Do-it-yourself house from vulture panels. Country house from vulture panels Self-construction of a house from vulture panels

The construction of houses from vulture panels is a novelty in the domestic construction market. If a European is already 50-60 years old, you won’t be surprised by such houses, then for Russian developers this technology is a reason for heated discussions.

Sip panels are a construction of a polystyrene foam layer enclosed on both sides by OSB boards. The inner heat and sound insulating layer can be of different thickness, it all depends on the future purpose of the panels. Thickened vulture panels are bought for arrangement external walls winter buildings, and thinner panels are used for interior walls or for the arrangement of summer houses.

Advantages of the technology of building houses from sip panels

The main factor in the high popularity of this material for construction is the proper level of its factory readiness. That is, buying sip panels - the developer buys the goods assembled by technology and ready for use. At the construction site, it remains only to correctly assemble the box of the house itself, which eliminates the marriage arising from the excessive "initiative" of the developer.

Benefits of sip panels

Plus, build with panels frame house the customer can do it himself, while saving a fairly impressive amount.

Under frame houses no complicated expensive foundation is needed. Installation does not require a lot of manpower - you can do everything yourself, besides, you do not need to spend money on ordering special equipment, the panels are easy to carry yourself.

Although frame houses have a significant number of advantages, panels for them are still produced by more than one manufacturer, there are a huge number of them, and each makes panels according to its own technology. So the assessment of the quality of the purchased material lies entirely with the buyer.

It is worth paying attention to the level of formaldehyde emission in stoves - it should be no more than E1 (this level is safe for humans). In addition, high quality self-extinguishing polystyrene foam, expanded polystyrene or polyurethane foam should be used as the inner layer of the board.

Despite the fact that the thermal protection of such houses is one of the advantages, it also has one significant drawback: the house functions like a thermos, because OSB plates, saving energy, do not let water vapor pass through. Therefore, frame houses need mechanical ventilation technology. A recuperator unit that extracts air from living rooms, and warming up cold air masses coming from the street.

pad ventilation system in such houses, it is thought out even at the design stage, otherwise, the elements of the slabs tightly fitted to each other will tightly clog the box of the house, creating unsuitable living conditions inside.

Technology of laying a ventilation system in a house from vulture panels

In addition, houses made of vulture panels have poor sound insulation. Styrofoam and expanded polystyrene inside the boards are not sound insulating materials, on the contrary, they conduct well and sometimes increase impact noise.

Of course, if your frame house is located in the wilderness, there is no need to worry about unnecessary noise, but if the house is in a rather busy place, you will have to strengthen its interior decoration with noise-absorbing material with your own hands.

How to choose a foundation for a frame house?

Despite the fact that laying the foundation for a house made of vulture panels does not require large costs (about 20% of the total budget for the construction), you still have to make an effort and ingenuity. The thing is that the box of the house has an unconventionally low weight, plus, one must take into account the specific features of the soil, climate conditions, the depth of groundwater of the building site.

The main nuance associated with these houses is the seasonal heaving of the soil, after which the entire box of the house can shift, crack or tilt. The best foundation options for them are:

Screw piles- a simple, quickly assembled, cheap foundation. A screw pile is a steel tube to which a blade is attached, designed to be screwed into the soil. This foundation has good bearing capacity, because in the process of screwing the blade into the ground, it does not loosen it, but, on the contrary, compresses it.
- rarely used technology. It is not profitable for developers, because it is only suitable for non-porous soils, while the rest will provoke its deformation after a season or two. To make such a foundation, it is necessary to remove 40 cm of soil, install reinforced formwork and fill it with cement. The main disadvantage of such a foundation is long drying. concrete pouring(up to a month). In addition, the ventilation of the subfloor of such a house will be much worse than in a pile house.
– a good option for slightly loose soils. Its arrangement is a thick reinforced concrete slab lying on a bulk cushion. Such a foundation allows you to evenly distribute the load on the ground and protect the house from seasonal shifts.
- a good option for loose soil, much cheaper than a monolithic type. Such a foundation is a structure of individual slabs, located at the corners of the future box of the house, at the junction of rooms and massive load-bearing beams.

How to install panels with your own hands?

Despite the fact that the procedure for building a frame house is simple and quick, in order to build it, you will need a lot of auxiliary tools, finishing materials and fasteners.

A careful calculation is made specifically in order to find out how much material will be spent on construction. This calculation should take into account all the locations of the door and window openings, their width and height, as well as the thickness of all external and internal walls of the house and the place of laying communication networks.

