Ventilation in the steam room as correct. Ventilation in the steam room of a bath: air circulation schemes

Bath treatments are healing and relaxing. However, without good ventilation in the steam room, being in it can end up in problems. In addition, if the shelves and walls made of wood are not regularly dried, then they will not last long.

Wood from the abundance of moisture will inevitably begin to deteriorate. However, it is not so difficult to make effective ventilation in the bath with your own hands. There are several schemes for its arrangement in this room. You can always choose the most optimal option for self-implementation.

The main types of ventilation for baths

The classic Russian bath is a small room. Not all types of ventilation can be realized in it. Often, complex air exchange systems are not necessary in this case. And most of the owners of country cottages and summer cottages, who are building a steam room with their own hands, prefer to look for the simplest solutions.

All variations of ventilation systems are divided into:

  • natural;
  • forced (supply, exhaust and combined).

Air distribution in the steam room with proper ventilation

In the first case, ventilation is arranged so that the air exchange processes in the room occur due to natural draft and convection. In the second, the air is forced to move around the room with the help of a fan installed on the hood, inflow, or both directions at once.

To organize ventilation in the bath, you can use all these methods. but natural option more preferred. It is cheap, non-volatile and does not require supervision of electrical equipment. But in some cases it is not enough.

Air flow with natural ventilation

For example, it was decided to make a steam room in the house itself, and not as a separate building on the street. Then only exhaust or supply ventilation can help. It is not recommended to equip a combined supply and exhaust analogue with a recuperator or an electric heater in a bath because of the high cost and complexity of installation. And in the steam room, such an option with additional air heating is simply not needed.

Air circulation in the bath, depending on the location of the stove

Ventilation schemes for steam rooms and baths

It doesn't matter if there is a fan in the duct or not. Ventilation in the bath is always done so that there are two ventilation ducts (windows or openings to the street). One inlet goes to the inflow, and the second outlet goes to the exhaust. Moreover, ideally, they should be located on opposite walls and have doors, valves or latches to adjust the draft.

On the one side proper ventilation in the steam room, it should provide a constant flow of oxygen inside, and on the other hand, not pull the heat out too quickly to the street. If the air exchange is made too intense, then no firewood can be saved for such a bathhouse. All heated air will immediately go outside.

Temperature distribution in a steam room with ventilation

The wood stove and electric heater burn oxygen continuously during operation. And ventilation in the bath must also continuously replace it, so that those who come to take a steam bath do not feel discomfort. That is why bath ventilation windows should have valves that will allow regulating the volume of air supply and exhaust.

The most effective schemes for placing ventilation windows in the bath are considered (direction "inflow" - "exhaust"):

  1. On the wall near the stove - on the opposite wall above the shelf.
  2. On the wall by the stove - through the cracks in the floor and further into the vent of the dressing room.
  3. On the wall under the shelf - into the chimney.
  4. Through a vent in the foundation and a gap in the floor - on the wall under the ceiling.

Hood types

In the first case, cold air heats up near the stove and goes up to the opposite wall, where the shelves are located. When implementing the second version of sauna ventilation, the heated air masses first rise to the ceiling, and then, due to the thrust, they are lowered and pulled out through the cracks between the floor boards.

In the third scheme, a small pocket with standing hot air is created above the shelf. But such ventilation still draws oxygen into the steam bath in sufficient quantities.

The fourth option assumes the presence of vents in the underground. It is more difficult to perform it in an already built bathhouse with your own hands. Punching holes in the poured concrete foundation for ventilation is problematic. But with it, floorboards from the bottom of the ground will always dry quickly after bath procedures and will last longer.

Ventilation location methods in the bath

The entrance window should be located 20–40 cm above the floor, and the exit window should be 15–20 cm below the ceiling. It is best if both of them are the same size. And on both, blinds or a shutter should be provided.

Exhaust and forced ventilation usually made with a duct fan, which is mounted directly into the duct. It should be chosen for a bath with increased protection against steam and high temperature. All mechanical and electrical components of this fan must have improved waterproofing. IP protection here should be set to at least "54".

You can always ventilate the steam room by simply opening doors and windows in it. This does not even require ventilation vents. So the hot air inside is replaced by cold outside air in just a couple of minutes.

Hot air circulation in the steam room

However, it is difficult to call correct ventilation through open doors. In this case, all the steam ends up in the dressing room, where it instantly turns into condensation on the walls and interior items. This type of “salvo” ventilation should be resorted to only in extreme situations.

Important nuances of a do-it-yourself bath ventilation device

If everything is done correctly, then it is necessary to plan ventilation in the bath even at the stage of its design. In an already finished building, it is more difficult to make ventilation holes, albeit in wood, than simultaneously with laying a log house. In terms of area, the vents should be of the order of 200-300 square meters. see This is more than enough for the majority of small-squared doubles.

Bath ventilation scheme

Another important point- dowels in the walls, fastening the logs together. If they are metal, then when creating vents, it is important not to run into these rods.

Better to move the vents as far away from them as possible. It will still not be possible to completely get rid of moisture, so the metal of the fasteners should be kept away from it.

Steam room plan with ventilation

It is not recommended to locate vents on the same wall. In this case, the ventilation will be such that the air flow will immediately go from bottom to top, without circulating through the steam room. The holes should be made in height no more than the section of the log (bar). It is easier to select the required opening area by increasing its length. It is impossible to build an air vent between two logs. It is more difficult to perform and can lead to its damage when the log house subsides.

