How to build a house from metal structures with your own hands. Metal frame houses - fast, inexpensive and comfortable

span 3 meters, consists of a pipe 50x50 3 mm wall and a rigidly screwed beam 50x150. according to all calculations, one such pipe gives a deflection of 1 cm with a load of 150 kilograms in its middle (confirmed empirically), but at the same time it _ will not collapse_. a separate wooden beam 50x150 adds rigidity, something about 200 kg load with a good margin. and here is a sandwich .. the beams go through 50 cm. on them a crate of boards 30, laid with slots of 1 cm, screwed smallpox plates on top. if you jump on the 2nd floor - on 1st it is not felt in any way)

P.S. there are just 2 bedrooms, there were no 200 kg fireplaces.

Tell me, what is the logic of using metal? After all, it is expensive, with cold bridges somehow the issue will need to be resolved, then in a fire it is not clear how the metal will behave when heated

agree, expensive. when compared with wood just as a material.
now a little thought:

The pipe costs about 80 rubles / meter, 240 meters of 50x50 pipe and about 150 meters of 20x40 pipe went to the frame. the total cost was about 60 thousand rubles, this is 2 tons of metal.
for the work on cutting and welding, I gave about 40 thousand rubles, along with the terrace (it is also welded). if only they were building from wood, it would have turned out material for 25-30 thousand rubles and for the work of a crowd of carpenters (we only go in crowds !! it would have been 50-60 thousand rubles for the 2nd floor and about 20 thousand rubles for the terrace. craftsmen. came to the conclusion that I do not need this and for so much

There will be no cold bridges, because the frame is double. internal, power, from 50x50 pipes. the outside is made from the outside, from 20x40, to the entire height of the house, in order to then sheathe it all outside.
the whole trick is that the inner frame does not have access to the street, it turns out to be inside the foam sheets during the foam insulation process. very convenient by the way, foam is 5 cm too.

The outer frame has no contact with interior, separated from the inner "cage" by a distance of 5 cm (2 pipes were welded horizontally outside, along each of the walls). that is, no condensation is expected.

Sheathed with profiled sheets s-8, horizontally, white.

Advantages of metal: as a mechanical engineer, I calculated the loads without any problems, one 50x50 rack calmly holds 2 tons of axial load. and my whole structure weighs 2 tons ... without finishing and insulation, of course. racks stand every 1 meter, there is a margin of safety
again, able to assess the quality of the weld. what could not have done for a wooden structure, which our "craftsmen" have only to turn away and strive to assemble on nails driven obliquely

The most important thing is that the tree that is sold on the basis of natural moisture. That is frankly raw. what will happen to him in a year. when will it dry? with so many neighbors, all this led to the fact that such a thing is not even considered for oneself.

As for the fire, the whole joke is that there is nothing to burn in such a house. rockwool is laid in the ceiling on top of the foam, it burns badly. the beams themselves, even when untreated, do not pose any risk.
the house below is gas silicate, plastered on the outside with cement, inside - with rotband, gypsum. I plan to paint. insulation of the 2nd floor, wall foam, when heated, it melts more than it burns. instantly turning into a small amount of black bubbling plastic slurry so everything is fine.

By the way, the iron house was planned precisely because of the fact that in case of a fire _ at a neighbor_, the sheathing from the profiled sheet will not suffer as siding, for example. and it is naturally more convenient to attach the profiled sheet to the metal. and cal. expansion is the same, bubbles will never go ...

As for geometry - I like rectangular houses, I almost got a cube, with a side of 6 m.It looked magical while standing without windows
gable roof, attic height - 1 meter at the ridge. for the roof, trusses were made, on the ground, a triangle with sides of 6 m, 3.2 meters, 3.2 meters (approximately) and a height of 1 meter was cooked. with a central rack. after which they were completely dragged onto the upper perimeter and welded over the racks. rigidity is more than sufficient.

