Do-it-yourself porch with a canopy made of wood for a private house. Closed porch: what it is and how to make it Wooden porch with a platform

The entrance to the house is the business card of the owners, so you need to make sure that it looks presentable. It is difficult to form a favorable impression of the home as a whole, if the porch is built somehow, its design should emphasize the beauty of your home, its style and add a kind of "zest". The times of inharmonious buildings or houses of the same type are in the past - today families want to see their home not only cozy, but also have their own bright individual face.

The first thing that demonstrates this view of things is the neat steps at the entrance. Let's take a closer look at what to opt for if you decide to make a porch to the house with your own hands.

Wooden porch

The most popular and affordable option is the construction of a wooden porch. Most often these simple designs made of pine, it is inexpensive, aesthetically pleasing, and therefore popular.

Pine has a beautiful texture, if you install such a porch properly, carefully open it with varnish or paint it, then it will look great for many years.

Pine steps can be supplemented with handrails, you can equip a special area for relaxation, on which to put chairs, green spaces, decor. V last option the porch will already resemble a small terrace.

Wood can be combined with natural stone, it is relevant in different styles, looks harmonious, suitable for the construction of a platform, as a small decor.

Very often, houses built from wood materials, in fact, repeat the simple and modern urban architecture, although it does not always blend in with the surrounding nature. If this has already happened, and the house for one reason or another was built according to an unpretentious project, the whole thing can save the porch.

It can be stylized antique, carved, decorated big amount decorative elements. It is good if the gate is made in the same style. This option, combined with a well-groomed landscape, will correct the situation, and make your home unlike any other, give it a unique look.

Stone porch

Stone steps are a classic version of a house porch. In addition to durability and strength, the stone is always beautiful, the home will look presentable.

There are many varieties of natural and artificial stone, others are suitable for laying out the base, and others for arranging a decorative element, it all depends on the style of the house.

You can take granite or marble, sandstone, or quartz, dolomite - all these materials and many others are suitable for the implementation of the project. Consider not only beauty, but also practicality. For example, polished granite steps are flawless, but they are very slippery, rubble stone does not look so presentable, but it lasts a long time and it is easy to lay it with your own hands.

Advice! If you wish, you can build a large porch with monumental columns, the main thing is that it fits into the overall style of your home.

Metal and wrought iron porch

As a rule, when they plan to build a forged or metal porch, then they mean exclusively decorative structural elements, such as awnings and railings, less often they make metal steps. However, an all-metal porch looks sophisticated and expensive.

In addition to aesthetics, the undoubted advantage is a high degree of strength and a long service life. With your own hands, if not experience in metalwork, it is difficult to build such a porch. However, you still have to put your hands on it, since it will often have to be painted and processed, otherwise the metal porch will become unusable due to corrosion.

Important! It should be borne in mind that metal steps are cold and slippery, it may be worth equipping the flooring with wood.

Brick porch

An attractive, solid and presentable version of a brick porch is also considered reliable and practical solution for the exterior decoration of the home.

The installation of such a structure will take a lot of time, you will have to make an effort, but the labor will pay off in operation later, because it will not require serious maintenance, additional and constant repairs.

Very often, a brick porch has a concrete base, sometimes the steps are covered with other materials. For example, they can be laid out with tiles, it looks cozy and home-like. Again, as in the options outlined above, you need to ensure that the porch is not excessively slippery, otherwise in winter ice and snow will cause your entrance to the house to be potentially dangerous, especially for children and the elderly.

Concrete porch

Concrete is not only a versatile material, it is reliable, besides, any concrete project becomes a budget by default. A concrete porch is a completely monolithic single structure, it will not stagger over time, like a wooden one.

In addition, the scope for creativity in terms of decorating the porch is almost boundless. Concrete can be shaped to any shape, color or shade, without affecting the overall cost of your project.

A concrete porch is often decorated with tiles. Often found interesting options, which are finished with stone, painted, processed with other materials.

In the most various buildings, wooden, brick, covered with siding, concrete porch can be left without any decor or special coating. The main thing is that it is done carefully, and this will imperceptibly emphasize the decorative features of the house, the texture of the walls, etc.

Porch decoration, a little about the style

Ideally, any home decoration should be competently combined with other elements, not only with the facade, but also with a fence, a gate, even with a path and green spaces. The porch can be decorated in many ways, including tiles or polycarbonate, but this should be appropriate.

