Make a country table. Diy table for giving (44 photos): choice of materials and tools

Of course, today everyone has the opportunity to buy any furniture in the store, including a table. But why not make it yourself, with your own hands?

This is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. In addition, you have the opportunity to make a table that will ideally fit in size and appearance to the interior of your kitchen or other room.

In addition, do-it-yourself furniture is not only money saving, but also some kind of one, but a reason for pride, since nowadays not every man knows how to make something.

What are the tables

If you decide from the boards with your own hands, then you need to figure out what types of tables there are, and decide what exactly you need.

The simplest is a regular table with four legs, a table top and a frame. It will not be difficult to make it even for someone who is not experienced in woodworking.

If you are experienced enough in this matter, then you can make the dining table round or oval, decorate it with carvings, painting or burn patterns and patterns on the surface.

A more difficult option is from boards. In fact, this is the same ordinary table, but rather thick and long crossbars are attached to its legs, on which the seat boards are laid on top. This gives us a table with benches on both sides. Such furniture is well suited both for the kitchen and for installation in the courtyard of a private house or summer cottage.

If there is only free space in the room in the corner - do corner table that fits perfectly into this unoccupied space. It may not be so convenient to dine at it as at a classic table, but you can put a TV, microwave or kettle on it - there will be enough space.

Another interesting option can become a table-sill.

In fact, this is the same window sill, but significantly expanded and adapted, for example, for a comfortable workplace for the student.

The advantage of this solution is that the table will be well lit most of the day.

There is also a minus: sitting at such a table in winter, you will have to rest your feet on a very warm, even hot radiator, which is not very convenient.

Materials and tools

Buying everything you need to make a table with your own hands is quite simple and will not be difficult or costly. The main material for the dining table is wood, or rather:

Planks 25 to 50 millimeters thick, 100–150 millimeters wide, rather long.
The thicker the material for the table top, frame and legs, the heavier, but also more durable they will be.
Choose boards from good tree, without any defects.
Bar. It is necessary for making table legs, so choose thick and sturdy samples. The timber can be replaced with the same planks by positioning them with the letter "G", or using commercially available aluminum table legs. You can also use balusters as legs (curly carved wooden posts that support the railing on some stairs).
Chipboard or plywood sheets, which can be used as materials for countertops. Choose specimens that are thick and sturdy enough to withstand daily stress.

As with materials, and DIY tools and fasteners are easy to get, they are in most homes. If something is missing, you can buy it at the nearest hardware store.

pencil, corner, roulette and a ruler;
jigsaw or hacksaw on wood;
screwdriver with a set of attachments and drills;
plane, if it is necessary to pre-process the boards from irregularities and defects;
kit self-tapping screws, furniture bolts and nuts;
sandpaper or Sander;
varnish or stain, roller or tassel for processing the finished table.

Attention! When working with the jigsaw, always remember the safety rules and do not allow small children or pets to be near!

Simple kitchen table made of boards

First, we need to make a tabletop.
There are several options here:

Cut a piece of the desired size from a sheet of chipboard or plywood using a jigsaw;
Lay several planks that are wide enough and subsequently fix them on the frame;
Take a large number of relatively narrow boards, place them side up and glue together with wood glue.
The end result is a fairly thick, heavy and sturdy tabletop.

Stages of work

Step 1. We collect from boards countertop.

Step 2. We make a frame from boards or their wooden blocks. In size, it can be made equal to the table top or with a slight indent, about 2–2.5 centimeters on each side of the table. Having fastened the parts of the frame with screws, connect the frame with the tabletop with them.

Step 3. After we With put the frame and the tabletop together, half of the table is already ready. It remains only to make his legs. If a timber is used for this, drill two holes for the furniture bolts in it. Moreover, they can be made both on one side, one above the other, and on two different sides for a more reliable attachment to the frame.

Important! Carefully check the length of the table legs, they should not differ from each other. Otherwise, the table will be uneven and wobbly. If you do not want it not to spoil the floor material, attach rubber “shoes” to the lower part of the legs.

Then make similar holes in the table frame and fasten the legs and frame with bolts and nuts. Also, the legs can be fixed from above using screws, but over time, such fastening may weaken.

If you want to make table legs from planks, fold two planks with the letter "L" on the outer or inner corner of the frame and fix them using the same furniture bolts or screws.

To prevent the legs from loosening, connect the folded boards to each other in the lower and middle parts using screws or nails.

That's it, simple and reliable, DIY, ready!

Advice: Before you start, make a simple drawing, preferably from several sides. Check the dimensions of the parts constantly. Some parts of the same size can be cut at the same time if you fix the boards or timber with clamps.

Pallet table

Wooden pallets are widely used in shops and warehouses as cargo pallets.

If you wish, you can get several pieces for free and use them as a basis for making an original and unusual kitchen table.

If at least one side of the pallet surface is solid, then you no longer need to make a tabletop, it is ready.

You just need to process it and, if desired, round the corners.

Note! Since the pallets are originally intended for warehouses, no one is involved in grinding and cleaning them. Therefore, before you knock a table out of them, carefully sand them and remove all burrs. Unevenness and defects of the boards can be hidden with putty.

Stages of work

Step 1. Most pallets are open and there is a large enough space between the boards. distance, because of which to use the surface of the pallet as countertop not very convenient. There are two ways to solve this problem: either make boards appropriate size and anchor their screws between the pallet boards, or install a sheet on top plywood or chipboard.

Step 2. As for the usual table, table legs from pallets can be made from timber or boards. The best thing to fasten them with thick enough and strong pallet timber with nails, screws or furniture bolts.

To prevent the legs from loosening, connect them with crossbars.