It turns out interesting. And the strength calculations were carried out - or are you doing it "by eye"? And how long does it take to prepare / weld the structure? Why, are you a professional welder, or did you just start cooking during construction? I also thought about this approach - but alas, I don't know how to cook (. What kind of welding machine do you have?

the strength calculation was done for the overlap, taking into account the spacing of the beams, the length, the wall thickness of the pipe, the profile of the pipe. so that it is convenient to cook, I chose a profile of the same size for the vertical and horizontal parts of the frame, but the overlap is reinforced wooden beams... they were also made for the thickness of the floor, later they were screwed to them with screws from the bottom of the board with a pitch of 50 cm, 25x150 of which, and insulation was laid on them. total thickness 20 cm.
There are many formulas for calculating beams in the network, the calculations were confirmed empirically.

It took _4 days_ to weld the entire structure of the 2nd floor. two people participated - a welder sold to me from a construction base (he could hardly speak Russian, but the impression was that he was born with an electrode in his hands, the sum is not fantastic.

The most important thing when welding such a structure is that the parts must be joined so that the seam does not work in tension if possible. for example, a pipe should be welded to a vertical post from above, placing it on the end of the post. so calmer

You can only cook together. one keeps everything-supplies-makes the current more / less, etc., the second with an electrode. the time of welding one joint of two pipes (about 20 cm of a seam, in 2 passes) is about 3-5 minutes.

Are you dreaming of building a house with minimal labor, time and financial costs, so that all surfaces are perfectly flat and you do not need to install additional thermal insulation? In this article we will tell you how to build a house from a metal frame with your own hands, about its advantages over other methods of building buildings.

For the construction of a building of any shape and size from metal frame and lightweight or prefabricated sandwich panels will take no more than a month.

• All parts are manufactured at one plant according to a pre-developed project.
• When designing, an accurate calculation of the weight of the entire structure is immediately made, which makes it possible to accurately calculate the foundation and the amount necessary materials for his device.
• Compact lightweight building elements do not need to be rented a large number transport for transportation and significantly reduce the construction time.
• There is no need to use heavy machinery when assembling the frame.
• Lack of debris and waste at the construction site.
• Metal frame construction can be carried out at any time, since no mortars are used for the walls, which take time to harden.
• The ability to install large spans without the use of special support structures.
• Installation of building elements is carried out only using bolted connections.

Project development

You will have to make a choice between developing an individual project and ready-made options for standard projects of metal frame houses. To make the house strong and reliable, highly qualified specialists with experience in carrying out engineering calculations of metal frame structures should work on the project. The services of such specialists will cost you a decent amount. The cost of typical projects and small changes in them is much lower.

Foundation

The lightweight metal structure of the building does not need a high-strength foundation. A shallow strip concrete foundation is the best option for building a house from a metal frame and sandwich panels. Regular simple construction made of reinforced concrete, it is capable of withstanding even a two-story structure. You can install a strip-pile foundation.

The choice of the type of foundation is influenced primarily by the result of geological research. Communications are laid during the laying of the foundation.

House frame

The metal profiles used for the assembly of the frame pass through the factories special treatment hot-dip galvanized and coated with anti-corrosion enamels or mixtures. For the construction of cottages, a thin-walled or standard metal profile is used. All structural elements are perfect for interior and exterior cladding and installation of windows, doors and partitions.

Special knowledge and extensive experience are not required to work with metal structures. All parts and holes are made with extreme precision. Structural elements are delivered to the construction site with special markings applied at the factory, which greatly facilitates their installation.

The assembly of the frame of the house is carried out using the so-called screwdriver technology. This became possible thanks to the use of a new method of manufacturing parts at the factory. You will not need to measure anything or cut unnecessary lengths. All elements are strictly calculated and made according to your home project. Each detail has its own place and purpose.

Walling

When the work on the construction of the metal frame is over, it is the turn of the installation of the enclosing elements, of which the walls will consist.

The house will turn out to be especially warm if you use prefabricated structures. Sheathe the outer side of the wall with a profiled sheet and install insulation. When using mineral wool, it is necessary to install a waterproofing layer. Next, you should sheathe the house with inside boards and start finishing.