The tile is installed on both concrete and brick, this not only increases its attractiveness, but also helps to equip an additional recreation area. Tiles should be carefully styled and colors, in accordance with the selected style of the entire site. Let's take a closer look at some of the styles.

Timeless design classics

The recognizable features of any design in the classical style are severity, refined consistency, harmonious moderation in the decor. Usually, a porch in a house built in a classical style is equipped not only with a canopy, but also complemented by beautiful decorative columns, classic railings with soft balusters.

Traditional Decoration Materials- this is a stone (marble, granite), various ceramic tile as well as painted and carefully processed wood.

In the classical style, decor is quite acceptable, and the owners of houses often like to work on it on their own, which, as a rule, gives the home a unique look and home comfort. It should be remembered that classic style tends to symmetry and correctness, clarity of all lines.

It is better to make the visor above the porch high, and the staircase itself is wide, and not very steep. Beautiful railings with wrought metal elements are always appropriate, the style of which should be repeated in decorative finishing gate.

Country porch

The style of coziness and rustic simple charm is timeless, and it doesn't matter which country is your source of inspiration. A beautiful wooden staircase will ideally fit almost any country style direction, American, English or French.

Finishing in this style is adopted only by natural natural materials, concrete or polycarbonate will have to be abandoned, it will do natural wood, rough stone.

Important! When building a porch with your own hands, you need to ensure that the texture of the living is preserved natural material... Street lamps with diffused yellow light and "grandmother's" rugs on the steps are appropriate in any country.

Porch decorated in Russian style

For a long time in Russia front door in the hut was not just beautiful, but frankly refined. The best craftsmen worked on the construction of the porch; it was decorated with complex carved ornaments and patterns, balusters and pillars of the most complex shapes. Today, the "Russian style" in the decoration of the porch is very popular.

Manual work in this case is not only appropriate, but also desirable, and if you know how to work with wood and can make an openwork porch with your own hands, then it is simply necessary to apply your talents here.

The peculiarity of the "Russian" porch in the classic version is that it is not covered with colored paint, usually transparent varnish is used, since the texture of a living tree should be noticeable. The use of wood stain is allowed, light toning of wood. There are no other strict canons in the styles of decoration, it all depends on the imagination and skill of the author.

Finnish porch

Like almost any direction born in the Nordic countries, this Scandinavian style should demonstrate simplicity, but at the same time reliability and absolute strength.

• When decorating a porch in the Finnish style, you need to adhere to strict moderation and refined brevity. If your small house is finished with siding, then the Finnish porch is the perfect choice.
• The porch (preferably wooden) should be neatly painted in any shade of white, handrails and wide steps are required. From the decor, simple motives on a marine theme are quite appropriate.

French charm in the decoration of the porch

French style suggests a large number of various decorations, for example, in the form of forged ornate gratings on the railings, the same gratings are used to decorate the front door, on which there should be a small glass "window" in the middle.

The French porch is decorated with a variety of curly details; on the wide steps, you need to find a place for several wicker baskets with fresh flowers.

High-tech porch

Taking into account the general style of the high-tech direction, it can be seen that straight and beautiful stairs, made with meticulous detailing. If concrete is not appropriate in country, then here it is more than desirable, especially in combination with shiny metal and glass. The steps should be wide, as this style loves a lot of free empty space.

Black and white color palette complemented by a metallic sheen. It is very cool to decorate the railing with shiny elements of perforated metal, similar to factory blanks. A metal-plastic door will fit such a porch perfectly. As a decoration, it is good to use lamps of the "production" type with white or cold neon light, which are usually mounted in each step of the porch.

How to decorate the porch attached to the house (photo)

The patio porch option has already been considered above, the main decor of such a porch is green spaces and flowers. On such a porch, a special area is made for small decorative pots with flowers or furnishings cozy place for a short break.

Flowers can be placed on specially made forging stands, hung in beautiful pots, placed around the perimeter of the fence, hung at the wall near the very entrance to the house.

Nothing will decorate the entrance to the house like flowers. They are appropriate for any style, if your porch is completely low, you can direct it to the fence climbing roses or clematis, hop branches. All this will not only add coziness to your home, but also create an additional shade on a hot summer day.