Forced ventilation in the bath

Outlets of the ventilation ducts of the steam room with outer wall it is imperative to protect from precipitation. If water gets inside the holes, then it will be inside wooden walls... And for a long time after that, the wood is unlikely to stand not rotted.

When making ventilation in a Russian wooden bathhouse, the outlet vent should be brought out into its wall, and not into the ceiling. The steam should leave immediately outside. He has nothing to do in the attic. There are wooden rafters, which excess moisture contraindicated.

In the process of arranging a bath, special attention should be paid to the issue of organizing high-quality ventilation. Without proper air exchange, the steam room simply cannot be used normally. If desired, all work on the installation of the necessary systems can be done by hand. It is enough just to understand the procedure for laying and connecting the main units and do everything in accordance with the instructions.

Bath ventilation is very important. To avoid lengthy and not very interesting explanations, you can consider everything with a specific example.

The bath visitor stays in a room filled with large quantity hot steam. The person breathes in this vapor. It is known that people breathe oxygen, but they already breathe out carbon dioxide. In the absence of sufficient air exchange, after some time, a person will simply get sick.

That is why ventilation in the bath should be as efficient as possible and made in full accordance with the technology. There are several types ventilation systems... Explore the specifics of each option and choose the method that best suits your case.

Ventilation systems are installed to solve two main tasks, namely:

  • securing admission clean air to the bathhouse;
  • removal of exhaust air from the steam room.

Additionally, ventilation provides faster and better drying of the steam room. It is necessary to study the features of existing ventilation systems and understand the order of their installation in order to get the most efficient and high-quality air exchange.

It is important that during the operation of the ventilation system the temperature regime characteristic of the bath is not disturbed. Air exchange must be organized in such a way that there are no violations of the distribution of temperature flows in the bath. Cool air in the steam room can be located only on the floor. And the higher to the ceiling, the higher the air temperature should be.

Ventilation should not remove clean air from the bath. A properly equipped system delivers Fresh air and takes away the waste. Errors in the installation of the system will lead to extremely unfavorable consequences for both the bath and its visitors.

The main types of ventilation systems

There are several types of air exchange systems suitable for use in a bath, namely:


Exhaust air is removed from the bath through a special ventilation box. The air exchange installation technology requires that the box is installed diagonally to the inlet through which fresh air enters the bath.

Take care of the ventilation device in all rooms of the bath, not just in the steam room. The dressing room, rest room and other bath rooms should also be well ventilated.

What you need to know about floor ventilation?

Quite often, the owners of the baths forget that the floor of the steam room must also be properly ventilated. Such forgetfulness leads to very rapid deterioration of the floor construction elements and, in general, a deterioration in the characteristics of the bath.

The floors are in constant contact with water. Without a well-organized air exchange, the floor will collapse very quickly, and the floor covering will have to be changed in 2-3 years.

You need to think about floor ventilation even at the stage of building a bath, because it will be much more difficult to create a high-quality air exchange in an already finished room.

First stage. Make small vents in opposite walls of the plinth. It is best to provide these vents during the construction stage. concrete base baths. Any holes in the finished structure will result in some reduction in the strength of the building.

Second phase. Make one ventilation hole in opposite walls of the serviced room. Through them, clean air will enter the room. The holes must be through. It is recommended to close the finished ducts with special ventilation grilles. Such protection will not allow all kinds of rodents and other pests to enter the bath.

Stage three. When building a stove, make sure that its blower is slightly below the level of the finished floor. Thanks to this arrangement, the oven will also start working in the extraction mode.

Stage four. Install floor boards. When laying them, you need to leave gaps with a width of about 7-10 mm. Water can flow down through these slots. If the liquid lingers on the floor every time, the boards will rot very quickly.

Quite often, floor ventilation is set up "according to Bast". With this technology, fresh air comes from under the stove, and exhaust oxygen is removed through a hole in the ceiling.

In accordance with the fire safety requirements near sauna stove there should be a metal sheet. It is near this sheet that an opening is created to supply fresh air to the bath.

A special exhaust box is required for such air exchange. You can buy the box ready-made or assemble it yourself from the boards. The inner surface of the exhaust duct must be covered with foil. The size of the duct should be about 15-20% larger than the diameter of the chimney.

Ventilation "according to Bast" is the best option for those cases when the stove is located directly in the steam room. In such a situation, ventilation ducts can be equipped even directly in a brick podium.

Pay attention to the place where the sauna stove is installed. If the stove is located directly in the steam room, it means that natural air exchange is present initially. Only you do not need to rely solely on it - such ventilation works only when the stove is running.

The most optimal ventilation installation option is the arrangement of air exchange channels on the opposite walls of the bath. They should be at different heights.

It is not recommended to place the ventilation openings too high. Although in most other cases it is recommended to make an exhaust hole directly under the ceiling, in saunas there are slightly different rules. If you place the hood directly under the ceiling, hot air will escape from the room very quickly.

For baths optimal height placement of ventilation holes is a level equal to 1-1.5 m.

Bath ventilation installation guide

There are several simple ways organization of effective air exchange in the bath. Explore each of them and choose the best one for your steam room.

The first way. Create a fresh air hole. It should be behind the stove, about half a meter from the floor. Make an opening for the exhaust air outlet on the side opposite to the inlet, at a height of about 30 cm from the floor level. Install the fan into the outlet.

The lower you place the exhaust ventilation duct, the more intensive the air exchange will be.

However, you don't need to be too zealous either. Try to make holes at the recommended height as these values ​​are the most optimal. It is recommended to cover the openings with ventilation grilles.