How to make a table for the country. DIY garden table and benches. It will be about installing a new table with benches in the garden at the dacha. To unite the family, it was decided to carry out the installation of a new table by collective efforts. The old wooden table, according to the quickly erected scheme, ceased to suit, it had to be updated every 5-7 years. In the construction of the table and benches, new and traditional Construction Materials- metal and wood. The table turned out to be reliable and, in comparison with the previous versions, it will last a long time. Detailed step-by-step instruction with photos and videos.

How to make a table with benches with your own hands

The design of the table was developed by collective efforts, taking into account material capabilities, skills and the availability of tools. The table is made and probably the choice of a design option is no longer worth discussing. Old table was built of wood. Untreated pillars were buried in the ground under the open sky, and benches and table-tops were attached to them. The life of the pillars is 5-7 years, depending on the thickness, the boards could withstand up to 10-12 years. The table and benches were actively used from April to early October. Table and benches all year round exposed to precipitation in the form of snow and rain. New table made on metal frame, and the flooring of the table and benches from boards. The boards are dismantled in October and removed to a protected place, and in the spring they are fixed back to the frame. In this way, the life of the flooring and the entire table is extended. For critics, I want to say that there is a resting place under a canopy in the garden ( ).

Pile "Juventa"

Materials for building a table and benches:

Six screw piles "Juventa" for the installation of a fence, 2400 mm long, head with a section of 50 × 50 mm;
10 — 12 edged boards 2000 mm long with a section of 150 × 50 mm, to speed up the work it is better to purchase planed ones, pay attention to the thickness of the boards - it should be the same;
metal pipe of square section 60 × 60 mm, length 4 m;
metal corner with a shelf 40-5о mm, length 3.5 m;
paint for metal 1 liter;
yacht varnish 1-4 liters;
paint brush;
solvent for paint and varnish 0.5-1 l;
self-tapping screws for fixing boards 50 pieces;
cement, sand

Tool for building table structure:

Welding inverter;
a circular saw;
laser level, tape measure, bubble level;
electric planer;
grinder with cutting and grinding discs;
screwdriver with a set of drills and bits.

Diy instructions for making a table with benches

A drawing was prepared to set up the table. See the photo. The width of the table is 1100 mm (6 boards 150 mm wide and one 200 mm wide). When changing the width of the table, pay attention to the distance between the uprights of the bench and the table.

The place of installation of the table was chosen a long time ago, under the crowns of apple trees and next to artificial pond with fish. In place, pegs mark the pile installation locations.
Installing Juventa piles. For this, a wrapping device was made from a piece of pipe 60 × 60 mm. See photos and videos. In view of the peculiarities of my area, which are detailed during construction on sandy soil, I had to make recesses for each pile. Without this deepening, the pile would have collapsed even before it was fully twisted. Deepening done gasoline hole ... The pile recesses of the bench are dug at right angles. And for two piles of the table at a certain angle towards each other. This was done deliberately to make the table more stable.

Digging a hole with a motor drill

Piles "Juventa" for the table
The twisting of the Juventa piles was carried out according to the standard scheme. Watch the video. Be sure to control your efforts so as not to destroy the pile until it is fully twisted. In my case, it was a collective effort. When twisting, one should try to comply with the designated points of the pile location and their slope. Small imperfections in accuracy can be compensated for during subsequent assembly. The subtleties of work, look at video example .

Pile "Juventa" twisted
After twisting the piles of the pit covered with sand layer by layer with humidification and ramming.
For a long service life of the piles, the inner space of the pile is necessary, small mechanization was applied. After concreting, we close the heads from the effects of precipitation and let the concrete harden. Immediately it is necessary to clean the piles from contamination.

Pile concreting
Chop square pipes 60 × 60 mm for 4 pieces of 550 mm and 2 pieces of 900 mm.
We insert pipes into the pile heads at a distance of 10-20 mm from the ground.
We weld pipes 60 × 60 mm to the heads, while using the mounting gap, we eliminate inaccuracies in the installation of piles. Try to install the racks of the benches strictly vertically, and the racks of the table are coaxial to each other. Welding was carried out at 6-8 points at the points of contact between the head and the stand. We immediately clean the welding places of scale.

The posts are welded to the piles
mark the pipe cutting lines. Do it exactly. The level of trimming from the ground surface of the bench stands is 500 mm, the table stands are 760 mm.
With a grinder with a cutting disc, we cut the racks according to the markings. You need to trim it carefully and accurately. The surface of each cut must be horizontal. Angles will be installed and welded to the ends of the racks.
We cut the corners. The size of the corners for attaching the bench boards is 250-300 mm, only 4 pieces are needed. The table will require two corners 1000-1100 mm each (determined by the selected table width). The edges of the corners in the vertical plane are cut to a cone, and all the edges are rounded. The surface must be smooth and free from burrs.
We weld the corners to our uprights, controlling the horizontal plane of the shelf along two axes using a bubble level. Just in case, gussets are welded to strengthen the place of welding to the rack. When welding the corners of the benches, the center of the welding of the corner can be slightly shifted to compensate for errors in the installation of the pile (the distance of the table post from the bench post).

Welding corners

The corners are welded to the uprights
I used the boards for the table and benches from the remains of the construction of a frame house. The boards were not planed. Therefore, half a day was devoted to the partial planing and sanding of the boards.
Trying on the boards, putting them on the corners. Bench boards should be parallel to the table boards. The boards are marked for later assembly. The position of the boards at the corners is also marked.

Fitting boards
We mark holes on the corners for self-tapping screws for fixing the boards. A total of 14 holes for the corner of the table and 4 holes for the corner of the bench. We drill holes.

Drilling holes in the corner

Holes on the corner of the bench

Holes in the corner of the table
The boards are impregnated with an antiseptic and, after drying, are covered with paint or varnish. I covered the boards with yacht varnish.
Simultaneously with the varnishing of the boards, the racks and corners are painted with protective paint. To prevent water from getting inside the racks, plugs are made ( polyurethane foam) to the ends of the pipes.