Panel country houses - installation technology

Mounting panel houses do it yourself as follows:

waterproofing (for example, roofing material) and a strapping bar impregnated with an antiseptic substance are laid on the existing base of the foundation;
starting boards are attached to the strapping bar with screws;
standard widths of sip panels: 125, 250 and 280 cm. They are attached to each other using special grooves into which wood dowels are inserted. Fastening should be hopeless, hermetically sealed, with further blowing of polyurethane foam, so that the future building does not let the cold pass;
if the house is on a shallow foundation, the starting boards are attached to the composite panels, not the strapping.

Roof laying

Roof panel fixing diagram

Roof construction in panel house very easy to do by hand. In addition to the fact that in this case it is not necessary to make a crate, the roofing cake itself also does not need to be assembled, because the sandwich panel is a ready-made element.

You just need to lay the sip panels on the rafters, fix them with self-tapping screws, and, leaving a small ventilation gap, cover with a roof. Bituminous shingles and metal shingles are best suited.

In addition, if you have the means and can afford the services of a light crane, assemble the roof on the ground with your own hands, and then install it in place using the crane.

Exterior and interior decoration of the house with vulture panels

Finishing, both internal and external, is done very quickly. Since the panels are smooth and even, the finishing cladding does not need prior screed and plastering.

However, before installing drywall and finishing, it is necessary to grind and seal the joints between the panels with a paint net. In addition, before carrying out any finishing work, it is necessary to make holes for communications.

In rooms with high humidity (bathroom, toilet), the joints are closed silicone sealant, and sip panels are overlapped in order to protect the wall materials from getting wet. The floors in these rooms must be additionally waterproofed or even self-leveling acrylic floors must be installed.

Among outdoor finishing methods, the most attractive are:

thin vinyl siding panels do not rot and perfectly protect from moisture;
facade plaster- the most common finishing variation;
corrugated board- light finishing material made of metal, characteristic for its strength, resistance to rust;
fiber cement is a strong, pressed board made of cement (over 90%) and cellulose.
facade tiles- a cheap and popular material that imitates natural finishing elements.

Thus, having considered all the nuances and features of the construction of houses from vulture panels, we can conclude that positive characteristics material prevail over negative.

In addition, the constant rise in the cost of housing, especially apartments in cities, will soon make country frame houses the only way out for those wishing to have personal real estate.

Instructions for assembling a house from vulture panels. SIP Houses are produced at the SIP 47 plant with a house kit, that is, a set of board elements and sip panels, manufactured with high precision on the basis of the project chosen by the customer. A set of vulture panels can only be assembled at the construction site like children's designer... All products are marked, and a wiring diagram is attached to the set of elements, according to which you should make mounting sip panels. Before starting work, you need to study the wiring diagram and check the completeness of the package.

In order to better understand the features of installation, you need to have an idea of SIP panels.

Basic a tool that is needed when self-assembling a self-supporting insulated wire-house:

Screwdriver (assembly with screws) / nailer (assembly with nails);

Chainsaw;

Circular Saw;

Roulette;

Building level;

Thermo knife for cutting a groove in SIP panels.

Panel construction and typical dimensions

SIP panel(structurally insulated panel) is a building product that includes two OSB boards (oriented strand board) with an insert of insulation - expanded polystyrene (PPS) between them, connected and pressed using special glue under a pressure of 20 tons. Such a structure allows the panels to perform a double function - they serve not only for heat and sound insulation of the enclosing structures, but also are able to withstand significant compressive and bending loads. Therefore, these products are suitable for the construction of all types of buildings. They are used for walls, partitions, as floor slabs and roof coverings.

Typical dimensions of SIP panels

The thickness varies in these dimensions from 68 mm to 244 mm. Frequently used sip panel with a thickness of 174 mm (with a PPS thickness of 15 cm, OSB 12 mm), a width of 1.250 m; length from 2.5 m to 2.8 m.
For the construction of enclosing walls, standard 17.4 cm sip panels are used, for ceilings and roofs - 17.4 - 22.4 cm thick. Products 12.4 cm thick are used for partitions in the house.
Sip panels are light - no more than 20 kg / m 2, which allows them to be installed by two, three people and without the use of a crane, and are also easily processed and cut using a hand-held power tool.

The procedure for assembling self-supporting insulated wire at home

The assembly of self-supporting insulated wire at home consists in the sequential performance of the following operations:

Foundation devices and installation of the lower piping;
Installation of the basement floor;
Installation of the walls of the 1st floor;
Assemblies of intermediate floors and walls of the next floors in the case of a 2-3-storey building;
Installation of attic floors, attic, roof self-supporting insulated wire.