Advice! To better protect the entrance to the house from the sun, you can use light fabrics when decorating the porch, this is especially appropriate in the French style and in the country.

When planning additional porch decoration, especially if you have a small patio, get a small size garden furniture... Combined with green spaces, you can get a beautiful and very cozy seating area where you can have a cup of tea in the evening while enjoying the fresh air.

Output! If a theater begins with a coat rack, then a house begins with a porch. Remember this, and do not leave the decoration of the porch "for later". Let your home be cozy and harmonious.

The high foundation of the house, in addition to certain advantages, makes it difficult for residents to get inside, so a porch with steps is a necessity and one should approach its arrangement with all seriousness. Indeed, despite the outward simplicity, this is a rather complex structure. However, knowing how it is arranged according to one way or another, as well as having some skills in handling the tools, will help you cope with the task and build a great porch according to your preferences.

What are the types of porch

In addition to functional qualities, the porch near a private house also performs a decorative function, being, in fact, the “face” of the whole house and enclosing the entire architecture. Therefore, you should think carefully about the decor of the future structure in accordance with the style of the rest of the structure, choosing the most suitable material for this. In the numerous photos presented, it is easy to see certain dependencies: therefore, we will use a simple rule stating that “it is better to see once” than to delve into the intricacies of design art.

Generally, there are three main classifying criteria:

1. By device type.
2. By the building materials used.
3. By the presence / absence of a canopy or canopy over the porch.

In principle, it is not so important for us to know how they differ from each other. simple, attached and built-in porch (the first classification criterion): it is clear that the built-in is an integral part of the house and is designed together with it, and there is no need to deal with the other two - this is the business of professionals, our business is to build.

Of great practical interest to us is the second criterion, which distinguishes four types of porches, depending on the material used:

• wooden;
• concrete;
• metal;
• brick / stone.

We will deal with this. All four types are good as a porch to a private house or country house, the only question is: a) in the price, b) in your specific processing skills and preferences of this or that material, c) the material from which the house is built. Not worth, say, to wooden house attach a concrete porch, while a wooden porch will fit a structure built from any material. Yes, you yourself can see in the pictures, in what conditions it is better to build a porch from this or that material.

Therefore, let's go directly to the issue of the device and technology for the construction of each of the four types of porch, leaving at last the issues of arranging a canopy (canopy) to protect from precipitation and the hot sun.

Wooden porch

Let's start with a wooden porch, since wood is the most available material for most cottage owners or suburban area... Unlike metal or brick with concrete, we all (or almost all) made all kinds of crafts from wooden blocks and planks in childhood and adolescence, so it is quite possible to cope with this material even with basic skills in handling a hacksaw and a hammer with nails. You will also need a square for accurate marking of corners (do not be afraid of calculations, here they will be elementary) and a simple pencil.

Several designs of a wooden porch are available for independent execution, in particular, the arrangement of steps. However, the most common and practical one is based on the so-called. "Kosoura" (it is also sometimes called "bowstring"). Kosour- this is a support beam with corner cuts, on the plane of which the steps are attached. On the proposed diagrams and photos, it can be seen that most often a thick and wide board is taken for a kosour.

The arrangement of a private house completely falls on the shoulders of its owner, and therefore the question of how to build a porch with your own hands still does not lose its relevance. This element of the structure is mandatory, as it allows you to refine the entrance to the room, opens up easy access to it and, moreover, performs many more useful functions. So let's take a closer look at how to build a porch.

Choice of location and materials

Do-it-yourself construction of a porch in front of the house is one of the stages of work on the construction of almost any building. It is sometimes very difficult to do without this element. The porch is a platform in front of front door, most often with steps. It can be completely open, fully or partially covered by a canopy.

The main functions of the porch:

• protects the room from water ingress during significant precipitation;
• provides easy access to the front door, especially when it comes to a house with a high foundation;
• is part of the exterior of the building and plays an important role in the aesthetic plan;
• can serve as a place for a dining area or relaxation, storage of things, etc.

Before deciding to build a porch for a wooden or brick house, you need to determine its size, configuration and location. Basically, it is built in such a way that there is enough space on it not only for opening the door, but also for arranging an outdoor area. It can have a rectangular shape, contain rounds and protrusions. The door can be located both strictly in the center and away from the stairs.