It is quite possible to make a wooden outdoor table for a summer residence with your own hands. For this, ready-made or independently developed drawings are used. To make a beautiful wooden table for use on the street yourself, you need to purchase high-quality material and follow the manufacturing rules.

Beautiful and comfortable country table- an irreplaceable attribute of summer holidays. When choosing a finished product, you need to decide on the dimensions, and also with the following parameters:

using a piece of furniture outdoors or indoors;
the maximum number of people able to sit at the table;
the budget allocated for the acquisition.

The table top and body of an outdoor piece of furniture can be made of different types material:

plastic models are ideal for use in the country. The advantages are affordable cost, relative compactness and lightness. They are usually round or oval in shape and can accommodate about six to eight people. Despite the stylish appearance, are characterized by a not too long service life. The disadvantages include the tendency to destruction as a result of the negative effects of direct sunlight. Also, a lightweight structure can turn over in case of strong gusts of wind, the need to use the most flat surface for installation and susceptibility to damage, which is accompanied by a rapid loss of the original aesthetic appearance;

wood models look very organic even in a modern suburban landscape. Such pieces of furniture perfectly complement the garden plantings. Such models are quite expensive. The disadvantages of natural wood include the ability to collapse and be warped under the influence of water and temperature extremes, and the legs pressed into the soil can rot, therefore, it is required to regularly carry out treatment with antiseptics;
graceful metal models are of high quality and incredible durability. Such furniture looks especially beautiful against the background of forged fences and decorative elements. Such tables are notable for their considerable weight, as well as very high cost. Often modern models are a very successful combination of metal with wood or glass countertops.

If you plan to use the table in suburban conditions all year round, then the best option would be a metal structure, which is very resistant to any unfavorable external factors. Legs metal structure can even be concreted, which will add additional stability to the piece of furniture.

How to make a wooden table for a summer residence with your own hands

Tables made of wooden planks are very often self-made. Of course, this option will require sufficient care throughout the entire period of operation, but it will allow you to give the adjoining territory in the country bright style and identity. Among other things, you can build the simplest models with your own hands with little investment of time and money, even in the absence of professional skills and special tools.

Making a drawing of the table with dimensions

Scheme self assembly may already be ready, but to receive original table with the most suitable dimensions and shape of the countertop, you need to complete the drawing yourself. When drawing up a drawing, it is recommended to focus on the standard dimensions of such an item country furniture 178x95x77.5 cm.

Required tools and materials

To make beautiful and practical table made of wood for a summer residence, you need to prepare:

roulette;
pencil;
saw;
drill or screwdriver;
building level.

Work must be carried out in standard goggles and gloves. When making you need to use the building materials presented:

a pair of boards with dimensions 85x10x2.5 cm;
a pair of boards with dimensions 153x10x2.5 cm
four boards with dimensions of 168x10x2.5 cm;
four boards with dimensions of 75x10x5 cm;
board 95x10x2.5 cm - 17 pcs;
fastening tools in the form of nails, screws and bolts;
glue for woodwork.

It is also necessary to purchase antiseptic compounds for wood processing, varnish for wood or special paint and brushes in advance.

How to make a table with your own hands (video)

Getting Started: Making Wooden Outdoor Table Parts

All elements in the form of wooden planks must be flat, of natural moisture, from high-quality hardwood. If necessary, before assembly, the boards must be aligned and, if necessary, sanded. To obtain a durable structure, you should thoroughly process the wood with antiseptics.

It is not recommended to impregnate wood with oil compounds., which have proven themselves very well when operating in high humidity conditions, but increase the level of flammability and give the structure an unpleasant and rather persistent odor that lasts for a long time. After applying water-soluble impregnations, it is imperative to apply a layer of a special glazing antiseptic, which makes it possible to impart high decorative properties to the product and contributes to additional protection.

Assembling and fastening the main elements

At the first stage of the independent manufacture of a wooden outdoor country table, the frame base of the piece of furniture is assembled. It is to the frame base that the boards will subsequently be fixed to create the table top and, as well as the table legs. The frame base traditionally consists of four rounded and even, longitudinal boards measuring 168x10x2.5 cm and a pair of end boards measuring 85x10x2.5 cm.

The assembly must be carried out on the most even surface, fixing the end elements to the longitudinal boards using galvanized self-tapping screws and an adhesive. Very important prevent the base from skewing during assembly and fastening. After checking it diagonally, additional boards of 153x10x2.5 cm are necessarily fixed, which will make it possible to give the assembled structure additional rigidity, as well as hide the areas of attachment of the legs.

The table top is assembled from boards measuring 95x10x2.5 cm. The boards can be fixed with either galvanized nails or self-tapping screws. It is imperative to leave a gap of 0.5 cm between the elements of the tabletop. The legs are attached with self-tapping screws or bolted connections. The second option is more preferable and allows you to get a removable model, convenient for transportation and storage.

Installation of amplifiers - a guarantee of the durability of the table

If there is a need to obtain the most massive and durable structure, then amplifiers are used. To install such parts, it is necessary to turn the product upside down. The transverse reinforcements are nailed down in the middle of the countertop, and the corners of the reinforcements are sawn off to save space. A pair of reinforcements with a notched cutout that follows the crossbars of the countertop is nailed to the sides.

How to protect the table from external factors

Unfavorable weather conditions, represented by sun, rain and temperature changes, are an aggressive environment for wooden structures used in outdoor conditions. To protect wooden products and extend their service life, special film coatings and various impregnating compounds are used. Most often used protective films based on polyurethane. The disadvantages of such a film coating are loss of appearance, decrease in efficiency and wear after a certain time. Impregnants for wood protection are represented by a mixture based on oils and repellent solutions. Both the one and the other option of protection from external adverse factors has proven itself well, but requires periodic updates.