Foundation device and installation of the lower piping

Foundations can be monolithic tape, pile, and design in the form of a monolithic ribbed slab. The type of foundation should be selected based on the properties of the soils underlying the structure at the construction site. When choosing the type of foundation, it is recommended to use a pile foundation- the most suitable for the simplicity of the device, relatively low cost, the possibility of using it under most types of soil conditions and the convenience of combining with the base of the prefabricated self-supporting insulated wire structure of the house.

To support the harness at the top steel pipes protruding above the ground surface, special heads with a horizontal metal plate are installed, or a steel beam from the channel can be laid with shelves up. In the latter case, the strapping bar is attached to the steel beam with anchors every 50 cm.After the screw piles are immersed in the ground, they are united by a lower strapping or support bar with a section of 200x200 mm, which is the supporting basis of the entire constructions SIP at home. The strapping bar is attached to each pile with wood grouse screws with a diameter of up to 12 mm.

The strapping bar must first be impregnated with a fire-retardant compound, and a gasket made of bituminous paper, roofing felt or other roll waterproofing materials is laid between its lower surface and the base plates of the heads. In the case of laying the support bar on a metal beam or on a strip or slab foundation waterproofing should be laid under the entire lower surface of the timber.
The strapping bar is installed exactly according to the markings corresponding to the layout of the self-supporting insulated wire of the house and its assembly room scheme.

At the corners and intersections, the elements of the bar are joined together by inserts-staples and are fastened with self-tapping screws 8x180 mm. The fasteners on the staples are time-tested, the staples can withstand heavy loads and do not burst. Provides additional rigidity and strength in critical areas.

In the case when the support bar is laid on a horizontal concrete surface foundations of other types, it is fastened with anchor bolts, which must be recessed into the body of the foundation by at least 100 mm in increments of 500 mm in length.

Installation of the base / plinth ceiling

After installation and fastening to the foundation of the lower support bar, a self-supporting insulated wire is mounted on it, including: wooden beams-logs 100x150, connecting inserts between panels made of timber with a cross section of at least 50x150 mm and a vulture of the floor panel. The lags are installed in the grooves present in each sip panel along the perimeter. First, the first sip overlap panel is laid at any of the corners, the groove at the end is filled with foam from a mounting cylinder. A short connecting bar with a section of 50x150 is inserted into this groove, which is fastened through the OSB-board sheathing with screws 3.5 mm in diameter and 40 mm long for wood every 15 cm in length. Then a groove is foamed at the end of the second sip panel, and it joins with the first sip panel. In this case, the protruding part of the connecting bar enters the groove of the second product and is also fastened with wood screws through the skin.

How many screws do you need for one SIP panel? With a step of 15 cm, on average, one panel of 2500x1250 mm will need 100 pieces. self-tapping screws, half 600x2500 mm 80 pieces.

After connecting and fixing the first row of basement sip panels of overlap with each other along the extreme span of the sip of the house, located near the end wall, a lag-beam is installed along the entire length of the span. Before this, the grooves of the products are filled again assembly room foam and the beam slides into this groove.

The subsequent assembly of panels, connecting bars and installation of the lag is carried out in the same way, until one continuous plane of the overlap is formed. For fastening wooden beams for flat floor products, wood screws with a diameter of 4.2 mm and a length of 75 mm are used. In places determined by the installation scheme, reinforced beams and timber are installed. The entire overlap is fastened through the lags to the strapping bar with self-tapping screws 8 x 280 mm in size.
The resulting open ends of the overlap of the first floor of the house are sewn up with a board having a cross section of 100 by 150 mm from all sides.

