chamber	0,32	26	Not specified
	Bicameral	0,44	28	Not specified
Sunscreen	Single chamber	0,32	25	Not specified
	Bicameral	0,44	27	Not specified
Energy saving	Single chamber	0,58	26	Not specified
	Bicameral	0,72	28	Not specified
Frost resistant	Single chamber	0,58	26	Not specified
	Bicameral	0,72	28	Not specified
Noise-proof	Single chamber	0,32	34	-45
	Bicameral	0,44	34	Not specified

* Dew point is the temperature at which moisture inside and outside the glass unit is converted into condensation.

INTERSTATE STANDARD

WINDOW BLOCKS

Technical conditions

INTERSTATE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL COMMISSION
BY STANDARDIZATION, TECHNICAL REGULATION
AND CERTIFICATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION (MNTKS)

Moscow

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the Department of Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification of the Gosstroy of Russia with the participation of CJSC KBE Window Technologies, NIUPTs "Interregional Window Institute" and the State Enterprise Center for Methodology of Regulation and Standardization in Construction of the Gosstroy of Russia

INTRODUCED by Gosstroy of Russia

2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification in Construction (ISTC) on December 2, 1999

State name	The name of the government building authority
Republic of Armenia	Ministry of Urban Development of the Republic of Armenia
The Republic of Kazakhstan	Committee for Construction of the Ministry of Energy, Industry and Trade of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Republic of Kyrgyzstan	State Inspection for Architecture and Construction under the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic
The Republic of Moldova	Ministry of Territorial Development, Construction and Utilities of the Republic of Moldova
the Russian Federation	Gosstroy of Russia
The Republic of Tajikistan	Committee for Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Tajikistan
The Republic of Uzbekistan	State Committee for Construction, Architecture and Housing Policy of Uzbekistan

3 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

4 PUT INTO EFFECT from January 1, 2001 as a state standard of the Russian Federation by the decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated 06/05/2000 No. 37

1 area of ​​use. 2 3 Terms and definitions. 3 4 Classification and symbol. 3 5 Technical requirements. 3 5.1 General. 3 5.2 Dimensions and requirements for limit deviations ... 6 5.3 Characteristics. 6 5.4 Requirements for accessories and their installation. eight 5.5 Requirements for PVC profiles .. 8 5.6 Requirements for glazing, door panels and gaskets ... 8 5.7 Requirements for reinforcement liners ... 10 5.8 Requirements for window fittings ... 11 5.9 Construction requirements. 12 5.10 Completeness. thirteen 5.11 Marking. 14 6 Acceptance rules. 14 7 Control methods. 15 8 Packing, transportation and storage. 17 9 Manufacturer's Warranties. 17 APPENDIX A Terms and definitions. eighteen APPENDIX B Composition of working documentation for window and balcony door blocks. twenty APPENDIX B System of functional openings and intra-profile duct self-ventilation. 21 APPENDIX D General requirements for the installation of products. 22 APPENDIX E Information about the developers of the standard. 26

GOST 30674-99

INTERSTATE STANDARD

WINDOW BLOCKS
FROM POLYVINYL CHLORIDE PROFILES

Technicalconditions

WINDOWS
OF POLYVINYLCHLORIDE PROFILES

Specifications

dateintroduction 2001-01-01

1 area of ​​use

This standard applies to window and balcony door blocks made of polyvinyl chloride profiles in accordance with GOST 30673 of a single structure with double-glazed windows (hereinafter - window blocks or products) for buildings and structures for various purposes.

It is allowed to extend the requirements of the standard to products glazed with sheet glass and intended for use in unheated rooms.

The standard does not apply to dormer window units, products with sliding sash opening, as well as special-purpose window units in terms of additional requirements for fire safety, burglary protection, etc.

The scope of application of specific brands of products is established depending on the operating conditions, in accordance with the current building codes and regulations, taking into account the requirements of GOST 23166 and this standard.

The requirements of this standard are mandatory (except those specified in the text as recommended or reference).

The standard can be applied for product certification.