Wooden outdoor table: drawing (video)

We make a wooden country table from what is at hand

As a material for creating a wooden country table, a variety of improvised means are very often used. Incredibly stylish and very reliable slab tables - an option that you can make yourself with some woodworking skills. In this case, you need to be prepared for the fact that the technology for manufacturing tabletops based on saw cuts is distinguished by its characteristic specifics and is rather laborious, but the resulting finished product will be unique and inimitable.

Very original in garden design the designs look:

from timber for true fans of natural materials;
from several stumps or bobbins;
from old window frames with glass top;
from boxes, complemented by various decorative elements;
from an old wooden chest with forged items.

Tables made from pallets are also widely used. The fashion for such products came from Asia, where such furniture items are very often made for lack of free funds. When creating such an option, you can show all your imagination, but it is very desirable to replace the nails from the pallets with self-tapping screws, and all fastenings of the frame and boards must be reinforced with special furniture corners. If desired, the structure can be supplemented with ordinary furniture wheels, which make the table mobile and convenient to use.

How to make a metal table with a wood top

One of the interesting and durable options garden furniture. For self-production you will need:

metal-profile pipe or high-quality rolled metal products of sufficient cross-section;
primer for working with metal surfaces;
paint on metal surfaces and brushes;
chalk or light marker;
flat surface for the stencil;
wooden table top;
bars and adhesive for fixing the countertop.

The tool can be represented by a welding machine, grinder, metal saw, hammer, screwdriver, screws and bolts. The metal is preliminarily cleaned of rust and dirt with a steel brush, after which a frame is created in accordance with the stencil.

Welding must be done carefully to avoid the formation of weld build-up. The entire structure is cleaned with a metal brush, after which it is primed and painted. After the paint has completely dried, the tabletop is fixed, which also needs to be treated with special antiseptics, and then varnished or painted.

Diy log table (video)

Self-production country furniture made of wood is a very interesting and creative process, accessible even to beginners. Such natural material goes well with metal, glass, and plastic, which allows you to create original, unusual and very decorative solutions with your own hands.

The word dacha is associated with everyone small garden, a vegetable garden and a comfortable seating area. After all, after working in the garden, you really want to relax in nature, have a barbecue and just relax with your family.

To equip a recreation area, you need to build a gazebo or make a canopy and set up with a bench or chairs.

Such a piece of furniture does not have to be bought ready-made in the store. You can do it yourself if you stock up on free time, drawings, tools.

A feature of tables for outdoor use is their:

The table at the dacha can be made from different materials:

wood;
vines;
metal;
natural or artificial stone.

Each individual option has its own advantages. But the most it is wooden models that are in great demand... Since it is pleasant and convenient to work with wood, and you can make a product of any complexity on your own, without much effort.

What kind of wood to make?

Before starting the construction of a country table, carefully select the wood. Since from her technical characteristics the service life of the product, its durability and appearance will depend. Most often, outdoor furniture is made from:

Concerning advantages wooden outdoor furniture made of any wood species, then these include:

TO disadvantages wooden products relate:

the likelihood of ignition;
insect damage;
the likelihood of rotting.

Advice: in order to increase the resistance of the tree to all negative factors, it must be treated with special means.

Also, most people attribute them to the disadvantages of country tables made of wood. heavy weight... But such products are installed on the street once a year. At the request of the owners, for the winter they can be removed in summer kitchen or any household. construction.

Attention: placing a wooden table in the open air, it is necessary to think over the space for water drainage.

Dimensional drawing

To make a table with your own hands, you will need to draw up a drawing. This will prevent mistakes during the workflow and make furniture much faster. This drawing should have the following designations:

length of the product;
width;
depth;
height.

Also in the drawing should be noted the materials of their manufacture. For furniture for 8-10 people, the optimal countertop size will be 80 by 120 cm.

Important: the dimensions of the table for the summer cottage are calculated based on the needs of users and the availability of free space on summer cottage.

If there is a lot of free space, you can assemble a spacious suburban table with benches... The advantages of this design include:

spaciousness;
stability;
ease of use.

Some people prefer tables with ice box... Such designs are convenient. In the summer heat, they can be used to cool drinks. This model is practically no different from a product with benches. Only in the middle of the table top is an ice box made. Instead of an ice box, you can build a table with flowers. In the middle of the countertop you will have a beautiful flower bed.

If there is free space on personal plot a little, it is worth stopping the choice on folding model furniture. It is different:

compact size and ergonomics;
light weight;
different transformation options.

Important: for the manufacture of countertops, it is worth choosing a board with a thickness of 3-5 cm.

Tools and supplies

Of the tools for making a wooden table, you need to prepare:

From the materials we need:

lumber;
furniture glue.

Manufacturing and assembly

The main components tables are:

supporting frame;
countertop;
support bars.

The table assembly process is carried out in the following sequence:

It will look very attractive at the summer cottage round table... For him you need to prepare:

base;
racks;
countertop;
base for the countertop.

The build phase will consist of the following sequence:

How to paint garden furniture

Because garden table will be located in the open air, it will be affected by increased moisture and sudden changes in temperature. Also, the tree will succumb to the attack of pests.

You can extend the life of the country table using different impregnation, paint, varnish.

For this it is worth using a special exterior paint.

Photo

Real craftsmen can make works of art out of simple outdoor furniture:

Useful video

All steps are shown in detail in the following video:

Conclusion

In conclusion, it is worth noting that you can make a country table with your own hands in a fairly short time. For this, a drawing of the future product is created, consumables and tools are selected. With a competent approach to assembling a table for a summer residence, you will build an attractive and practical product for which your friendly family will gather every weekend for a summer and pleasant vacation.