Installation of the walls of the 1st floor

Design on the first floor of a house made of vulture panels is a frame consisting of wooden posts and wall self-supporting insulated wire parts, fixed to the lower strapping beam, uprights, and fastened together. At the initial stage of assembling the enclosing structures of the walls of the first floor of the sip house kit, boards are placed under each wall with a section of 25x150 mm on a solid basement floor, the layout of which must correspond to the design layout and installation diagram. The strapping boards are attached with self-tapping screws with a diameter of 4.2 mm and length 75 mm to the overlap every 40 cm. The marking for laying the strapping should be done with maximum accuracy without deviating from the diagram, so as not to cause difficulties in the future. It should be noted that between the edge of the basement overlap, gaps should remain, which coincide in thickness with the sheathing of the vulture panel from the OSB board - 12 mm, which is indicated in the wiring diagram. The strapping boards are laid without gaps in the places corresponding to the location of the door openings in order to increase the accuracy and speed of their installation. In the future, after the installation of the vulture of the wall panels, cutouts are made in these places, therefore, when placing the self-tapping screws, this must be taken into account. The main stage of wall assembly can be started from any corner of the self-supporting insulated wire of the house, where first a vertical rack is installed, having a cross section of 100 by 150 mm, which is attached to the lower strapping board with two self-tapping screws with a diameter of 4.2 mm and a length of 7.5 mm, the first panel is mounted to it.
Further on one of the corner sip panels is filled polyurethane foam side groove, then the product is placed in the design position with attachment to the rack. In this case, the stand should fit tightly into the side groove of the sip panel. After checking the vertical position of the element by means of a plumb line or a level, the panel is attached to the strapping board along the lower edge and the post with galvanized wood screws with a diameter of 3.5 mm and a length of 40 mm on each side from the bottom and along the side edge after 15 cm.
In the same way, another vertical beam and a second flat wall product are installed, adjacent to the corner of the house on the other side. After checking the verticality, both corner wall products are additionally fixed to each other by means of structural self-tapping screws with a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 200 mm with a pitch of 50 cm in height.

Starting from the first corner sip panels, racks and ordinary sip panels of external and internal walls are sequentially mounted in each direction. Before the installation of each element, the side grooves are foamed, the sip panels are attached along the side edges to the vertical beams and from the bottom to the strapping with screws with a diameter of 3.5 mm and a length of 40-45 mm every 15 cm on both sides.
At the corner nodes and T-shaped joints of the walls, the products are additionally sewn with structural self-tapping screws with a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 230 mm every 50 cm in height. The installation of the walls is completed at one of the corners, in the reverse order to the installation of the first corner - a vertical bar is inserted into the side edge of the last SIP panel, pre-filled with polyurethane foam, covering the end part of the wall. The SIP panel is attached to a vertical bar and strapping with self-tapping screws with a diameter of 3.5 mm and a length of 40-45 mm with a pitch of 15 cm on both sides.
Next, the two corner sip panels are tightened with constructional self-tapping screws with a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 230 mm with a pitch of 50 cm in height. The last operation to install the walls is to connect them with an upper strapping board. For this, the grooves on the upper ends of the installed sip panels are filled with polyurethane foam, after which a strapping is laid in them. board with a section of 25x150 mm, which is attached with self-tapping screws with a diameter of 4.2 mm and a length of 75 mm to the vertical posts, then all wall sip panels are attached to it with screws with a diameter of 3.5 mm and a length of 40-45 mm on each side with a pitch of 15 cm.

Installation of upper floors

If House from a multi-storey vulture panels, then after assembling the structures of the first floor, the interfloor overlap is installed. All operations are performed in the same way as the installation of the basement floor. Then the installation of the second floor is carried out in exactly the same sequence as the installation of structures. the first floor of self-supporting insulated wire of the house. Then everything is repeated on the next floor.

Installation of an attic floor, attic, roof self-supporting insulated wire

The final stage is the installation of the attic floor, after which it is constructed roof... When device attic floor wall vulture panels of complex shape are used - trapezoidal and triangular, on which the details rest rafter roof... The roof includes a frame consisting of posts, rafters, purlins, Mauerlat, elements of valleys and ribs on fractures, as well as special self-supporting insulated roof panels. These products, in the event that roof not gable, they can also have both rectangular and a more complex geometric shape - trapezoidal or triangular, so you should first carefully consider the installation diagram and outline the assembly order. In the case when the last floor of the self-supporting insulated wire of the house is not attic, then first a Mauerlat is installed from a bar having a section of 100x150 mm over the plane of the attic floor along the perimeter of the walls. Then racks 100x100 mm, united by a ridge bar measuring 100x150 mm and rafters measuring 40x200 mm, resting on the ridge with the upper end and the lower part on the Mauerlat.

If the self-supporting insulated wire roof is of a complex configuration, then the frame is supplemented with intermediate girders and details of the device of valleys and ribs at the outer corners of intersections of the roof planes. Mauerlat, ridge beams, purlins and other parts can have a trapezoidal section, which is given to them during the manufacture of a house kit at the factory in order to accurately fit all roof elements to each other. All elements of the roof frame are pulled together with galvanized self-tapping screws 8x280 mm, one at each attachment point. If necessary, in some places, metal connecting plates with holes for screws are used. After assembling the supporting frame of the roof, the roofing sip panels are installed, which are attached to the load-bearing elements in the same way as the design of the fasteners used in the assembly of floors. If necessary, the edges of some panels can be cut with a power tool at certain angles on the construction site, for example, when a ridge joint between two panels needs to be formed.