Sandwich panels consist of polymeric coated profiled galvanized sheets, polyurethane foam or expanded polystyrene. The size of the panels is made according to the design of the house. The finished sandwich panels can be painted immediately at the factory. It is quick and easy to work with such enclosing structures. Sandwich panels are characterized by high resistance to environmental influences, good fire resistance, environmental friendliness and excellent thermal insulation properties.

For frame buildings, a new one is often used modern material- heat blocks.

The unique composition of the heat block includes insulation, and this is a direct guarantee of savings throughout the entire operational period. House built from heating blocks in cold winter will delight you with warmth and comfort, and in a roast summer easy coolness and fresh air.

The unusual surface of heat blocks does not need additional processing, which saves money and time for decorative finishing... WITH outside it is enough to paint the hay in any color using a spray gun. Metal-frame houses with the use of heat blocks can be built of any height.

It is necessary to perform horizontal reinforcement of the masonry every four rows.

For masonry of heat blocks, special glue is used or cement mortar... The seam should be no more than 5 mm.

Exterior decoration

For interior and exterior decoration of a metal frame building, you can use almost all of the products on the construction market. Decoration Materials... You must make the choice yourself according to your personal preferences. The most economical option would be to use heatblocks or sandwich panels for fencing metal structures. There is a desire to give your home some extravagance - make the wall decoration material that imitates natural stone.

Using modular blocks, you can make an extension to an existing building at any time. A metal frame house does not shrink and is able to withstand even a 9-point earthquake. This is one of the best modern designs residential buildings that bring excellent cost savings even after construction is completed.

Video

We invite you to learn more about this construction technology from this video.

frame house from a metal profile

Time does not stand still and the path to beauty and originality in modern construction pushes back into the past building materials that have been used for a long time, paving the way for the development of new and often unexpected housing options. We are accustomed to the fact that the main and familiar building materials for the construction of houses are wood and brick. In the 21st century, a metal profile has replaced, from which you can build a durable and comfortable house for permanent residence... Frame houses made of metal profiles are one of the most quick ways get comfortable accommodation. The construction procedure remains the same. First of all, they are engaged in the construction of the foundation, then the walls are installed, and after which all the necessary communications are brought in. Everything is very simple and standard.

Advantages of a frame house made of metal profiles

The technology of building houses from a metal profile has the following advantages:

• the low weight of the structure allows you to use the available types of foundations: support-columnar or pile, also when erecting all the elements, the involvement of heavy special equipment is not required;
• high accuracy of installation - all elements of the frame are manufactured at the factory using high-precision and modern equipment, which facilitates the construction process;
• guarantee of the integrity of the house structure, absence of shrinkage and deformation, which allows finishing the facade and interior immediately after the completion of construction work;
• has full compatibility with other building materials;
• the operational characteristics of the metal profile make it possible to bring to life the most original architectural fantasies;
• frame houses made of metal profiles have a long service life;
• all surfaces are resistant to decay, fungi and mold;
• with proper insulation, you can live in the house all year round with minimal cost for heating.

Cons of using a metal profile

• a short period of time for evacuation in the event of a fire (the structure loses its rigidity and may collapse);
• the metal profile is not suitable for the construction of massive structures.

Development of a project for a house from a metal profile

Before starting the construction of the frame, you need to develop a project. Even if the work is planned, which will be done by hand, you still need the help and advice of a specialist for the correct development of the project.

Gololobovskiy brick factory -, contact information, address, telephone.

The cheapest way would be to select a standard design and order the parts that will be needed at the factory. In this case, at the request of the customer, the project can be corrected in the layout, the type of exterior and interior decoration, and another type of foundation can also be selected.

Important: An individual project is much more expensive, but here all the requirements and wishes of the client are taken into account, the customer, directly with the architect, work out all the details of the drawings of the future house.

Basically, the project provides floor plans, roofs, facades, drawings of frame elements and a 3D model of the house.

Types of construction of a frame house from a metal profile

1. The metal frame will be assembled on the ground where the construction is being carried out. The weight of the parts of the structure is small, even one worker can handle them. After installing the frame, wall cladding is carried out on two sides: inner and outer, and then doors and windows are installed.
2. Using larger elements, construction will also take place at the construction site. The plus is that in this case much less time will be spent on work.
3. It differs from the previous two in its speed. And the fact is that the frame of the house is assembled at the factory and subsequently installed in the right place using a crane.