In contact with

The table is the second object after the stool, which should be tackled by a novice amateur furniture maker. The design of a simple table is no more complicated than that of a stool; an unpretentious comfortable table for a dacha or for a picnic can be built in half a day using a hacksaw, hammer and drill. But a table made according to the same technology and slightly ennobled can look great at home, on the left in the figure, instead of an expensive purchase. However, the table also gives great freedom of creative expression, it can be a significant and even key element of interior design, it is not for nothing that handicraft furniture makers are called carpenters, and not sofa chairs, cupboards or bedside tables. Having dabbled in the carpentry craft, you can eventually take on exclusive tables, the rest of the pos. in the same place.

This article looks at how to make wood tables. Wood is an environmentally friendly, affordable and easily processed material with remarkable aesthetic benefits. In utilitarian products, she forgives rather gross mistakes for beginners, but delicate woodwork requires high skill. Having learned how to make wooden things, then it will be much easier to master glass, metal and plastic.

Tool and workshop

To make a table with your own hands, you need a separate living rooms production room: woodwork is known to be dusty. Moreover, such good means tinting and protecting wood, like stains, emit harmful fumes during the staining process; nitro lacquers too, although to a lesser extent. Therefore, home carpentry should be well ventilated, and preferably with forced ventilation... You can use the garage, but there will be a lot of sawdust, and they will not benefit the car. Better to work in a barn; if it is not yet there, then it can be built, but on the farm it will come in handy for a lot.

An ordinary carpentry tool, on the left in the figure, is enough for a start. But the work will go much faster, and the result will be better if modern achievements are brought in to help, on the right in the same place:

Swivel miter box, pos. 1, allows you to make cuts exactly in size and angle in 2 planes. It is advisable to take it with a complete bow saw, so everything together will be cheaper, and the work is more precise. The miter box is a universal device, it will always come in handy and it is better to buy it.
A manual jigsaw with a tilting shoe, pos. 2, which allows you to cut at an angle to the vertical plane.
Disc grinder, pos. 3 and 4, the beginner is given the opportunity to get the surface of a wooden surface in 5-15 minutes, on which an experienced carpenter with a skin in his hand will take at least an hour, and a strip, pos. 5, also quickly and efficiently process the ends; there are also belt sander for grooves and recesses with a protruding working body. These are already specialized tools, unsuitable for other works, and quite expensive, so at first it is better to rent them. True, the masters are still successfully brushing with grinders, i.e. artificially aging, wood, but this is a delicate work.
It is also preferable to rent at first manual frezer on wood, pos. 6, with a set of cutters. Shaped edges are processed with it, holes and grooves are selected.

Very useful on the farm in general is a universal household woodworking machine (UBDS) of various modifications. It is compact, fits on a table, power supply - 220 V 50/60 Hz 380-500 W. UBDS combines a circular saw, planer, wood turning machines and a set of cutters. True, you can't just grind the table legs on it, the overhang of the tailstock support is too small. But the support itself is just steel round tube, it is not difficult to lengthen it. The cutter stop remains standard, it is movable, the leg and with a long support are sharpened in one setting.

How to choose a tree?

A wooden table can be made from any wood of average resistance to decay, except for the softest species: poplar, aspen, alder, willow, ailant. Of the domestic ones, these include:

The breeds are ranked in order of availability. E.g. wood harvesting horse chestnut, plane trees and junipers are not kept at all: the former are too valuable for landscaping in the southern regions, and the juniper is endangered and protected. The industrial harvesting of elm is almost entirely used for shoe stocks, weaving shuttles, etc., and mountain ash is used for armory; there is no full-fledged plastic replacement for them yet. Stone birch grows very slowly, in limited places, it does not renew itself well, therefore its harvesting is strictly regulated, and timber is expensive.

Note: walnut is especially valuable for furniture - its wood combines high hardness with excellent toughness, the most delicate walnut carving does not prick. And walnut wood from burls - large growths on the trunk - is not inferior in texture to Karelian birch.

At the beginning of a carpentry career, it is better to limit yourself to pine, birch, oak, acacia and boxwood. Pine or oak will go to the countertop; birch - on the legs of a pine table; in the countertop, it is strongly warped from a spill. Acacia and boxwood make excellent dowels, see below.

On a pine tabletop made of boards, you can and even need to take off-grade cheap boards - knotty, twisted. But, of course, without falling out knots, cracks, wormholes and traces of rot in the form of spots of an unnatural color: black, gray, blue, green, in general, not similar to this tree. For example, traces of rot on black (ebony) wood can be whitish or yellowish.

Why is the countertop substandard? Perhaps also unedged, which needs to be finished on a circular and a jointer? And after skillfully processing them, layers of remarkable beauty are obtained, on the left in Fig. Manufacturers do not like such a tree: the production cycle is delayed, waste increases. But for yourself with your own hands it is not so scary compared to the result.

Wooden top

Business pine has a clearly expressed zoning of wood in the form of growth rings; other conifers and many deciduous species also have it. On the saw cut, the rings form the so-called. a hump in the form of thin concentric arcs. If the top of the tree is directed across the face of the board, as in Fig. in the center, then when rallying the board for the table top (see below), the boards are oriented with humps alternately up and down, from below in Fig. If the peaks are directed to the end of the board (on the right in the figure), then the boards are placed in the shield with peaks in one direction. These subtleties are necessary so that during operation the tabletop does not split and warp.

Varnishes, paints, impregnation, glue

Free tree decay protection - waste motor oil, but for what they eat from, this is not the best option. Optimal will be 2-fold, with a break of 3-5 days, impregnation with a water-polymer emulsion (VPE), it will give the table protection for the entire duration of its life. Even birch plywood, impregnated with WPE, is suitable for the front panels of furniture: covered with varnish on top, it does not delaminate.