Second way. With this air exchange, both vents will be on the same wall. The work will be carried out with a wall parallel to the stove. The suction channel is created at a level of about 30 cm from the floor, the exhaust canal is created at the same distance from the ceiling of the bath. The exhaust outlet is equipped with a fan. Cover open channels with ventilation grilles.

Third way. Make an air intake hole behind the sauna stove. Place the suction channel about 20 cm from the floor surface. The exhaust duct is made at about the same height, but in the opposite wall. The exhaust outlet is equipped with a fan. Cover open channels with ventilation grilles.

The fourth way. This type of air exchange is perfect for baths, the flooring of which is laid with slots for water drainage. Make an inlet behind the oven unit at a distance of about 30 cm from the floor surface. An exhaust opening in the case of such ventilation is not done - the exhaust air will leave the bath through the slots of the floor covering, and then it will be discharged outside through a common ventilation pipe.

Fifth way. Such ventilation is ideal for baths with a constantly operating oven unit. Install the inlet channel opposite the stove, stepping back about 30 cm from the floor. The oven will perform the function of the hood.

Thus, the order of arrangement of ventilation practically does not differ in all the considered methods. Each of them involves the creation of one or two holes, only the place and height of their placement change.

You can also make the holes yourself with your own hands. Brick walls can be easily traversed with a puncher, and logs with any suitable tool, for example, a wood drill. It is recommended to insert into the finished holes plastic pipes... Do not forget about protective ventilation grilles. In the future, you are unlikely to be delighted with intruders in the form of rodents.

Happy work!

Video - Ventilation in the bath with your own hands

Baths have always been famous for their healing properties. But to obtain a healing effect, it is necessary not only to listen to the advice of doctors, but also to organize the correct ventilation system in your own bath.

Those who have been to the classic country baths made of wood will hardly remember the presence of such steam exhaust holes. In fact, they are not there. After all, not a large number of fresh air entering the bath from cracks in the floor, window or doorway, can meet the needs of 2-3 people.

But a bathhouse designed for a large capacity, and even more so a brick one, must necessarily be equipped with a ventilation system to fulfill the following important points:

  • the supply of fresh air, which prevents the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the steam room and preserves the health of people in the bath;
  • air circulation, which allows you to dry the room after bath procedures. This prevents the appearance of unpleasant odors in the bath, the growth of mold fungi and contributes to an increase in the service life of the building without the need to replace wood elements;
  • uniform distribution of heated air in the steam room of the bath.

Moreover, if the hood is arranged correctly, it should not lead to the following unpleasant consequences:

  • to a drop in temperature in the steam room during bath procedures;
  • violation of the correct stratification of air by temperature - the coolest layer should be at the bottom;
  • removal of clean air from the steam room, and not saturated with carbon dioxide.

In a well-ventilated steam room, breathing is easy and relaxing.

How sauna ventilation works

The ventilation system of the bathhouse should be properly foreseen even at the construction stage, because it is at this moment that the hood can be made correctly and independently with the lowest labor and material costs. In addition, the process of making holes in the finished structure can lead to a decrease in the strength of the walls.

Air exchange in the bath is provided by means of two openings.

  1. The inlet is located at the bottom and provides fresh air to the bath.
  2. The air outlet is located at the top on the opposite wall to the inlet. The exhaust air is removed from the steam room. However, if the opening is very close to the ceiling, then hot air is quickly removed from the room, which leads to a decrease in the temperature of the steam room.

This design allows you to adjust the direction of the air flow. At the moment when the bath is heated, all three openings are closed. When people are steaming, the supply and bottom exhaust openings are open. After bath procedures, all ventilation is open, which allows the bath to dry well.

Bath ventilation can be mechanical. In it, the air in the steam room circulates thanks to the pressure equipment. In a more complex and expensive version, the air supply process is monitored by special devices that, if necessary, start the ventilation system. The use of a mechanical hood allows you to position holes on any of the walls, as well as correct errors in the organization of natural ventilation.

In any case, to ensure air exchange in the bath, there are several exhaust schemes that differ from each other in the location of the holes.

Video - Ventilation in a bath with a stove - air conditioning

Methods for ventilation in the bath

We will describe several of the most popular and simple ways of arranging ventilation in a steam room. They can be either with the use of fans or carried out in a completely natural way.

Method 1

This is described above scheme of natural ventilation with one inlet and two outlets. An inlet in such a system is made in the wall immediately behind the stove at a distance of 0.3 m from the floor surface.

To connect the outlet holes with each other, a box is used, which is made of wooden planks, they are laid in it corrugated pipe about one meter long. The holes themselves are fitted with plugs to adjust the air flow as described above. In addition to the plugs, you will also need grates to prevent insects and rodents from entering the bath through the ventilation.

This system is applicable for small baths.

Method 2

This is another simple and most common ventilation scheme for the bath space. In it, the inlet is located behind the stove just above the floor (about 0.3 m). The hood is at the same height, but on the opposite wall, and is equipped with a fan that forcibly draws out the exhaust air.

Method 3

Method 3 is somewhat similar to the previous one. Only the air inlet is arranged at a height of half a meter from the heater, and the outlet is just above the floor (about 0.2 m). The hood is equipped with a fan.

Method 4

Method 4 is used for baths in which the steam room has only one wall facing the street. In this system, the air inlet and outlet openings are located on the same wall opposite the stove. Air enters the lower hole, located at a height of 30 cm from the floor, and exits into the upper one, which is located 30 cm below the ceiling and is equipped with a fan.