The porch can be located not only from the central entrance. A step area is also required for an alternative exit to the backyard, if available.

Variety of materials for building a porch of a private house

The following materials are most often used for the construction of a porch:

• Wood. Aesthetic and easily processed material. Only hard rocks are used, since the structure is subjected to a large load and the influence of the external environment.
• Concrete. Strong and durable material, allows you to bring out any configuration for the porch. At the same time, it is important to use high-quality raw materials and to reinforce individual areas when pouring concrete.
• Brick. Alternative to concrete. Has a more noble look, it is convenient to work with. However, the main elements are made of concrete and iron reinforcement.
• Metal. It is mainly used for reinforcing flooding platforms and steps, as well as for the construction of external stairs and fences.

Calculations

Before building a porch at the entrance to the house, you should at least roughly outline the area and scale of work. To do this, you need to identify the basic parameters of the porch. First of all, we are talking about its area. It is difficult to determine the optimal value, because it all depends on the area of ​​the site available for construction. In general, there should be enough room on the porch to at least enter the house. Therefore, the distance from the opening to the fence should be taken as a basis.

The porch and staircase at the entrance to the cottage are integral elements of any country house... Moreover, the correct arrangement of the entrance zone significantly affects the general perception of the "picture" of the structure. With all the beauty of the facade and roofing, the "wrong" entrance to the house will destroy all harmony and will look like an alien element. When erecting an entrance group, special requirements are imposed on its design and the choice of materials. After all, the porch and the outer staircase are exposed to the increased influence of adverse weather events.

No homeowner wants to do the annual renovation of a porch that has left the house, or climb an awkward staircase with tiles flying off the steps. Therefore, in this article, based on the practical experience of FORUMHOUSE users, we will answer the following questions:

• How to avoid mistakes when building a foundation under a porch.
• How to repair a crumbling porch and is it worth doing.
• How to calculate the optimal porch width.
• How to make a comfortable entrance staircase.
• How to make a beautiful porch from burnt timber.

Foundation: mistakes and solutions

The most important mistake of any novice developer when building a porch is to treat the choice of the type of foundation as something simple and frivolous, guided by the principle "and so it will do." As a result, the entrance area turns into a real headache... It is worth going through lingering downpours, or spring, as in the villages you can observe the following picture - homeowners begin repairs.

Depending on the severity and neglect of the "disease", the treatment is either cosmetic procedures - patching up cracks, gluing "shot" tiles, or more serious "operations". A porch that has "left" or sagged away from home will be jacked up, dismantled the problem foundation and puzzled over how to make sure that this does not happen again in the future.

An improperly made porch can pull with you facade decoration, the roof (if the supports rest on it rafter system), will lead to deformation of the roofing, etc. Conclusion: do everything right at once, even at the stage of building a house, and not hope for a chance.

Potainoi FORUMHOUSE Member

I conceived the construction of a small cottage made of aerated concrete. The foundation has already been poured - an ordinary tape 1.2 m high, without a porch, because at first, the foundation was erected for another project. Now I am thinking how to "tie" an open porch to the house and avoid mistakes. The problem is that a part of the roof will rest on the porch, through the pillars - the so-called. "cuckoo".

We add that the soil at the user's site is as follows:

• black soil - 0.7 m;
• then loam - 0.3 m;
• further clay - 1-1.3 m.

Moreover, the clay is of such density that, according to the words Potainoi, only chop it with an ax. Level groundwater short. Over the past few winters, the soil has frozen by no more than 0.6 m, although the real depth of freezing in the area of ​​residence is greater. Important: when calculating the depth of the foundation, it is necessary to rely on the tabular data of the climatic zone (the depth of freezing of the soil in a harsh and little snow winter, which can happen once every 15-20 years). Based on these numbers, the user suggested discussing the following solutions for the construction of the foundation on the portal:

• Dig a trench and fill the strip foundation under the entrance group to the depth of freezing.
• Pour concrete piles with a "heel" below the freezing depth and support the "cuckoo" on these pillars.
• Tighten the screw piles.
• Lean the "cuckoo" on the diagonal beams, resting them against the wall or the basement, and "untie" the porch from the roof and the house.

The following tips followed.

Rojer40 FORUMHOUSE Member

I would pour the foundation under the porch to the same depth as the main one, and tie them together in a series of expansion joints, which will give them some movement. I faced a similar problem a few years ago - columnar foundation(flooded below the depth of freezing) together with the porch "left" the house, and the common roof was torn.