Old furniture nitrocellulose varnishes NTs-218 and NTs-2144 with solvent No. 647 are gradually falling out of use: in all respects they are superior to water-based acrylic varnishes; in addition, they are safe to work with. Also, adhesives, bone carpentry and BF-2 for alcohol are inferior to PVA; however, to obtain a high-quality seam, the latter requires the application of glue to both surfaces, keeping them tack-free before joining and holding under pressure for 1-3 days, but in home production this is acceptable for myself.

Wood for furniture can be tinted in advance and protected with a stain, which allows you to make beautiful typesetting parts; an example will be given below. To touch up the assembled units, you can use paints based on the same varnish and artistic (not painting!) Dyes: oil in tubes for NTs varnishes and acrylic water colors for the same varnish.

First, a "paint" is prepared: they take 30-50 ml of varnish and squeeze 1-1.5 cm of paint into it with continuous thorough stirring with a painting brush. The paint is stored in a tightly closed vial and added to the varnish to the desired tone; a test for it is done on a piece of wood, the tone is determined by the complete drying of the varnish. Colored varnishes on NC and oil paints can be mixed according to the mixing rules oil paints for painting; acrylic - no restrictions.

The first steps

The country table is the first of the homemade ones. If there are 1-2 brick pallets left from the construction site, then the pallet table will be the first of the first. Not only because it is extremely simple, but also because it is very useful on the farm.

From one pallet, sanded, impregnated and varnished, you get a garden table like a coffee table, on the left in Fig. If you have a couple, you can make a wall-mounted desk-rack, in the center and on the right, in just half an hour. Chains for him can also be woven from soft wire, covered with a PVC tube or, better, heat-shrinkable. To fully raise the tabletop, place the small tool on the shelf of the wall pallet.

With a little more work, a collapsible cutting table is made from one pallet for a summer residence, which allows you to transfer the summer-autumn harvesting campaign to the street, without littering with husks and without treading on stumps. For the winter, this table is assembled in a compact package. The design is clear from the pic; a bucket is placed under the hatch in the countertop.

The next in order of complexity is the well-known country table-goat, in common parlance a goat. Its 40mm plank construction is shown on the left in the figure, and in addition to it is a bench from the same device. And on the right is a suburban folding table based on the same principle. It has hinge joints (bolts М8-М12, washers and nuts with locknuts); in the place indicated in green, a boss-stop is placed on the nails between the crossbars of the tabletop. When folded, this table fits in the trunk of a car, so it will also go for a picnic. If this is not foreseen, or the trunk is larger, the tabletop can be made longer.

Finally, the table for the gazebo also does not require special tools and skills, see fig. below. The material is the same forty board and some inexpensive fasteners.

One step closer to art ...

To get ahead in dining, you now need to learn some of the basics of carpentry. The table, in general, consists of a tabletop, its support frame, possibly with niches and / or mechanisms, or just a plate - a subframe - legs, and assemblies that hold everything together. Let's go through them starting with the connections together with the legs, because their fastening is the weakest point of the table.

Connections and legs

At first, we need to master the connection on dowels - round wooden bosses, see fig. Dowel joints are assembled on quick-drying, non-aging glue: carpentry, BF-2, acrylic. Sometimes, instead of dowels, nails with bitten off caps are used to connect thin boards, pos. 4, but this is bad: the wood dries up, but the metal does not, and over time, the connection looses.

A thin-layer wood is taken on the dowels, which is stronger than both parts to be joined, i.e. the hardest rocks. A pine table with birch legs can be joined on oak or beech dowels. On sale there are ready-made round sticks for cutting dowels; before use, the edges of the dowels are chamfered. Plastic dowels are also sold, but they are intended exclusively for detachable connections, for example. inserts in sliding tables.

Legs to tables industrial production fastened with split drawers, see fig. on right. The pos. Marked in yellow is the simplest, cheapest and worst. Buyers of Shiroptrebovskaya Soviet furniture are well aware of its shortcomings in the complete absence of merits, even if it remains there. They are reliable, they hold well, except for the legs, and underframe boards, tsars with cut-in jibs, "green" pos. They also require the lowest costs, but are quite laborious, therefore they are rarely used in industry, but just right for an amateur. The tsarga with a shaped steel jib, in the upper right in the figure, is even stronger; in this way, you can fix the legs with a round head and in general any, however, purchased fittings made of high-quality steel are required.

Note: the legs are attached to the round table as shown below in fig.

Detachable legs are needed not only for easy storage and transportation. V small apartment With narrow corridor a table with legs is often simply impossible to push to the living room, no matter how you turn it. Modern apartments more spacious, and in 1-storey private houses the table can be served / issued through the window, therefore, in such cases, the strength and durability of the table with tightly fixed legs comes to the fore.

For tables on a rectangular base, the heads of the legs for blind mounting should also be rectangular, pos. 1 in fig. By the way, the tsars are also one-piece: then the legs with dowels that go through the cut-in wooden jib. From the inside, the dowels are cut flush and wedged with cornel or boxwood wedges inserted across the jib wood grain. Assembled with glue, such a connection is so strong and durable that you can fight with these 200-year-old tables by grabbing the leg.

Sufficiently high-quality tables on chiseled legs are assembled simply on dowels, pos. 2. For simpler tables, the legs are made of timber and fastened with self-tapping screws after attaching the tabletop to the tabletop, pos. 3. Even simpler and easier are the legs of a pair of boards each, pos. 4 and 5. So that they do not cling to the floor, you need to stuff the heels on them below or put the table on wheels.

Table top

The easiest, but not cheapest, is to order a worktop made of laminated chipboard (laminated chipboard, laminate). Chipboard for countertops is produced in the form of the so-called. postforming - slabs 3.6x1.2 m with a thickness of 20-60 mm with a decorative coating. The upper edge of the post-forming plate is rounded, the lower face with a drip tray, see fig. Modern furniture laminate is quite environmentally friendly, no matter what those who do not want to forget, the joint furniture, which smelled of phenol for months, may gossip.