If you find it difficult to understand these instructions for installing a sip at home, then we recommend that you contact the specialists of SIP 47-Sipa Factory.

The construction market offers modern, more convenient to use, cost effective, environmentally friendly materials. Due to technological progress and high competition, they have reasonable prices and good quality. Vulture panels are such a modern building material.

Gaining popularity, this is an excellent type of construction of a country house.

What is sip panel?

The sip panel consists of two OSB boards (oriented strand board, an analogue of chipboard, but more durable and elastic) and expanded polystyrene between them. They are glued polyurethane adhesive under high pressure. Expanded polystyrene is an excellent insulation, does not support combustion and is not affected by moisture.

Plates are different from 9 to 12 cm, expanded polystyrene from 10 to 20 cm. Depending on the thickness of the panel, the material is chosen for the floor, for walls or for the ceiling.

The advantage of SIP material

The advantage of sip panels is:

ease of installation (there is no need to insulate walls and sheathe insulation);
in ease;
at an affordable price;
the ability to order the desired size and shape;
naturalness and harmlessness, thanks to the wooden surface;
high noise and heat insulation;
ease of do-it-yourself installation;
fire resistance due to special impregnation.

What are the advantages of vulture panel structures?

For construction country house, it is advisable to use a sip panel. Their main advantage is compactness: with a small thickness, they have high thermal insulation, comparable to the thickness of an insulated concrete or brick wall.

The lightness of this design does not require a reinforced deep foundation, which greatly simplifies the work.

Ease of installation contributes to the rapid construction of a country house and the absence of design errors. The presence of individual panels in size and shape speeds up and simplifies the process as much as possible.

Technology for the construction of a country house from vulture panels

The construction of a country house with your own hands is available to anyone. First you need to study the construction technology.

Preparatory stage

Having decided to build a country house from vulture panels, you need to contact the organization for their production. They will provide many projects, one of which can be selected and edited to suit individual wishes.

According to the approved project, the manufacturer creates a set of materials of the required sizes and shapes, with the marking of each panel. Such parts do not require additional processing, trimming, they are simply assembled in place.

For installation, it is necessary to prepare well-dried wooden planks the size of the grooves of the sip panels.

Foundation device

For a light frame country house, a shallow strip foundation made of monolithic reinforced concrete is sufficient. To reduce its buoyancy, the base is covered with sand.

A concrete foundation involves laying pipes for communications before pouring concrete. Such a solid, stable base is a laborious process.

An even more laborious type of foundation is on screw piles. Requires a special drilling machine. Its advantage is in creating a ventilated cellar, which is important in humid summer cottage conditions.

The foundation is coated with mastic, and a strapping bar is laid on it - the basis for fastening the vulture panels. In the corners, the structure is fastened with locks from grooves and spikes, screwed to the foundation with the help of anchors, and is also treated with waterproofing.

Walling

The construction of the walls of the house takes place in the following sequence:

A board with a width and thickness corresponding to the groove of the selected panel is laid on the strapping beam along the entire perimeter. It is fastened with self-tapping screws, every 15-20 cm. Foamed grooves of the panels will be inserted into it.
At the corners, connecting beams are installed for joining two panels. The grooves are also processed with a small volume of polyurethane foam, it should be borne in mind that it expands. After docking.
Then the rest of the panels are joined to the corner elements, the grooves are foamed, the connection is fixed with self-tapping screws.
After installing all the walls, the upper grooves are foamed, and the upper strapping bar is placed in them.

Roof installation

The roof of the garden structure must protect from bad weather and noise, keep warm. These functions are perfectly performed by the sip panel.

For fastening, a roof frame is created with spikes corresponding to the grooves. Thus, the structure is assembled very quickly. If the garden house is large, construction will require additional crossbars to support the panels.

Installation of windows and doors

A garden house built like this fast way, is not subject to shrinkage, and installation of windows and doors is possible immediately. Installation is possible with your own hands.

To do this, you will need: wedges-props for leveling, level, fasteners, polyurethane foam, scotch tape.

Installation order:

Windows (doors) are inserted into the ready-made holes, on the sides they are fixed with wedges.
Then the level is checked and adjusted.
After alignment, you can fix the fasteners to the opening, the free space is foamed.
The waterproofing film of the window and walls is connected with adhesive tape.