Clean air enters the room, collides with the oven, heats up, rises and is directed through the outlet to the outside.

Method 5

Method 5 is suitable for baths in which there are small gaps of half a centimeter between the floorboards. The inlet is located behind the stove. The cooled and exhaust air descends to the floor and exits through the slots in the underground, where there is an exhaust hole in the wall of the basement, connected to a ventilation pipe that removes air flows above the roof.

Method 6

If the stove in your steam room is heated for the entire period of operation of the bath, then the blower can itself perform the function of ventilation, or rather, an exhaust hood. In this case, only an air intake hole is needed, which is located near the floor opposite the stove. The blower should be slightly lower than the finished floor.

Step-by-step instructions for installing ventilation

When arranging a bath with ventilation, it is important to observe the following conditions:

  • if the bathhouse is adjacent to a residential building, then the air flow should go in the direction from the residence to the steam room;
  • the exhaust hole is connected to a box or pipe, which must be taken out above the roof of the bath;
  • the hood should not be done above the shelves in order to exclude the action of a draft on steamed people.

Generally, the ventilation installation process can be described as follows.

Step 1

In the selected places, the inlet and outlet openings are provided at the construction stage or they are prepared after construction, the cross-section of which should be 10-20 cm.

Step 2

Prepared holes are equipped with boxes made of metal, plastic or wood.

Step 3

Install, if necessary, a fan on the hood.

Note! For baths, it is necessary to use ventilation equipment made of heat-resistant material and with a protection class of at least IP-44.

Step 4

They are mounted on lattice holes and plugs.

Step 5

The outlet is connected to a pipe that is led out above the roof.

Note! In addition to ventilation of the room, it is necessary to ensure air circulation under the floor. For this, at the construction stage, holes are made in the basement on opposite sides, which are closed with gratings to protect against rodents.

In such simple ways, you can arrange bath ventilation, ensuring a long service life of the steam room and a comfortable stay in it.

Video - Ventilation scheme in the bath

High-quality ventilation system - required element steam room. The absence or improper organization of ventilation in the bath is dangerous to human health. A properly equipped system will protect people from carbon monoxide and will improve the comfort of staying indoors. We will talk further about the features and technology of installing the ventilation system in the bath.

If you make the right ventilation in the steam room of a bath, then it performs several functions at once:

  • provides the room with oxygen;
  • improves the comfort of being in the steam room;
  • removes carbon monoxide;
  • allows you to economically use firewood;
  • evenly distributes air flows;
  • protects the building from the formation of mold or mildew.

The best option to make ventilation in the bath is the supply and exhaust. For these purposes, equip:

  • inlet - through them the flow of fresh air into the steam room is organized, a fan with a ventilation tube is installed, additional air flow is provided by open vents or through the door;
  • exhaust hole - removal of heated air from the room, through the firebox, blower or devices that improve traction.

To improve the supply and exhaust ventilation system, use different ways... We offer you to familiarize yourself with one of the most efficient ventilation systems:

1. The inlet openings are located at the bottom of the room, next to the firebox.

2. Exhaust holes strictly on the opposite side from the top. It is possible to arrange two openings at once for better air control.

3. The height of the exhaust outlet determines the draft level. If the ventilation opening is low, reinforce the system additionally with a ventilation pipe.

4. With the help of special dampers, air supply from the room is controlled.

5. Air renewal in the steam room is done every 2-3 hours.

In addition, the individual parameters of the ventilation system are determined by the type of room, the version of the bath. For example, in a Russian bath, periodic ventilation will help to renew the air. In addition, the size and place of installation of the furnace are taken into account; in relation to this parameter, two types of ventilation are organized.

We offer the option of organizing ventilation in the steam room, the firebox of which is located in the adjacent room. This scheme is popular in ordinary Russian baths. A combustion tunnel is used to bring the firebox into an adjacent room. Among the advantages of such an arrangement of the furnace, we note:

  • no garbage in the steam room;
  • the door to the room opens only at the entrance;
  • the possibility of installing heat-resistant glass for admiring an open flame.

Two methods are used to mount the supply openings indoors:

1. Arrangement of a ventilation duct in the underground space. Removing it in front of the furnace room, installing ventilation grilles on the channel.

2. Floor ventilation supply.

Install the hood on the opposite wall, diagonally in relation to the inlet.

The main quality of the organization of proper ventilation is that the supply openings must coincide in area with the exhaust openings.

If the stove is located directly in the steam room, then the ventilation is organized differently. In this case, the air flow through the blower solves the problem with natural ventilation. This method appropriate if the fire is constantly in the stove.

Read also: Steam room doors: requirements, materials, installation features

If there is no stove in the bath, and the stove is operating in a short-term mode, a more advanced ventilation system is used. Check out the technology for arranging the ventilation system in the steam room:

1. Build a special brick podium on which the stove will be installed. With its help, a ventilation box is brought to the furnace.

2. Lay the ends, build another box of bricks. As a result, the first structure was installed at the top of the stove channel, and the second - to the steam room door.

3. On a wall adjacent to an ordinary room, build doors in the places where the masonry passes. They heat up the next room, if necessary.

4. A stove is installed on the podium, it is possible to mount it on a corner or on steel pictures. Finish the oven with a brick, install a brick screen, with two convection dampers.

5. The exhaust ventilation system operates at the expense of the furnace firebox.

Ways to properly make ventilation in the bath are based on its correct adjustment. General rules for controlling the ventilation system:

  • at the beginning of the furnace, all openings and supply and exhaust openings are closed;
  • wait for the increase temperature regime, then adjust the ventilation holes with the slides;
  • if it is necessary to increase the volume of oxygen in the room, open the inlet;
  • upon completion of work, open the doors for better ventilation of the steam room.