A separate foundation, poured below the freezing depth, is not a panacea for the construction of a porch. After all. it is acted upon by the tangential forces of frost heaving, which cannot be balanced by the load / weight from the overlying lightweight structure.

The foundation under the porch (as well as under the house) must be calculated based on the type of soil, its bearing capacity, susceptibility to heaving and the level of groundwater. Therefore, ideally this the foundation is erected as a single / common structure with the main foundation for the house... Or if its construction was left "for later", the foundation under the porch must be "untied" with a foundation for a cottage.

In the above case, the matter was complicated by the fact that the porch takes on the load from the rafter system. With some movement of the untied foundations, the roof may break.

Vit1959 Moderator FORUMHOUSE

Two different foundations will live their own "life". How much different is hard to say. What will happen to them and the roof of the house cannot be guaranteed. I think Potainoi better do the cuckoo on outrigger cantilever beams (the subsequent beam is longer than the previous one) so that the roof is on its own, and the foundation of the porch is on its own.

Potainoi

I will think about how to make outriggers. You just need to calculate all the attachment points and figure out the design.

The foundation under the porch should be viewed as a complex, as unified system working in conjunction with the house.

Repair or break

Sometimes a problem porch can be inherited. And then the homeowner, in addition to the purchased house, receives a "time bomb", which entails a number of problems. This is exactly the situation faced by the user of the portal with the nickname dvauha2, when I bought a finished cottage.

dvauha2 FORUMHOUSE Member

I bought a house. The cottage has an open stone porch without a canopy. It is not related to the foundation of the house. The problem is that it is gradually deteriorating. Water flows into the foam seam between the porch and the house and runs under the foundation. The top step is falling apart. Now I am limited in finances, and I would not like to engage in drastic alterations. I am thinking of making a visor so that water does not fall on the problem node, and seal the gap. Or the miser pays twice, and you have to demolish everything and build the porch again?

Portal users actively participated in the discussion of the situation and suggested different ways out. Member of the portal with a nickname Detonator, according to him, faced a similar problem. The porch of his house did not have a canopy. Rotted over time wooden railing... Then the tiles flew off the steps. They did not redo the foundation. They erected a visor and repaired the steps.

Two years later, two lower steps left the porch. Then they decided to apply a radical "treatment" of the foundation - a steel tie was laid from below on both sides (a channel or corner, screwing it to concrete, the alteration took place without participation Detonator) and tiled everything.

Detonator FORUMHOUSE Member

The winter passed without problems, let's see what happens next.

It is cheaper to make a normal porch right away than to engage in costly alterations.

Back in the situation dvauha2. On the advice of users, he slightly disassembled the porch from above from one corner in order to understand its construct. It turned out the following: under the screed - the upper part of the slab, filled with uncombined sand, which gradually pours into the gap between the porch and the house.

The lower part of the step is covered with asphalt crumbs and is now a monolithic base for the second step.

There is no insulated blind area. As a result, the porch "walks" and the gap widens.

dvauha2

I am racking my brains about how to properly pair the house and the porch, and how best to seal this gap.

Dgusepe Moderator FORUMHOUSE

I think the gap is not foamy, tk. any filling can work like a wedge, and when the soil heaves, the porch will "float away" again. The gap can be simply closed with a decorative strip.

As a result dvauha2 decided not to constantly repair the problem porch, but to demolish it and rebuild a high-quality one. Moreover, it turned out that the bricks at the steps were cracked, and the sand that was poured inside the entire structure was not rammed at all. Sand under the “tambura” slab is also not compacted, and after the structure was broken, it began to spill out, and the slab eventually hangs in the air.

dvauha2

So far I have made a temporary staircase to the house from a board with a section of 5x15 cm. I decided - I will make a normal porch with a small vestibule.

How to calculate the entrance staircase, the optimal width of the porch and avoid "shooting off" decorative tiles

When erecting an open porch, it should be remembered that even with a visor, it is still subject to the negative effects of snow, rain and wind. This accelerates its wear. Therefore, when choosing materials for construction, you need to give preference to those that have a long service life. But sometimes, choosing high-quality ceramic tiles or stone for facing steps and a platform, the developer is faced with an unpleasant phenomenon - the so-called. "Shooting". Tiles are constantly falling off or cracking.