Thus, careful preparation for design and construction will allow you to build a reliable house from a metal profile, which will serve the owner for more than one year.

"What will not come up with!" - perhaps this is the first thought of most readers who first encountered such a concept as frame houses from a metal profile. The use of metal as load-bearing structures seems like a rather strange decision, but do not rush to conclusions - study all sides of the issue.

Metal houses - is there any experience?

Metal products have been used as load-bearing structures for a very long time; numerous shopping centers, skyscrapers are vivid examples of this. True, the technologies and materials used in the construction of such large objects do not at all justify themselves in private housing construction - the rolled metal products are very heavy, cumbersome, special welding and riveting technologies are used to connect individual elements, you cannot build such a house with your own hands.

Everything changed when light steel thin-walled structures were invented - hereinafter referred to as LSTK. For such structures, only thin steel sheets are suitable, formed into a Z-shaped profile with through grooves or perforations, which are supposed to retain cold. This type of LSTK is also called a thermoprofile, and if we talk about private construction, then it is advisable to use only it.

Of course, no matter what tricks manufacturers come up with, metal remains a material with high thermal conductivity. This fact, in most cases, scares off people who are sorting out options. frame houses... The problem is solved by high-quality thermal insulation, which is a multi-layer cake. The calculation of insulation, the determination of the dew point should be carried out only by specialists with extensive experience, otherwise you risk getting many problems when using the house.

The second point that scares off consumers is metal corrosion. Without going into details chemical reactions, we all know that metal rusts, including steel. The formation of rust directly affects the strength of the metal structure, in our case, the strength of the "skeleton" of the house. This problem was solved by hot electroplating, thanks to which metal constructions get a protective shell with a thickness of 20 microns. At correct installation and ensuring reliable protection from moisture, it can extend the life of the metal up to 100 years!

Benefits of a metal frame - is the tree resting?

Metal frame houses are a technology that is unlikely to displace wood from. The maximum that is destined for them is to develop in parallel. And this is completely justified - both metal and wooden frames have disadvantages and advantages. Perhaps, it is in this comparison that it is best to consider metal-frame houses - why are they better and worse than wooden ones?

Metal, as mentioned above, has a high thermal conductivity - wood is much better in this regard, it itself is a heat-insulating material, participating in the general scheme of house insulation. In a metal-frame structure, there is no hope for the frame - all tasks for thermal protection fall on the insulation and cladding.

In completely wooden house, built with your own hands, live more comfortably. The tree breathes, filling the air with aromas. However, this living material has a lot of enemies - wood-boring bugs, moisture, fungus. Of course, today there are many ways to protect yourself from all these factors, but this translates into high costs. These enemies are not afraid of metal, except, perhaps, moisture, although the processes in both cases will proceed with different speeds in favor of metal.

True, there is another side of the issue - in modern house there are too many household appliances that affect the frame, magnetizing it. This can affect the well-being of particularly sensitive residents. The light weight of LSTK (up to 50 kg per m2) allows you to build a house with your own hands on the lightest foundation. Even on heaving soils that do not allow the use of buried foundations, you can build a large, spacious house. The metal frame is devoid of such wood disadvantages as drying out and shrinkage.

The accuracy of the installation of the elements of the metal frame is always at its best. Thanks to this, time, labor and, as a result, finances are saved - construction from LSTK is cheaper. The cost of the elements themselves is also cheaper.

Disadvantages of a metal frame - forewarned is forearmed!

Oddly enough, but a metal frame during a fire behaves much worse than a wooden one. Do not think that by using metal in construction, you will protect yourself more than in the case of wooden beams- fires in most cases start outside (set on fire) or inside the house (malfunction of household appliances), where there are many materials that will catch fire and burn out - furniture, things, decoration.

The main thing is that during a fire all residents can successfully evacuate - the more time they have before the collapse of the house, the higher the chances! So, a metal frame significantly reduces the evacuation time - at high temperatures, the skeleton of the house loses its rigidity, which is why the house coils in a spiral, falls off, warps... In the process of burning, the tree keeps the house from destruction for much longer - the timber is charred, but inside it keeps its shape.