To determine the temperature and humidity in the room, use special devices. A thermometer of an alcohol or electric type will help to measure the temperature. Please note that the use of the mercury version is strictly prohibited. Use a hygrometer to check the humidity level.

The principle of operation of the ventilation system is based on the following factors:

  • melting the oven, the air gradually heats up and escapes through the convection door;
  • the lower door remains open until the oven is fully warmed up;
  • close the door from the bottom and work with the top hatch;
  • in the process of soaring, only the blower installed on the box opens;
  • after using the steam room for its intended purpose, ventilate the room well.

The main functions of the ventilation system in the bath:

  • air supply during bath procedures;
  • high-quality drying of the room.

The ventilation system in the bath should not:

  • violate the temperature of the room, in the process of taking bath procedures;
  • separate temperature streams, that is, cool air is closer to the floor, and warm air is from above;
  • remove unused air from the steam room.

In addition, the lack of ventilation leads to the appearance of unpleasant air in the room, the formation of mold and mildew, which are harmful to human health.

There are three main types of ventilation in the steam room:

  • a natural option is the supply of air flows through the pressure difference;
  • mechanical version - air supply using special mechanisms, when measuring these characteristics with instruments;
  • the combined option is the creation of artificial pressure by fans and hoods.

Read also: How to choose plumbing for a bath

Indoors, there are two types of air transportation: supply and exhaust. For these purposes, a hole is equipped, located diagonally, in relation to the supply.

It is not recommended to install an exhaust vent in the steam room on the ceiling, this ventilation system increases the heating time of the room. It is rational to install the hood under the ceiling, additionally equipping it with a damper to adjust the draft.

Also, provide a ventilated floor in the bath. This extends the life of the floor covering as it is in constant contact with water. Recommendations for arranging floor ventilation:

1. During the installation of the foundation, provide ventilation of the floors, build vents from the basement part.

2. Install ventilation openings on opposite walls to allow air flow. Install grates on them to avoid rodents.

3. The level of the finished floor should be slightly higher than the blower is located. Thus, it will function as a cooker hood.

4. Install wooden planks with a small gap, at least half a centimeter.

5. After taking bath procedures, ventilate the room well and dry the floors.

Another way of organizing the ventilation system in the bathhouse is “Po Bastu”. In this case, fresh air enters the room from the baking space, and exhaust comes from an opening located near the door. For these purposes, build a wooden exhaust box lined with foil inside.

Build a ventilation duct under the floor next to sheet metal preventing heat from entering it. The size of the structure should not exceed twenty percent. Adjusting the fresh air flow with such a system is quite simple. It is enough to open the ventilation hole and the blower. In addition, it is possible to avoid the accumulation of unpleasant odors in the steam room. This method of organizing ventilation is appropriate if the firebox is located directly in the steam room.

How to organize ventilation in the steam room with your own hands

We offer five of the most popular schemes for how to make ventilation in a bath with your own hands:

1. Scheme No. 1.

Place the inlet under the stove 50 cm from the floor and the outlet on the opposite side thirty centimeters from the ceiling. The forced movement of air masses is provided by a fan. Thus, it is possible to ensure uniform heating of the air. The height of the first opening adjusts the natural ventilation draft.

2. Scheme No. 2.

Two ventilation holes are located on the same wall, always opposite the stove. The inlet is set at a distance of thirty centimeters from the floor, and the outlet is thirty centimeters from the ceiling. Install a fan in the outlet, cooled air entering the room collides with the stove, heats up and comes out.

3. Scheme No. 3.

Place the inlet behind the stove, about twenty centimeters from the floor. The inlet is installed at the same height, only close to the ceiling of the opposite wall. A hood is installed in the second hole. The principle of operation of the system is based on the ingress of cooled air into the steam room, passing through the oven and pulling it out with the second hole.

Bath procedures are not only one of good ways maintain hygiene, but also the ability to remove accumulated harmful substances and toxins from the body. However, for a visit to be comfortable and beneficial, a good one is necessary to exclude the possibility of mold and mildew formation due to high humidity. Ventilation in the bath, equipped by specialists or with your own hands, will allow you to ensure the flow of fresh air into the room and remove exhaust gases and vapors resulting from the operation of the heater and the use of hot water.

Read in the article

Do you really need ventilation in the bath or can you do without it?

The functions of sauna ventilation are complicated by the fact that it should facilitate a fairly quick removal of humid air from the premises and qualitatively regulate the temperature in the steam room. It is especially important to have a good exhaust system for baths equipped with gas and solid fuel - to maintain the combustion process in such structures, an impressive volume of air is required. Failure to ventilate will result in an excessive concentration of carbon dioxide, which is harmful to human health and can lead to loss of consciousness.


Inexperienced craftsmen try to carefully insulate the premises, sealing up the smallest gaps in order to increase the heating rate of the steam room and keep it warm for a longer time. However, this is not the right approach, as ventilation holes are required. Competently arranged allows:

  • create a healthy microclimate in the bath;
  • reduce the concentration of moisture and quickly dry the premises;
  • get rid of carbon dioxide;
  • quickly warm up the steam room and other bath rooms;
  • eliminate stagnant and unpleasant odor;
  • get rid of pathogenic fungi and mold;
  • keep intact interior decoration premises.