2 Normative references

GOST 9.303-84 ESZKS. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. General requirements for selection

GOST 111-90 Sheet glass. Technical conditions

GOST 166-89 Calipers. Technical conditions

GOST 427-75 Measuring metal rulers. Technical conditions

GOST 538-88 Locks and hardware. General specifications

GOST 7502-98 Metal measuring tapes. Technical conditions

GOST 8026-92 Calibration rulers. Technical conditions

GOST 9416-83 Construction levels. Technical conditions

GOST 10354-82 Polyethylene film. Technical conditions

GOST 23166-99 Window blocks. General specifications

GOST 24033-80 Wooden windows and balcony doors. Mechanical test methods

GOST 24866-99 Glued glass units for construction purposes. Technical conditions

GOST 26433.0-85 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Measurement rules. General Provisions

GOST 26433.1-89 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Measurement rules. Prefabricated elements

GOST 26602.1-99 Window and door blocks. Methods for determining resistance to heat transfer

GOST 26602.2-99 Window and door blocks. Methods for determining air and water permeability

GOST 26602.3-99 Window and door blocks. Method for determining sound insulation

GOST 26602.4-99 Window and door blocks. Method for determining the total light transmittance

GOST 30673-99 PVC profiles for window and door blocks. Technical conditions

3 Terms and definitions

The terms and definitions used in this standard are given in GOST 23166. The terms reflecting the specifics of the design of window blocks made of PVC profiles (hereinafter referred to as PVC profiles), as well as the definitions of their main functional areas, parts and dimensions are given in Appendix A.

4 Classification and designation

4.1 Products are classified in accordance with GOST 23166, as well as by design options and the type of finishing of the front surfaces of PVC profiles.

According to the design options of PVC profiles, window blocks are subdivided into products with one-, two-, three-, four or more chamber profiles.

By the type of finishing of the front surfaces, the products are divided into:

white, colored throughout the mass;

finished with decorative foil (laminated);

with co-extruded topcoat.

4.2 The designation of products is taken in accordance with GOST 23166 with an indication of the designation of this standard.

4.3 For products manufactured according to individual orders, it is allowed to accept the following symbol structure:

An example of a legend - OP B2 1840-1220 (4M 1 -16Ag-K4) GOST 30674-99 - window block made of PVC profiles - OP, product class in terms of reduced heat transfer resistance - B2, height 1840 mm, width 1220 mm, with a glass unit design: outer glass 4 mm thick, grade M according to GOST 111, inter-glass distance 16 mm Argon-filled, internal glass 4 mm thick with a hard heat-reflecting coating, in accordance with this standard.

In the case of using frost-resistant products, the letter "M" is added to the designation of the type of product.

When placing an order for the manufacture (supply) of individual products, it is recommended to indicate a variant of a constructive solution, including a description of the design of profiles and glass units, a drawing indicating the opening scheme, type of window devices, requirements for appearance and other requirements as agreed between the manufacturer and the customer.

5 Technical requirements

5.1 General

5.1.1 Products must comply with the requirements of this standard, GOST 23166 and be manufactured according to design and technological documentation, approved in the prescribed manner.

5.1.2 Products consist of frame elements welded from PVC profiles, reinforced with steel inserts.

Imposts are fixed in frame elements using mechanical connections or welding.

The design of products (except for those intended for unheated rooms) must include at least two rows of sealing gaskets in the porches.

Examples of constructive solutions for the main joints (porches) of sashes and boxes of various window systems are shown in Figures 1-3.

a - window system from three-chamber profiles; b - window system with a four-chamber sash and a three-chamber box (arrangement of the outer walls of the sashes and boxes in the same plane); v- window system of three-chamber profiles (outward opening); G- a window system made of multi-chamber profiles with an extended frame; d - glazed frame window system

Picture 1 - Units of the main porches with inner and outer seals

a, b - window systems made of three-chamber profiles with middle and inner seals; v - window system with four-chamber sash and three-chamber frame, with outer, middle and inner seals; G- a window system with a multi-chamber sash and a three-chamber box with outer, middle and inner seals (arrangement of the front outer walls of the sashes and boxes in the same plane); d - window system with four-chamber sash and frame with outer, middle and inner seals; e- window system with four-chamber sash and multi-chamber split frame with outer middle and inner seals

Picture 2 - Units of the main porches with various types of seals

a - impost narthex of the window system with external and internal seals; b - shtulpovy (bezimpostny) vestibule of the window system with external and internal seals; v - shtulpovy (bezimpostny) vestibule of the window system with middle and inner seals; G- impost narthex of non-opening and opening elements of the window system with middle and inner seals

Figure 3 - Nodes of impost and shtulp narthex

5.1.3 The design of products for residential premises should provide for the ventilation of premises using vents, transoms, doors with tilt-and-turn (tilt) adjustable opening or ventilation valves.