Postforming is well bought by small furniture companies. They always have his waste; of them you willingly and completely affordable price cut the tabletop to size if the company has a jig saw. Perhaps such an order will be accepted by a single individual entrepreneur if he is sitting idle. The finished slab will be trimmed, i.e. cover the PVC end with a piping (edge). If you will trim yourself (sometimes they ask for an awkward surcharge for edging), then consider:

The upper and lower flanges of the edge have a different profile, see on the left in fig. Confuse - there will always be a mud edge on the table.
The edging must be taken exactly according to the thickness of the slab. You can put a 24 mm edging on a 25 mm slab, but it will slide off soon.
The groove for the edge ridge must be selected with a manual disc cutter; with a saw, it seems, no one has done it well yet.
Before installing the edge, a thin layer is applied to the end surface silicone sealant and "sausage" it is squeezed into the groove; in this case, the silicone will also be a lubricant, without which the edge ridge can simply crumple.
The comb is inserted into the groove with light blows from a mallet, gradually moving along the contour. At the same time, the table top should lie on the support, facing up; Any excess silicone that has squeezed out is immediately washed off with a clean cloth slightly moistened with vinegar.

Plank tabletops are rallied in plank casings with wedges and spacers - vaimah. It is quite possible to make Vimes yourself; on the countertop you need 3-4. The boards (cheeks) are wrapped in polyethylene so that the shield does not stick to them. In fig. for example, the process of making a round tabletop; rectangular rallies in the same way, only trimming to size is easier. The shield is rallied to the tabletop with glue and dowels (see below); if the boards are grooved, dowels are not needed. When rallying on PVA, the next plot before installation in the clamp is kept until the applied glue is tack-free.

Often, countertops are assembled without vines on a plaza - a flat surface covered with plastic wrap. It will not work to assemble a good boardboard on the plaza: either it will come out slit, or they will stand on end when assembling the boards. But inlaid tabletops from fragments are simply wonderful in skilled hands. For example, at pos. 1-3 fig. - table top made of sawing waste, stained with stain. And at pos. 4-5 the base of the tabletop is the plaza itself, made of thick plywood. The tile and her fight are glued tile adhesive, then the hollows are filled with potting grout, the surface is lacquered and the outline is edged with a wooden lath.

Note: these examples illustrate by no means all the possibilities of making type-setting art tabletops with your own hands.

Underframe

The underframe of the table with fixed legs is a simple wooden frame, on the left in fig. Niches and details of mechanisms are not involved in the power circuit. If the table is longer than 1.2 m, or the table top is removable / extendable, or high operating loads are expected (eg a work table), the underframe is reinforced with stiffeners in the center. If the legs are fastened with tsars, then the underframe is performed at the same time as the tabletop, so that a single power circuit is obtained, on the right in Fig.

No frame

Tables without a base are also known, in which the table top with legs work in a single supporting system. Very durable, e.g. plywood table on the left in rice; its connections are dowel. Unfortunately, this is not an economical design for an amateur: the sidewalls cannot be assembled from pieces, they must be solid. In mass production, the waste is not very large, but a piece of plywood with a thickness of 24 mm and more will go to large sidewalls, and another 1 for smaller ones. The table on the right is already quite possible to make with your own hands: the supporting frame is prefabricated; connections - in a thorn with a bolt tightening and half a tree. However, the table top in this case should be round or square, with rounded or right corners.

... and we get into the kitchen

Exactly. The table for the kitchen is the next in order of complexity after the simplest summer cottages. It must already meet the requirements of apartment ergonomics, dimensions - 75 cm in height for people of average completeness; the width of the seat for 1 eater / rider is 60-80 cm, depending on its corpulence, the width of the table top is not less than 70 cm. Aesthetic appearance is very desirable, but it is not decisive: he suddenly wrapped it up with decoration, for that and a tablecloth. The worktop should be easy to clean, durable, and resistant to spilled heat from hot dishes.

All these requirements will be met by a laminated chipboard table with metal legs; they are also sold separately in sets of 4, with fasteners, on the left in fig. Factory table legs are usually equipped with height-adjustable heels. The table, the manufacture of which will be reduced to screwing the socket of the legs with confirmatory screws, will cost 30-50% cheaper than the whole purchased one, and in appearance will not yield to it, on the right in Fig.

If you are not too lazy to put your hands on, steel legs can be made with your own hands. This is not only a cheaper, but also a more durable option: the nests of the branded legs are cast from a rather fragile silumin, the fasteners weaken over time, they need to be tightened. You yourself can cut the nests out of good steel, and weld the very legs into them.

The kitchen is more spacious, perhaps there is room for a larger table. In such a case - on the trail. rice. kitchen table drawings in a rustic style. This table is "rustic" not only in appearance: it does not contain a single nail and, in general, metal fasteners. Only wood and glue. A connoisseur, seeing one, nods his head in understanding and approval, and the design is simple and accessible to a beginner. True, in addition to the table top, the shields on the sidewalls will also have to be rallied, but in this case the extra work is worth it.

Kruglyashi

A table with a round top is appropriate in any room, as long as it fits there. But the tabletop made of boards in this case is not the most the best way: Due to the presence of sharp corners, it is without framing, very complex and time consuming, prone to splitting. From this drawback, type-setting tabletops from small fragments, like the one described above from waste, are free; unlike round laminate, they are decorative, stylish, unique and practically free.

There are even more sharp corners in the small-type worktop, but here the “law of the broom” works. Not the American Senator Venik, who loves democracy in Russia to the point of being completely forgotten about it at home, but the broom with which they sweep the rubbish. As you know, it is impossible to break it (a broom, not a senator) tied up, and a child will break twig by twig. So here, thanks to the ease of distribution of loads between small fragments, the type-setting of them worktop as a solid plate, and after assembly it can be cut off even with the letter si.