Most often, bad glue, weather, finishers, etc. are blamed for this, forgetting about one possible reason... The following happens - a porch and a staircase are being erected (we are talking about a stone porch and a concrete staircase). Tiles are glued to the steps, but because builders "forgot" to make waterproofing, which will cut off wet soil from concrete base; moisture coming from the ground gradually saturates the concrete. Because ceramic tiles are vapor and waterproof, moisture has nowhere to go. It accumulates at the base-tile border. At negative temperatures, the water freezes, increases in volume, and the topcoat flies off the base.

To prevent this from happening, at the border - a prepared and compacted base - a concrete porch / staircase, a reliable waterproofing is made.

In addition to a competent construct, do not forget about the convenience of its use. One of the most frequently asked questions: what size to make the entrance area. The depth can be calculated by multiplying the door width by 1.5. With a door leaf width of 1 meter the depth of the site must be at least 1.5 m.

This principle will avoid the situation when, when the door is open, standing on the upper platform, a person, in order to enter the house, is forced to go down one step. If you save on the size of the site and its depth, then it becomes much more difficult to lift bulky items into the house - furniture, engineering equipment. Even bringing in a couple of bulk bags from the grocery store will become uncomfortable. The platform itself can be square with equal sides. With a door width of 1 meter, the upper platform is 1.5x1.5 m.

Moreover, the height of the porch is calculated in such a way that the top of the platform is about 5 cm below the door sill. So snow and water will not get into the house. To build a comfortable entrance staircase, as a guide, you can be guided by the following principles:

• Immediately we estimate how many sides the staircase goes to - one, two or three.
• The optimal angle of inclination (rise) of the stairs is maintained within 30-45 degrees. It is difficult to climb stairs with an angle of more than 45 degrees. A staircase with an angle of inclination of less than 30 degrees is flat and requires more space.
• The width of the tread is within 25-30 cm. The height of the step rise is 15-20 cm.

Practice shows that the optimal comfortable height the rise of the step is within 15-17 cm. The width of the tread is about 30 cm. The removal of the step is no more than 3 cm.

It is better if the number of steps is odd, because it is more convenient to start and end climbing stairs with one and the same foot. The number of steps can be calculated by dividing the estimated structure height by the step height. Knowing the estimated number of steps and the width of the tread, you can calculate the length of the flight of stairs.

Porch and staircase made of burnt timber

At the end of the article, we will give an example of a creative approach to arranging a beautiful open porch and stairs, which were erected from burnt deciduous timber Green0568.

A timber with a section of 20x15 cm was used for the manufacture of the entrance group.

The timber is fastened together with wood grouses on polyurethane glue. Through one capercaillie dowels are hammered. There is a jack under the fourth step in the middle, and two jacks under the third, which are indented along the edges.

Summarizing

In order to obtain a high-quality result during the construction of a porch and an entrance staircase, knowledge and practical experience are required. The entrance area can be as simple - made of boards or welded from corners and channels, and more complex - stone - with a monolithic staircase and forged elements. But it all starts with calculating and comparing different options.

You can get ideas for construction, ask a question of interest or find the optimal construct on our portal. There are dozens of options for arranging the entrance area at FORUMHOUSE. Read, and. We also recommend articles about and. In the video - an extension of a wooden two-story porch and a balcony to a log house.

The entrance group and the facade of the house are those structures that experience the maximum impact of aggressive natural factors in the form of wind, rain, snow, and sunlight. And there is also a considerable mechanical load on the porch.

Visors and awnings help to reduce negative atmospheric influences on it, but only partially. But the closed porch to the house is much better protected, therefore it lasts longer without repair and reconstruction.

Closed can be considered any porch, protected from all sides and from above from weather phenomena. That is, a closed-type porch is, as it were, located in a separate room, specially attached to the house for it or designed even before the construction of the entire building began.

At the same time, it can be located in the vestibule, in a separate annex or on the veranda. These premises may or may not have an entrance door to the street, be cold or heated.

Advice. If the entrance is on the leeward side, the opening leading to the porch does not need to be closed by a door.

Design solutions for a closed porch

The exterior of this structure should be combined with the general appearance of the house. But this does not mean at all that a closed porch of a house should be built from the same material as the main building.