To improve the humidity regime of the premises, it is recommended to use self-ventilation systems in products using intra-profile channels, as well as window blocks with built-in adjustable and self-adjusting climatic valves. The system of in-profile duct self-ventilation is given in Appendix B.

To improve the soundproofing characteristics of the product in the ventilation mode, soundproof valves can be installed in the window blocks.

5.1.4 The requirements of this standard apply to window units with an area not exceeding 6 m 2, with a maximum area of ​​each opening element of 2.5 m 2 for white products and 2.2 m 2 for other colors.

The estimated weight of the flaps (canvases) of white products should not exceed 80 kg, the mass of opening elements of products of other colors - 60 kg.

The manufacture of window blocks (sashes) with an area and mass exceeding the indicated values ​​must be confirmed by the results of laboratory tests or additional strength calculations in accordance with the current building codes, taking into account the requirements of GOST 23166.

The permissible ratio of the height and width of the opening elements of specific brands of products, taking into account the opening scheme, the types of profiles and window devices used, the moment of inertia of the reinforcing inserts and the weight of the leaf elements, are set in the technical documentation.

5.1.5 Products must be safe to operate and maintain. The safety conditions for the use of products of various designs are established in the design documentation (for example, window blocks with suspended opening of the sash are not recommended for use in child care facilities). Products must be designed for service loads, including wind loads, in accordance with applicable building codes.

5.1.6 Products (or materials for their manufacture and component parts) must have sanitary safety documents provided for by applicable law and drawn up in accordance with the established procedure.

5.2 Dimensions and requirements for limit deviations

5.2.1 Overall dimensions and architectural drawings of window units - in accordance with GOST 23166.

The nominal dimensions of sections of profiles, reinforcing inserts, combinations of profiles are set in the technical documentation for their manufacture.

5.2.2 Limit deviations of the nominal overall dimensions of the product should not exceed +2.0

5.2.3 Limit deviations from the nominal dimensions of the elements of products, the gaps in the porches and under the overlap, the dimensions of the arrangement of window devices and hinges should not exceed the values ​​specified in Table 1.

Table 1 In millimeters

Dimensional interval	Limit deviations of nominal dimensions
	inner size of boxes	outer dimensions of the flaps	gap in the vestibule (clearance)	weld gap	dimensions of the arrangement of devices and hinges
1000 to 2000
Notes (edit) 1 The values ​​of the maximum deviations are set for the temperature range of the measurement - 16 -24 ° С. 2 The values ​​of the maximum deviations of the dimensions of the gaps in the rebates and under the overlap are given for closed sashes with installed gaskets.

The difference in the lengths of the diagonals of rectangular frame elements should not exceed 2.0 mm with the maximum length of the sash side up to 1400 mm and 3.0 mm - more than 1400 mm.

5.2.4 The difference in front surfaces (sag) in welded corner and T-shaped joints of adjacent profiles of boxes and sashes, the installation of which is provided in the same plane, should not exceed 0.7 mm, when mechanical connection of imposts with box profiles, as well as between themselves - no more than 1.0 mm.

5.2.5 In the event that the processing of the welded seam provides for the recess of the groove, the size of the groove on the front surfaces should not exceed 5 mm in width, the depth of the groove should be within 0.5-1.0 mm, and the shear value of the outer corner of the weld should not should exceed 3 mm along the weld.

5.2.6 The sag of the opening elements (sashes, canvases, vents) in the assembled product should not exceed 1.5 mm per 1 m of width.

5.2.7 The deviation of the nominal size of the distance between the overlays of adjacent closed sashes should not exceed 1.0 mm per 1 m of the length of the rebate.

5.2.8 Deviations from the straightness of the edges of the parts of frame elements should not exceed 1 mm per 1 m of length in any area.