Another drawback that is revealed almost immediately in the process of design and operation is the difficulty in installing built-in furniture and appliances. By default, the metal frame does not have a rigid, reliable base to which you could fix the shelves with your own hands, or install massive cabinets and pencil cases on top. So the builders, together with the owners of the house, must determine in advance the places that will need to be reinforced with additional profiles and platforms from the boards.

The load-bearing capacity of LSTK significantly limits the number of storeys and the use of heavy building materials. Do not use heavy ceramic tiles or install a fireplace on the upper floors. In the latter case, it is generally difficult to combine steel profiles with structural materials (brick, cement).

An important point is the protection of the house structure from industrial currents and atmospheric discharges. Metal profiles are excellent conductors of electricity, and therefore can be dangerous for the inhabitants of the house. This problem is solved by the potential equalization system, the calculation and installation of which is the lot of professionals.

Installation of LSTK - assembling a constructor!

Building a house from LSTK is really like assembling a construction set for children. Before installation, a project of the future house is created - all the little things are thought out in the project, right down to where the furniture and household appliances will be installed. It is highly desirable that, in addition to the drawing, a 3D project of the house was also developed - this way the customer will see the house with his own eyes.

After the design documentation is completed, the drawings are transferred to the production line. The frame parts are manufactured individually, numbered, packaged and sent to the construction site. The finished profiles already have holes for fastening and engineering communications... Connecting elements are also included in the complex.

It is more difficult with a thermal profile - in most cases, builders are offered ready-made sizes and shapes that should be taken into account when designing. It is best not to change the existing length, cut or shorten anything. In any case, every detail is packed and labeled according to the house project drawings. Builders do not have to select parts - they just need to fasten the profiles with their own hands, according to the marking of individual parts. This approach significantly speeds up the construction process.

Construction from LSTK is arousing more and more interest among modern consumers, due to one important advantage - the possibility of free planning. Lightweight trusses allow spans up to 14 meters in length without additional support elements. The rooms inside the house are very spacious, free, and filled with air.

It should be remembered that what more room, the more difficult it will be to heat them, respectively, the better it is to insulate the walls with your own hands. Non-combustible mineral wool slabs, as well as moisture-resistant expanded polystyrene, ecowool, have proven themselves best of all. LSTK, although not too friendly with other construction materials, is easy to finish, be it a block house imitating a rounded log, or porcelain stoneware, which will give the building the appearance of a solid structure.

The demand for frame houses is explained by the low cost of work and building materials, ease of installation - the whole process can be done by hand, as well as by many other factors. Technologies are constantly being improved, today frame houses from metal profiles have begun to be widely used, we will consider the features of housing construction.

For those who intend to build a building from metal profile, you need to understand the nuances of construction, consider the pros and cons of the technology, as well as the main stages of installing the frame with your own hands. Your own home is not just a place where you can live, it often has a sacred meaning: comfort, home, gathering place. The natural desire to build a warm, strong and reliable home, figuratively speaking, your "fortress". How to do it? Is there a proven technology with which you can really build frame houses from the metal profile of your dreams and with your own hands?

House from a metal profile frame technology Is a prefabricated structure of various elements mounted on the construction site in accordance with the developed project.

In fact, metal profile houses are simplified and reduced versions of skyscrapers and other similar buildings.

If in the construction of large buildings massive rolled steel is used, then light steel thin-walled structures (LSTK) are used for houses made of metal profiles. The only difference is in size and bearing capacity, the material of manufacture remains the same - steel.

• the material has high strength;
• low weight reduces the cost of the structure and reduces the load on the foundation, which makes it possible to make it more economical;
• b Due to its low weight, the LSTK frame reduces the cost of transportation;
• provides high accuracy when installed;
• the metal frame is distinguished by high strength. It is resistant to decay and destructive processes such as fungus or mold;
• easy installation technology frame house from a metal profile allows you to do everything yourself;
• makes it possible to build houses with a free layout and large spans;
• ensures cleanliness at the construction site.