External and internal finishing

The finishing of the structure can begin immediately after the end of construction. This is important to maintain a presentable appearance.

The surface of the sip panels is even and smooth - it does not require careful leveling, which will speed up the finishing process. There are even varnishing options for vulture panels, which emphasize the closeness to nature and naturalness.

This building material is convenient for any kind of exterior and interior decoration.

Do-it-yourself construction of a country house is much faster and easier if you use modern material... Its cost pays off not only by the ease of installation - by saving time, but also by subsequent savings on heating costs.

Prefabricated houses from vulture panels are gaining more and more popularity in DIY construction. Let's take a look at the main points of building a house by Canadian technology using sip panels.

The foundation for a frame vulture house

The houses are rather light and durable. The pile foundation will be enough at the base of the structure, the grillage can even be made from a bar of the corresponding diameter.
Watch the video about the Discovery Sip Panel, interesting experiences!

Construction technology

Sip construction is an assembly of prefabricated panels based on the groove-comb principle. Most important point here is the quality of the source material, only with the proper execution of the panels themselves, the house will turn out without gaps at the joints, which will ensure good and strength of the structure.

When assembling a sip at home, seams and joints are processed with polyurethane foam, which is not recommended to be cut off after hardening. Foam tends to collapse under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, cutting the edge only speeds up this process.

The construction of a vulture house can be carried out in any of the seasons, but the most favorable is the winter time, because summer construction excitement can delay you at some stages of construction, and in the off-season there is a possibility of rain and bad weather.

Home decoration from sip panels

Sip panel finishes (and exterior) can be chosen according to your taste - any will do. There are no restrictions, except for financial ones, since the sip panels show themselves equally well in finishing. wood materials, and when using tiles or, and in all other variations.

Advantages and disadvantages of sip houses

Consider the main advantages of houses using Canadian technology and the existing disadvantages of these buildings.

Sip panel pros- houses

Interest in sip construction is explained by the low cost of such structures compared to other types of private construction, the short construction time of houses, a simplified system, etc.
A lightweight structure of vulture panels can be erected on a simple screw or. Fast assembly ready-made factory panels at the construction site significantly reduce the time for building a house with your own hands.
Decorating the sip panels is extremely simple. Smooth and even walls made of panels do not need leveling or additional processing before starting finishing works... This also has a beneficial effect on the cost of the finished home.

Cons of sip panel houses

However, despite the fact that sip panels have unconditional advantages, these houses are not environmentally friendly, although firms are trying to argue the opposite, do not believe (when using sip panels, you should control the level of formaldehyde); therefore good finish, sun protection is a must!
despite good thermal insulation properties, they cannot boast of good, and their indicator is quite low.
You should be extremely careful when installing electrical wiring and heating systems in sip houses.
Also, one of the features of a vulture at home is that they need constant ventilation, because the materials used do not allow air to pass through.

Is it worth building to build a sip house? conclusions

It is quite possible to build a house using Canadian technology with your own hands, but you should carefully approach the choice of materials and manufacturers. The strength, durability, beauty and reliability of a sip house directly depends on the quality of the materials (panels) used.

The companies that create and sell it talk a lot about the advantages of prefabricated housing from SIP panels. However, regarding simple technology building a house from self-supporting self-supporting insulated panels, it reveals many nuances. They are contained, for example, in matters of creating an optimal foundation project for a construction from self-supporting insulated wire or choosing from several existing the most suitable way of connecting building elements together.

What you should immediately pay attention to

Even at the stage of choosing the size of the future house, the first one appears. Indeed, in order to minimize waste of building materials, it is necessary to take into account the standard width of the self-supporting insulated wire panel - 1.25 m. If the development of a house project was ordered in a specialized organization, then expansion gaps will also be laid in the construction plan. These are tolerances of 3 mm, which are specially left at the junction of two panels. However, as experience shows, OSB-3 boards, of which the sheathing of SIP panels, can have rather significant deviations in standard sizes. So, in accordance with the standards, the permissible error is +/- 3 mm per linear meter. In addition, SPI panels from different batches can also differ significantly in linear dimensions, up to 5 mm. This leads to the fact that, for example, one of the 8 panels that make up a 10 m long wall on the plan will have to be cut at the installation site. On the contrary, you can get a gap of 20-30 mm, which is already eliminated by filling with polyurethane foam.