From the above, it becomes clear how important the device is in the bath of the exhaust system. Before making ventilation in the bath, you must first learn about its types and basic installation schemes.

Effective ventilation in the bath - scheme and device

Before you further deal with the exhaust system and start arranging it, you should know that ventilation is natural and forced. There are also differences in ventilation systems and their schemes depending on the location. Well, now about everything in order.

Natural ventilation

This option is optimal for most baths, since it is the cheapest and most effective. The location of the ventilation holes must be determined based on the size of the room, the location of the stove and shelves, as well as the material from which the bath is built. Whatever the ventilation schemes in the baths, there is one general rule - the inlet opening should be located at a height of 20-30 cm from the floor level, and the exhaust outlet at the same distance, but from the ceiling.


The dimensions of the vents should be approximately 300-400 mm 2. In case of too fast air exchange, which will cause a decrease in the temperature in the steam room, the ventilation openings must be covered with special regulating dampers. For improvement appearance it is advisable to mount decorative grilles on vents, which can be easily bought in specialized stores or make it yourself.

However, this type of ventilation is not suitable for a steam room. All ventilation openings (inlet and outlet) must be at the same level from the floor. Thus, the incoming air flows are heated from the oven and rise upward, while the cooled air flows downward and fall into the exhaust vents. To preserve heat in the room, the openings can be closed with special shutters.

Forced ventilation

Mechanical movement of air is carried out by installing special devices on the ventilation openings (). This will allow you to quickly renew the air, which is very important, especially in the washroom. This ventilation option is well suited in cases where it is installed in the bath.The forced exhaust scheme in the bath has a number of advantages over the natural one:

  • there is the possibility of filtering incoming air masses;
  • maintaining a given microclimate;
  • even distribution of heated air.

For large volumes of fresh air to enter the steam room, it is necessary that the ventilation holes are located diametrically to each other. When installing, do not place the inlet and outlet vents at the same level in order to exclude the closure of air flows, which will cause the concentration of cooled air at the bottom, and on the contrary it will be very hot at the top.

Important! Since high humidity and heat are the main enemies of any electrical equipment, then the fan case must have reliable moisture protection, and the connection must be made in full compliance with the PUE.

The advantage of forced ventilation is the accelerated air exchange and advanced control parameters. Such an exhaust system is equally effective regardless of the strength and direction of the wind, as well as weather conditions.

Floor ventilation device in saunas

Floors in bath rooms operated in extreme conditions. The effect of moisture on the floor is carried out both from the bottom from the side of the soil and from above. The most difficult conditions are created in the steam room, where hot steam comes into contact with the wooden floor covering, cooling and condensing. The resulting condensation penetrates into and creates a favorable environment for the development of mold and mildew.


An effective floor ventilation system allows you to prevent the damaging effects of mold and remove excess steam. Ventilation of the floor can be carried out naturally or forcedly. However, for efficiency, when constructing a ventilation system, the following conditions must be adhered to:

  • prevent the floor from cooling during the adoption of procedures;
  • ensure fast and efficient drying, but it is important not to overdo it in order to prevent cracking of the wood;
  • the arrangement of the ventilation system must be performed even at the construction stage.

When locating ventilation vents, take into account the climate, wind conditions, landscape, sources of pollution, as well as internal factors - the type and location of the heater, construction doorways, the presence of vents. Most often, ventilation vents are located at 3 different levels:

  • under floor covering or in ;
  • under the heating structure or at the level of its foundation;
  • in the wall at a distance of 350-450 mm. from floor level (best done behind the heater).

Ventilation under the floors in saunas has a number of advantages. In addition to eliminating condensation and improving the drying quality of the flooring, the air flow from below does not form drafts and, therefore, ventilation can also be used during the bathing procedures. For greater efficiency, it is important to correctly create a drainage system to remove wastewater outside the building.

Creation of air exchange in the basement of the bath

The creation of an exhaust system in the bath is extremely necessary, since it not only allows you to prevent the formation of mold, but also to protect the building from being damaged by rot. The characteristics of the ventilation system are calculated at the design stage. The type and location of ventilation in baths largely depends on the prevailing winds, relief and the presence of reservoirs, which often cause flooding of buildings.


You can ensure normal air circulation by arranging several holes, the number and dimensions of which are calculated in accordance with the dimensions of the bath. The diameter of the vents must be at least 110 mm. Ventilation openings are usually made opposite each other. In the event that a building is located in a lowland, densely surrounded by other buildings, or there are natural barriers to the free movement of air flows, then vents must be arranged on all sides of the foundation, since this is the only way to achieve high-quality ventilation.

Ventilation system in saunas in steam rooms

Traditionally, a stove is installed in the steam room, which forms the basis. The air from the steam room passes through the blower, which ensures good circulation. To obtain the maximum outflow of air masses, the stove should be installed below the level of the finished floor, and to start the ventilation process of the room, it is enough to slightly open the window or the front door. The disadvantage of such a ventilation scheme in the steam rooms of the baths is that when there is no combustion process, the air circulation stops.


In addition to the heater, ventilation in the steam room is provided by additional openings with special dampers to regulate air exchange. After each bathing procedure, you should open it for a while, otherwise the air in the room will be heavy and humid, and there is also a risk of carbon monoxide poisoning.

When the furnace is fired and the room is heated, the ventilation in the steam room must be closed. After the steam room has completely warmed up, the exhaust flaps can be opened. In order to exclude the formation of reverse thrust, it is necessary at the stage to make sure that the exhaust openings are larger in area than the supply openings.