5.3 Features

5.3.1 The main operational characteristics of products with three-chamber profiles of boxes and sashes are given in Table 2.

table 2

The name of indicators	Indicator value
Reduced resistance to heat transfer, m 2 ° C / W, not less:
with a single-chamber double-glazed window
4M 1 -16Ag-I4
with a double-glazed window;
4M 1 -8-4 M 1 -8-4M 1
4M 1 -10-4M 1 -10-4M 1
4M 1 -10Ar-4M 1 -10Ar-4M 1
4M 1 -12-4M 1 -12-4M 1
4M 1 -12Ar-4M 1 -12Ar-4M 1
with a double-glazed unit with a heat-reflecting coating
4M 1 -8-4M 1 -8-K4
4M 1 -8-4M 1 -8-H4
4M 1 -8Ar-4M 1 -8Ar-K4
4M 1 -8Ar-4M 1 -8Ar-H4
4M 1 -12-4M 1 -12-K4
4M 1 -12-4M 1 -12-H4
4M 1 -12Ar-4M 1 -12Ar-K4
4M 1 -12Ar-4M 1 -12Ar-H4
Isolation of airborne traffic noise, dBA, not less
Sound insulation class, not lower
Total light transmittance (reference value)
Air permeability at DP = 10 Pa, m 3 / (h × m 2), no more
Air and water permeability class, not lower
Reliability of window devices and hinges, cycle "open-close"		According to GOST 23166
Durability, conditional years of operation:
PVC profiles
double-glazed windows
sealing gaskets
Notes (edit) 1 The reduced resistance to heat transfer of the opaque part of the filling of the balcony door blocks should be at least 1.3 times higher than the heat transfer resistance of the transparent part of the products, but not lower than 0.8 m 2 ° C / W. The values ​​of the reduced resistance to heat transfer of the combination of product profiles should not be lower than this indicator for double-glazed windows by more than 15%. 2 The values ​​of the reduced resistance to heat transfer are established for products with a ratio of glazing area to product area equal to 0.7 and an average thickness of the combination of profiles of 58-62 mm. 3 The term for entering the durability indicators indicated in parentheses is July 1, 2002.

Indicators of the reduced resistance to heat transfer for products from profiles with a different number of chambers and a different design of a glass unit are taken based on the results of laboratory tests.

5.3.2 Resistance to static loads and forces applied to the doors to open and close them - in accordance with GOST 23166.

5.3.3 Welded fillet joints with treated welded seams of flaps up to 1000 mm wide must withstand the action of the test load applied according to scheme A of Figure 9, not less than:

750 N - with a sash height up to 1300 mm;

800 N - with a sash height over 1300 to 1500 mm;

900 N - with a sash height over 1500 to 1800 mm;

1000 N - with a sash glazing area of ​​2.1-2.3 m 2 and for door trims.

The value of loads when testing the strength of corner joints of sash widths over 1000 to 1200 mm is increased by 10%.

The value of loads when testing the strength of corner joints of boxes according to scheme A of Figure 9 is not less than 800 N, according to scheme B -1600 N.

When tested according to scheme B in Figure 9, corner joints must withstand the action of a load that is doubled.

5.3.4 Strength values ​​of corner joints of frame elements in the case of using profiles of classes B and C in accordance with GOST 30673 are established in the regulatory and design documentation for these types of products.

5.3.5 Appearance of products: color, gloss, permissible defects

surfaces of PVC profiles (risks, scratches, shrinkage cavities, etc.) must comply with the reference samples approved by the head of the manufacturer of the products.

Welded seams should not have arson, poorly welded areas, cracks. It is not allowed to change the color of PVC profiles in the places of welded seams after their stripping.

5.3.6 The front surfaces of the profiles of sash and product boxes (except for curved ones) must be protected with self-adhesive tape.

5.4 Requirements for accessories and their installation

5.4.1 Materials and components used for the manufacture of window units must comply with the requirements of standards, specifications, technical certificates, approved in the prescribed manner.

5.4.2 The main components of the products: PVC profiles, double-glazed windows, gaskets, window devices must be tested for durability (reliability) in test centers accredited for the right to carry out such tests.

5.5 Requirements for PVC profiles

5.5.1 Polyvinyl chloride profiles must be made of rigid unplasticized polyvinyl chloride modified for high impact strength and resistance to climatic influences, and meet the requirements of GOST 30673, as well as technical conditions for specific systems of profiles, approved in accordance with the established procedure.

By agreement between the consumer and the manufacturer, it is allowed to manufacture products from PVC profiles of other colors and types of finishing of the front surfaces. The use of color profiles painted in mass without a protective decorative coating on surfaces exposed to ultraviolet rays is not allowed.

5.5.3 Curved profiles should not have deviations from the shape (warpage, waviness) exceeding the width and height of the profile (± 1.5) mm. The recommended minimum bending radius for white PVC profiles should be taken equal to five times the profile width, for other profiles - 5.5 of the profile width.

5.6 Requirements for glazing, door panels and gaskets