Foundation selection

Structures made of SIP panels are significantly less weight than walls made of bricks or even porous concrete (gas or foam blocks) and, often, they do not require wide, powerful foundations. However, when choosing the type of foundation, it is necessary to focus on the characteristics of the soil. Therefore, at home new technology from SIP panels, the following types of foundations can be used:

1. Reinforced concrete monolithic shallow slab

This is the so-called "Swedish" or "floating" foundation. It is one of the most expensive yet most effective bases. It is recommended to use it on low-bearing unstable soils (marshy, quicksand, peat bogs). At the same time, if a high level of rise or standing is noted on the site groundwater, then a branched drainage system should be built under the reinforced concrete monolithic slab.

Elements of the main utilities of the house, insulation layers, and in some cases heating systems are often placed in "floating" foundations. Such a design is capable of playing the role of a heat accumulator and significantly increases the energy efficiency of the entire structure.

The technology of building houses from SIP panels on a slab base allows the construction of two and three-story buildings.

2. Strip foundation

On non-porous soils, its depth may be higher than the freezing level. If it is planned to equip a basement in the house or the rock adjacent to the base is subject to strong frost heaving, then the base of the foundation is deepened below the actual freezing mark. Tape structures, especially reinforced concrete ones, are distinguished by a rather high bearing capacity; therefore, they can be used for the construction of houses of any number of storeys.

3. Pile bored foundation

It is characterized by a filling depth exceeding the level of soil freezing. Installation of self-supporting insulated wire panels is carried out on a prefabricated reinforced concrete grillage, which serves as a strapping of piles. Bored supports withstand the weight of structures, which allows them to be erected houses with attics.

4. Screw piles

They are usually strapped with a prefabricated wooden round beam. On soils with an average bearing capacity, screw piles can be used for construction one-story houses, as well as those with small attics.

Zero level

Before starting the installation of SIP panels, a lower strapping (crown) bar with a section of 100x150 mm is laid on the foundation base. Its location should be reliably waterproofed. For this, bituminous mastic, roofing material (in two layers) or several layers of bituminous paper are used. In addition, the timber itself is necessarily treated with antiseptic and water-repellent compounds. The figure below shows the layout of the strapping on a strip foundation.

IMPORTANT! The installation of the lower bar, the removal of the "zero level", must be approached with special responsibility. The accuracy of its positioning determines not only the simplicity of the subsequent assembly of self-supporting insulated wire panels, but the quality and durability of the entire structure.

Fastening the crown

Fastening of the lower bar to the base is carried out with anchor bolts with a diameter of 10-12 mm. They are buried in concrete at least 100 mm, installed in 50 cm increments. The bolts are screwed in flush with the surface of the timber. To do this, it is recommended to drill in the wood of the countersunk - holes larger than the head of the bolt in diameter, and to simplify installation operations, use socket wrenches. The depressions of the drips can be filled with tar or bitumen, they will help prevent corrosion of the fasteners.

Basement tier

The structure of the basement tier (floor) consists of wooden logs (supporting frame) and horizontal SIP panels. To assemble it, the first panel is placed on top of the strapping in the corner. A groove is selected in the polystyrene layer along the perimeter of its end part. An SIP-dowel or an insert from a piece of timber 80x200 mm (for SIP 225 mm thick) is laid in the short inner end. Such protruding elements become ridges, to which the installation of the next SIP panels with preselected grooves is carried out.

After assembling the first row, already in its longitudinal end part, a groove is also selected, for laying a log from a bar of 80x200 mm or double from boards of 2x40x200 mm. Spark is made with self-tapping screws for wood, 75 mm long, screwed in with a pitch of no more than 40 cm. The panels are attached to the joists through OSB-3 facing plates with self-tapping screws 40 mm long with a pitch of 150-200 mm. The final stage in the creation of the basement floor is the protection (lining) of the outer ends of the SIP panels. They are covered with a 40x200 mm board.

This is how it looks typical scheme the location of the elements of the basement floor:

IMPORTANT! Before laying the panel elements of the basement tier, their lower planes must be treated with bituminous waterproofing mastic.

Sometimes, for the sake of imaginary savings, the technology of building houses from SIP panels is deliberately violated and ordinary boards on logs are used for the construction of the basement floor. The creation of a heat-insulating barrier is carried out on a basis of expanded clay, poured directly onto the ground along a layer of waterproofing. Although this method can be used when installing a strip foundation, however, its effectiveness is poor. Good thermal insulation of such a structure will require the installation of additional insulation between the subfloor and the final floor, such as foam sheets or mineral wool... This will negate the initial savings, and ultimately prove to be more labor intensive.