In the event that the stove is not installed in the steam room itself, then a different ventilation scheme is used in steam Russian baths. Nearby at a height of 300 mm. an inlet opening is made from the floor level, and an exhaust opening is arranged at a distance of 300 mm on the wall opposite to it. from the ceiling. Sometimes an inlet is made at the bottom of the wall behind the stove so that the air coming from the street heats up from the stove and the room cools down moderately. On the wall opposite from heating device, make 2 holes that will form a single exhaust duct. The first opening is located at a height of 1,000 mm. from the floor level, and the other under the ceiling. With this ventilation scheme, the steam room warms up faster and, accordingly, saves fuel.

Air exchange device in the washing room

In the washing room, as well as in the steam room, there is high humidity, which contributes to the appearance of mold and mildew. To avoid this, it is necessary to create an effective ventilation system in the washing baths. In the washing room, a large amount of moisture accumulates under the floor, therefore, to drain it, it will be enough to lay an asbestos pipe, one end of which is under the floor covering, and the other is led out to the roof and equipped with a deflector.


Creation of effective controlled ventilation in bath sinks will ensure dryness, moderate temperature, fresh air supply, carbon monoxide removal and fuel economy.

Ventilation scheme in dressing rooms

The proximity of the dressing room with the steam room leads to the fact that on wooden surfaces condensation settles on the casing. To preserve the cladding and prevent decay processes, the room must be well insulated and drafts must be excluded. Most simple circuit ventilation for the dressing room consists in the removal of moist air through the washroom or. It is best to organize a forced-type ventilation system for this room.

How to properly ventilate the bath

Having more or less dealt with the ventilation system in the bath, you also need to take into account other important points. The hood must not:

  • cause a violation of the temperature regime in the premises;
  • allow cold air to rise to the ceiling;
  • remove fresh air from the room.

The principles by which the correct ventilation of the premises is created in the bath depends on the architectural features of the structure of the building. In the event that special slots for water drain are provided in the floors, then fresh air can flow through them and there is no need to make additional exhaust openings.

Often, small windows are made, which, when opened, act as a hood. In addition, if the heater's firebox is located directly in the steam room, then ventilation is even easier - just open the combustion chamber and adjust the air exchange by changing the position of the damper. These are the simplest, but most effective and low-cost options for a ventilation system.

Features of air exchange in frame baths

If air is circulated in or through the rows of lower rims, then in frame-type buildings sheathed with a large amount of heat-insulating material, there is no natural ventilation and for this reason it is necessary to provide for the creation of special openings with dampers.


The most effective system for a bath is supply and exhaust ventilation... To organize high-quality air exchange, it is necessary to create two channels. One of them is located near the floor and serves to inflow fresh air into the room (if necessary, you can install a fan), and the second is located at a short distance from the ceiling and is necessary to remove hot and humid air masses and carbon monoxide. Ventilation openings in frame baths should be equipped with special control valves.

When designing a ventilation system, the size and shape of the steam room and the location of the heater must be taken into account.

Chopped sauna ventilation

In the Russian bathhouse, where steam was traditionally prepared by hand, forced air circulation schemes are not suitable. To in wooden baths ventilation of a natural type promoted recovery, when creating it, the following schemes should be adhered to:

  • to provide the possibility of ventilation (creation of windows, door and ventilation openings);
  • the upper borders of doors and windows should be at the same level;
  • for small steam rooms, simple ventilation is enough;
  • a stove with a chimney is a natural extraction of exhaust air and gases;
  • for normal air exchange, you can equip a ventilation inlet with a damper and an exhaust outlet under the ceiling next to the heater.

The device of good ventilation in the bathhouse from the log house is a very important point, since it is necessary to exclude the accumulation of excess moisture, which negatively affects the wooden structure and can cause the development of pathogenic fungi and mold.

Ventilation system in a brick building

You should think about arranging ventilation in brick baths even at the construction stage. Since the presence of natural air circulation is not provided for in a brick building, the number and location of openings should be taken into account in advance.

The air exchange system in a natural way is identical to that arranged in a Russian bath - the inlet is located next to the stove, and the exhaust is under the ceiling. However, if the bath is designed for a large number of people, then you should think about creating a forced ventilation system.


The fan must be installed at the inlet of the master exhaust duct on. To speed up the air circulation, several exhaust pipes are installed, but it may be necessary to install supply valves so that the air masses are not discharged due to the difference in the volumes of the supply and extract air. A too powerful fan can lead to the same problem, and a device that does not correspond to the area of ​​the room in terms of power will not be able to perform its functions normally and the air exchange in the steam room will be rather weak.

Ventilation Bastu

V Lately new and more efficient solutions are being found to create ventilation systems. Such novelties include the ventilation scheme in the Bastu bathhouse. This system is very popular among Russians due to its ease of installation and high efficiency.


The ventilation principle according to Bast is as follows. The hot stove acts as a heat pump and draws in air from the supply duct. Cold streams, passing through, very quickly heat up and rise to the ceiling. Naturally, they push an equal volume of near-field air through the exhaust duct. In the ventilation system Bastu supply and exhaust openings are located at the bottom.

For the device of such ventilation, two stainless pipes are required - the lower one is installed diagonally from the heater at a height of 200 mm. from the floor, and the top above the stove. Both exits must be equipped with louvred grilles. However, like all natural ventilation systems, Bastu can only work when the oven is running or when there is a strong wind outside.

The main advantage of the Bastu ventilation installed in Russian baths is the ease of installation, which can be done independently, thereby saving your money.