Note: the idea of the senator-broom, sorry, Broom, was inspired by the statement of his compatriot Samuel Clemens, world famous as Mark Twain: “I affirm, and undertake to prove it, that Mr. Cooper has no more fantasy than a bull. But not the bull that bellows in the pasture, but the one that is the pillar of the bridge. "

How to make a semi-folding round table is shown in fig; on the right there are the dimensions of the table top and the assembly order. And in fig. on the right above - a small round table for the hallway, according to the old classification - a business one. Its feature is the minimum number of connections; assembly with glue. Any round will go to the countertop, from a saw cut to a cardboard one, made by the method of making cardboard shelves, but the underframe is necessarily strong, made of wood (two hundred board) or chipboard.

Moving on: into the living room

The table in the main room of the house should be suitable for the whole house. At the same time, with the modern striving for laconic design (which also saves the cost of living space), the table should, for the time being, not be conspicuous and take up less space. Therefore, one of the most popular pieces of furniture of our days has become a transforming table.

The simplest transformable table, which, with all its transformations, remains a table, and does not turn into a wardrobe or a bed - a table-bedside table; it is quite possible to do it yourself "from scratch". Here, 2 options are most commonly used. On the left in Fig. - unfolding table, it has a record ratio of occupied areas in expanded and folded form. These are most often placed in studio apartments perpendicular to the wall on the border of the kitchen and living areas. With the countertop fenders lowered, it serves as a bar. By raising the wings one at a time, you can get a kitchen or everyday dining table, and fully deployed (in the center), it will provide a place for a rather crowded banquet.

A bachelor living in a small apartment is more suitable for a folding table-bedside table, on the right in Fig. These are, in essence, 2 small round folding tables described above, connected by a rectangular insert. You can dine with one folded from it, because, unlike the previous version, there is something to do with your legs. And when unfolded, spend a romantic evening with a beautiful stranger or heartfelt gatherings with friends.

All of the above qualities combine transforming coffee-dining tables with a mechanism. The variety of transformation mechanisms is great, but for tables, which are always tables, they basically come down to 2 types: an elevator (pantograph) and a book. How one and the other work, see the video:

Theoretically, a book is more stable than an elevator, although a lot depends on the quality of execution. Books are more popular with book lovers, because a book mechanism can still be made independently, and an elevator outside production conditions is unlikely.

How the book-table is laid out is shown in stages in Fig. on right. To make it yourself, you need to know that the key unit is a damping-balancing elastic link. In fairly expensive proprietary designs, very soft-working gas dampers (gas lifts) are used, but an amateur is better off opting for a spring damper, and not because gas lift is much more expensive.

The fact is that the gas lift must be, within fairly narrow limits, coordinated with the kinematics of the lever system, the weight of the table top, the underframe and the own weight of the levers. If the balance of the entire system does not fit into its characteristics, the mechanism simply will not work. And the spring can always be tightened / loosened; as a last resort, replace. In general, an unsuccessful home-made transforming table with gas lifts is rarely "brought to mind", and a spring one almost always. If you decide to still torment yourself with a homemade acrobat table, in fig. - drawings of the spring transformation mechanism.

Without the presence of drilling, turning and milling machines for metal or access to them, most of the parts of the transformation mechanism will have to be ordered. Then its production will cost a little about $ 40, and you can buy a good ready-made one for $ 50- $ 60. A factory transformer coffee table rarely pulls less than $ 200, so even in this situation, the savings are significant.

The transforming table is made for the mechanism. One of the most popular are Mazetti transformation mechanisms, due to their good quality at a moderate price for this class of products. In addition, Mazetti mechanisms are produced in a supporting frame (inset in the center in the figure), which greatly simplifies installation. The rest of the pos. in fig. show the device and dimensions of the table for this mechanism.

For a strong revelry

Say what you like, but in a normal family with children, friends and relatives, you cannot do without crowded gatherings at the table, and here a transforming table will not always help out. However, we will leave the banquet tables for the living room in more or less full volume, as they say, for later: these are products of a higher order of complexity; primarily due to the sliding mechanism.

By the way, the good old "sliders" with wooden guides and wooden sliders of the countertop halves (item 1 in the figure), if properly executed, are quite convenient and reliable, in addition they can be made by yourself, but this process requires a special detailed description. Modern sliding mechanisms with telescopic rails of full extension, pos. 2, allow the use of not 1, but up to 3-5 inserts, which increases the capacity of the table by 6-10 persons, respectively, but is quite expensive, and their installation requires a description that is no less voluminous.

There are banquet tables with folding bed inserts, pos. 3. In elite models, when sliding / sliding the halves of the tabletop, the inserts raise, unfold and put in place or put back into the underframe a very complex mechanism, but its manual versions are available for making at home.

As for banquet tables with pull-out individual tables, arranged like a keyboard stand in computer desk, then they cannot be called popular in any way: leaning forward (and how to avoid this if the house is without servants?), we get the board back in the underframe, and our portion of the treat - for festive clothes.

But let's not talk about sad things. Recall that the table is not always pushed apart, and you can use the side table, but a solid table is more reliable in any case. Therefore, in the series of pictures below, there is a way to make a very durable and inexpensive dining table, and how it looks "alive" - see on the left in fig. at the beginning.

In addition

The table, and indeed any furniture, often wants to be painted not just with stripes or artistically painted. To protect the design from external influences and to ensure that the varnish can be refilled if necessary, paint should not be applied, but rubbed into the wood before varnishing. The technique of painting by the method of layer-by-layer rubbing of paints is called glaze. So, in conclusion, we offer a master class on wood glazing.

Video: wood glazing master class

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