Walls

Bottom wall trim

After assembling the basement, a bar of the lower wall trim is installed on it in accordance with the plan of the interior. The elements of the lower strapping are beams with a width corresponding to the thickness of expanded polystyrene in a SIP panel and a height of 50-60 mm. A massive timber of this size is not always available for sale, and it costs a lot. Therefore, quite often, instead of it, a composite element is used, recruited from several boards of suitable sizes. The lower harness is fastened with self-tapping screws 75 mm in increments of no more than 40 cm.

When placing a bar, it is necessary to take into account the location of the doors in indoor areas... For ease of installation, as well as to prevent errors in planning, the timber in doorways cut out after assembling the walls from SIP panels. Therefore, in places like this bottom rail is not screwed to the floor.

Frame installation of wall panels

Wall assembly of houses from SIP panels is carried out in ways similar to those already described for the lower floor. The most common is the frame method, in which the splicing parts are no longer logs, but double racks 40 (50) x150 mm (for self-supporting insulated wire with a thickness of 175 mm):

the assembly begins from the corner of the building, placing the first wall element on the strapping beam and aligning its end flush with the floor slab;
panel, from the outside and inner sides, is attracted to the strapping with self-tapping screws (L = 40 mm, pitch - 150 mm);
a single rack 50x150 mm is laid in the outer vertical end and scrolled through the OSB sheets with self-tapping screws (L = 40 mm);
along the inner edge of the panel opposite the end of the corner perpendicular wall, a vertical double post (corner spike) is installed. It is attracted by self-tapping screws 8x240 mm with an incomplete thread, screwed in from the outer plane of the first wall panel with a pitch of 400 mm;
the assembly of the corner ends with the docking of the perpendicular panel, scrolled along the corner spike with self-tapping screws 40 mm long. For its tight fit, it is knocked out from the end with a sledgehammer through a pad from a board or bar;
further ordinary technology for installing SIP panels involves similar actions - joining the next section of the wall through the spike rack.

IMPORTANT! In order for the rack to go into the panel to the required depth, a groove is made in expanded polystyrene. The strength of the connection of wall elements, as well as the thermal efficiency of the joint, depend on the uniformity of its sampling. Therefore, at self-production of a high-quality groove, you should purchase or rent a thermal knife (in the figure below) or a special device for a grinder, consisting of a stop and a milling nozzle.

Installation of wall panels in a frameless way

The frameless connection method involves the use of OSB-3 dowels or special thermal inserts, the so-called "splines". They represent a narrow fragment of a self-supporting insulated wire panel that fits in with their dimensions into the groove of a full-size panel. Such a frameless assembly technology allows to reduce heat loss through the wood material of a bar, which has a higher thermal conductivity than foam. The SIP panel mounting scheme using a frameless method using splines is shown in the figure below. It is ideally suited for the construction of single-storey houses.

IMPORTANT! Regardless of the chosen method of installation, the joints of any elements are treated with polyurethane foam before planting them in place. It helps to achieve absolute tightness of the joints and increase the reliability of the structure as a whole.

After the completion of the assembly of the walls of the first floor, the upper ends of the panels are also foamed, and a strapping beam 40 (50) x150 mm is laid in the foam sample. It is scrolled along all OSB sheets with self-tapping screws 40 mm long, and to the frame posts - 75 mm.

Interfloor and attic floors are made in the same way as the basement tier, just as the technology for assembling the walls of the second or attic level repeats the assembly operations for the walls of the first floor.

Roofing structure for a house made of SIP panels

Roof installation begins with the fastening of load-bearing elements, Mauerlats, purlins and ridge, resting on load-bearing walls(in the case of a frameless assembly method) or on the structure racks. The runs are fixed at the point of contact with the base with two self-tapping screws 8x280 mm.

Next, the rafter system is installed. Each rafter at the point of contact with the girders is fixed with self-tapping screws 8x280 mm. Installation of rafters starts from one of the gables. If the roof has a complex multi-slope structure, then the installation begins with the valleys. Below is a structural diagram of the placement of the load-bearing elements of the roofing system.

Important! Rafter system the house is a particularly responsible structure, therefore it is better to involve experienced assistants for its construction.

Summing up

Assembling a house from SIP panels with my own hands quite accessible, even for home craftsmen who do not have much experience in the construction of such structures. As a last resort, you can purchase a ready-made kit (constructor) from a wide range offered by specialized companies. Carefully fitted elements of such a set, as well as detailed instructions on assembling a house from SIP panels, make its use more preferable if part or all of the work is planned to be performed independently.

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