Competent ventilation device in the bath

Normal ventilation can only be provided if the conditions for the inflow of fresh air and the removal of exhaust air are created in the room. Despite common concepts - ventilation is not entirely true, since it is always supply and exhaust. The principles of ventilation for any premises are practically the same - fresh air enters through the inlet and is discharged through the exhaust.


When calculating ventilation systems, it is necessary to take into account the volume and purpose of the premises, the presence or likelihood of the formation of carbon monoxide or other chemical compounds harmful to health. Normative acts establish the frequency of air exchange within an hour, which can fluctuate 1-10 times or more. Next, the parameters and location of future air ducts are determined, taking into account the climatic zones and weather conditions typical for the given area. In the event that natural ventilation is not able to provide the required air exchange rate, then forced-type systems are used.

Where to place the window in the bath?

The windows in the bath are not only a source of light, but also a way of ventilation. There is a misconception that the window in the steam room adversely affects the safety of the steam in the room and the temperature. However, experienced bath attendants are advised to make even two windows in the steam room. One window is located above the shelves, and if the steam turns out to be too hot or someone feels unwell, then just open the window and everything will be in order. The second window is placed under the shelves, which allows you to dry the loungers quite quickly. It is made small and opaque.


Important! According to safety precautions, bath windows must open inward.

It is also worth installing a window in the washing room. It will not only help to ventilate the room, but also to urgently evacuate in case of fire. The dimensions of the window must be such that an average-sized adult can crawl through it. Some bathhouse owners are interested in the question: is it possible to install? If in the washing room, then yes. However, in the steam room, where the temperature reaches a hundred and above, the material from which the windows are made will begin to emit toxic substances and warp. It is best to use non-resinous wood for windows to the steam room. You can easily do the installation of a window in a bathhouse with your own hands, since the technology is no different from its installation in a residential building.

On a note! Sauna windows for greater heat preservation are best done with double glazing and good sealing.

Fan in the air exchange system of the bath

To create a high-quality forced ventilation system, you will need the following parts:

  • duct box;
  • and lattice;
  • damper;
  • fan;
  • net;

Grate made of wood or heat-resistant plastic and metal grid prevent insects and pets from entering the room. A corrugated hose or galvanized pipe is usually used as an air duct. Experts do not recommend installing plastic pipes in the steam room, since they are not designed for operation at high temperatures.

It is advisable to install the fan only on one, for example, on the supply air. The fans used for baths must be made of heat-resistant materials and have good sealing.

A video on how to make a fan with your own hands will more clearly show the process (a bladeless version is presented):

Vent valves

The ventilation valve for the bath is mounted in the supply and exhaust ducts. There are two types of this device - KIV (air infiltration valve) and KPV (valve forced ventilation). Outwardly, they practically do not differ from each other, and the principle of their work is the same. The outer part of the damper is equipped with inclined louvers to exclude the ingress of water from the outside, and the inner part is equipped with a head and membranes for sound and thermal insulation.


When installing valves, several recommendations should be followed:

  • for bath ventilation, it is necessary to install dampers made of heat-resistant materials;
  • installation must be done on load-bearing walls baths;
  • it is not advisable to mount the valves on the walls overlooking the trash can or.

Related article:

A healthy atmosphere can be ensured different ways... If you install supply valve into the wall - the problem will be solved quickly. In a special publication, we will consider how to correctly select and mount it.

Outlets in the baths

The vents, or as they are also called, vents, can be round, rectangular or square. They are located at the base of the building and on the roof. In the baths, the vents are placed at a distance of 2 meters from each other, and if there are any in the basement, then holes are made in them. These elementary ventilation ducts must also be fitted with rodent-proof grilles.


The video shows how to make an outlet in the bath

How to make a hood in a bath

The device of an exhaust hood in a bath with your own hands is a simple matter, but nevertheless it is necessary to approach it with calculation and without haste. First of all, you need to decide on the scheme, the choice of the appropriate materials and calculate the diameter. The supply air volume must be equal to or less than the extracted air. To comply with this condition, it is necessary to know the volume of the room and the rate of air exchange. The air speed in the main line should be no more than 5 m / s, in the steam room - 2 m / s, in the branches - 3 m / s and natural ventilation - 1 m / s. In the table, you can find the pipe diameter most suitable for obtaining the required air volume at the indicated flow rate.



Now, knowing the diameter, it remains to take the corresponding pipe or corrugation and fix one end in the room, and bring the other outside. Self-tapping screws, metallized tape and polyurethane foam... A damper is placed at the entrance, and a grate at the exit. The ventilation ducts should be cleaned at least once a year.

For a clear understanding of how to properly make a hood in a bath, we suggest watching a video

Do-it-yourself sauna ventilation: a step-by-step guide

Do-it-yourself bath ventilation is not a big deal. Consider the creation of a forced air exchange system using an example frame bath... For this you will need:

  • valve;
  • fan;
  • pipe of the corresponding diameter;
  • lattices;
  • drill with a long drill;
  • screwdriver and.

Step by step guide how to make ventilation in the bath with your own hands

Photo stages Process description
At the location of the ventilation duct, attach a pipe to the wall and circle it with a marker or pencil.
Drill along the resulting circumference at least two holes with a diameter exceeding the width of the jigsaw file.
Using an electric jigsaw, we cut out the casing, making a hole for the ventilation pipe.
We remove the wooden part of the cladding.
With a construction knife, we remove part of the heat and vapor barrier.
We remove it carefully.
We make through holes with a long drill so as not to be mistaken with the place of the opening with outside walls.
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