With all this, metal structures have their own disadvantages:

• one of the main hazards is rust, metal susceptibility to corrosion;
• unlike wood, metal does not retain heat and easily passes cold;
• due to the high electrical conductivity, it is necessary to equalize the potential;
  not suitable for installing heavy and bulky elements;
• a certain risk in case of fires: the time for evacuating people is shortened due to the rapid melting of metal structures at extreme temperatures.

However, the simplicity of such construction, its high speed is an obvious advantage of LSTK.

House from a metal profile: technology and stages of construction

The first stage of construction is the design stage, in which the entire plan and the necessary documentation are developed.

Creation of project documentation

It should be noted that in any case - even if you plan to build it yourself - at the design stage you need the help of a specialist. This is due to the fact that the entire structure of the frame is produced in one factory according to the ordered dimensions.

There are three options for action:

• the cheapest option is simply to select the desired item from the catalog of ready-made projects and order all the necessary parts at the factory;
• you can also make some changes to the already finished project... It will be somewhat more expensive, but it will allow you to individualize your future home, adjust to your needs;
• ordering an individual project from specialists is the most expensive option.

Talking about last option, it should be clarified that it provides for:

• facade design;
• floor and roof plans;
• detailed drawings for the frame;
• sometimes a 3-D model of the future building is drawn up.

There is another option - to develop a metal frame project on your own without specialists. Of course, it will be cheaper, but also much more difficult.

Choosing a foundation for a frame house from a metal profile

Construction, of course, begins with the installation of the foundation. In his choice, the features of the land plot, geological activity, and soil features are of primary importance.

For the construction of a frame house from a metal profile with your own hands, two options are optimal:

• shallow strip foundation;
• pile-grillage foundation.

The first type is used in the case of good, durable soil. It fits perfectly under one- and two-story buildings made of lightweight materials.

The second type of foundation is suitable for soils with unstable characteristics, for example, for heaving soils with low strength.

Assembling the structure of the house

From the factory, the elements of the metal-frame structure are supplied in a numbered form. This makes the process of erecting a building frame with your own hands much easier. Another convenience when assembling - all parts are the right size and shape, and there is no need to spend time and effort on trimming and fitting.

The delivered kit contains:

• various frame profiles with holes for connection and communications;
• sets of mounts.

It reminds a child's play of a constructor: just use the instructions, set the profiles in accordance with the project and fix them with connecting elements.

Important: It is preferable to choose a Z-shaped section to create the frame, it has perforations or special grooves.

In another way, this element is called "thermoprofile", it is the most recommended option in the field of private residential housing construction, because, thanks to its design, it is able to retain heat.

Insulation and facade cladding works

Frame sheathing - The final stage assembly.

The technology of work is similar to that used in the construction of timber frame houses.

There are 3 options for cladding:

1. Do-it-yourself assembly of structures.

From the outside, the metal frame is sheathed with a glass-magnesium or profiled sheet, and an external finish is installed on it.

Thermal insulation is laid between the racks: it can be mineral wool or extruded polystyrene foam. You can also use polystyrene - it is much cheaper. The walls must be vaporized from the inside and waterproofed from the outside. On the inside, plasterboard sheathing is covered.

1. Sandwich panels.
   They are manufactured and painted in the specified color at the factory - this significantly speeds up the assembly at home. One of the main advantages of these panels is that they significantly reduce labor costs, since they are both insulation and an element of external decoration.

Other advantages of the panels:

• resistant to the external environment, influences high temperature and fire;
• have high thermal insulation properties;
• environmentally friendly and safe in relation to humans.

1. Heat blocks.
   This is a rather complex multilayer material, "bricks", consisting of layers of porous expanded clay concrete, expanded polystyrene (foam) grade 25 and expanded clay concrete cladding.

Heat blocks are high-tech - they create thermal insulation and an attractive facade. The requirement for construction is that the width of the masonry joints between the blocks can be no more than 5 mm, therefore, instead of the usual mortar, special solutions and adhesives are used. Additional reinforcement is used to strengthen the entire structure. It is made with wire mesh nets in horizontal seams with a diameter of 3 mm.