However, if the aesthetics of the building is important to you, it is advisable to combine the house and the annex to it with some common element.

This could be:

• The roof is made of one material;
• Windows of the same shape, located on the same level;
• Facade color, etc.

Some pretty good options are listed below:

More daring projects of a closed porch attached to the house are also possible. For example, it can be wooden with brick or stone facades, if wooden elements are also present in the exterior decoration of the house - shutters, balcony railing, pediment, etc.

Now you can often find a porch for a private house closed with metal-plastic structures with glazing or polycarbonate on a wooden or metal frame.

In a word, the design of a closed porch can be anything, as long as the owner likes it and suits the price of the building.

Technical features

The requirements for the construction of a closed porch are the same as for any other extension to the house, since in fact it is the same thing, just with a staircase inside.

Specifically, closed porch projects should be designed in compliance with the following conditions:

• The structure must be strong and reliable enough to withstand possible loads.

Note. First of all, this concerns the roof of the extension, which is experiencing increased loads in the form of snow, rain and wind. Therefore, when deciding how to close the porch from the rain, you need to choose materials and shapes that correspond to the climatic zone and the peculiarities of the weather conditions in the region.

• A closed annex should be well connected to load-bearing wall the main building. And the joints between them should not let sediment inside.

• The interior space should be well lit, for which it is necessary to conduct light into the vestibule and equip it with windows or other translucent structures.

How to close the porch with your own hands

You can make a porch closed for a private house in different ways.

The choice depends on various factors:

• The location of the entrance group;
• Forms of the main building;
• Materials selected for construction;
• Porch heights;
• The presence of a porch in general.

Pay special attention to the last point. If you already have a staircase, you may be able to make a closed porch with your own hands, using existing structures.

For example:

• Install a glazed metal-plastic fence with an entrance door on the platform or steps, bringing it under an existing canopy or canopy. This is exactly what the owners of the houses did from the following pictures: two simple rectangular structures - and the entrance is reliably protected from bad weather.

And the next one.

• Use the railing and porch railings as a base for installing an arched polycarbonate roof. This is perhaps the simplest and budget way how to close the porch from rain and snow.

If you decide to completely renovate the entrance group or add a porch to a new house, then you will first have to think about creating a solid foundation.

More details about the construction of the porch are described in the video in this article.

Closed porch foundation

A solid foundation is necessary so that both the staircase itself and its enclosing structures do not "walk" relative to the house. Most often it is made monolithic, plate type.

A brief instruction on its device is as follows:

• The first step is to complete the project, at least by hand. It is needed in order to understand what a closed porch will have;
• According to the parameters of the future building, dig a pit, the depth of which depends on the weight of the porch and the load on the base. Usually 50-80 cm is enough;
• Reinforce the walls of the pit with formwork;
• Pour and compact a layer of crushed stone about 20 cm thick at the bottom of the pit;
• Lay a sand pillow on top of the crushed stone with a layer of up to 15 cm. It must be spilled with water and also tamped;
• Place on the pillow metal carcass from reinforcement with a section of 10-12 mm;

• Pour concrete into the pit, compacting it layer by layer with a bayonet.

Advice. If a concrete staircase is planned for the porch, it is better to fill it at the same time as the foundation. This will make the structure monolithic and shorten the construction time, since the concrete must dry within a month.

Walls and roof

After the concrete gains strength, you can start building the walls, having previously covered the base with waterproofing materials. As mentioned above, the enclosing structures can be made of any material:

As you can see, a closed porch in a private house, depending on the selected materials, can be a fairly light structure, and a whole additional room attached to the house. But in any case, it must be securely connected to the main walls.

In case of brick extension, it will be necessary to drive pins from the reinforcement into the facade during the construction of the walls so that they end up in the seams between the rows of masonry. Such a bunch is done every 5-6 rows.

The roof also needs the same reliable fastening. If the annex is single-pitched, then the support bar under the upper ends of the rafters is mounted on the facade of the house.

Interior finishing includes facing steps and stair landings, lining the ceiling, heating and power supply. Although if the vestibule is not heated, most of the work from this list can be excluded.

Conclusion

You can also see how to make an extension to the house with your own hands. For example, a terrace, vestibule or veranda. Then combine these structures and get a closed porch, protected from the vagaries of nature from all sides.